Chapter 9 Quiz
Chapter 9 Quiz
Chapter 9 Quiz
Student: ___________________________________________________________________________
1. Varying the true mean is a movement along the power curve, not a shift in the curve.
True False
3. A null hypothesis is rejected when the calculated p-value is less than the critical value of the test statistic.
True False
5. Holding other factors constant, it is harder to reject the null hypothesis when conducting a two-tailed test
rather than a one-tailed test.
True False
6. In a right-tailed test, the null hypothesis is rejected when the value of the test statistic exceeds the critical
value.
True False
7. For a given level of significance, the critical value of Student's t increases as n increases.
True False
8. A two-tailed hypothesis test for H0: = 15 at = .10 is analogous to asking if a 90% confidence interval for
contains 15.
True False
9. For a given Ho and level of significance, if you reject the Ho for a one tailed-test, you would also reject Ho for
a two-tailed test.
True False
10. The probability of rejecting a true null hypothesis is the significance level of the test.
True False
11. In graphing power curves, there is a different power curve for each sample size n.
True False
12. For a mean, the test statistic value should be near zero if the null hypothesis is true.
True False
13. When your sample size increases, the chance of both Type I and Type II error will increase.
True False
14. For a sample of 9 items, the critical value of Student's t for a left-tailed test of a mean at = .05 is - 1.860.
True False
15. The height of the power curve shows the probability of accepting a true null hypothesis.
True False
16. The critical value of a hypothesis test is based on the researcher's selected level of significance.
True False
17. To test the hypothesis H0: = .0125 using a sample size of 160, it is safe to assume normality because the
sample is large.
True False
18. In the hypothesis H0: = 0, the value of 0 is derived from the sample.
True False
19. Other things being equal, a smaller standard deviation implies higher power.
True False
20. Increasing the sample size shifts the power curve upward, ceteris paribus.
True False
21. A Type II error can only occur when you fail to reject Ho.
True False
22. When the probability of a Type I error increases, the probability of a Type II error must decrease, ceteris
paribus.
True False
24. Guidelines for the Jolly Blue Giant Health Insurance Company say that the average hospitalization for a
triple hernia operation should not exceed 30 hours. A diligent auditor studied records of 16 randomly chosen
triple hernia operations at Hackmore Hospital, and found a mean hospital stay of 40 hours with a standard
deviation of 20 hours. "Aha!" she cried, "The average stay exceeds the guideline." The value of the test statistic
for her hypothesis is
A. 2.080
B. 0.481
C. 1.866
D. 2.000
25. "I believe your airplane's engine is sound," states the mechanic. "I've been over it carefully, and can't see
anything wrong. I'd be happy to tear the engine down completely for an internal inspection at a cost of $1,500.
But I believe that engine roughness you heard in the engine on your last flight was probably just a bit of water
in the fuel which passed harmlessly through the engine and is now gone." As the pilot considers the mechanic's
hypothesis, the cost of Type I error is
A. the pilot will experience the thrill of no-engine flight.
B. the pilot will be out $1,500 unnecessarily.
C. the mechanic will lose a good customer.
D. impossible to determine without knowing .
26. After testing a hypothesis regarding the mean, we decided not to reject H0. Thus, we are exposed to
A. Type I error.
B. Type II error.
C. Either Type I or Type II error.
D. Neither Type I nor Type II error.
27. A study over a 10-year period showed that a certain mammogram test had a 50 percent rate of false
positives. This indicates that
A. about half the tests indicated cancer.
B. about half the tests missed a cancer that exists.
C. about half the tests showed a cancer that didn't exist.
D. about half the women tested actually had no cancer.
28. Dullco Manufacturing claims that its alkaline batteries last at least forty hours on average in a certain type of
portable CD player. But tests on a random sample of 18 batteries from a day's large production run showed a
mean battery life of 37.8 hours with a standard deviation of 5.4 hours. To test DullCo's hypothesis, the test
statistic is
A. -1.980
B. -1.728
C. -2.101
D. -1.960
32. The process that produces Sonora Bars (a type of candy) is intended to produce bars with a mean weight of
56 gm. The process standard deviation is known to be 0.77 gm. A random sample of 49 candy bars yields a
mean weight of 55.82 gm. Find the p-value for a test to see whether the candy bars are smaller than they are
supposed to be.
