Piping Inspector Questions

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PIPING QUESTIONS
1. What are the main duties of the piping inspector?
Material receiving inspection Storage & preservation Cutting,
assembly & fitup Pre welding inspection Visual inspection of
socket & threaded joints Pneumatic test for reinforcing pad Pickling & passivation
Database reporting Visual inspection of completed spools Piping pre-
inspection & spool erection orifice
flange inspection Pipe support inspection Verification of slope
Internal cleanliness Valve installation Piping flange joint inspection Pre-
test punch listing Hydro testing pre-commissioning.
2. How many types of gaskets do you know?

Full face (Asbestos) Spiral wound metallic Ring type Metal jacketed Inside bolt
circle
3. What are the different types of mating flanges?
Name the 4 most common
Flat face Raised face RTJ (Ring type Joint) Tong & groove Male & female
4. What type of information do you get from
Isometric drawings?
Line routing, Line orientation, Northing, easting & elevation, Bill
of material, Insulation type, NDT requirement, Revision status, Material class n,
Design, operating & testing temp/pressure, paint system ,P & ID, slope, Service
details, flow direction, support details, notes;
5. What type of codes and standards do you use as
a piping inspector?
ASME B31.3, ASME B31.1, ASME B31.5, ASME B31.9;JERES-A-004, JERES-A-007,
JERES-A-206, JERES-A-301, JERES-L-105,JERES-L-108, JERES-L-110, JERES-L-150,
JERES-L-130, JERES-L-310,JERES-L-350, JERES-L-351, JERES-W-011, JERES-W-016
6. What are the types of Valves?
Gate valve, Globe valve, Butterfly valve, Needle valve, Check valve, Control valve,
Knife gate valve, Based on function:-non-return valve, isolation valve, regulation
valve, special purpose valve,
7. What are the main things you will check before Bolt
torquing?
Size of bolt, Calibration of torque wrench, Manual /hydraulic require,Lubricant,
Friction factor for threaded lubricant, torque value,JERES-L-109 / 351
8. Write 3 Saudi Aramco piping standards (L-Series)?
JERES-L-105, JERES-L-108, JERES-L-110, JERES-L-150, JERES-L-130,JERES-L-310,
JERES-L-350, JERES-L-351
9. Write minimum ten hydrostatic test punch list
i t e m s p r i o r t o c o m m e n c e h y d r o t e s t a t site? Indicate
which is YES item & NO item
1. All hot work shall be completed

2. Strainers shall be removed
3. All NDT & DT completion
4. PWHT completion
5. Adequate attachment
6. Coating on weld joint shall be removed.
7. Calibration of equipments used. Test blind MTC.
8. Test certificates of testing fluid
9. Components in new piping systems which interfere with filling,venting,
draining or flushing shall not be installed.(orificeplates, flow nozzles,
sight glasses)
10. All joints (flange, threaded, welded or mechanical seals) are leftexposed for
visual leak detection during the strength test.
11. All permanent flange joints were inspected, gasket mat'l verified& properly
torqued.
12. Drains shall be provided at all low points of the piping system.
13. Vents and drain valves, both temporary and permanent, conforms with the
piping class or rating.
14. Supports are installed. Additional temporary support may beinstalled as
required.
15. Expansion joints and spring hangers or spring supports areprovided with
temporary restraints.
16. Arc strikes, gouges, and other indications of careless workmanship(such as
surface porosity, uneven weld profiles, and undercut)shall be removed by
grinding and inspected by magnetic particle orliquid penetrant method.
17. Drains are provided immediately above check valves (verticallines)
18. All threaded joints up to the first block valve of hydrocarbonpipeline are
seal welded. Thread engagement has been verified &accepted.
19. The pressure testing manifold is separately pressure tested to atleast 1.2
times the system test pressure but not less than thedischarge pressure of
the pump used for the pressure testing.
20. Line compliance with Isometrics:
i. Correct Materials utilized grade/schedule (Bill of Mat'ls)

ii. Correct flange and fittings rating
iii. Construction tolerances per JERES-L-350
10. Which type of documents/reports attached in

hydrostatic test package?
Refer Attached
11. Weep hole size shall be drilled for dummy pipe
support will be ________mm
Weep hole shall be located near base plate for all vertical dummy pipe support &
near run pipe at 6O clock position for horizontal dummy.(JERES-L-350 13.2.3 & L-
310 14.7.2)
12. What is dead leg and explain?

Dead Legs: Piping sections that are potential for internal corrosion due to flow
stagnation.
Dead legs are created mainly by flow stagnation enhanced with presence

