ProTesT Users Guide

ProTesT User Guide
Doble Engineering Company

85 Walnut Street
Watertown, Massachusetts 02472-4037
(USA)
PN 500-0220 72A-1585 Rev. C 8/02

This Manual is solely the property of the Doble Engineering Company
(Doble) and, along with the ProTesT software to which it applies, is
provided for the exclusive use of Doble Clients under contractual
agreement for Doble test equipment and services.
In no event does the Doble Engineering Company assume the liability for
any technical or editorial errors of commission or omission; nor is Doble
liable for direct, indirect, incidental, or consequential damages arising
out of the inability to use this Manual.
Government Restricted Rights Legend: Use, Duplication, or Disclosure
by the US Government is subject to restrictions as set forth in
subparagraphs (c) (1) and (c) (2) of the Commercial Computer
Software-Restricted Rights Clause at FAR 52.227-19.
This manual is protected by copyright, all rights reserved. No part of this
book shall be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted by
any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or
otherwise without written permission from the Doble Engineering
Company.
Doble, the Doble logo, ProTesT, F2000, and F6000 are trademarks of
Doble Engineering Company.
Microsoft, Windows, Windows 95, Windows 98 and Windows NT are
registered trademarks of Microsoft Corporation in the United States
and/or other countries. SQL Anywhere is a registered trademark of
Sybase Corporation.
Copyright  2002.
By Doble Engineering Company
All Rights Reserved
Warranty
Software Limited Doble warrants that: (i) for a period of one hundred twenty (120) days
Warranty from the date of shipment from Doble, the media on which the Software
is furnished will be free of defects in materials and workmanship under
normal use; and (ii) for a period of one year from the date of shipment
from Doble, the Software will perform in substantial conformance to its
published specifications. This limited warranty extends only to Customer
as the original licensee. Customer’s exclusive remedy and Doble’s entire
liability under this limited warranty will be, at Doble’s option, to repair
or replace the Software, or to refund a pro rata portion of the purchase
price. Doble makes no warranty or representation that its software
products will meet Customer’s requirements, that the operation of the
software products will be uninterrupted or error free, or that all defects in
the software products will be corrected.
This warranty does not apply if the software (a) has been altered, except
by Doble, (b) has not been installed, operated, repaired, or maintained in
accordance with instructions supplied by Doble, (c) has been subjected
to abnormal physical or electrical stress, misuse, negligence, or accident,
or (d) is used in ultrahazardous activities.
Disclaimer THE FOREGOING WARRANTIES AND REMEDIES ARE EXCLUSIVE
AND ARE IN LIEU OF ALL OTHER WARRANTIES, TERMS, OR
CONDITIONS, EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, WHETHER ALLEGED TO ARISE
BY LAW, BY REASON OF CUSTOM OR USAGE IN THE TRADE, OR BY
COURSE OF DEALING, INCLUDING WARRANTIES, TERMS, OR
CONDITIONS OF MERCHANTABILITY, FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR
PURPOSE, SATISFACTORY QUALITY, CORRESPONDENCE WITH
DESCRIPTION, AND NONINFRINGEMENT, ALL OF WHICH ARE
EXPRESSLY DISCLAIMED.
IN NO EVENT WILL DOBLE BE LIABLE FOR ANY LOST REVENUE,
PROFIT, OR DATA, OR FOR SPECIAL, INDIRECT, CONSEQUENTIAL,
INCIDENTAL, OR PUNITIVE DAMAGES HOWEVER CAUSED AND
REGARDLESS OF THE THEORY OF LIABILITY ARISING OUT OF THE
USE OF OR INABILITY TO USE THE SOFTWARE EVEN IF DOBLE HAS
BEEN ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGES. In no event
shall Doble’s liability to Customer, whether in contract, tort (including
negligence), or otherwise, exceed the price paid by Customer. The
foregoing limitations shall apply even if the above-stated warranty fails of
its essential purpose. SOME STATES DO NOT ALLOW LIMITATION OR
EXCLUSION OF LIABILITY OR CONSEQUENTIAL OR INCIDENTAL
DAMAGES.
Limitations of DOBLE’s entire liability and Purchaser’s exclusive remedy shall be:
Remedies 1. The replacement of any disks not meeting DOBLE’S “limited
warranty” which are returned to DOBLE.
2. If DOBLE is unable to deliver replacement disks which are free from
defects in materials and workmanship, Purchaser may terminate this
agreement. By returning the software product and all copies thereof
in any form and affirming compliance with this requirement in
writing, DOBLE will refund the purchase price.
IN NO EVENT WILL DOBLE BE LIABLE TO PURCHASER FOR ANY
DAMAGES, INCLUDING ANY LOST PROFITS, LOST SAVINGS OR
OTHER INCIDENTAL OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES ARISING OUT
OF THE USE OR INABILITY TO USE SUCH SOFTWARE PRODUCT,
EVEN IF DOBLE OR AN AUTHORIZED DEALER HAS BEEN ADVISED
OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGES, OR FOR ANY CLAIM BY
ANY OTHER PARTY.
Some states do not allow the limitation or exclusion of liability for
incidental or consequential damages, so the above limitation or
exclusion may not apply.
For Equipment Maintenance, contact:
Customer Service Manager (Extension 321)
Doble Engineering Company
85 Walnut Street
Watertown, MA 02472-4037 (USA)
Telephone: 617-926-4900
FAX: 617-926-0528
Email: customerservice@doble.com
Contents
Preface .......................................................................................................xxxix
Structure of this Manual ..............................................................................................xxxix
Document Conventions ................................................................................................... xl
Notes, Cautions, and Warnings ...................................................................................... xli
Safety ............................................................................................................................ xlii
1. Introducing ProTesT ..................................................................................1-1

About ProTesT...................................................................................................................... 1-1
ProTesT Macros .............................................................................................................. 1-3
ProTesT Plans ................................................................................................................. 1-3
Benefits .......................................................................................................................... 1-4
ProTesT Function Menus ...................................................................................................... 1-4
ProTesT Architecture ............................................................................................................ 1-7
Location Tree ....................................................................................................................... 1-7
Relay.................................................................................................................................... 1-7
Test Plan .............................................................................................................................. 1-7
ProTesT Macros.................................................................................................................... 1-8
2. Getting Started ..........................................................................................2-1

Hardware and Software Requirements.................................................................................. 2-1
Installation Procedure........................................................................................................... 2-1
Log In................................................................................................................................... 2-3
Password ........................................................................................................................ 2-4
Changing the Password................................................................................................... 2-4
ProTesT Main Screen ...................................................................................................... 2-5
Setup.................................................................................................................................... 2-6
F2 Instrument ................................................................................................................. 2-9
F6 Instrument ............................................................................................................... 2-10
Database Conversion ......................................................................................................... 2-11
Change Alert ................................................................................................................ 2-11
ProTesT III Databases.................................................................................................... 2-11
72A-1585 Rev. C 8/02 v

Contents
3. ProTesT Menu Commands ........................................................................ 3-1

Database Explorer................................................................................................................ 3-1
How to Select ProTesT Data........................................................................................... 3-3
How to Edit List View Data ............................................................................................ 3-3
Menu Commands ................................................................................................................ 3-4
Database Menu .............................................................................................................. 3-4
Edit Menu....................................................................................................................... 3-5
Macro Menu .................................................................................................................. 3-8
Setup Menu.................................................................................................................... 3-9
View Menu .................................................................................................................... 3-9
Tools Menu .................................................................................................................... 3-9
Doble Reports .............................................................................................................. 3-30
Window Menu ............................................................................................................. 3-34
Help Menu................................................................................................................... 3-34
Toolbar Summary......................................................................................................... 3-35
4. Creating a Relay Test Plan ......................................................................... 4-1

Organizing Databases.......................................................................................................... 4-1
Creating Test Plans ......................................................................................................... 4-1
Adding Relays ................................................................................................................ 4-2
Adding Test Plans........................................................................................................... 4-2
Finding Test Plans .......................................................................................................... 4-3
Verifying and Improving Test Plans ................................................................................ 4-3
Managing Test Data ....................................................................................................... 4-3
ProTesT Macros ................................................................................................................... 4-5
Macro Tables ................................................................................................................. 4-5
Selecting a Macro ...............................................................................................................4-11
Steady State Test........................................................................................................... 4-11
Dynamic State Test....................................................................................................... 4-12
Transient Test ............................................................................................................... 4-12
Constructing A Test Plan .................................................................................................... 4-13
Connection Table......................................................................................................... 4-14
Notebook ..................................................................................................................... 4-14
POWER Macro and BT Source ..................................................................................... 4-15
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Selecting a Test Macro ....................................................................................................... 4-15

CREEP .......................................................................................................................... 4-15
GO/NOGO .................................................................................................................. 4-16
Time Test...................................................................................................................... 4-16
Linear Ramp ................................................................................................................. 4-16
Inductive Pickup........................................................................................................... 4-20
Pulsed Ramp and Double Ramp ................................................................................... 4-20
Binary Search ............................................................................................................... 4-21
5. Running a Test ...........................................................................................5-1

Test Setup............................................................................................................................. 5-1
Connecting to the Relay.................................................................................................. 5-1
How to Connect Sense Leads.......................................................................................... 5-2
Run a Test ............................................................................................................................ 5-3
Connect to the Doble Instrument .................................................................................... 5-3
Verify Test Parameters .................................................................................................... 5-3
Test in Progress............................................................................................................... 5-3
Sense Check ................................................................................................................... 5-4
Action ............................................................................................................................ 5-4
Abort.................................................................................................................................... 5-4
Manual Abort ................................................................................................................. 5-4
Automatic Abort ............................................................................................................. 5-4
Autorun................................................................................................................................ 5-5
Autorun Delay ................................................................................................................ 5-5
Multi-run.............................................................................................................................. 5-5
New Test Results .................................................................................................................. 5-6
Prior Test Results .................................................................................................................. 5-6
6. Sense Input ................................................................................................6-1

Sense Assignment................................................................................................................. 6-1
Sense Input Filtering ............................................................................................................. 6-1
Sense Delay.................................................................................................................... 6-2
Sense Duration ............................................................................................................... 6-2
Should I Use Sense Delay or Sense Duration?................................................................. 6-3
Rules for Sense Delay and Sense Duration...................................................................... 6-3
72A-1585 Rev. C 8/02 vii

Contents
Appendix A. ProTesT Error Messages ............................................................A-1

ProTesT Run Time Errors...................................................................................................... A-1
Macro Execution Errors ........................................................................................................ A-2
F2000 Front Panel Diagnostic Codes ................................................................................... A-4
Internal F2000 Errors............................................................................................................ A-4
Computer Communication Errors......................................................................................... A-5
Waveform Control Diagnostics ............................................................................................ A-7
IEEE 488 Bus Communication Errors .................................................................................... A-7
F2000 Network Errors .................................................................................................... A-7
GPS Satellite Errors......................................................................................................... A-8
Transient Waveform Board Errors ................................................................................... A-9
DobleCol Command and Execution Errors ......................................................................... A-10
F6000 System Errors........................................................................................................... A-12
Appendix B. F6000 Control Panel ................................................................. B-1

Source Table........................................................................................................................ B-2
Ramp/Set Sources ................................................................................................................ B-5
Sources to Change.......................................................................................................... B-5
Variable to Change......................................................................................................... B-6
Control Arrows............................................................................................................... B-6
Mode and Ramp/Delta Step............................................................................................ B-7
Store and Recall ............................................................................................................. B-7
Phasor Diagram ................................................................................................................... B-8
Range Settings ................................................................................................................ B-8
Fault Rotate .................................................................................................................... B-9
Multiple Phasors........................................................................................................... B-10
Logic and Timer Settings .................................................................................................... B-12
Inputs Tab .................................................................................................................... B-12
Outputs Tab ................................................................................................................. B-14
Timers Tab ................................................................................................................... B-15
Notes Tab..................................................................................................................... B-22
Timers................................................................................................................................ B-23
Timing Status................................................................................................................ B-24
Timer Controls ............................................................................................................. B-24
Measurement Units ...................................................................................................... B-24
viii 72A-1585 Rev. C 8/02

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Input and Output Indicators ...............................................................................................B-25

Battery Simulator................................................................................................................B-27
Saving the F6000 Control Panel Configuration ...................................................................B-28
Summary............................................................................................................................B-28
Appendix C. ProTesT Macro Reference Guide ............................................. C-1