A. between .05 and .10
B. between .025 and .05
C. between .01 and .025
D. less than .01
34. In a two-tailed test, a statistician got a z test statistic of 1.469. What is the p-value?
A. .0708
B. .1416
C. .0874
D. .0301
35. High power in a hypothesis test about one sample mean is likely to be associated with
A. small sample size.
B. low .
C. large .
D. small .
36. When testing the hypothesis H0: = 100 with n = 100 and 2 = 100, we find that the sample mean is 97.
The test statistic is
A. -3.00
B. -10.00
C. -0.300
D. -0.030
38. A sample of 16 ATM transactions shows a mean transaction time of 67 seconds with a standard deviation of
12 seconds. Find the test statistic to decide whether the mean transaction time exceeds 60 seconds.
A. 1.457
B. 2.037
C. 2.333
D. 1.848
39. Given a normal distribution with = 3, we want to test the hypothesis H0: = 20. We find that the sample
mean is 21. The test statistic is
A. 1.000.
B. 1.645.
C. 1.960.
D. impossible to find without more information.
40. For a given sample size, when we increase the probability of Type I error, the probability of a Type II error
A. remains unchanged.
B. increases.
C. decreases.
D. is impossible to determine without more information.
41. The researcher's null hypothesis is H0: 2 22. A sample of n = 25 items yields a sample variance of s2 =
28.5. The critical value of chi-square for a right-tailed test at = .05 is
A. 1.960
B. 1.645
C. 13.85
D. 36.42
42. In the nation of Gondor, the EPA requires that half the new cars sold will meet a certain particulate emission
standard a year later. A sample of 64 one-year old cars revealed that only 24 met the particulate emission
standard. The test statistic to see whether the proportion is below the requirement is
A. -1.645
B. -2.066
C. -2.000
D. -1.96
43. You are driving a van packed with camping gear (total weight 3,500 pounds including yourself and family)
into a northern wilderness area. You take a "short cut" which turns into a one-lane road, with no room to turn
around. After 11 miles you come to a narrow bridge with a faded sign saying "Safe Up to 2 Tons". About a
half-mile ahead, you can see that your road rejoins the main highway. You consider the sign's hypothesis
carefully before making a decision. The cost of Type I error is
A. you pass safely over the bridge and everyone's happy.
B. about $23,900, not including medical bills.
C. you will find out just how cold that river actually is.
D. your kids will think you're a chicken.
44. For a sample size of n = 100, and = 10, we want to test the hypothesis H0: = 100. The sample mean is
103. The test statistic is
A. 1.645
B. 1.960
C. 3.000
D. 0.300
46. A sample of 16 ATM transactions shows a mean transaction time of 67 seconds with a standard deviation of
12 seconds. Find the critical value to test whether the mean transaction time exceeds 60 seconds at = .01.
A. 2.947
B. 2.602
C. 2.583
D. 2.333
47. For a right-tailed test of a hypothesis for a population mean with n = 14, the value of the test statistic was
1.863. The p-value is
A. between .05 and .025.
B. between .10 and .05.
C. greater than .10.
D. less than .01.
48. Why is it better to say "fail to reject H0" instead of "accept H0?"
49. Mary examined a random sample of Friday withdrawals from a college campus ATM. She hypothesized
that the mean was less than $100. The results shown below are from MegaStat. What would Mary conclude
from this test? Explain carefully.
50. Bob hypothesizes that the average student at his university has to take more than 130 credits to graduate. He
takes a random sample of his classmates, and performs a test. The results shown below are from MegaStat.
