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DSP Lab 1 Task

The document contains outputs from various digital signal processing lab experiments. It includes outputs for different lengths of a moving average filter (M=2,4,8,9,30) and different input signal frequencies, showing how the output is distorted for different parameters. It also shows outputs for a two input signal system using different filter coefficients and delays, demonstrating the system is linear and time invariant as the difference between actual and theoretical outputs is very small.

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Muhammad Anas
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97 views

DSP Lab 1 Task

The document contains outputs from various digital signal processing lab experiments. It includes outputs for different lengths of a moving average filter (M=2,4,8,9,30) and different input signal frequencies, showing how the output is distorted for different parameters. It also shows outputs for a two input signal system using different filter coefficients and delays, demonstrating the system is linear and time invariant as the difference between actual and theoretical outputs is very small.

Uploaded by

Muhammad Anas
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 18

Lab task outputs:-

Output of P1_1:-

Output of P1_2:-

Digital Signal Processing Lab Page 1


Output of P1_3:-

Output of P1_4:-

Digital Signal Processing Lab Page 2


Output of P1_5:-

Output of P1_6:-

Digital Signal Processing Lab Page 3


Output of P1_7:-

Output of P1_8:- when M=4,

Digital Signal Processing Lab Page 4


Answer no. 01):-

Code in command window:-

%program P1_8
%Generte the input signal
n=0:100;
s1=cos(2*pi*0.05*n);
s2=cos(2*pi*0.47*n);
x=s1+s2;
M=input('Desired length of filter=');
num=ones(1,M);
y=filter(num,1,x)/M;
subplot(221);
plot(n,s1);
axis([0,100,-2,2]);
xlabel('Time index n');
ylabel('Amplitude');
title('signal #1');
grid on;
subplot(222);
plot(n,s2);
axis([0,100,-2,2]);
xlabel('Time index n');
ylabel('Amplitude');
title('signal #2');
grid on;
subplot(223);
plot(n,x);
axis([0,100,-2,2]);
xlabel('Time index n');
ylabel('Amplitude');
title('Input signal');
grid on;
subplot(224);
plot(n,y);
axis([0,100,-2,2]);
xlabel('Time index n');
ylabel('Amplitude');
title('output signal');
grid on;
Comments:-
In this simulation when Desired signal=2 , put as length , we see that , the signal with high
frequency is compressed/suppressed i.e. s2[n], Because the property of Moving Average
System/Filter is to remove high frequencies of input signal.
Output:- when M=2,

Digital Signal Processing Lab Page 5


Answer no. 02):-
Code in command window:-
close all
clear all
clc
n = 0:40;
D = 10;
a = 3.0;
b = -2;
s1 = cos(2*pi*0.1*n);
s2 = cos(2*pi*0.4*n);
x = s1+s2;
num = [0.5 0.5];
dem = [1];
%ic = [0,0];
y = filter(num, dem, x);
subplot(4,1,1);
stem(n,y);
ylabel('Amplitude');
title('output y[n]');
subplot(4,1,2);
stem(n,x);
title('input x[n]');
subplot(413)
num1 = [0.5 -0.5];
dem1 = [1 0];
y1 = filter(num1, dem1, x);
stem(n,y1);
ylabel('Amplitude');
title('output y[n]' );

Digital Signal Processing Lab Page 6


grid;
subplot(414);
stem(n,x);
title ('input x[n]');
grid;
comment:-
There is no effect on input x[n] = s1[n] + s2[n], either the output is y[n] = 0.5(x[n]
+ x[n - 1]) or output is y[n] = 0.5(x[n] - x[n - 1]), as in figure below.

Answer no. 03):-


Code in command window:-
n=0:100;
s1=cos(2*pi*0.05*n);
s2=cos(2*pi*0.47*n);
x=s1+s2;
M=input('Desired length of filter=');
num=ones(1,M);
y=filter(num,1,x)/M;
subplot(221);
plot(n,s1);
axis([0,100,-2,2]);
xlabel('Time index n');
ylabel('Amplitude');
title('signal #1');
grid on;
subplot(222);
plot(n,s2);
axis([0,100,-2,2]);
xlabel('Time index n');

Digital Signal Processing Lab Page 7


ylabel('Amplitude');
title('signal #2');
grid on;
subplot(223);
plot(n,x);
axis([0,100,-2,2]);
xlabel('Time index n');
ylabel('Amplitude');
title('Input signal');
grid on;
subplot(224);
plot(n,y);
axis([0,100,-2,2]);
xlabel('Time index n');
ylabel('Amplitude');
title('output signal');
grid on;

Output:- when M=2, s1 frequency = 0.05, s2 frequency = 0.47,

Output:- when m=9, s1 frequency = 0.05, s2 frequeny = 0.47,

Digital Signal Processing Lab Page 8


Output:- when m=8, s1 frequency = 0.07, s2 frequeny = 0.67,

Digital Signal Processing Lab Page 9


Output:- when M=9, s1 frequency = 0.05, s2 frequency = 0.60,

Output:- when m=30, s1 frequency = 0.05, s2 frequency = 0.85,

Digital Signal Processing Lab Page 10


Comment:-
Upon changing both M length and frequencies of input, the signal becomes more “ distorted ”,
shown in above graphs.
But, when we fix frequencies , increase only M, output signal approaches to zero, shown in
figure, for M=30.