of settled water and solid deposits.
When the length of the section or branch , for 2 inch pipe sand larger, is longer
than three times its pipe diameter, or1.22 m (4 ft) in length, the length of the dead leg is the
distance measured from the outside diameter of the header(or run) to the near end of the
branch valve.
For branch connections of 1- inch NPS and smaller, the length of the dead leg is the
distance measured from the end of the boss to the near end of the valve.
13. Write any 2 types of piping supports?
Shoe, Spring loaded, resting, weer pad,
14. L i n e c l a s s 1 0 3 C S 3 C i s l i s t e d o n t h e
I s o m e t r i c D r a w i n g . E x p l a i n e ach________1 03 CS 3 C
Raised face Flange rating 300 Carbon steel C.A-4.5mm Caustic
As per JERES-L-105 page 375-377
15. W h a t t y p e o f c o n n e c t i o n i s a c c e p t a b l e f o r a
24 header, 12 branch?
Weldolet or welded branch with reinforcement pad as per JERES-L-110app:A
16. How many minimum Pressure gauges to be
installed during hydro test?
Two(JERES-A-004, para 7.1.5)
17. Relief valve
calibration period would be___________
One week, per JERES-A-004 para 5.5.1
18. What is a PIP?
Process industry practices
19. Name the different types of Service Conditions?
NFS :- Normal services, Category M, Category D, High pressure
fluidservices(ASME-B31.3)
20. How do you verify (name several items to check)
that the correct piping material is u s e d ?
Material specification, Pipe size, schedule, length, flange facerating, olet size
rating, threaded/socket weld type, MTC, PMI report.
21. How do you identify fittings and flanges?
By material classification, size, rating, joint type (lap, socket,threaded, butt), face;
22. How do you check piping for the correct
schedule?
Verify pipe material thickness by Vernier at end or UT on surface orstenciling
done by manufacturer (visual) or heat number, traceabilityby MTC of product.
23. What is the standard mill tolerance for piping
2 & less?
12% of nominal wall thickness
24. What is the tolerance for ovality of piping?
5% of nominal diameter at any cross section other than weld end & 3%at weld end
(JERES-L-350 para 9.2)
25. What is the difference between torqueing CS and
SS bolting?
CS:- Yield strength High; Torque value High SS:-
Yield strength low; Torque value low
26. What are jackscrews and when are they required?
Used in flange joint assemblies which often require frequent separation includes
orifice plate, spectacle plates, spacers, screens, and drop out spools shall be
provided with jack screw to facilities separation and opening for maintenance.
When flange separations are used, jackscrews are not required. Jackscrews shall be
installed to be accessible from both sides of the pipe. For orifice flanges,
jackscrews shall be installed at 3 & 9 o clock positions.(JERES-L-310para 17.7)
27. What is often overlooked during orifice
flange fabrication?
Inside surface of welded joints at @ orifice flanges shall be ground &

machined smooth (JERES-L-350 para 10.4.2)
Orientation of taps are as per JERSD-J-0001
All parallel pipe lines with adjacent orifice fittings shall have a min spacing of 300
mm (12 in) between flanges outside diameters if horizontal taps are required.
Where this spacing is not practical follow JERSD-J-0001.Orifice flanges in
adjacent lines shall be staggered so that no two pairs of orifice flanges are less
than 1 m(3ft) apart.
28. What is the maximum diameter piping allowed in
hazardous service?
Socket weld:- 2 for maintenance & minor modification & 1- for new
construction Threaded:- 1- for standard fitting & valve, and 2 maximum when
required for maintenance, minor field minor modification of existing piping
system(JERES-L-110 para 7.2)
29. What is the minimum sized piping that can be
installed on pipe racks?
1
30. Can Teflon tape be used prior to seal welding?
No, (JERES-L-110 para 8.5)
31. How many threads can be visible after seal
welding threaded joints?
No, should cover all exposed threads(JERES-W-011 para 12.15.3)
32. What is the gap requirement for socket welds
for new construction?
1.5mm-3mm (ASME B31.3 fig 328.5.2C)
33. Give examples of unique support details that
allow piping freedom of movement for thermal
expansion?
Guide support, Moving saddle support, Expansion ballons, shoe support, Spring
loaded
34. When you will apply 24 hours recorded hydro
test?
If for justifiable safety reasons the UG line must be backfilled, then the joints shall
remain exposed during testing, otherwise the test shall be a 24 hour recorded
test.(JERES-L-150 para 7.4.2)
35. Difference between carbon steel and stainless
steel?
CS:- Low cost, no chromium content, suitable for non-corrosive service up to 350
degree C, max carbon 0.3%.SS:- Contains more than 12% Cr, 0.08% C, Suitable
for corrosive, cryogenic , High temp services, costly.
36. Difference between RT & UT?
RT:- Uses X-ray or Gamma ray to detect discontinuities, reveals mostly volumetric
. planar defects & subsurface defects not detectable easily UT:-Uses ultrasonic
beam to detect discontinuities reveals both planar& volumetric defects, but size
& exact location of defects are note easily identifiable. Possible only on materials
that do not defect UT waves.
37. Difference between PT & MT?
MT:- Only Applicable for ferromagnetic materials & able to detect both surface &
sub surface discontinuities, compare to PT examination it takes less time for testing
& inspection; Applicable for large temp range.PT:- Applicable for both
ferromagnetic & non ferromagnetic materials & able to detect only surface
discontinuities, It requires more time; Applicable for small temp range.
38. How do you control material in fabrication
shop?
1) All materials shall have material spec and grade stamped or stenciled &
clearly marked with permanent marker.
2) All materials heat no. will be made traceable to MTC from approved vendor
& no material substitution will be done without proper approval from
company.
3) All materials shall be stored & stacked separately as per material grade.
4) Heat no. shall be transferred before cutting onto pipes that have to be cut.
5) All materials shall be color coded as per traceability procedure
39. Write inspection items during valves

installation?
1. Valve type correct at location

2. Valve test certificate
3. Valve tag as per P&ID
4. Valve direction of flow as per P&ID
5. Gasket, bolts as per isometric & type
6. Handle direction
7. Chain wheel installed
8. Valve flange face condition

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2. How many types of gaskets do you know?

1. All hot work shall be completed

i. Correct Materials utilized grade/schedule (Bill of Mat'ls)

10. Which type of documents/reports attached in

12. What is dead leg and explain?

Inside surface of welded joints at @ orifice flanges shall be ground &

Orientation of taps are as per JERSD-J-0001

39. Write inspection items during valves

1. Valve type correct at location

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