What would Bob conclude from this test? Explain carefully.
Chapter 9 Key
1. Varying the true mean is a movement along the power curve, not a shift in the curve.
TRUE
3. A null hypothesis is rejected when the calculated p-value is less than the critical value of the test statistic.
FALSE
6. In a right-tailed test, the null hypothesis is rejected when the value of the test statistic exceeds the critical
value.
TRUE
7. For a given level of significance, the critical value of Student's t increases as n increases.
FALSE
8. A two-tailed hypothesis test for H0: = 15 at = .10 is analogous to asking if a 90% confidence interval for
contains 15.
TRUE
10. The probability of rejecting a true null hypothesis is the significance level of the test.
TRUE
11. In graphing power curves, there is a different power curve for each sample size n.
TRUE
12. For a mean, the test statistic value should be near zero if the null hypothesis is true.
TRUE
14. For a sample of 9 items, the critical value of Student's t for a left-tailed test of a mean at = .05 is - 1.860.
TRUE
15. The height of the power curve shows the probability of accepting a true null hypothesis.
FALSE
16. The critical value of a hypothesis test is based on the researcher's selected level of significance.
TRUE
18. In the hypothesis H0: = 0, the value of 0 is derived from the sample.
FALSE
19. Other things being equal, a smaller standard deviation implies higher power.
TRUE
20. Increasing the sample size shifts the power curve upward, ceteris paribus.
TRUE
22. When the probability of a Type I error increases, the probability of a Type II error must decrease, ceteris
paribus.
TRUE
24. Guidelines for the Jolly Blue Giant Health Insurance Company say that the average hospitalization for a
triple hernia operation should not exceed 30 hours. A diligent auditor studied records of 16 randomly chosen
triple hernia operations at Hackmore Hospital, and found a mean hospital stay of 40 hours with a standard
deviation of 20 hours. "Aha!" she cried, "The average stay exceeds the guideline." The value of the test statistic
for her hypothesis is
A. 2.080
B. 0.481
C. 1.866
D. 2.000
26. After testing a hypothesis regarding the mean, we decided not to reject H0. Thus, we are exposed to
A. Type I error.
B. Type II error.
C. Either Type I or Type II error.
D. Neither Type I nor Type II error.
27. A study over a 10-year period showed that a certain mammogram test had a 50 percent rate of false
positives. This indicates that
A. about half the tests indicated cancer.
B. about half the tests missed a cancer that exists.
C. about half the tests showed a cancer that didn't exist.
D. about half the women tested actually had no cancer.
30. The researcher's null hypothesis is H0: 2 = 420. A sample of n = 18 items yields a sample variance of s2 =
512. The critical values of chi-square for a two-tailed test at = .05 are
A. 8.672 and 27.59
B. 7.564 and 30.19
C. -1.960 and + 1.960
D. 9.390 and 28.87
32. The process that produces Sonora Bars (a type of candy) is intended to produce bars with a mean weight of
56 gm. The process standard deviation is known to be 0.77 gm. A random sample of 49 candy bars yields a
mean weight of 55.82 gm. Find the p-value for a test to see whether the candy bars are smaller than they are
supposed to be.
A. between .05 and .10
B. between .025 and .05
C. between .01 and .025
D. less than .01
35. High power in a hypothesis test about one sample mean is likely to be associated with
A. small sample size.
B. low .
C. large .
D. small .
36. When testing the hypothesis H0: = 100 with n = 100 and 2 = 100, we find that the sample mean is 97.
The test statistic is
A. -3.00
B. -10.00
C. -0.300
D. -0.030
38. A sample of 16 ATM transactions shows a mean transaction time of 67 seconds with a standard deviation of
12 seconds. Find the test statistic to decide whether the mean transaction time exceeds 60 seconds.
