Lesson 3 Piping Inspector Q & A

Prepared by Tehseen Iqbal Lodhi
1. What are the main duties of the piping inspector?
Material receiving inspection  Storage & preservation  Cutting, assembly & fit-up 
Pre-welding inspection  Visual inspection of socket & threaded joints  Pneumatic
test for reinforcing pad  Pickling & passivation  Database reporting  Visual
inspection of completed spools  Piping pre-inspection & spool erection  orifice
flange inspection  Pipe support inspection  Verification of slope  Internal
cleanliness  Valve installation  Piping flange joint inspection  Pre-test punch
listing  Hydro testing  pre-commissioning.
2. How many types of gaskets do you know?
Full face (Asbestos)

Spiral wound metallic
Ring type
Metal jacketed
3. What are the different types of mating flanges? Name the 4 most common
Flat face
Raised face
RTJ(Ring type Joint)
Tonge & groove
Male & female
4. What type of information do you get from Isometric drawings?
Line routing, Line orientation, Northing, easting & elevation, Bill of materials, Insulation
type, NDT requirement, Revision status, Material class, Design, operating & testing
temp/pressure, paint system, P&ID, slope, Service details, flow direction, support
details, notes;
5. What type of codes and standards do you use as a piping inspector?
ASME B31.3, ASME B31.1, ASME B31.5, ASME B31.9;
6. What are the types of Valves?
Gate valve, Globe valve, Butterfly valve, Needle valve, Check valve, Control valve,
Knife gate valve,
Based on function: -non-return valve, isolation valve, regulation valve, special purpose
valve,
7. What are the main things you will check before Bolt torquing?
Size of bolt, Calibration of torque wrench, Manual /hydraulic require, Lubricant, Friction
factor for threaded lubricant, torque value.
8. Write minimum ten hydrostatic test punch list items prior to commence
hydrotest at site? Indicate which is YES item & NO item
1. All hot work shall be completed

2. Strainers shall be removed
3. All NDT & DT completion
4. PWHT completion
5. Adequate attachment
6. Coating on weld joint shall be removed.
7. Calibration of equipments used. Test blind MTC.
8. Test certificates of testing fluid
9. Components in new piping systems which interfere with filling, venting, draining or
flushing shall not be installed. (orifice plates, flow nozzles, sight glasses)
10. All joints (flange, threaded, welded or mechanical seals) are left exposed for
visual leak detection during the strength test.
11. All permanent flange joints were inspected, gasket mat'l verified & properly
torqued.
12. Drains shall be provided at all low points of the piping system.
13. Vents and drain valves, both temporary and permanent, conforms with the piping
class or rating.
14. Supports are installed. Additional temporary support may be installed as required.
15. Expansion joints and spring hangers or spring supports are provided with
temporary restraints.
16. Arc strikes, gouges, and other indications of careless workmanship (such as
surface porosity, uneven weld profiles, and undercut) shall be removed by
grinding and inspected by magnetic particle or liquid penetrant method.
17. Drains are provided immediately above check valves (vertical lines)
18. All threaded joints up to the first block valve of hydrocarbon pipeline are seal
welded. Thread engagement has been verified & accepted.
19. The pressure testing manifold is separately pressure tested to at least 1.2 times
the system test pressure but not less than the discharge pressure of the pump
used for the pressure testing.
20. Line compliance with Isometrics:
i. Correct Materials utilized grade/schedule (Bill of Materials)
ii. Correct flange and fittings rating
iii. Construction tolerances per SAES-L-350
9. Weep hole size shall be drilled for dummy pipe support will be ________mm
Weep hole shall be located near base plate for all vertical dummy pipe support & near
run pipe at 6’O clock position for horizontal dummy. (SAES-L-350 & L-310)
10. Write any 2 types of piping supports?
Shoe, Spring loaded, resting, weer pad,
11. Line class 103CS3C is listed on the Isometric Drawing. Explain each________
1 03 CS 3 C
Raised face Flange rating 300 Carbon steel C.A-4.5mm Caustic
As per SAES-L-105.
12. What type of connection is acceptable for a 24” header, 12” branch?
Weldolet or welded branch with reinforcement pad as per SAES-L-110 Chart 1.
13. How many minimum Pressure gauges to be installed during hydro test?
Two as SAES-A-004.
14. Relief valve calibration period would be___________
Two week as per SAES-A-004.
15. What is a PIP?
Process industry practices
16. Name the different types of Service Conditions?
NFS :- Normal services, Category M, Category D, High pressure fluid services(ASME-

B31.3)
17. How do you verify (name several items to check) that the correct piping material
is used?
Material specification, Pipe size, schedule, length, flange face rating, olet size rating,
threaded/socket weld type, MTC, PMI report.
18. How do you identify fittings and flanges?
By material classification, size, rating, joint type (lap, socket, threaded, butt), face;
19. How do you check piping for the correct schedule?