ASYNCH - Testing of Autosynchronizing Relay - A ProTesTPLAN .......................................C-1
Description.....................................................................................................................C-1
Operation .......................................................................................................................C-1
Use.................................................................................................................................C-2
Test Tab..........................................................................................................................C-5
Action Tab......................................................................................................................C-6
BSRHOI - Binary Search, Current - I ProTesTPLAN .............................................................C-9
Description.....................................................................................................................C-9
Operation .......................................................................................................................C-9
Use.................................................................................................................................C-9
Notes............................................................................................................................C-10
Test Tab........................................................................................................................C-10
Action Tab....................................................................................................................C-12
Operation Graph ..........................................................................................................C-14
Prefault Tab ..................................................................................................................C-14
BSRHOV- Binary Search, Voltage - V ProTesTPLAN ..........................................................C-16
Description...................................................................................................................C-16
Operation .....................................................................................................................C-16
Use...............................................................................................................................C-16
Notes............................................................................................................................C-17
Test Tab........................................................................................................................C-17
Action Tab....................................................................................................................C-19
Prefault Tab ..................................................................................................................C-21
72A-1585 Rev. C 8/02 ix

Contents
CLOSEA - Close Angle, Voltage or Current - V ProTesTPLAN ........................................... C-23

Description .................................................................................................................. C-23
Operation..................................................................................................................... C-23
Use .............................................................................................................................. C-23
Test Tab ....................................................................................................................... C-23
Action Tab ................................................................................................................... C-25
Operation Graph.......................................................................................................... C-27
CREEPF - Manual Frequency Ramp - F ProTesTPLAN ....................................................... C-28
Description .................................................................................................................. C-28
Operation..................................................................................................................... C-28
Use .............................................................................................................................. C-28
Notes ........................................................................................................................... C-28
Test Tab ....................................................................................................................... C-29
Action Tab ................................................................................................................... C-30
CREEPI - Manual Current Ramp - I ProTesTPLAN .............................................................. C-33
Description .................................................................................................................. C-33
Operation..................................................................................................................... C-33
Use .............................................................................................................................. C-33
Notes ........................................................................................................................... C-33
Test Tab ....................................................................................................................... C-33
Action Tab ................................................................................................................... C-35
Prefault Tab.................................................................................................................. C-37
CREEPV - Manual Voltage Ramp - V ProTesTPLAN ........................................................... C-38
Description .................................................................................................................. C-38
Operation..................................................................................................................... C-38
Use .............................................................................................................................. C-38
Notes ........................................................................................................................... C-38
Test Tab ....................................................................................................................... C-39
Action Tab ................................................................................................................... C-40
Prefault Tab.................................................................................................................. C-42
x 72A-1585 Rev. C 8/02

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DRAMPI - Double Ramp Current - I ProTesTPLAN ............................................................C-43

Description...................................................................................................................C-43
Operation .....................................................................................................................C-43
Use...............................................................................................................................C-43
Notes............................................................................................................................C-43
Test Tab........................................................................................................................C-44
Action Tab....................................................................................................................C-46
DRAMPV - Double Ramp Voltage - V ProTesTPLAN .........................................................C-49
Description...................................................................................................................C-49
Operation .....................................................................................................................C-49
Use...............................................................................................................................C-49
Notes............................................................................................................................C-49
Test Tab........................................................................................................................C-50
Action Tab....................................................................................................................C-52
EXTERN - Run External Program - All ProTesTPLANS ........................................................C-55
Description...................................................................................................................C-55
Operation .....................................................................................................................C-55
Use...............................................................................................................................C-55
Notes............................................................................................................................C-55
Test Tab........................................................................................................................C-56
Notebook Tab ..............................................................................................................C-57
FRDRMP - Frequency Double Ramp - F ProTesTPLAN ......................................................C-59
Description...................................................................................................................C-59
Operation .....................................................................................................................C-59
Use...............................................................................................................................C-59
Notes............................................................................................................................C-59
Test Tab........................................................................................................................C-60
Action Tab....................................................................................................................C-62
72A-1585 Rev. C 8/02 xi

Contents
FRRMPT - Frequency Ramp, Timer Start - F ProTesTPLAN ................................................ C-64

Description .................................................................................................................. C-64
Operation..................................................................................................................... C-64
Use .............................................................................................................................. C-64
Notes ........................................................................................................................... C-64
Test Tab ....................................................................................................................... C-65
Action Tab ................................................................................................................... C-67
GONGOF - Go/No Go Frequency Test - F ProTesTPLAN, V ProTesTPLAN ....................... C-69
Description .................................................................................................................. C-69
Operation..................................................................................................................... C-69
Use .............................................................................................................................. C-69
Notes ........................................................................................................................... C-69
Test Tab ....................................................................................................................... C-70
Action Tab ................................................................................................................... C-72
GONGOI - Go/No-Go Current Test - I ProTesTPLAN, Z ProTesTPLAN ............................. C-74
Description .................................................................................................................. C-74
Operation..................................................................................................................... C-74
Use .............................................................................................................................. C-74
Notes ........................................................................................................................... C-74
Test Tab ....................................................................................................................... C-75
Action Tab ................................................................................................................... C-76
Prefault Tab.................................................................................................................. C-78
GONGOV - Go/No-Go Voltage Test - V ProTesTPLAN, Z ProTesTPLAN .......................... C-79
Description .................................................................................................................. C-79
Operation..................................................................................................................... C-79
Use .............................................................................................................................. C-79
Notes ........................................................................................................................... C-79
Test Tab ....................................................................................................................... C-80
Action Tab ................................................................................................................... C-81
Prefault Tab.................................................................................................................. C-83
xii 72A-1585 Rev. C 8/02

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INDPUI - Inductive Pickup, Current - I ProTesTPLAN ........................................................C-85

Description...................................................................................................................C-85
Operation .....................................................................................................................C-85
Use...............................................................................................................................C-85
Notes............................................................................................................................C-85
Test Tab........................................................................................................................C-85
Action Tab....................................................................................................................C-87
INDPUV - Inductive Pickup, Voltage - V ProTesTPLAN .....................................................C-90
Description...................................................................................................................C-90
Operation .....................................................................................................................C-90
Use...............................................................................................................................C-90
Notes............................................................................................................................C-90
Test Tab........................................................................................................................C-90
Action Tab....................................................................................................................C-92
LRAMPF - Linear Ramp, Frequency - F ProTesTPLAN, V ProTesTPLAN .............................C-95
Description...................................................................................................................C-95
Operation .....................................................................................................................C-95
Use...............................................................................................................................C-95
Notes............................................................................................................................C-95
Test Tab........................................................................................................................C-96
Action Tab....................................................................................................................C-98
LRAMPI - Linear Ramp, Current - I ProTesTPLAN ............................................................C-100
Description.................................................................................................................C-100
Operation ...................................................................................................................C-100
Use.............................................................................................................................C-100
Notes..........................................................................................................................C-100
Test Tab......................................................................................................................C-101
Action Tab..................................................................................................................C-103
Operation Graph ........................................................................................................C-105
Prefault Tab ................................................................................................................C-105
72A-1585 Rev. C 8/02 xiii

Contents
LRAMPV - Linear Ramp, Voltage - V ProTesTPLAN ........................................................ C-106

Description ................................................................................................................ C-106
Operation................................................................................................................... C-106
Use ............................................................................................................................ C-106
Notes ......................................................................................................................... C-106
Test Tab ..................................................................................................................... C-107
Action Tab ................................................................................................................. C-109
Operation Graph........................................................................................................ C-111
Prefault Tab................................................................................................................ C-111
MAXTAI - Maximum Torque Angle, Current - Z ProTesTPLAN ....................................... C-113
Description ................................................................................................................ C-113
Operation................................................................................................................... C-113
Use ............................................................................................................................ C-113
Test Tab ..................................................................................................................... C-113
Action Tab ................................................................................................................. C-115
MAXTAV - Maximum Torque Angle, Voltage - Z ProTesTPLAN ...................................... C-118
Description ................................................................................................................ C-118
Operation................................................................................................................... C-118
Use ............................................................................................................................ C-118
Test Tab ..................................................................................................................... C-118
Action Tab ................................................................................................................. C-120
NOTEBK - User Instructions and Test Notes - All ProTesTPLANS .................................... C-123
Description ................................................................................................................ C-123
Operation................................................................................................................... C-123
Use ............................................................................................................................ C-123
Notes ......................................................................................................................... C-123
Instructions and Test Notes......................................................................................... C-124
PHROTI - Phase Rotate, Current - I ProTesTPLAN ........................................................... C-125
Description ................................................................................................................ C-125
Operation................................................................................................................... C-125
Use ............................................................................................................................ C-125
Test Tab ..................................................................................................................... C-125
Action Tab ................................................................................................................. C-127
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PHROTV - Phase Rotate, Voltage - V ProTesTPLAN ........................................................C-130

Description.................................................................................................................C-130
Operation ...................................................................................................................C-130
Use.............................................................................................................................C-130
Test Tab......................................................................................................................C-130
Action Tab..................................................................................................................C-132
PHSFTI - PHASE SHIFT, CURRENT - I ProTesTPLAN .......................................................C-135
Description.................................................................................................................C-135
Operation ...................................................................................................................C-135
Use.............................................................................................................................C-135
Test Tab......................................................................................................................C-135
Action Tab..................................................................................................................C-137
PHSFTV - Phase Shift, Voltage - V ProTesTPLAN .............................................................C-139
Description.................................................................................................................C-139
Operation ...................................................................................................................C-139
Use.............................................................................................................................C-139
Test Tab......................................................................................................................C-139
Action Tab..................................................................................................................C-141
PLOTII - I vs. I Differential Current Plot - I ProTesTPLAN .................................................C-143
Description.................................................................................................................C-143
Operation ...................................................................................................................C-143
Use.............................................................................................................................C-143
Notes..........................................................................................................................C-144
Test Tab......................................................................................................................C-144
Action Tab..................................................................................................................C-146
72A-1585 Rev. C 8/02 xv

Contents
PLOTVV - V vs. V Differential Voltage Plot - V ProTesTPLAN ......................................... C-149

Description ................................................................................................................ C-149
Operation................................................................................................................... C-149
Use ............................................................................................................................ C-149
Notes ......................................................................................................................... C-150
Test Tab ..................................................................................................................... C-150
Action Tab ................................................................................................................. C-152
POWER - Battery Simulator Power - All ProTesTPLANS .................................................. C-155
Description ................................................................................................................ C-155
Operation................................................................................................................... C-155
Test Tab ..................................................................................................................... C-155
PRAMPI - Pulsed Linear Ramp, Current - I ProTesTPLAN ................................................ C-157
Description ................................................................................................................ C-157
Operation................................................................................................................... C-157
Use ............................................................................................................................ C-157
Notes ......................................................................................................................... C-157
Test Tab ..................................................................................................................... C-158
Action Tab ................................................................................................................. C-159
Prefault Tab................................................................................................................ C-162
PRAMPV - Pulsed Linear Ramp, Voltage - V ProTesTPLAN ............................................. C-163
Description ................................................................................................................ C-163
Operation................................................................................................................... C-163
Use ............................................................................................................................ C-163
Notes ......................................................................................................................... C-163
Test Tab ..................................................................................................................... C-164
Action Tab ................................................................................................................. C-165
Prefault Tab................................................................................................................ C-167
xvi 72A-1585 Rev. C 8/02

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RCHBOI - Reach Binary Search, Current - Z ProTesTPLAN .............................................C-169

Description.................................................................................................................C-169
Operation ...................................................................................................................C-169
Use.............................................................................................................................C-169
Notes..........................................................................................................................C-170
Test Tab......................................................................................................................C-170
Action Tab..................................................................................................................C-172
Prefault Tab ................................................................................................................C-174
RCHBOV - Reach Binary Search, Voltage - Z ProTesTPLAN ............................................C-175
Description.................................................................................................................C-175
Operation ...................................................................................................................C-175
Use.............................................................................................................................C-175
Notes..........................................................................................................................C-176
Test Tab......................................................................................................................C-176
Action Tab..................................................................................................................C-178
Prefault Tab ................................................................................................................C-182
RCHLRI - Reach Linear Ramp, Current - Z ProTesTPLAN ................................................C-183
Description.................................................................................................................C-183
Operation ...................................................................................................................C-183
Use.............................................................................................................................C-183
Notes..........................................................................................................................C-183
Test Tab......................................................................................................................C-184
Action Tab..................................................................................................................C-186
Prefault Tab ................................................................................................................C-189
RCHLRV - Reach Linear Ramp, Voltage - Z ProTesTPLAN ...............................................C-190
Description.................................................................................................................C-190
Operation ...................................................................................................................C-190
Use.............................................................................................................................C-190
Notes..........................................................................................................................C-190
Test Tab......................................................................................................................C-191
Action Tab..................................................................................................................C-193
Prefault Tab ................................................................................................................C-195
72A-1585 Rev. C 8/02 xvii

Contents
RCHPRI - Reach Pulsed Linear Ramp, Current - Z ProTesTPLAN .................................... C-196

