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    Ethical Issues in Medicine

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    zentrix90
    This document discusses ethical issues in medicine. It defines ethics as a branch of philosophy dealing with human morals and behavior. Medical ethics concerns the relationship between doctors and patients, with doctors acting in patients' best interests by informing, respecting confidentiality, and empowering patient choices. Original rules for doctors included not harming patients and respecting patient secrets. Modern ethical concerns include issues from new technologies like genetic engineering. Research ethics requires informed consent and oversight. Animal research raises issues of rights, while human research needs voluntary, informed consent and committee approval.

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    Ethical Issues in Medicine

    Uploaded by

    zentrix90
    53 views14 pages
    This document discusses ethical issues in medicine. It defines ethics as a branch of philosophy dealing with human morals and behavior. Medical ethics concerns the relationship between doctors and patients, with doctors acting in patients' best interests by informing, respecting confidentiality, and empowering patient choices. Original rules for doctors included not harming patients and respecting patient secrets. Modern ethical concerns include issues from new technologies like genetic engineering. Research ethics requires informed consent and oversight. Animal research raises issues of rights, while human research needs voluntary, informed consent and committee approval.

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    english for medical students

    Original Title

    Unit 2 - D

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    This document discusses ethical issues in medicine. It defines ethics as a branch of philosophy dealing with human morals and behavior. Medical ethics concerns the relationship between doctors and patients, with doctors acting in patients' best interests by informing, respecting confidentiality, and empowering patient choices. Original rules for doctors included not harming patients and respecting patient secrets. Modern ethical concerns include issues from new technologies like genetic engineering. Research ethics requires informed consent and oversight. Animal research raises issues of rights, while human research needs voluntary, informed consent and committee approval.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as ppt, pdf, or txt
    53 views14 pages

    Ethical Issues in Medicine

    Uploaded by

    zentrix90
    This document discusses ethical issues in medicine. It defines ethics as a branch of philosophy dealing with human morals and behavior. Medical ethics concerns the relationship between doctors and patients, with doctors acting in patients' best interests by informing, respecting confidentiality, and empowering patient choices. Original rules for doctors included not harming patients and respecting patient secrets. Modern ethical concerns include issues from new technologies like genetic engineering. Research ethics requires informed consent and oversight. Animal research raises issues of rights, while human research needs voluntary, informed consent and committee approval.

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    of 14

    ETHICAL ISSUES IN

    MEDICINE
    Assistant Danka Sinadinovi
    FACULTY OF MEDICINE,
    UNIVERSITY OF BELGRADE

    DEFINING ETHICS
    Ethics (n.): a branch of philosophy dealing
    with human morals and behavior
    ethic (n.): a system of moral principles
    (e.g. work ethic), ethics (n.) are moral
    principles (e.g. professional ethics)
    ethical (adj.)refers to what is right and
    wrong (e.g. ethical standards); the
    opposite: unethical
    ETHICAL ISSUES IN MEDICINE

    MORALS
    moral: a practical lesson of a story (e.g. the
    moral of a story)
    morals or morality: standards or principles
    of good behavior (e.g. public morals/morality)
    morale: the amount of confidence and
    enthusiasm (e.g. boost/raise/improve morale)
    not considered to be good or honest is
    immoral; not following any moral rules is
    amoral moral
    ETHICAL ISSUES IN MEDICINE

    MEDICAL ETHICS
    the relationship between doctors and patients
    doctors/practitioners should act in the best
    interests of people by:
    giving information they need
    respecting confidentiality of that
    information
    giving them freedom and knowledge to make
    decisions (empowering them)
    ETHICAL ISSUES IN MEDICINE

    CODES OF PRACTICE
    the Hippocratic Oath: written by Hippocrates,
    an ancient Greek physician; Father of Medicine;
    considered the first one to differentiate between
    magic and medicine; it is the traditional ethical
    code for doctors which they swear to upon
    graduation
    the Declaration of Geneva: drawn up by WMA
    in 1948, an updated version from1968
    the Patients Charter: keeping records
    confidential (=secret, private)
    ETHICAL ISSUES IN MEDICINE

    ORIGINAL RULES OF BEHAVIOR


    FOR DOCTORS
    to respect teachers and colleagues
    not to harm the patient
    to preserve life at any cost
    to respect secrets confided by patients
    not to receive money for medical services
    abortion, euthanasia and private practice
    have made two rules outdated!
    ETHICAL ISSUES IN MEDICINE

    MODERN ETHICAL CONCERNS


    the new technology brings new ethical
    issues
    e.g. genetic engineering (i.e. genetic
    modification through direct
    manipulation of DNA
    research in genetics: discovering
    mechanisms that affect physiology and
    determine the basis for disease
    the ethical problem of the knowledge
    and
    the utilization of the knowledge
    ETHICAL ISSUES IN MEDICINE

    TYPES OF RESEARCH

    based on the type of subjects:


    experiments on animals
    experiments on humans

    ETHICAL ISSUES IN MEDICINE

    ANIMAL RESEARCH
    genetic experimentation with the use of
    advanced technologies
    cloning: reproduction by asexual means
    transplantation: grafting, replacing a
    diseased organ or tissue with a healthy one;
    incorporation of human genes into pigs, so that
    they make better organ donors for humans
    the ethical issue of animal rights
    What happens to pigs after the organ removal?
    Do you think animal research of this sort
    should be limited and to what extent? Why?
    ETHICAL ISSUES IN MEDICINE

    RESEARCH ON HUMANS

    researchers should have the informed


    consent of subjects
    subjects agree to take part in the
    experiment after being informed about all
    the aspects of the research (possible risks
    and dangers)
    it is voluntary and provided in a written
    form
    ETHICAL ISSUES IN MEDICINE

    RESEARCH ON HUMANS

    medical research involving the use of a drug


    and treatment
    the Ethical Committee: a special body
    that considers ethical aspects of the
    experiment
    the purpose: to protect interests of patients
    it should give approval for that research
    ETHICAL ISSUES IN MEDICINE

    INDEFINITE ARTICLE (A, AN)

    in front of single countable


    nouns meaning ONE:
    A patient came to see me this
    morning.
    An important question has come up
    in our discussion.

    ETHICAL ISSUES IN MEDICINE

    DEFINITE ARTICLE (THE)

    superlative:
    This is the best treatment that can be
    provided to this patient.
    The most horrible accident happened
    yesterday afternoon.
    comparative:
    The more you study the better student
    you will be.
    ETHICAL ISSUES IN MEDICINE

    OMISSION OF ARTICLES

    abstract nouns:
    Health is the primary concern of
    medicine.
    plural nouns with general
    meaning:
    I love doctors.
    Book, p.20
    Book, Check your vocabulary, p.19, 20
    ETHICAL ISSUES IN MEDICINE

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