Verify pipe material thickness by Vernier at end or UT on surface or stenciling done by
manufacturer (visual) or heat number, traceability by MTC of product.
20. What is the standard mill tolerance for piping 2’’ & less?
12% of nominal wall thickness
21. What is the tolerance for ovality of piping?
5% of nominal diameter at any cross section other than weld end & 3% at weld end as
per SAES-L-350
22. What are jackscrews and when are they required?
Used in flange joint assemblies which often require frequent separation includes orifice
plate, spectacle plates, spacers, screens, and drop out spools shall be provided with
jack screw to facilities separation and opening for maintenance. When flange
separations are used, jackscrews are not required. Jackscrews shall be installed to be
accessible from both sides of the pipe. For orifice flanges, jack screws shall be
installed at 3 & 9 o’ clock positions.(SAES-L-310)
23. What is often overlooked during orifice flange fabrication?

24.
 Inside surface of welded joints at @ orifice flanges shall be ground & machined
smooth (SAES-L-350)
 Orientation of taps are as per SAES-J-0001
 All parallel pipelines with adjacent orifice fittings shall have a min spacing of 300
mm (12 in) between flanges outside diameters if horizontal taps are required.
Where this spacing is not practical follow SAES-J-0001.
Orifice flanges in adjacent lines shall be staggered so that no two pairs of orifice
flanges are less than 1 m(3ft) apart.
25. What is the maximum diameter piping allowed in hazardous service?
Socket weld:- 2” for maintenance & minor modification & 1-½” for new construction
Threaded:- 1-½” for standard fitting & valve, and 2” maximum when required for
maintenance, minor field minor modification of existing piping system(SAES-L-110)
26. What is the minimum sized piping that can be installed on pipe racks?
Dia 1” Inches
27. Can Teflon tape be used prior to seal welding?

No, (SAES-L-110)
28. How many threads can be visible after seal welding threaded joints?
No, should cover all exposed threads (SAES-W-011)
29. What is the gap requirement for socket welds for new construction?
1.5mm-3mm (ASME B31.3)
30. Give examples of unique support details that allow piping freedom of movement
for thermal expansion?
Guide support, moving saddle support, Expansion ballons, shoe support, Spring
loaded
31. When will you apply 24 hours recorded hydro test?
If for justifiable safety reasons the UG line must be backfilled, then the joints shall
remain exposed during testing, otherwise the test shall be a 24 hour recorded test.
(SAES-L-150)
32. Difference between carbon steel and stainless steel?
CS:- Low cost, no chromium content, suitable for non-corrosive service upto 350
degree C, max carbon 0.3%.
SS:- Contains more than 12% Cr, 0.08% C, Suitable for corrosive, cryogenic, High
temp services, costly.
33. Difference between RT & UT?
RT:- Uses X-ray or Gamma ray to detect discontinuities, reveals mostly volumetric.
planar defects & subsurface defects not detectable easily
UT:-Uses ultrasonic beam to detect discontinuities reveals both planar & volumetric
defects, but size & exact location of defects are not easily identifiable. Possible only on
materials that do not defract UT waves.
34. Difference between PT & MT?
MT:- Only Applicable for ferromagnetic materials & able to detect both surface & sub
surface discontinuities, compare to PT examination it takes less time for testing &
inspection; Applicable for large temp range.
PT:- Applicable for both ferromagnetic & non ferromagnetic materials & able t detect
only surface discontinuities, It requires more time; Applicable for small temp range.
35. How do you control material in fabrication shop?

1) All materials shall have material specification and grade stamped or stenciled &
clearly marked with permanent marker.
2) All materials heat no. will be made traceable to MTC from approved vendor & no
material substitution will be done without proper approval from company.
3) All materials shall be stored & stacked separately as per material grade.
4) Heat no. shall be transferred before cutting onto pipes that have to be cut.
5) All materials shall be color coded as per traceability procedure
36. Write inspection items during valves installation?
1. Valve type correct at location

2. Valve test certificate
3. Valve tag as per P&ID
4. Valve direction of flow as per P&ID
5. Gasket bolts as per isometric & type
6. Handle direction
7. Chain wheel installed
8. Valve flange face condition

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Lesson 3 Piping Inspector Q & A

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Prepared by Tehseen Iqbal Lodhi

1. What are the main duties of the piping inspector?

2. How many types of gaskets do you know?

Full face (Asbestos)

4. What type of information do you get from Isometric drawings?

5. What type of codes and standards do you use as a piping inspector?

ASME B31.3, ASME B31.1, ASME B31.5, ASME B31.9;

6. What are the types of Valves?

1. All hot work shall be completed

Shoe, Spring loaded, resting, weer pad,

Weldolet or welded branch with reinforcement pad as per SAES-L-110 Chart 1.

14. Relief valve calibration period would be___________

Two week as per SAES-A-004.

15. What is a PIP?

Process industry practices

16. Name the different types of Service Conditions?

NFS :- Normal services, Category M, Category D, High pressure fluid services(ASME-

18. How do you identify fittings and flanges?

19. How do you check piping for the correct schedule?

12% of nominal wall thickness

21. What is the tolerance for ovality of piping?

22. What are jackscrews and when are they required?

23. What is often overlooked during orifice flange fabrication?

25. What is the maximum diameter piping allowed in hazardous service?

27. Can Teflon tape be used prior to seal welding?

No, should cover all exposed threads (SAES-W-011)

1.5mm-3mm (ASME B31.3)

31. When will you apply 24 hours recorded hydro test?

32. Difference between carbon steel and stainless steel?

33. Difference between RT & UT?

34. Difference between PT & MT?

35. How do you control material in fabrication shop?

36. Write inspection items during valves installation?

1. Valve type correct at location

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