Description ................................................................................................................ C-196
Operation................................................................................................................... C-196
Use ............................................................................................................................ C-196
Notes ......................................................................................................................... C-196
Test Tab ..................................................................................................................... C-197
Action Tab ................................................................................................................. C-198
Prefault Tab................................................................................................................ C-201
RCHPRV - Reach Linear Ramp, Voltage - Z ProTesTPLAN .............................................. C-202
Description ................................................................................................................ C-202
Operation................................................................................................................... C-202
Use ............................................................................................................................ C-202
Notes ......................................................................................................................... C-202
Test Tab ..................................................................................................................... C-203
Action Tab ................................................................................................................. C-205
Prefault Tab................................................................................................................ C-207
SSIMUL - Dynamic State Simulation - All ProTesTPLANS ............................................... C-209
Description ................................................................................................................ C-209
Operation................................................................................................................... C-209
Use ............................................................................................................................ C-209
Notes ......................................................................................................................... C-209
Test View ................................................................................................................... C-210
Logic Out ................................................................................................................... C-213
Result Tab .................................................................................................................. C-213
TFRPLT - Time vs. Frequency Shift Characteristic Plot - F ProTesT-PLAN ........................ C-215
Description ................................................................................................................ C-215
Operation................................................................................................................... C-215
Use ............................................................................................................................ C-215
Notes ......................................................................................................................... C-216
Test Tab ..................................................................................................................... C-216
Action Tab ................................................................................................................. C-218
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TIMEF - Operating Time, Frequency - F ProTesTPLAN ....................................................C-221

Description.................................................................................................................C-221
Operation ...................................................................................................................C-221
Use.............................................................................................................................C-221
Notes..........................................................................................................................C-221
Test Tab......................................................................................................................C-222
Action Tab..................................................................................................................C-224
TIMEI - Operating Time, Current - I ProTesTPLAN - Z ProTesTPLAN ...............................C-226
Description.................................................................................................................C-226
Operation ...................................................................................................................C-226
Use.............................................................................................................................C-226
Notes..........................................................................................................................C-226
Test Tab......................................................................................................................C-226
Action Tab..................................................................................................................C-228
Prefault Tab ................................................................................................................C-230
TIMEPH - Operating Time, Phase - V ProTesTPLAN ........................................................C-231
Description.................................................................................................................C-231
Operation ...................................................................................................................C-231
Use.............................................................................................................................C-231
Test Tab......................................................................................................................C-231
Action Tab..................................................................................................................C-233
TIMEV - Operating Time, Voltage - V ProTesTPLAN - Z ProTesTPLAN ............................C-236
Description.................................................................................................................C-236
Operation ...................................................................................................................C-236
Use.............................................................................................................................C-236
Notes..........................................................................................................................C-236
Test Tab......................................................................................................................C-236
Action Tab..................................................................................................................C-238
Prefault Tab ................................................................................................................C-240
72A-1585 Rev. C 8/02 xix

Contents
TOCPLT - Time Overcurrent Characteristic Plot - I ProTesTPLAN ................................... C-241

Description ................................................................................................................ C-241
Operation................................................................................................................... C-241
Use ............................................................................................................................ C-241
Notes ......................................................................................................................... C-241
Test Tab ..................................................................................................................... C-242
Action Tab ................................................................................................................. C-244
Prefault Tab................................................................................................................ C-246
TOVPLT - Time vs. Voltage Characteristic Plot - V ProTesTPLAN .................................... C-247
Description ................................................................................................................ C-247
Operation................................................................................................................... C-247
Use ............................................................................................................................ C-247
Notes ......................................................................................................................... C-247
Test Tab ..................................................................................................................... C-248
Action Tab ................................................................................................................. C-250
Prefault Tab................................................................................................................ C-252
TPHPLT - Time vs. Phase Shift Characteristic Plot - V ProTesTPLAN ............................... C-253
Description ................................................................................................................ C-253
Operation................................................................................................................... C-253
Use ............................................................................................................................ C-253
Notes ......................................................................................................................... C-253
Test Tab ..................................................................................................................... C-254
Action Tab ................................................................................................................. C-256
TRANS - Transient Waveform Playback - T ProTesTPLAN ............................................... C-258
Description ................................................................................................................ C-258
Operation................................................................................................................... C-258
Use ............................................................................................................................ C-258
Import Comtrade File ................................................................................................. C-258
View Tab.................................................................................................................... C-259
Control Buttons .......................................................................................................... C-259
Analog Tab................................................................................................................. C-263
Digital Tab ................................................................................................................. C-264
xx 72A-1585 Rev. C 8/02

ProTesT User Guide
ZPLBOI - Z Characteristic Plot - Binary Search Current - Z ProTesTPLAN ........................C-265

Description.................................................................................................................C-265
Operation ...................................................................................................................C-265
Use.............................................................................................................................C-265
Notes..........................................................................................................................C-266
Test Tab......................................................................................................................C-266
Action Tab..................................................................................................................C-268
Fault ...........................................................................................................................C-270
Prefault Tab ................................................................................................................C-271
ZPLBOV - Z Characteristic Plot - Binary Search Voltage - Z ProTesTPLAN ......................C-272
Description.................................................................................................................C-272
Operation ...................................................................................................................C-272
Use.............................................................................................................................C-272
Notes..........................................................................................................................C-273
Test Tab......................................................................................................................C-273
Action Tab..................................................................................................................C-275
Fault ...........................................................................................................................C-277
Prefault Tab ................................................................................................................C-278
ZPLLRI - Z Characteristic Plot - Linear Ramp Current - Z ProTesTPLAN ...........................C-279
Description.................................................................................................................C-279
Operation ...................................................................................................................C-279
Use.............................................................................................................................C-279
Notes..........................................................................................................................C-279
Test Tab......................................................................................................................C-280
Action Tab..................................................................................................................C-282
Fault ...........................................................................................................................C-284
Prefault Tab ................................................................................................................C-285
72A-1585 Rev. C 8/02 xxi

Contents
ZPLLRV - Z Characteristic Plot - Linear Ramp Voltage - Z ProTesTPLAN ......................... C-286

Description ................................................................................................................ C-286
Operation................................................................................................................... C-286
Use ............................................................................................................................ C-286
Notes ......................................................................................................................... C-286
Test Tab ..................................................................................................................... C-286
Action Tab ................................................................................................................. C-288
Fault........................................................................................................................... C-290
Prefault Tab................................................................................................................ C-291
ZPLPRI - Z Characteristic Plot - Pulsed Linear Ramp Current - Z ProTesTPLAN ............... C-292
Description ................................................................................................................ C-292
Operation................................................................................................................... C-292
Use ............................................................................................................................ C-292
Notes ......................................................................................................................... C-292
Test Tab ..................................................................................................................... C-293
Action Tab ................................................................................................................. C-295
Fault........................................................................................................................... C-297
Prefault Tab................................................................................................................ C-298
ZPLPRV - Z Characteristic Plot - Pulsed Linear Ramp Voltage - Z ProTesTPLAN ............. C-299
Description ................................................................................................................ C-299
Operation................................................................................................................... C-299
Use ............................................................................................................................ C-299
Notes ......................................................................................................................... C-299
Test Tab ..................................................................................................................... C-300
Action Tab ................................................................................................................. C-302
Fault........................................................................................................................... C-304
Prefault Tab................................................................................................................ C-305
xxii 72A-1585 Rev. C 8/02

ProTesT User Guide
ZPXBOI - Z Characteristic with Expected Value Binary Search Current -

Z ProTesTPLAN ...............................................................................................................C-306
Description.................................................................................................................C-306
Operation ...................................................................................................................C-306
Use.............................................................................................................................C-306
Test Tab......................................................................................................................C-307
Action Tab..................................................................................................................C-309
Fault ...........................................................................................................................C-311
Prefault Tab ................................................................................................................C-312
ZPXBOV - Z Characteristic with Expected Value Binary Search Voltage -
Z ProTesTPLAN ...............................................................................................................C-313
Description.................................................................................................................C-313
Operation ...................................................................................................................C-313
Use.............................................................................................................................C-313
Notes..........................................................................................................................C-314
Test Tab......................................................................................................................C-314
Test Tab......................................................................................................................C-315
Action Tab..................................................................................................................C-316
Fault ...........................................................................................................................C-318
Prefault Tab ................................................................................................................C-319
Index ..............................................................................................................I-1
72A-1585 Rev. C 8/02 xxiii

xxiv 72A-1585 Rev. C 8/02
Figures
Figure 1.1 Automated Relay Testing with ProTesT ......................................................... 1-2

Figure 1.2 ProTesT Menu Bar with Database Drop-down Menu Displayed ................... 1-4
Figure 2.1 Login Display ............................................................................................... 2-3
Figure 2.2 ProTesT Main Window ................................................................................. 2-5
Figure 2.3 Setup Dialog Box.......................................................................................... 2-6
Figure 2.4 Change Alert Dialog Box ............................................................................ 2-11
Figure 3.1 ProTesT Database Explorer ........................................................................... 3-1
Figure 3.2 Expanded Tree View..................................................................................... 3-2
Figure 3.3 Find Display ................................................................................................. 3-7
Figure 3.4 Tools Menu .................................................................................................. 3-9
Figure 3.5 F6000 Control Panel................................................................................... 3-10
Figure 3.6 Configuration Display................................................................................. 3-11
Figure 3.7 Configuration Display with Source Summary.............................................. 3-12
Figure 3.8 Primary Ohms ............................................................................................ 3-17
Figure 3.9 Secondary Ohms ........................................................................................ 3-19
Figure 3.10 Results Tab: Calculated Fault Quantities ..................................................... 3-20
Figure 3.11 Vector Calculator........................................................................................ 3-23
Figure 3.12 Display Single Result .................................................................................. 3-24
Figure 3.13 Display Single Result with More Selected ................................................... 3-25
Figure 3.14 Convert Database ....................................................................................... 3-27
Figure 3.15 Convert ProTesT III Database...................................................................... 3-28
Figure 3.16 Reports Dialog............................................................................................ 3-30
Figure 3.17 Test Results Date Parameters ...................................................................... 3-31
Figure 3.18 Report Document: On-Screen Preview ....................................................... 3-32
Figure 3.19 Export Drop Down List ............................................................................... 3-33
Figure 4.1 Test Tab........................................................................................................ 4-5
Figure 4.2 Action Tab.................................................................................................... 4-7
Figure 4.3 Prefault Tab .................................................................................................. 4-9
Figure 4.4 Notebook Tab............................................................................................. 4-10
Figure 4.5 Connection Table tab ................................................................................. 4-13
Figure 4.6 Linear Ramp Staircase Algorithm ................................................................ 4-17
Figure 4.7 LRAMPI Action Parameters ......................................................................... 4-18
Figure 4.8 Binary Search Algorithm ............................................................................. 4-21
Figure 4.9 BSRHOI Action Parameters......................................................................... 4-22
72A-1585 Rev. C 8/02 xxv

Figures
Figure 5.1 Sample Test Tab ........................................................................................... 5-1

Figure 5.2 Test in Progress Window .............................................................................. 5-3
Figure B.1 F6000 Control Panel .................................................................................... B-1
Figure B.2 Source Table ................................................................................................ B-2
Figure B.3 Ramp/Set Sources Section ............................................................................ B-5
Figure B.4 Phasor Diagram............................................................................................ B-8
Figure B.5 Phasors for Three Voltage Sources Separated 120° ..................................... B-10
Figure B.6 Dotted Lines Show New Position of Phasors Before Release ....................... B-11
Figure B.7 Phasors for Three Voltage Sources Shifted ~45°.......................................... B-11
Figure B.8 Inputs Tab .................................................................................................. B-12
Figure B.9 Outputs Tab ............................................................................................... B-14
Figure B.10 Timers Tab ................................................................................................. B-15
Figure B.11 Triggers Display ......................................................................................... B-16
Figure B.12 Set Trigger Logic......................................................................................... B-17
Figure B.13 Trigger Logic Set for Trigger 1..................................................................... B-19
Figure B.14 Start and Stop Conditions Set in the Timers Tab.......................................... B-21
Figure B.15 Notes Tab................................................................................................... B-22
Figure B.16 Timers Section............................................................................................ B-23
Figure B.17 Output and Input Status Indicators ............................................................. B-25
Figure B.18 Input and Output Indicators for Four Voltage Sources
and Four Current Sources B-25
Figure B.19 Input and Output Indicators for Three Voltage Sources
and Three Current Sources B-26
Figure B.20 Input and Output Indicators for Six Current Sources ................................... B-26
Figure B.21 Battery Section ........................................................................................... B-27
Figure C.1 Slip Frequency Example ................................................................................ C-1
Figure C.3 Asynch Action Tab Screen............................................................................. C-3
Figure C.4 Timer Starts and Stops ................................................................................... C-3
Figure C.5 BSRHOI Test Tab Screen ............................................................................. C-12
Figure C.6 BSRHOI Action Tab Screen ......................................................................... C-13
Figure C.7 BSRHOI Operation Graph........................................................................... C-14
Figure C.8 BSRHOV Test Tab Screen............................................................................ C-18
Figure C.9 BSRHOV Action Tab Screen........................................................................ C-20
Figure C.10 BSRHOV Operation Graph ......................................................................... C-21
Figure C.11 CLOSEA Test Tab Screen............................................................................. C-25
Figure C.12 CLOSEA Action Tab Screen......................................................................... C-26
Figure C.13 CLOSEA Operation Graph........................................................................... C-27
Figure C.14 CREEPF Test Tab Screen .............................................................................. C-30
xxvi 72A-1585 Rev. C 8/02