Answer no. 04):-


Code in command window:-

clear all
close all
clc
n=0:40;
f=0.1;
phase=0;
A=1;
x=A*cos(2*pi*f*n - phase);
stem(n,x,'r');
axis([0 40 -2 2]);
grid on;
title('sinosuidal sequence');
xlabel('time index');
ylabel('amplitude');

Code output:- when f=0.1,

Digital Signal Processing Lab Page 11


Code output:- when f=0.2,

Code ouput:- when f=0.5,

Digital Signal Processing Lab Page 12


Code output:- when f=1,

Explaination:-

Digital Signal Processing Lab Page 13


When the frequency of sinusoid increases I observe that the discrete samples of “ cosine
sinusoid ” goes simpler and changing highly on little change in frequencies. And when the f=1,
graph is shown in above figure, becomes samples of equal height i.e. 1.5.

Answer no. 05):-


Code in command window:-

close all
clear all
clc
n = 0:40;
a = 2;
b = -3;
x1 = cos(2*pi*0.1*n);
x2 = cos(2*pi*0.4*n);
x = a*x1 + b*x2;
num = [2.24 2.49 2.24];
dem = [1 0.4 0.75];
ic = [0,0];
y1 = filter(num, dem, x1, ic);
y2 = filter(num, dem, x2, ic);
y = filter(num, dem, x, ic);
yt = a*y1 + b*y2;
d = y - yt;
subplot(3,1,1);
stem(n,y);
ylabel('Amplitude');
title('Output due to weighted input: a\cdot x_{1}[n] + b \cdot x_{2}[n]');
subplot(3,1,2);
stem(n,yt);
ylabel('Amplitude');
title('Weighted Output: a \cdot y_{1}[n] + b \cdot y_{2}[n]' );
subplot(3,1,3);
stem(n,d);
ylabel('Amplitude');
xlabel('Time Difference');
title('Difference Signal');

Code output:-

Digital Signal Processing Lab Page 14


Comparison :-

By comparing both graphs, we conclude that , both the graphs are “ equal ” because there is
too small difference signal we get. And, the system is “ linear ” because of its initial conditions
i.e. zero , here.
Answer no. 07):-
Code in command window:-
close all
clear all
clc
n =0:40;
D = 10;
a = 3.0;
b = -2;
x = a*cos(2 *pi*0.1*n) + b*cos(2*pi*0.4*n);
xd=[zeros(1,D) x]
num=[2.2403 2.4908 2.2403]
den=[1 -0.4 0.75];
ic = [0 0]
y=filter(num,den,x,ic);
yd=filter(num,den,xd,ic);
d=y-yd(1+D :41+D);
subplot(311);
stem(n,y);
ylabel('Amplitde');

Digital Signal Processing Lab Page 15


title('output');
grid on;
subplot(311)
stem(n,y);
ylabel('Amplitube');
title('output y[n]');
grid on;
subplot(312);
stem(n,yd(1:41))
ylabel('amplitude');
title(['output due to delayed input x[n - ', num2str(D) ,']']);
grid;
subplot(313);
stem(n,d);
xlabel('Time index n');
ylabel('Amplitude');
title('difference Signal');
grid;

Code output:-

Relationship between sequences:-


The relation between two sequences is, when delayed input sequence is applied to a system
then the same effect of appears on output of system. No , error shown in difference signal
output, means this system is “ time invariant system”.

Digital Signal Processing Lab Page 16


Answer no. 08):-

Code in command window:-


close all
clear all
clc
n =0:40;
D = 10;
a = 3.0;
b = -2;
x = a*cos(2 *pi*0.1*n) + b*cos(2*pi*0.4*n);
xd=[zeros(1,D) x]
num=[n 1]
den=[1];
ic = 0*[0:40];
y=filter(num,den,x,ic);
yd=filter(num,den,xd,ic);
d=y-yd(1+D :41+D);
subplot(311);
stem(n,y);
ylabel('Amplitde');
title('output');
grid on;
subplot(311)
stem(n,y);
ylabel('Amplitube');
title('output y[n]');
grid on;
subplot(312);
stem(n,yd(1:41))
ylabel('amplitude');
title(['output due to delayed input x[n - ', num2str(D) ,']']);
grid;
subplot(313);
stem(n,d);
xlabel('Time index n');
ylabel('Amplitude');
title('difference Signal');
grid;

comment:-
the graph output shows that the system is time invariant and equal because no difference
signal is exist here.

Ouput:-

Digital Signal Processing Lab Page 17


Digital Signal Processing Lab Page 18

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