A. 1.457
B. 2.037
C. 2.333
D. 1.848
39. Given a normal distribution with = 3, we want to test the hypothesis H0: = 20. We find that the sample
mean is 21. The test statistic is
A. 1.000.
B. 1.645.
C. 1.960.
D. impossible to find without more information.
41. The researcher's null hypothesis is H0: 2 22. A sample of n = 25 items yields a sample variance of s2 =
28.5. The critical value of chi-square for a right-tailed test at = .05 is
A. 1.960
B. 1.645
C. 13.85
D. 36.42
42. In the nation of Gondor, the EPA requires that half the new cars sold will meet a certain particulate emission
standard a year later. A sample of 64 one-year old cars revealed that only 24 met the particulate emission
standard. The test statistic to see whether the proportion is below the requirement is
A. -1.645
B. -2.066
C. -2.000
D. -1.96
44. For a sample size of n = 100, and = 10, we want to test the hypothesis H0: = 100. The sample mean is
103. The test statistic is
A. 1.645
B. 1.960
C. 3.000
D. 0.300
47. For a right-tailed test of a hypothesis for a population mean with n = 14, the value of the test statistic was
1.863. The p-value is
A. between .05 and .025.
B. between .10 and .05.
C. greater than .10.
D. less than .01.
48. Why is it better to say "fail to reject H0" instead of "accept H0?"
If the sample evidence is insufficient to reject H0, a different sample could lead to rejection of H0. Thus, we
must allow the possibility that H0 could be rejected at a later time, or that a different researcher might get a
different result. Although a sample could contradict H0 strongly enough to make H0 seem to be false, there is no
way to show conclusively that it is true. That said, many hypotheses are provisionally accepted because they
have never been proved false, despite rigorous efforts to do so.
The t-value is within one standard error of zero, indicating that the sample mean does not differ very much from
the hypothesized mean. The p-value says that a sample mean such as this might be expected about 25 times in
100 samples by chance alone, assuming that the true mean is $100, so the sample mean of $85.88 does not
convincing us to reject the hypothesis that = 100 even at = .10. A t-test is used since the population standard
deviation is unknown.
50. Bob hypothesizes that the average student at his university has to take more than 130 credits to graduate. He
takes a random sample of his classmates, and performs a test. The results shown below are from MegaStat.
What would Bob conclude from this test? Explain carefully.
The t-value is almost two standard errors above zero, indicating that the sample mean differs quite a lot from the
hypothesized mean of 130. The p-value says that a sample mean such as this might be expected about 1 or 2
times in 100 samples by chance, assuming that the true mean is 130, so the sample would convince us to reject
the hypothesis that = 130 at = .025 but not quite at = .01. A t-test is used since the population standard
deviation is unknown.
Category # of Questions
AACSB: Analytical skills 50
Bloom's Taxonomy: Application & analysis 28
Bloom's Taxonomy: Knowledge & understanding 19
Bloom's Taxonomy: Synthesis & evaluation 3
Difficulty: Easy 8
Difficulty: Hard 4
Difficulty: Medium 38
Doane - Chapter 09 50
Learning Objective: Define Type I error; Type II error; and power. 12
Learning Objective: Do a hypothesis test for a mean with known using z. 7
Learning Objective: Do a hypothesis test for a mean with unknown using t. 6
Learning Objective: Do a hypothesis test for a proportion and find the p-value. 4
Learning Objective: Do a hypothesis test for a variance (optional). 2
Learning Objective: Explain the difference between H0 and H1. 1
Learning Objective: Find critical values of z or t in tables or by using Excel. 4
Learning Objective: Formulate a null and alternative hypothesis for µ or . 1
Learning Objective: Interpret a power curve or OC curve (optional). 8
Learning Objective: Use tables or Excel to find the p-value in tests of µ. 5
Topic: Hypothesis tests - general 6
Topic: Hypothesis tests - one mean 14
Topic: Hypothesis tests - one proportion 5
Topic: Hypothesis tests - one variance 2
Topic: P-values 5
Topic: Power 8
Topic: Type I and II error 10