ProTesT User Guide
Figure C.15 CREEPF Action Tab Screen ..........................................................................C-31

Figure C.16 CREEPF Operation Graph ............................................................................C-32
Figure C.17 CREEPI Test Tab Screen ...............................................................................C-35
Figure C.18 CREEPI Action Tab Screen ...........................................................................C-36
Figure C.19 CREEPI Operation Graph .............................................................................C-37
Figure C.20 CREEPV Test Tab Screen..............................................................................C-40
Figure C.21 CREEPV Action Tab Screen..........................................................................C-41
Figure C.22 CREEPV Operation Graph............................................................................C-42
Figure C.23 DRAMPI Test Tab Screen.............................................................................C-45
Figure C.24 DRAMPI Action Tab Screen.........................................................................C-47
Figure C.25 DRAMPI Operation Graph...........................................................................C-48
Figure C.26 DRAMPV Test Tab Screen ...........................................................................C-51
Figure C.27 DRAMPV Action Tab Screen .......................................................................C-52
Figure C.28 DRAMPV Operation Graph .........................................................................C-53
Figure C.29 EXTERN Test Tab Screen..............................................................................C-57
Figure C.30 FRDRMP Test Tab Screen ............................................................................C-61
Figure C.31 FRDRMP Action Tab Screen ........................................................................C-62
Figure C.32 FRDRMP Operation Graph ..........................................................................C-63
Figure C.33 FRRMPT Test Tab Screen .............................................................................C-66
Figure C.34 FRRMPT Action Tab Screen .........................................................................C-67
Figure C.35 FRRMPT Operation Graph...........................................................................C-68
Figure C.36 GONGOF Test Tab Screen ..........................................................................C-71
Figure C.37 GONGOF Action Tab Screen ......................................................................C-72
Figure C.38 GONGOF Operation Graph ........................................................................C-73
Figure C.39 GONGOI Test Tab Screen ...........................................................................C-76
Figure C.40 GONGOI Action Tab Screen .......................................................................C-77
Figure C.41 GONGOI Operation Graph.........................................................................C-78
Figure C.42 GONGOV Test Tab Screen..........................................................................C-81
Figure C.43 GONGOV Action Tab Screen......................................................................C-82
Figure C.44 GONGOV Operation Graph .......................................................................C-83
Figure C.45 INDPUI Test Tab Screen ..............................................................................C-87
Figure C.46 INDPUI Action Tab Screen ..........................................................................C-88
Figure C.47 INDPUI Operation Graph............................................................................C-89
Figure C.48 INDPUV Test Tab Screen.............................................................................C-92
Figure C.49 INDPUV Action Tab Screen.........................................................................C-93
Figure C.50 INDPUV Operation Graph ..........................................................................C-94
72A-1585 Rev. C 8/02 xxvii

Figures
Figure C.51 LRAMPF Test Tab Screen............................................................................. C-97

Figure C.52 LRAMPF Action Tab Screen......................................................................... C-98
Figure C.53 LRAMPF Operation Graph .......................................................................... C-99
Figure C.54 LRAMPI Test Tab Screen ........................................................................... C-102
Figure C.55 LRAMPI Action Tab Screen ....................................................................... C-103
Figure C.56 LRAMPI Operation Graph ......................................................................... C-105
Figure C.57 LRAMPV Test Tab Screen .......................................................................... C-108
Figure C.58 LRAMPV Action Tab Screen ...................................................................... C-109
Figure C.59 LRAMPV Operation Graph ........................................................................ C-111
Figure C.60 MAXTAI Test Tab Screen........................................................................... C-115
Figure C.61 MAXTAI Action Tab .................................................................................. C-116
Figure C.62 MAXTAI Operation Graph......................................................................... C-117
Figure C.63 MAXTAV Test Tab Screen ......................................................................... C-120
Figure C.64 MAXTAV Action Screen ............................................................................ C-121
Figure C.65 MAXTAV Operation Graph ....................................................................... C-122
Figure C.66 NOTEBK Test Tab Screen .......................................................................... C-124
Figure C.67 PHROTI Test Tab Screen ........................................................................... C-127
Figure C.68 PHROTI Action Tab Screen ....................................................................... C-128
Figure C.69 PHROTI Operation Graph......................................................................... C-129
Figure C.70 PHROTV Test Tab Screen.......................................................................... C-132
Figure C.71 PHROTV Action Tab Screen...................................................................... C-133
Figure C.72 PHROTV Operation Graph ....................................................................... C-134
Figure C.73 PHSFTI Test Tab Screen............................................................................. C-136
Figure C.74 PHSFTI Action Tab Screen......................................................................... C-137
Figure C.75 PHSFTI Operation Graph .......................................................................... C-138
Figure C.76 PHSFTV Test Tab Screen ........................................................................... C-140
Figure C.77 PHSFTV Action Tab Screen ....................................................................... C-141
Figure C.78 PHSFTV Operation Graph ......................................................................... C-142
Figure C.79 PLOTII Test Tab Screen ............................................................................. C-145
Figure C.80 PLOTII Action Tab Screen ......................................................................... C-147
Figure C.81 PLOTII Operation Graph ........................................................................... C-148
Figure C.82 PLOTVV Test Tab Screen .......................................................................... C-151
Figure C.83 PLOTVV Action Tab Screen ...................................................................... C-153
Figure C.84 PLOTVV Operation Graph ........................................................................ C-154
Figure C.85 POWER Test Tab Screen ........................................................................... C-156
Figure C.86 PRAMPI Test Tab Screen ........................................................................... C-159
xxviii 72A-1585 Rev. C 8/02

ProTesT User Guide
Figure C.87 PRAMPI Action Tab Screen........................................................................C-160

Figure C.88 PRAMPI Operation Graph .........................................................................C-161
Figure C.89 PRAMPV Test Tab Screen ..........................................................................C-165
Figure C.90 PRAMPV Action Tab Screen ......................................................................C-166
Figure C.91 PRAMPV Operation Graph ........................................................................C-167
Figure C.92 RCHBOI Test Tab Screen...........................................................................C-172
Figure C.93 RCHBOI Action Tab Screen.......................................................................C-173
Figure C.94 RCHBOI Operation Graph.........................................................................C-173
Figure C.95 RCHBOV Test Tab Screen .........................................................................C-178
Figure C.96 RCHBOV Action Tab Screen .....................................................................C-179
Figure C.97 RCHBOV Operation Graph .......................................................................C-181
Figure C.98 RCHLRI Test Tab Screen ............................................................................C-185
Figure C.99 RCHLRI Action Tab Screen ........................................................................C-186
Figure C.100 RCHLRI Operation Graph..........................................................................C-188
Figure C.101 RCHLRV Test Tab Screen...........................................................................C-192
Figure C.102 RCHLRV Action Tab Screen.......................................................................C-193
Figure C.103 RCHLRV Operation Graph ........................................................................C-195
Figure C.104 RCHPRI Test Tab Screen............................................................................C-198
Figure C.105 RCHPRI Action Tab Screen........................................................................C-199
Figure C.106 RCHPRI Operation Graph..........................................................................C-200
Figure C.107 RCHPRV Test Tab Screen ..........................................................................C-204
Figure C.108 RCHPRV Action Tab Screen ......................................................................C-205
Figure C.109 RCHLRV Operation Graph ........................................................................C-207
Figure C.110 SSIMUL Test View Screen..........................................................................C-210
Figure C.111 SSIMUL Phasor Test View Display .............................................................C-211
Figure C.112 SSIMUL Result Tab Screen.........................................................................C-214
Figure C.113 TFRPLT Test Tab Screen.............................................................................C-218
Figure C.114 TFRPLT Action Tab Screen.........................................................................C-219
Figure C.115 TFRPLT Operation Graph ..........................................................................C-220
Figure C.116 TIMEF Test Tab Screen...............................................................................C-223
Figure C.117 TIMEF Action Tab Screen...........................................................................C-224
Figure C.118 TIMEF Operation Graph ............................................................................C-225
Figure C.119 TIMEI Test Tab Screen ...............................................................................C-228
Figure C.120 TIMEI Action Tab Screen ...........................................................................C-229
Figure C.121 TIMEI Operation Graph .............................................................................C-230
Figure C.122 TIMEPH Test Tab Screen............................................................................C-233
72A-1585 Rev. C 8/02 xxix

Figures
Figure C.123 TIMEPH Action Tab Screen ....................................................................... C-234

Figure C.124 TIMEPH Operation Graph ......................................................................... C-235
Figure C.125 TIMEV Test Tab Screen.............................................................................. C-238
Figure C.126 TIMEV Action Tab Screen.......................................................................... C-239
Figure C.127 TIMEV Operation Graph ........................................................................... C-240
Figure C.128 TOCPLT Test Tab Screen........................................................................... C-243
Figure C.129 TOCPLT Action Tab Screen....................................................................... C-244
Figure C.130 TOCPLT Operation Graph......................................................................... C-245
Figure C.131 TOVPLT Test Tab Screen........................................................................... C-249
Figure C.132 TOVPLT Action Tab Screen....................................................................... C-250
Figure C.133 TOVPLT Operation Graph......................................................................... C-251
Figure C.134 TPHPLT Test Tab Screen ........................................................................... C-255
Figure C.135 TPHPLT Action Tab Screen ....................................................................... C-256
Figure C.136 TPHPLT Operation Graph ......................................................................... C-257
Figure C.137 Test View of TRANS Macro – the View Tab .............................................. C-259
Figure C.138 Zoom Option ........................................................................................... C-260
Figure C.139 View Tab Pop-up Menu ............................................................................ C-261
Figure C.140 Signal Viewing Properties .......................................................................... C-261
Figure C.141 Signal Viewing Properties - Advanced ....................................................... C-262
Figure C.142 Analog Tab................................................................................................ C-263
Figure C.143 Digital Tab ................................................................................................ C-264
Figure C.144 ZPLBOI Test Tab Screen............................................................................ C-267
Figure C.145 ZPLBOI Action Tab Screen ........................................................................ C-269
Figure C.146 ZPLBOI Operation Graph.......................................................................... C-270
Figure C.147 ZPLBOV Test Tab Screen .......................................................................... C-274
Figure C.148 ZPLBOV Action Tab Screen ...................................................................... C-276
Figure C.149 ZPLBOV Operation Graph ........................................................................ C-277
Figure C.150 ZPLLRI Test Tab Screen ............................................................................. C-281
Figure C.151 ZPLLRI Action Tab Screen ......................................................................... C-282
Figure C.152 ZPLLRI Operation Graph........................................................................... C-283
Figure C.153 ZPLLRV Test Tab Screen............................................................................ C-287
Figure C.154 ZPLLRV Action Tab Screen........................................................................ C-289
Figure C.155 ZPLLRV Operation Graph ......................................................................... C-290
Figure C.156 ZPLPRI Test Tab Screen ............................................................................. C-294
Figure C.157 ZPLPRI Action Tab Screen......................................................................... C-296
Figure C.158 ZPLPRI Operation Graph........................................................................... C-297
xxx 72A-1585 Rev. C 8/02

ProTesT User Guide
Figure C.159 ZPLPRV Test Tab Screen............................................................................C-301

