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    Lecture-13 CT Fourier Series PDF

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    Adnan Karim
    This document discusses Fourier series representation of periodic signals. It begins by introducing Fourier series as an alternative representation for periodic signals and linear time-invariant (LTI) systems using linear combinations of complex exponentials. It then describes how complex exponentials have desirable properties as a set of basic signals, including representing large classes of signals and having a particularly simple response to LTI systems. The document proceeds to explain how complex exponentials act as eigenfunctions of LTI systems and can be used to decompose signals. It concludes by defining a Fourier series as an expansion of a periodic function in terms of sines and cosines, and discusses how to find the Fourier coefficients that define the series.

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    © All Rights Reserved
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    Lecture-13 CT Fourier Series PDF

    Uploaded by

    Adnan Karim
    72 views16 pages
    This document discusses Fourier series representation of periodic signals. It begins by introducing Fourier series as an alternative representation for periodic signals and linear time-invariant (LTI) systems using linear combinations of complex exponentials. It then describes how complex exponentials have desirable properties as a set of basic signals, including representing large classes of signals and having a particularly simple response to LTI systems. The document proceeds to explain how complex exponentials act as eigenfunctions of LTI systems and can be used to decompose signals. It concludes by defining a Fourier series as an expansion of a periodic function in terms of sines and cosines, and discusses how to find the Fourier coefficients that define the series.

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    This document discusses Fourier series representation of periodic signals. It begins by introducing Fourier series as an alternative representation for periodic signals and linear time-invariant (LTI) systems using linear combinations of complex exponentials. It then describes how complex exponentials have desirable properties as a set of basic signals, including representing large classes of signals and having a particularly simple response to LTI systems. The document proceeds to explain how complex exponentials act as eigenfunctions of LTI systems and can be used to decompose signals. It concludes by defining a Fourier series as an expansion of a periodic function in terms of sines and cosines, and discusses how to find the Fourier coefficients that define the series.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    72 views16 pages

    Lecture-13 CT Fourier Series PDF

    Uploaded by

    Adnan Karim
    This document discusses Fourier series representation of periodic signals. It begins by introducing Fourier series as an alternative representation for periodic signals and linear time-invariant (LTI) systems using linear combinations of complex exponentials. It then describes how complex exponentials have desirable properties as a set of basic signals, including representing large classes of signals and having a particularly simple response to LTI systems. The document proceeds to explain how complex exponentials act as eigenfunctions of LTI systems and can be used to decompose signals. It concludes by defining a Fourier series as an expansion of a periodic function in terms of sines and cosines, and discusses how to find the Fourier coefficients that define the series.

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    You are on page 1of 16

    FOURIER SERIES

    REPRESENTATION OF
    PERIODIC SIGNALS
    Fourier Series Representation
    ➢ LTI systems are based on representing signals as linear
    combinations of shifted impulses

    ➢ We now examine an alternative representation for signals and LTI


    systems - as linear combinations of a set of complex exponentials
    which form a set of basic signals

    ➢ The resulting representations are known as CT and DT Fourier


    series and transforms

    ➢ First we focus on CT and DT periodic signals, with a representation


    known as Fourier series

    ➢ In later lectures we extend the analysis to the Fourier transform


    representation of aperiodic, finite energy signals
    Slide Credit: Dr. Salman Abdul Ghafoor
    Set of Basic Signals

    ➢ What are the desirable characteristics of a set of basic


    signals?

    1. We can represent large and useful classes of signals using


    these building blocks

    2. The response of LTI systems to these basic signals is


    particularly simple and useful

    Slide Credit: Dr. Salman Abdul Ghafoor


    Set of Basic Signals
    ➢ Both of the desirable properties are provided by the set of
    complex exponential signals in continuous and discrete time

    ➢ Signals of the form est in continuous time And zn in discrete time

    ➢ Where s and z are complex numbers.

    ➢ Previous focus: Unit samples and impulses

    ➢ New Focus: Eigenfunctions of all LTI systems


    Slide Credit: Dr. Salman Abdul Ghafoor
    Response of LTI Systems to Complex Exponentials
    ➢ For every operator, there is a set of functions which after the
    operator is applied, produces the same function multiplied by a
    constant factor

    ➢ Such a function is called the eigenfunction of the operator, and


    the constant modifier is called its corresponding eigenvalue

    ➢ An eigenvalue is just a number: Real or complex

    ➢ The response of an LTI system to a complex exponential input is


    the same complex exponential with only a change of amplitude,
    that is:

    Slide Credit: Dr. Salman Abdul Ghafoor


    Eigenfunctions Φk(t) and Their Properties

    Slide Credit: Dr. Salman Abdul Ghafoor


    Complex Exponentials as Eigenfunctions of LTI
    Systems

    Slide Credit: Dr. Salman Abdul Ghafoor


    Complex Exponentials as Eigenfunctions of LTI
    Systems

    Slide Credit: Dr. Salman Abdul Ghafoor


    Decomposing Signals in Terms of Eigenfunctions

    Slide Credit: Dr. Salman Abdul Ghafoor


    Eigenvalues and Eigenfunctions

    • Show that the complex exponential is an


    eigenfunction and find its eigenvalue

    Slide Credit: Dr. Salman Abdul Ghafoor


    What is a Fourier Series
    ➢ A Fourier series is an expansion of a periodic function in terms of
    an infinite sum of sines and cosines

    ➢ The computation and study of Fourier series is known as harmonic


    analysis

    ➢ Harmonic analysis is extremely useful as a way to break up an


    arbitrary periodic function into a set of simple terms

    ➢ The set of simple terms can be solved individually, and then


    recombined to obtain the solution to the original problem or an
    approximation to it to whatever accuracy is desired or practical

    Slide Credit: Dr. Salman Abdul Ghafoor


    What is a Fourier Series
    ➢ Fourier analysis relates the function's time domain, shown in red,
    to the function's frequency domain, shown in blue

    Slide Credit: Dr. Salman Abdul Ghafoor


    How Do We Find the Fourier Coefficients

    Slide Credit: Dr. Salman Abdul Ghafoor


    How Do We Find the Fourier Coefficients

    Slide Credit: Dr. Salman Abdul Ghafoor


    How Do We Find the Fourier Coefficients

    Slide Credit: Dr. Salman Abdul Ghafoor


    END

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