Figure C.160 ZPLPRV Action Tab Screen........................................................................C-302
Figure C.161 ZPLPRV Operation Graph..........................................................................C-303
Figure C.162 ZPXBOI Test Tab Screen............................................................................C-308
Figure C.163 ZPXBOI Action Tab Screen........................................................................C-309
Figure C.164 ZPXBOI Operation Graph..........................................................................C-310
Figure C.165 ZPXBOV Test Tab Screen ..........................................................................C-315
Figure C.166 ZPXBOV Action Tab Screen ......................................................................C-316
Figure C.167 ZPXBOV Operation Graph ........................................................................C-317
72A-1585 Rev. C 8/02 xxxi

xxxii 72A-1585 Rev. C 8/02
Tables
Table 1.1 Communication Between ProTesT and the Test Instrument .............................. 1-2
Table 1.2 Test Plans and Macros ..................................................................................... 1-9
Table 2.1 SW 3 Switch Positions and Baud Rates ............................................................ 2-9
Table 3.1 Toolbar Command Description ..................................................................... 3-35
Table 5.1 Test Result Messages ....................................................................................... 5-6
Table A.1 SW 3 Switch Positions and Baud Rates ............................................................A-5
Table A.2 F6000 System Errors ......................................................................................A-12
Table B.1 Indications for Activated Sources .....................................................................B-4
Table B.2 Rotation of a Phase-to-Ground Fault ................................................................B-9
Table B.3 Sense Conditions for Each Type of Input ........................................................B-13
Table C.1 ASYNCH Test Tab Results Fields .....................................................................C-5
Table C.2 ASYNCH Action Tab Conditions Fields ...........................................................C-6
Table C.3 BSRHOI Test Tab Results Fields .....................................................................C-11
Table C.4 BSRHOI Action Tab Conditions Fields ...........................................................C-12
Table C.5 BSRHOI Sense Fields .....................................................................................C-13
Table C.6 BSRHOI Prefault Tab Fields ...........................................................................C-15
Table C.7 BSRHOV Test Tab Results Fields ...................................................................C-18
Table C.8 BSRHOV Action Tab Conditions Fields .........................................................C-19
Table C.9 BSRHOV Sense Fields ...................................................................................C-20
Table C.10 BSRHOV Prefault Tab Fields ..........................................................................C-22
Table C.11 CLOSEA Test Tab Results Fields .....................................................................C-24
Table C.12 CLOSEA Action Conditions Tab Fields ...........................................................C-25
Table C.13 CLOSEA Sense Fields .....................................................................................C-26
Table C.14 CREEPF Test Tab Results Fields ......................................................................C-29
Table C.15 CREEPF Action Tab Conditions Fields ............................................................C-30
Table C.16 CREEPF Sense Fields ......................................................................................C-31
Table C.17 CREEPI Test Tab Results Fields .......................................................................C-34
Table C.18 CREEPI Action Tab Conditions Fields .............................................................C-35
Table C.19 CREEPI Sense Fields .......................................................................................C-36
Table C.20 CREEPI Prefault Tab Fields .............................................................................C-37
Table C.21 CREEPV Test Tab Results Fields .....................................................................C-39
Table C.22 CREEPV Action Tab Conditions Fields ...........................................................C-40
Table C.23 CLOSEA Sense Fields .....................................................................................C-41
72A-1585 Rev. C 8/02 xxxiii

Tables
Table C.24 CREEPV Prefault Tab Fields ........................................................................... C-42

Table C.25 DRAMPI Test Tab Results Fields .................................................................... C-45
Table C.26 DRAMPI Action Tab Conditions Fields .......................................................... C-46
Table C.27 DRAMPI Sense Fields .................................................................................... C-47
Table C.28 DRAMPV Test Tab Results Fields .................................................................. C-51
Table C.29 DRAMPV Action Tab Conditions Fields ........................................................ C-52
Table C.30 DRAMPV Sense Fields .................................................................................. C-53
Table C.31 EXTERN Test Tab Fields ................................................................................ C-56
Table C.32 FRDRMP Test Tab Results Fields ................................................................... C-61
Table C.33 FRDRMP Action Tab Conditions Fields ......................................................... C-62
Table C.34 FRDRMP Sense Fields ................................................................................... C-63
Table C.35 FRRMPT Test Table Results Fields ................................................................. C-66
Table C.36 FRRMPT Action Tab Conditions Fields .......................................................... C-67
Table C.37 FRRMPT Sense Fields .................................................................................... C-68
Table C.38 GONGOF Test Tab Results Fields ................................................................. C-71
Table C.39 GONGOF Action Tab Conditions fields ........................................................ C-72
Table C.40 GONGOF Sense Fields ................................................................................. C-73
Table C.41 GONGOI Test Tab Results Fields .................................................................. C-75
Table C.42 GONGOI Action Tab Conditions Fields ........................................................ C-76
Table C.43 GONGOI Sense Fields .................................................................................. C-77
Table C.44 GONGOI Prefault Tab Fields ........................................................................ C-78
Table C.45 GONGOV Test Tab Result Fields .................................................................. C-80
Table C.46 GONGOV Action Tab Conditions Fields ....................................................... C-81
Table C.47 GONGOV Sense Fields ................................................................................. C-82
Table C.48 GONGOV Prefault Tab Fields ....................................................................... C-83
Table C.49 INDPUI Test Tab Results Fields ..................................................................... C-86
Table C.50 INDPUI Action Tab Conditions Fields ........................................................... C-87
Table C.51 INDPUI Sense Fields ..................................................................................... C-88
Table C.52 INDPUV Test Tab Results Fields .................................................................... C-91
Table C.53 INDPUV Action Tab Conditions Fields .......................................................... C-92
Table C.54 INDPUV Sense Fields .................................................................................... C-93
Table C.55 LRAMPF Test Tab Results Fields .................................................................... C-97
Table C.56 LRAMPF Action Tab Conditions Fields .......................................................... C-98
Table C.57 LRAMPF Sense Fields .................................................................................... C-98
Table C.58 LRAMPI Test Tab Results Fields ................................................................... C-102
Table C.59 LRAMPI Action Tab Conditions Fields ......................................................... C-103
xxxiv 72A-1585 Rev. C 8/02

ProTesT User Guide
Table C.60 LRAMPI Sense Fields ...................................................................................C-104

Table C.61 LRAMPV Prefault Tab Fields ........................................................................C-105
Table C.62 LRAMPV Test Tab Results Fields ..................................................................C-108
Table C.63 LRAMPV Action Tab Conditions Fields ........................................................C-109
Table C.64 LRAMPV Sense Fields ..................................................................................C-110
Table C.65 LRAMPV Prefault Tab Fields ........................................................................C-111
Table C.66 MAXTAI Test Tab Results Fields ...................................................................C-114
Table C.67 MAXTAI Action Tab Conditions Fields .........................................................C-115
Table C.68 MAXTAI Sense Fields ...................................................................................C-116
Table C.69 MAXTAV Test Tab Results Fields .................................................................C-119
Table C.70 MAXTAV Action Tab Conditions Fields .......................................................C-120
Table C.71 MAXTAV Sense Fields .................................................................................C-121
Table C.72 PHROTI Test Tab Results Fields ...................................................................C-126
Table C.73 PHROTI Action Tab Conditions Fields .........................................................C-127
Table C.74 PHROTI Sense Fields ...................................................................................C-128
Table C.75 PHROTV Test Tab Results Fields .................................................................C-131
Table C.76 PHROTV Action Tab Conditions Fields .......................................................C-132
Table C.77 PHROTV Sense Fields .................................................................................C-133
Table C.78 PHSFTI Test Tab Results Fields ....................................................................C-136
Table C.79 PHSFTI Action Tab Conditions Fields ..........................................................C-137
Table C.80 PHSFTI Sense Fields ....................................................................................C-138
Table C.81 PHSFTV Test Tab Results Fields ...................................................................C-140
Table C.82 PHSFTV Action Tab Conditions Fields .........................................................C-141
Table C.83 PHSFTV Sense Fields ...................................................................................C-142
Table C.84 PLOTII Test Tab Results Fields .....................................................................C-145
Table C.85 PLOTII Action Tab Conditions Fields ...........................................................C-146
Table C.86 PLOTII Sense Fields .....................................................................................C-147
Table C.87 PLOTVV Test Tab Results Fields ..................................................................C-151
Table C.88 PLOTVV Action Tab Conditions Fields ........................................................C-152
Table C.89 PLOTVV Sense Fields ..................................................................................C-153
Table C.90 POWER Test Tab Results Fields ...................................................................C-155
Table C.91 PRAMPI Test Tab Results Fields ...................................................................C-158
Table C.92 PRAMPI Action Tab Conditions Fields .........................................................C-159
Table C.93 PRAMPI Sense Fields ...................................................................................C-160
Table C.94 PRAMPI Prefault Tab Fields .........................................................................C-162
Table C.95 PRAMPV Test Tab Results Fields ..................................................................C-164
72A-1585 Rev. C 8/02 xxxv

Tables
Table C.96 PRAMPV Action Tab Conditions Fields ....................................................... C-165

Table C.97 PRAMPV Sense Fields ................................................................................. C-166
Table C.98 PRAMPV Prefault Tab Fields ....................................................................... C-168
Table C.99 RCHBOI Test Tab Results Fields .................................................................. C-171
Table C.100 RCHBOI Action Tab Conditions Fields ........................................................ C-172
Table C.101 RCHBOI Sense Fields .................................................................................. C-173
Table C.102 RCHBOI Prefault Tab Fields ........................................................................ C-174
Table C.103 RCHBOV Test Tab Results Fields ................................................................ C-177
Table C.104 RCHBOV Action Tab Conditions Fields ...................................................... C-179
Table C.105 RCHBOV Sense Fields ................................................................................ C-180
Table C.106 RCHBOV Prefault Tab Fields ....................................................................... C-182
Table C.107 RCHLRI Test Tab Results Fields ................................................................... C-185
Table C.108 RCHLRI Action Tab Conditions Fields ......................................................... C-186
Table C.109 RCHLRI Sense Fields ................................................................................... C-187
Table C.110 RCHLRI Prefault Tab Fields ......................................................................... C-189
Table C.111 RCHLRV Test Tab Results Fields .................................................................. C-192
Table C.112 RCHLRV Action Tab Conditions Fields ........................................................ C-193
Table C.113 RCHLRV Sense Fields .................................................................................. C-194
Table C.114 RCHLRV Prefault Tab Fields ........................................................................ C-195
Table C.115 RCHPRI Test Tab Results Fields ................................................................... C-197
Table C.116 RCHPRI Action Tab Conditions Fields ......................................................... C-198
Table C.117 RCHPRI Sense Fields ................................................................................... C-199
Table C.118 RCHPRI Prefault Tab Fields ......................................................................... C-201
Table C.119 RCHPRV Test Tab Results Fields ................................................................. C-204
Table C.120 RCHPRV Action Tab Conditions Fields ....................................................... C-205
Table C.121 RCHPRV Sense Fields ................................................................................. C-206
Table C.122 RCHPRV Prefault Tab Fields ........................................................................ C-207
Table C.123 SSIMUL Result Fields .................................................................................. C-214
Table C.124 TFRPLT Test Tab Results Fields .................................................................... C-217
Table C.125 TFRPLT Action Tab Conditions Fields .......................................................... C-218
Table C.126 TFRPLT Sense Fields .................................................................................... C-219
Table C.127 TIMEF Test Tab Results Fields ...................................................................... C-223
Table C.128 TIMEF Action Tab Conditions Fields ............................................................ C-224
Table C.129 TIMEF Sense Fields ...................................................................................... C-225
Table C.130 TIMEI Test Tab Results Fields ...................................................................... C-227
Table C.131 TIMEI Action Tab Fields .............................................................................. C-228
xxxvi 72A-1585 Rev. C 8/02

ProTesT User Guide
Table C.132 TIMEI Sense Fields .......................................................................................C-229

Table C.133 TIMEI Prefault Tab Fields .............................................................................C-230
Table C.134 TIMEPH Test Tab Results Fields ...................................................................C-232
Table C.135 TIMEPH Action Tab Conditions Fields .........................................................C-233
Table C.136 TIMEPH Sense Fields ...................................................................................C-234
Table C.137 TIMEV Test Tab Results Fields .....................................................................C-237
Table C.138 TIMEV Action Tab Conditions Fields ...........................................................C-238
Table C.139 TIMEV Sense Fields .....................................................................................C-239
Table C.140 TIMEV Prefault Tab Fields ............................................................................C-240
Table C.141 TOCPLT Test Tab Results Fields ...................................................................C-243
Table C.142 TOCPLT Action Tab Conditions Fields .........................................................C-244
Table C.143 TOCPLT Sense Fields ...................................................................................C-245
Table C.144 TOCPLT Prefault Tab Fields .........................................................................C-246
Table C.145 TOVPLT Test Tab Results Fields ...................................................................C-249
Table C.146 TOVPLT Action Tab Conditions Fields .........................................................C-250
Table C.147 TOVPLT Sense Fields ...................................................................................C-251
Table C.148 TOVPLT Prefault Tab Fields .........................................................................C-252
Table C.149 TPHPLT Test Tab Results Fields ...................................................................C-255
Table C.150 TPHPLT Action Tab Conditions Fields .........................................................C-256
Table C.151 TPHPLT Sense Fields ...................................................................................C-257
Table C.152 ZPLBOI Arc Definitions ...............................................................................C-267
Table C.153 ZPLBOI Action Tab Conditions Fields ..........................................................C-268
Table C.154 ZPLBOI Sense Fields ....................................................................................C-269
Table C.155 ZPLBOI Fault Fields .....................................................................................C-270
Table C.156 ZPLBOI Prefault Tab Fields ..........................................................................C-271
Table C.157 ZPLBOV Arc Definitions ..............................................................................C-274
Table C.158 ZPLBOV Action Tab Conditions Fields ........................................................C-275
Table C.159 ZPLBOV Sense Fields ..................................................................................C-276
Table C.160 ZPLBOV Fault Fields ...................................................................................C-277
Table C.161 ZPLBOV Prefault Tab Fields ........................................................................C-278
Table C.162 ZPLLRI Arc Definitions ................................................................................C-281
Table C.163 ZPLLRI Action Tab Conditions Fields ...........................................................C-282
Table C.164 ZPLLRI Sense Fields .....................................................................................C-283
Table C.165 ZPLLRI Fault Fields ......................................................................................C-284
Table C.166 ZPLLRI Prefault Tab Fields ...........................................................................C-285
Table C.167 ZPLLRV Arc Definitions ...............................................................................C-288
72A-1585 Rev. C 8/02 xxxvii

Tables
Table C.168 ZPLLRV Action Tab Conditions Fields ......................................................... C-288

Table C.169 ZPLLRV Sense Fields ................................................................................... C-289
Table C.170 ZPLLRV Fault Fields .................................................................................... C-290
Table C.171 ZPLLRV Prefault Tab fields .......................................................................... C-291
Table C.172 ZPLPRI Arc Definitions ................................................................................ C-294
Table C.173 ZPLPRI Action Tab Conditions Fields .......................................................... C-295
Table C.174 ZPLPRI Sense Fields .................................................................................... C-296
Table C.175 ZPLPRI Fault Fields ..................................................................................... C-297
Table C.176 ZPLPRI Prefault Tab Fields .......................................................................... C-298
Table C.177 ZPLPRV Arcs Definition .............................................................................. C-301
Table C.178 ZPLPRV Action Tab Conditions Fields ......................................................... C-302
Table C.179 ZPLPRV Sense Fields ................................................................................... C-303
Table C.180 ZPLPRV Fault Fields .................................................................................... C-304
Table C.181 ZPLPRV Prefault Tab Fields ......................................................................... C-305
Table C.182 ZPXBOI Test Tab Result Fields .................................................................... C-308
Table C.183 ZPXBOI Action Tab Conditions Fields ......................................................... C-309
Table C.184 ZPXBOI Sense Fields ................................................................................... C-310
Table C.185 ZPXBOI Fault Fields .................................................................................... C-311
Table C.186 ZPXBOI Prefault Tab Fields ......................................................................... C-312
Table C.187 ZPXBOV Test Tab Result Fields ................................................................... C-315
Table C.188 ZPXBOV Action Tab Conditions Fields ....................................................... C-316
Table C.189 ZPXBOV Sense Fields ................................................................................. C-317
Table C.190 ZPXBOV Fault Fields ................................................................................... C-318
Table C.191 ZPXBOV Prefault Tab Fields ........................................................................ C-319
xxxviii 72A-1585 Rev. C 8/02

Preface
This manual describes how to use Doble Engineering's ProTesT™

Software. The purpose of this guide is to assist engineers and technicians
in performing relay tests using ProTesT with Doble's F2000 and F6000
Families of Power System Simulators.
Structure of this Manual

This manual consists of six chapters and three appendices:
Chapter 1 ”Introducing ProTesT”
Chapter 1 introduces you to ProTesT, including
features and benefits, and discusses architecture,
location tree, Test Plans and ProTesT Macros.
Chapter 2 ”Getting Started”
Chapter 2 provides information needed to get
started with ProTesT: hardware and software
requirements, and instructions for installing,
configuring, and running the application.
Chapter 3 ”ProTesT Menu Commands”
Chapter 3 describes how to use the ProTesT Menus
and Database.
Chapter 4 ”Creating a Relay Test Plan”
Chapter 4 describes how to create a database of
Relay Test Plans and further describes ProTesT
Macros.
Chapter 5 ”Running a Test”
Chapter 5 describes how to set up and run a test.
Chapter 6 ”Sense Input”
Chapter 6 describes Sense Assignments and Sense
Input Filtering.
72A-1585 Rev. C 8/02 xxxix

Preface
Appendix A ”ProTesT Error Messages”

Appendix A describes ProTesT Run Time Errors,
Macro Errors, Macro Execution Errors, and other
related error messages.
Appendix B ”F6000 Control Panel”
Appendix B describes the features and functions of
the F6000 Control Panel.
Appendix C ”ProTesT Macro Reference Guide”
Appendix C lists specifications for each test macro
included in the various ProTesT Plans.
Document Conventions
The following font conventions serve to distinguish various references in
the text:
• Button labels, menu selections, and items on pick lists (items in a
display that the user can click) are shown in bold type.
• The names of displays are shown in bold type.
• Section names on the Control Panel, labels on the instrument
front panel, and other labels are shown in italics.
The following definitions distinguish the software controls in ProTesT
from the hardware on the instrument:
• Control Panel refers to the F6000 Control Panel option of the
ProTesT Tools menu.
• Instrument Front Panel refers to the front panel of the F2000 or the
F6000 Instrument.
xl 72A-1585 Rev. C 8/02

ProTesT User Guide
Notes, Cautions, and Warnings

Note, Caution, and Warning icons denote information of special interest.
The icons appear in the column to the left of the text and are reproduced
below with explanations of their meanings. Failure to observe a Caution
or Warning could cause a dangerous condition.
COMPLIANCE The CE icon signifies that the equipment complies with CE requirements.
WARNING The WARNING icon signifies information that denotes a potentially
hazardous situation, which, if not avoided, may result in death or serious
injury.
GROUND Protective Earth Ground Symbol.
NOTE The Note icon signifies a cautionary statement, an operating tip or

maintenance suggestion. Instrument damage may occur if not followed.
VOLTAGE-HIGH The Voltage-High icon indicates a situation involving hazardous voltage

levels with risks of shock or injury.
72A-1585 Rev. C 8/02 xli

Preface
Safety
WARNING To eliminate the potential of dangerous electrical shock from the test
instrument, verify the safety ground before turning it on or using it.
Always turn the source output off and disable the unit before connecting,
removing, or touching any output terminal or cable.
DO NOT defeat the AC power input source ground connection and
verify that the power connections have proper hot and neutral polarity.
VOLTAGE-HIGH Dangerous and potentially fatal voltages can be developed across the
output terminals of any Power System Simulator. USE EXTREME
CAUTION when turning on or using the instrument. Always turn the
source output off and disable the unit before connecting, removing, or
touching any output terminal or cable. Never ground any instrument
output source connection.
The high intensity yellow LED flashes to indicate that dangerous and
potentially fatal voltages may be present. Flashing occurs when the
Battery Simulator is on, or when other sources are enabled or on.
xlii 72A-1585 Rev. C 8/02

1. Introducing ProTesT
This chapter introduces ProTesT, explains the features and benefits of

ProTesT, and discusses architecture, location tree, test plans, and
ProTesT macros.
About ProTesT
ProTesT is an interactive software system for automated relay testing. It
can be used with Doble’s F2000 series or F6000 series of power system
simulators (Figure 1.1 on page 1-2).
ProTesT runs on Microsoft Windows 9X/ME, Windows NT 4.0, or
Windows 2000 operating systems.
ProTesT give the user control of relay testing including:
• Creating and editing test plans for any type of relay
• Using ProTesT macros to test relay functions
• Running tests automatically
• Logging date and time stamped results
• Plotting characteristics
• Generating test reports
• Using relay settings to define test parameters and expected values
• Replaying records
• Providing fault parameters studies
• Using either F6000 or F2000 to run the same Test Plan, subject to
source capabilities
• Storing test plans and results in an ODBC-compliant client-server
database
72A-1585 Rev. C 8/02 1-1

Introducing ProTesT
ProTesT
F2000 Series F6000 Series

Power System OR Power System
Simulators Simulators
Figure 1.1 Automated Relay Testing with ProTesT
The ProTesT Starter Kit is required for each test instrument to run ProTesT
macros where the:
• F2000 Instrument uses the F2910 ProTesT Starter Kit
• F6000 Instrument uses the F6910 Simulator Control and
Automation Module
Refer to Table 1.1 for the items ProTesT requires to communicate with
the F2000 and F6000 Instruments:
Table 1.1 Communication Between ProTesT and the Test Instrument
F2000 Test Instruments: F6000 Test Instruments:
RS-232 interface, 9600 baud, RS-232 or an Ethernet interface:

25-pin connector, full duplex • RS-232, 57600 baud, 9-pin
connector
• Ethernet, 10 base 2,
BNC coaxial connector
1-2 72A-1585 Rev. C 8/02

ProTesT User Guide
ProTesT Macros
ProTesT provides macros to test relay functions. These macros offer the
following features:
• Pickup and dropout
• Time characteristics
• Ohmic reach and plot
• Differential relay testing
• Frequency relay testing
• Synchronizer relay testing
• SSIMUL Macro for dynamic testing
• TRANS Macro for transient testing
ProTesT Plans
ProTesT macros are bundled in ProTesTPlans™ licensed for
company-wide use. Each ProTesTPlan includes macros to conduct tests
for a family of relays. Each of the seven plans corresponds to a type of
relay: A, F, I, P, T, V, and Z. The seven plans contain macros for these
types of tests:
A Plan Autosynchronizing Relay Test (ASYNC Macro)
F Plan Frequency (under/over frequency, time characteris-
tic)
I Plan Current (overcurrent, pickup and dropout,
instantaneous, time characteristic)
P Plan Power System Model (calculate test values to be
used in SSIMUL dynamic tests)
T Plan TRANS Macro for replaying COMTRADE wave-
form files (does not support the F2000 Series at this
time)
V PlanVoltage (under/overvoltage, time characteris-
tic)
Z Plan Distance (reach, maximum torque angle,
characteristic)
TRANS TRANS macro for replaying COMTRADE
waveform files for the F2000 Series
To use a macro in ProTesT, specify macro parameters in standard
engineering units of voltage and current amplitude, phase angle, and
frequency. For more information, see Table 1.2 on page 1-9.
72A-1585 Rev. C 8/02 1-3

Introducing ProTesT
Benefits
ProTesT provides:
• Automated relay calibration tests
• Standardized test plans with repeatable results, a quality system
requirement
• Ability to test complete protection schemes under simulated
power system conditions
• Better test results with less time and fewer people
ProTesT Function Menus

ProTesT functions are accessed from the menu bar on the ProTesT main
menu. Access a menu or toolbar selection with a single-click or use
shortcut keys to access the most frequently used menu functions.
Figure 1.2 ProTesT Menu Bar with Database Drop-down Menu Displayed
The menu functions of ProTesT are:

Database Create a new database, open an existing database,
close the current database, Print Setup, or Exit.
1-4 72A-1585 Rev. C 8/02

ProTesT User Guide
Edit Cut, Copy, and Paste apply to one or more selected

records, using standard Windows conventions.
Insert and Append add a new record to the
selected list view of a location, relay, or Test Plan.
Delete removes one or more selected records.
Move Up and Move Down adjust the order of
records shown in the list view.
Find searches for and locates records that match
the search criteria.
Macro Opens a selected test in a Test Plan. Closes an
open test Macro, or Saves it while it is still open.
Run executes the selected Macro either at the test
view or at the Test Plan list view. Autorun executes
a sequence of macros automatically. Refer to
Chapter 5 for details.
Setup Opens a dialog to configure ProTesT.
View Controls whether the toolbar and the status bar
appear in the main display.
Tools
F6000 Control Panel
The Control Panel is a virtual front panel for the
F6000 Instrument.
F6000 Configuration
Before running the F6000, it is necessary to set up
the desired source configuration. Up to 8 sources
can be configured, in various combinations of
voltage and current sources. Refer to ”F6000
Configuration” on page 3-11 for details.
F6000 Flash Loader
Installs firmware.
F6000 Key Code
Installs F6000 options.
F6000 IP Set
Changes the F6000 Instrument's IP address for
Ethernet communications.
72A-1585 Rev. C 8/02 1-5

Introducing ProTesT
Power System Model

Invokes optional power system model for SSIMUL
Macro. This selection is available only at the
SSIMUL Macro screen.
Vector Calculator
Calculates Doble source values for phase-to-phase
tests.
Graph
Plots Test Results from one or more characteristic
test Macros.
Export/Import
Not implemented.
Import SS1 files
Imports simulation tests from DOS SSIMUL.EXE
stored in .SS1 files. Multiple simulations from one
file are imported as individual SSIMUL Macros in
the currently selected Test Plan.
Convert ProTesT Database
Updates the SQL database from a previous release
of ProTesT, if necessary. This feature copies from
the old database to a newly created one.
Change Password
Opens dialog to change the password on the open
database.
Enter Password
If a database is opened with the incorrect password
or without a password, use Enter Password to open
the database for full access.
Reports Opens a display to select a Doble standard test
report.
Window Arrange windows to view more than one database
record; e.g., to compare or to copy and paste.
Help Access Help. Select About ProTesT to see the
software version, the product code number, and
the installed ProTesT Plans.
1-6 72A-1585 Rev. C 8/02

ProTesT User Guide
ProTesT Architecture
ProTesT organizes relay test data in a tree view hierarchy like folders in
Microsoft Windows Explorer. In ProTesT, the folders are location records
that can represent substations in a utility.
Location Tree
The Location tree organizes user-defined Relays and Test Plans. When a
new database is created, the Location tree is empty.
Click Edit|Append to create a new location. Then, type a descriptive
name and press Enter to confirm. Single-click a tree view record to
select, or double-click a record in the list to view the contents.
Relay
Relay identifies relays by name and number.
Test Plan
The Test Plan is a list of user-defined macros for a relay. Steady state
macros in a Test Plan test individual relay functions, such as reach,
instantaneous overcurrent, reverse current response, and timing.
Dynamic tests can be added using the SSIMUL Macro. Transient tests can
be added using the TRANS Macro.
Macros are added to the List View by selecting Edit|Insert to insert a
new test in front of the currently selected record, or Edit|Append to
append a new test at the end. Fill in a name, select the macro, and enter
optional comments. Other fields on the list show the time stamp of the
last Macro edit, and the last test date. The Eval column shows the last
Test status, if there are Test Results.
NOTE Doble recommends that standardized nomenclature be used for easier

access to relay records. Settings and test data for all relays in a
protection system can be stored in the ProTesT database and arranged
in the location tree.
72A-1585 Rev. C 8/02 1-7

Introducing ProTesT
ProTesT Macros
ProTesT Macros are spreadsheet forms that specify Doble Instrument test
sources, action parameters, and expected results.
When the RUN button is clicked, a Macro performs precisely timed,
standard actions with one or more F2000/F6000 Instrument sources that
include:
• Setting initial Amplitude, Phase, Frequency, and Timer Sense
mode
• Doing Source Action; e.g., Linear Ramp, Pulsed Ramp, or Binary
Search with one or more Action sources
• Recording Operate Value or Operate Time
A ProTesT Macro applies action to a specific source parameter, such as
current amplitude or voltage amplitude. The Macro name in the
examples below indicates the source action:
• PRAMPV for pulsed ramp voltage
• BSRHOI for binary search current
• LRAMPF for linear ramp frequency
• PHROTI/PHROTV for linear ramp phase (or phase rotate)
• RCHLRI is a linear ramp reach test in the Z ProTesTPlans, which
performs the same action as LRAMPI in the I ProTesTPlans
Table 1.2 lists the available Test Macros by ProTesTPlans. See
Appendix C ”ProTesT Macro Reference Guide” for a detailed
explanation of each macro.
1-8 72A-1585 Rev. C 8/02

ProTesT User Guide
Table 1.2 Test Plans and Macros
Special Macros (included in all Plans)
EXTERN (Execute External Program)

NOTEBK (User Notes)
POWER (dc power to relay)
SSIMUL (Dynamic State Simulator)
A Plan: Autosynchronizing Relay Test
ASYNCH
Z Plan: Distance Relays
GONGOI RCHLRV ZPLLRI

GONGOV RCHPRI ZPLLRV
MAXTAI RCHPRV ZPLPRI
MAXTAV TIMEI ZPLPRV
RCHBOI TIMEV ZPXBOI
RCHBOV ZPLBOI ZPXBOV
RCHLRI ZPLBOV
I Plan: Overcurrent and Differential Relays
BSRHOI LRAMPI PRAMPI

CREEPI PHROTI TIMEI
DRAMPI PHSFTI TIMEPH
GONGOI PLOTII TOCPLT
INDPUI
72A-1585 Rev. C 8/02 1-9

Introducing ProTesT
Table 1.2 Test Plans and Macros (Continued)
V Plan: Over/Undervoltage Relays
BSRHOV INDPUV PHSFTV

CLOSEA LRAMPF TFRPLT
CREEPV LRAMPV TIMEPH
DRAMPV PLOTVV TIMEV
GONGOF PRAMPV TOVPLT
GONGOV PHROTV TPHPLT
F Plan: Frequency Relays
CREEPF GONGOF TIMEF

FRDRMP LRAMPF TPHPLT
FRRMPT
P Plan: Power System Model
Exports Test States to SSIMUL

T Plan: Transient Waveform Testing
TRANS: Playback of COMTRADE Waveform Data
1-10 72A-1585 Rev. C 8/02

2. Getting Started
This chapter provides information needed to get started with ProTesT:

hardware and software requirements, and instructions for installing,
configuring, and running the application.
Hardware and Software Requirements

ProTesT requires the following computer hardware and software:
• A personal computer with a Pentium-class processor
• Microsoft Windows 98/ME, Windows NT 4.0, or Windows 2000
• An 800 by 600 VGA, 256 color monitor
• A pointing device such as a Windows compatible mouse
• 100 MB or more of free disk space
• 64 MB or more of RAM (random access memory)
• CD-ROM Drive
Installation Procedure
To install ProTesT:
WARNING For F6000 Instruments, install ProTesT version 1.7 or higher.
1. Insert the ProTesT CD into the CD-ROM drive.

2. From the Windows task bar, select Start|Run.
If E: is the CD-ROM drive letter type E:\Disk1\Setup.exe,
or use the Browse button to manually locate the Setup.exe file.
3. Press ENTER or click OK to launch the ProTesT Installation Wizard.
4. Follow the prompts to install both the Sybase SQL Anywhere Desktop
Runtime Engine and ProTesT.
72A-1585 Rev. C 8/02 2-1

Getting Started
For the installation of the Sybase SQL Anywhere Desktop Runtime

Engine:
• Follow the dialog instructions.
NOTE Answering OK to all dialog instructions sets the default parameters and
is recommended.
• If the Sybase SQL Anywhere Desktop Runtime Engine is already
installed on the machine, the Sybase SQL Anywhere Desktop
Runtime Engine Install Wizard can be cancelled.
• When installing on Windows NT 4.0, the installation procedure
deletes any earlier version of Sybase SQL Anywhere Desktop
Runtime Engine before installing the new version, ensuring that
the new version installs correctly.
NOTE Installing ProTesT overwrites any earlier version of ProTesT stored in
the same installation directory.
• At the User Information window:
• Verify your name and company.
• Be sure to enter a Product Code in the serial number field. The
product code is affixed to the Software Registration Certificate
enclosed with the installation package. This code enables
operation of the ProTesT macros purchased by your company
as ProTesTPlans™. The product code may contain an alpha-
betic o; it never contains a numeric 0. Entering the wrong
character invalidates the code. If an incorrect code is entered,
ProTesT will run as a demo, and no macros can run. To cor-
rect the product code within ProTesT, select Tools|Change
Product Code from the menu bar. Then, enter the correct
code.
• The default directory displayed at installation is c:\Program
Files\Doble\ProTesT. To change the drive or directory, click the
Browse button and enter a path name. The directory is created if it
does not already exist.
2-2 72A-1585 Rev. C 8/02

ProTesT User Guide
Log In
At startup, a login window appears with a default User Name. Refer to
Figure 2.1. Change the name and Click OK to continue. The default User
Name is from the last login. Click the drop down arrow to see a list of
previous logins.
Figure 2.1 Login Display
72A-1585 Rev. C 8/02 2-3

Getting Started
Password
The ProTesT startup screen asks for a Password. The default shown is
DOBLE in clear text. All ProTesT databases have the default password
DOBLE, until a user changes the password for a selected database.
If a special Password has been assigned to a database, and that password
is not used at Login, the user is limited to read-only access; changes and
deletions are not allowed. However, the user can still run tests and save
Test Results, copy test plans for pasting in another database, and enter
comments on the User side of Notebooks.
Changing the Password

After opening a database, the password can be changed.
To change the password:
1. Select Tools|Change Password.
2. Enter the old password first to authorize the change.
3. Enter the new password twice for verification.
NOTE The password is not case sensitive.
2-4 72A-1585 Rev. C 8/02

ProTesT User Guide
ProTesT Main Screen

After Login, the ProTesT main screen appears (Figure 2.2).
Figure 2.2 ProTesT Main Window
72A-1585 Rev. C 8/02 2-5

Getting Started
Setup
To open the Setup dialog box, click Setup in the ProTesT menu bar
(Figure 2.3).
Figure 2.3 Setup Dialog Box
2-6 72A-1585 Rev. C 8/02

ProTesT User Guide
The Setup dialog contains the following fields and sections:

Database Engine The Path for the Database Engine is the installation
path for the SQL Anywhere Desktop Runtime
Engine, normally:
c:\SQLANY50\WIN32\rtdsk50.exe
Verify that this path is correct.
Default Database The path for default database is usually the db
subdirectory under the ProTesT home directory,
for example:
c:\Program Files\Doble\ProTesT\db\ProTesT.db
NOTE If only the path to the database directory is specified, ProTesT opens a
browse window at startup that allows the user to select a database, for
example, c:\Program Files\Doble\ProTesT\db.
System Frequency Enter the default system frequency: 50 or 60 Hz.
This is used as the default for sources added to a
test macro.
AutoRun Delay The delay time between tests in a Test Plan when
AutoRun is selected. This delay allows the relay to
reset fully between macros permitting visual
inspection of the test results. The recommended
value is 3-5 seconds. Refer to ”Autorun”
on page 5-5.
Save Results in AutoRun
Check this box to save all test results when
AutoRun is used. This box should always be
selected.
Automatically Save Results
Check this box to automatically save all test results.
If this box is not checked, a message appears
prompting you to save your results.
Paste Test Results When copying test plans or tests, select whether
test results are to be copied:
• Yes means always copy Test Results.
• No means do not copy Test Results.
• Prompt User every time for the choice
(recommended choice).
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Getting Started
Instrument (Default) In the Instrument section, click the F2 or the F6

radio button to select the default instrument.
Battery Off on Macro Abort
Set this only if the battery is always to be turned off
when a test is aborted. For example, if a POWER
Macro has been run to turn on the battery source, it
may be desirable to leave the battery on if a test is
aborted.
Database Free Space Setting (in MB)
Type in the amount of space needed on the hard
drive for the ProTesT database. The default setting
is 5 MB. Unless disk space is very limited, this
setting should be a large number. If ProTesT finds
insufficient space, it prompts the user to repack the
database. Repacking is a time consuming
operation that cannot be interrupted.
Source Name Scheme
Select the source name scheme to be used for the
Power System Model. These source names are
used when source values are inserted in a SSIMUL
Macro after modeling a fault.
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ProTesT User Guide
F2 Instrument
The Instrument section of the Setup display contains these settings for the
F2000:
Baud Rate
The default baud rate of 9600 is recommended
to match factory default of instruments. Refer to
Table 2.1, and to the F2000 User Guide or F2250
Family of Power System Simulators.
Comm Port
The default is 1.
Doblecol32 Disable
Check this box only if setup errors occur with
F2000 Instruments.
The F2000 Communications Port Settings are set by switches SW2 and
SW3 on the F2000 CPU board, which can be viewed after removing the
F2000 top cover. Use Table 2.1 to check your port settings on the F2000.
Table 2.1 SW 3 Switch Positions and Baud Rates
Baud Rate SW3 - SW3 - SW3 - SW3 -

Switch 1 Switch 2 Switch 3 Switch 4
300 On On Off On
1200 On Off Off On
2400 On On On Off
4800 Off On On Off
9600 Off Off On Off
19.2k On On Off Off
72A-1585 Rev. C 8/02 2-9

Getting Started
F6 Instrument
The Instrument section of the Setup display contains these settings for the
F6000:
Comm Port If communication is through the serial port, set the
Comm Port and the Baud Rate in the Setup display.
The default is 1.
Baud Rate The baud rate for serial port communications must
be 57,600.
IP Address If communication in through the Ethernet port, the
IP address in the IP Address must match the
instrument IP address. The IP address appears in
the Instrument Display on the front panel when
the instrument is turned on and the F6000
firmware boots up.
Connect with Radio buttons to select serial or Ethernet
communication.
Control panel simulation
If the computer is not connected to an instrument,
or if the instrument is switched off, operate the
Control Panel in simulator mode. Simulator mode
is useful for training and for configuring tests that
will be conducted at a later time. To choose this
mode, check the box for Control panel simulation.
NOTE If the computer is not connected to an instrument or if the instrument is
switched off when the F6000 Control Panel is opened, an error message
appears. Acknowledge the error message. Then specify Control panel
simulation in the Setup display, or switch the instrument on.
After all the settings in the Setup display are changed or confirmed, click
OK to accept the modifications and close the display, or Cancel to close
without change.
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ProTesT User Guide
Database Conversion
A new release of ProTesT may include changes to the database schema.
See ”Convert ProTesT Database” on page 3-27.
Change Alert
When attempting to open a database created by an earlier version of
ProTesT, a change alert dialog box may appear (Figure 2.4). Click Yes to
proceed with conversion of the old database. During conversion,
ProTesT creates a new database and copies records from the old
database into the new one. Click No in the dialog box to cancel the
conversion.
\
Figure 2.4 Change Alert Dialog Box
ProTesT III Databases

ProTesT can copy and convert ProTesT III data into a selected database.
A conversion program for ProTesT III databases exists in the Protest
folder. In Windows Explorer, open the Protest folder and double-click on
Protest_III_Convert.exe (default directory c:\Program
Files\Doble\ProTesT). Refer to ”Convert ProTesT III Database”
on page 3-28.
72A-1585 Rev. C 8/02 2-11

2-12 72A-1585 Rev. C 8/02
3. ProTesT Menu Commands
Chapter 3 describes how to use the ProTesT menus and database.
Database Explorer
The ProTesT Database Explorer displays a tree view on the left and a list
view on the right (Figure 3.1).
Tree View
List View
Figure 3.1 ProTesT Database Explorer
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ProTesT Menu Commands
Click a folder in the tree view (Figure 3.2) to select it and see the contents
in the list view. Click the [+] box to expand lower level branches of the
folder, as in Windows Explorer.
Figure 3.2 Expanded Tree View
Double-click a record in the list view to open it and view its contents.
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ProTesT User Guide
How to Select ProTesT Data

• To select a record from the list view, click the desired record.
• To select a set of consecutive records in the list view, hold down
the Shift key and click the first and last records in the list to be
selected. Alternately, hold down the Shift key and use the Down
Arrow or Up Arrow keys to select the desired records.
• To select non-consecutive records from the list view, hold down
the Ctrl key and click the desired records.
How to Edit List View Data

• To edit the record name, click a second time on the record name.
An edit box appears.
• To edit any field other than the record name, single-click to
select.
NOTE Some fields cannot be edited, for example, Macro Type.
To change the name of a record:

1. Select the name in either the tree view or the list view, and click a
second time (two single-clicks rather than a double-click).
An edit line opens.
2. Use the navigation keys – the Home, End, Left and Right arrows, not
the Up or Down arrows – to position the bar cursor.
3. Type in the desired changes.
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Menu Commands
Commands on the ProTesT Database Explorer menu bar (Figure 3.2 on
page 3-2) are explained in the remainder of this chapter. A
context-sensitive menu is available by clicking the right mouse button.
Database Menu
From the Database Menu:
New 1. To create a new database, select New from the Database Menu.
2. In the new database dialog box at File name, enter a database name
and press Save.
A new, empty database is created and is ready to be populated with
data.
NOTE Database names cannot contain any spaces. Certain characters are also
not valid, such as ‘.’ and ‘/’.
Open 1. To open an existing database, select Open from the Database Menu.
2. From the list of databases, select the appropriate database and press
Enter.
Close To close an open database, select Close from the Database Menu.
Printer Setup 1. To change your Windows printer setup, select Print Setup from the
Database Menu.
2. Select the appropriate print parameters to use in ProTesT and press
Enter.
Recent File Used for access to recently opened database files.
Exit To exit ProTesT, select Exit from the Database Menu.
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ProTesT User Guide
Edit Menu
From the Edit Menu, choose:
Cut To cut information:
1. Select one or more records in the list view by
highlighting with the mouse.
2. Select Cut from the Edit Menu or use the Toolbar icon,
which temporarily stores the data in the clipboard and
removes the data from its location.
A second cut or copy operation overwrites the previous
contents of the clipboard.
Copy To copy information:
1. Select one or more records list view by highlighting with
the mouse.
2. Select Copy from the Edit Menu or use the Toolbar icon,
which temporarily stores the data in a clipboard and
leaves the original data intact at its location.
A second cut or copy operation overwrites the previous
contents of the buffer.
Paste To paste information:
1. Position the cursor at the paste location.
2. Select Paste from the Edit Menu or use the Toolbar icon.
Multiple paste operations are possible for multiple
copies.
Insert To add a new record to the list view above a selected
location relay, or Test Plan:
1. Select Insert from the Edit Menu, or use the Toolbar icon.
2. Type the new record name into the box, and press Enter.
3. Fill in any remaining data fields.
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Append To add a new record at the end of the list view of a location,
relay, or Test Plan:
1. Select Append from the Edit Menu, or use the Toolbar
icon.
2. Type the new record name into the box, and press Enter.
3. Fill in any remaining data fields.
Delete To delete one or more selected records from the list view of
a selected location, relay, or Test Plan:
• Select Delete from the Edit Menu, or use the Delete key.
NOTE Edit commands can be applied only to a single item in the tree view.
Find 1. To find a record in the open database, select Find from the Edit Menu,
or use the Toolbar icon. The Find display appears (Figure 3.3).
2. In the Find what field, enter part of the name to be located.
3. Select the database table to be searched (e.g., Relay or Test macro).
4. Select the field to be searched (e.g., Label or Macro type). All
matching records are listed.
5. Select Go To to open one of the records.
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ProTesT User Guide
Figure 3.3 Find Display
Move Down Select a record from the list view, and select Move Down from the Edit
Menu or click the Move Down icon on the Toolbar. The record is moved
one position downward.
Move Up Select a record from the list view, and select Move Up from the Edit
Menu or click the Move Up icon on the Toolbar. The record is moved
one position upward.
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Macro Menu
From the Macro Menu:
Open To open a Macro, select the macro in the list view, then select Open
from the Macro Menu. Alternately, select the macro and press Enter, or
double-click the macro in the list view. ProTesT displays the Test tab
view.
NOTE The Navigation window stays open when a Macro is opened.
Close To close an open Test, select Close from the Macro Menu, or click the
Go Back icon on the toolbar. ProTesT closes the Test tab view.
Save To save changes to a Test with the Test view open, select Save from the
Macro Menu. Alternately, click the Save icon on the Toolbar. ProTesT
saves the Test, and the Test view remains open.
Run To run a Test, select Run from the Macro Menu, click the Run icon on the
toolbar, or press the F12 key. If more than one test is selected on the list
view, the Run function performs an AutoRun sequence on just the
selected tests. Refer to Chapter 5 ”Running a Test”.
AutoRun To start an AutoRun sequence:
1. Select a test on the Test Plan, or open a Test view.
2. Select AutoRun from the Macro Menu or press Al+F12.
AutoRun begins with the currently selected Macro and proceeds
non-stop through all following Macros until it encounters a Notebook
or until the end of the Test Plan. Refer to Chapter 5 ”Running a Test”.
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ProTesT User Guide
Setup Menu
For details on the Setup display and the configuration process, see
Chapter 2 ”Getting Started”.
View Menu
From the View Menu, toggle the toolbar and the status bar on and off.
Tools Menu
The Tools Menu (Figure 3.4) provides access to several utilities.
Figure 3.4 Tools Menu
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F6000 Control The F6000 Control Panel (Figure 3.5) contains all of the functions and
Panel controls needed to conduct manual tests with the F6000 Instrument. To
open the F6000 Control Panel, click Tools|F6000 Control Panel in the
ProTesT menu bar. See Appendix B ”F6000 Control Panel” for more
information on Control Panel settings.
Figure 3.5 F6000 Control Panel
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ProTesT User Guide
F6000 The F6000 sources can be configured to suit test requirements.

Configuration 1. Click Tools|F6000 Configuration in the ProTesT menu bar to open
the F6000 Configuration display (Figure 3.6).
Figure 3.6 Configuration Display
72A-1585 Rev. C 8/02 3-11

2. Click Show Source Summary to show the VA rating and the range
settings for each configured source (Figure 3.7).
Figure 3.7 Configuration Display with Source Summary
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ProTesT User Guide
To configure the sources manually:

1. Select User defined in the Pre-set Configurations pick list.
2. Select the number of convertible sources and the number of current
sources in the two pick lists at the top of the display.
NOTE If the F6150 Instrument does not have the F6810 convertible source
option installed, the sources on the left side of the Configuration display
can be used only as voltage sources.
The two pick lists correspond to the two types of sources available:
Convertible V/I Sources
If Option 6810 is installed, the sources on the left
side of the display can be used as voltage sources
or as low range current sources. Use the Convert-
ible V/I Sources pick list in the F6000 Configura-
tion dialog to specify the number of convertible
sources (Figure 3.7).
Current Sources
The sources in the right half of the display are con-
figurable only as current sources. Use the Current
Sources pick list in the F6000 Configuration dialog
to specify the number of current sources
(Figure 3.7).
The F6000 Configuration dialog box has a graphic display which
represents the voltage and current source output terminals on the
F6000 Front Panel. When a preset configuration is selected, the
source names and layout are displayed in this graphic. For user
defined configurations, the required number of convertible V/I
sources and current sources can be selected. Moreover, the source
names can be chosen from the available options for each source
shown in the graphic.
Once the number of convertible and current sources is specified,
assign a name to each one. Name the sources by choosing from
active pick lists in the middle of the display.
• Voltage sources are typically designated VA, VB, and VC.
• Current sources are typically designated I1, I2, and I3.
• VN is a general label for a fourth voltage source.
• IN is a general label for a fourth current source.
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NOTE Current sources are selected on the basis of 150 VA output. To create a
300 VA source, select 2 current sources. To create a 450 VA source,
select 3 current sources. Then assign each source the same source
name.
To use a pre-set configuration, select one of the options from the Pre-set
Configurations pick list at the bottom of the display:
• User Defined
• 3 Voltages and 3 Currents
• 3 Voltages and 3 Transient Currents
• 4 Voltages and 4 Currents
• 6 Currents (right bank)
• 1 Voltage and 2 Low Range Currents
• 1 Voltage 150 VA and 1 Current 450 VA
• 4 Voltages and 4 Transient Currents
• 6 Voltages
• 6 Low Range Currents
• 6 Low Range Transients
• 6 Transient Currents
• 1 Voltage and 2 Low Range Transients
3. To finish configuring the sources, click one of the three buttons at the
bottom of the display (Figure 3.7 on page 3-12):
• Click OK to configure the sources on the F6000 Instrument and
close the F6000 Configuration dialog.
• Click Cancel to ignore changes to the source configuration and
close the F6000 Configuration dialog.
• Click Apply to configure the sources on the F6000 Instrument
without closing the F6000 Configuration dialog.
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ProTesT User Guide
F6000 Flash The F6000 Flash Loader updates F6000 instrument firmware. Refer to the
Loader F6000 User Guide for details on operation.
F6000 Key Code The F6000 Key Code updates F6000 Instrument options by downloading
a software key. Key codes can be obtained from Doble to update options
in the F6000.
Power System The Power System Model is enabled when the ProTesTPlan is installed
Model and an SSIMUL Macro is displayed.
It contains three tabbed views:
• Primary Ohms
• Secondary Ohms
• Results
When using the Power System Model, the primary impedance values are
entered for the near end source, line, and far end source. Impedance can
be entered in rectangular, polar, or per unit terms. Current and Potential
Transformer ratios are entered to compute secondary values for fault
calculations.
The Power System Model calculates amplitude and phase angle
quantities to simulate power system events in an SSIMUL Macro.
This form of test is called a dynamic test. It can be used to test entire
protection schemes.
The Power System Model represents a two-machine equivalent with
lumped impedance parameters for line and source values. Faults are
simulated on the model with varied fault locations, resistance, and load
flows. Test Plans are created to model power system events such that the
complete relay system is tested for each case modeled. Relay reach and
direction (faults behind and in front) for the various zones and
combinations of zones are tested for each case, and classified as op or
no-op, depending on whether zone protection was enabled. For a Zone 1
relay with ± 5% accuracy, an operation should always occur at 95% of
setting (op case). For a fault at 106% of setting, there should be no
operation (no-op case). These two cases confirm the accuracy of the
relay.
72A-1585 Rev. C 8/02 3-15

Other dynamic relay tests that can be performed are operating time tests
at different system impedance ratios – the ratio of the source impedance
behind the relay to the set impedance of the relay.
Other application tests include:
• Switch onto fault
• Blown fuse, memory, adaptive characteristics
• Programmable logic tests
With dynamic relay testing, these events can be very quickly modeled
and played back using the SSIMUL Macro.
Primary Ohms To work with the Power System Model, obtain the source impedance and
the line impedance for both ends of the line. The impedance is entered
only in primary quantities. Secondary impedance quantities are
calculated automatically by the program from the PT and CT ratios.
Impedances are entered as positive, negative, and zero sequence
components. If the negative sequence impedance is not available, set it
to the positive sequence impedance. If the source impedance is not
available, use these rules:
• Set the positive sequence impedance, negative sequence, and
zero sequence equal to each other.
• For a strong source, set the source impedance to line impedance
ratio (ZS/ZL) between one and five. For example, for a ZS/ZL ratio
of two, set the source impedance equal to two times the line
impedance.
• For a weak source, set the source impedance to line impedance
ratio (ZS/ZL) between five and ten. For example, for a ZS/ZL ratio
of six, set the source impedance equal to six times the line
impedance.
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ProTesT User Guide
To access Primary Ohms or the Power System Model:

1. At the SSIMUL Test tab, click the Power System Model icon in the
toolbar. Alternately, select Power System Model from the Tools
Menu.
The Power System Model defaults to the Primary Ohms tab
(Figure 3.8).
Figure 3.8 Primary Ohms
2. Enter the Base MVA and the voltage level of the line (in kilovolts).
The base MVA and voltage is required only when using Per Unit
impedance quantities. The Base Ohms is recalculated only when
switching from one coordinate system to another system.
3. Choose the correct coordinate system for the primary impedance to
be entered by clicking on the appropriate coordinate system button.
The Power System Model converts the impedances to the desired
coordinate system. Changing the coordinate system of the Primary
Ohms does not change the coordinate system of the Secondary
Ohms.
72A-1585 Rev. C 8/02 3-17

4. Enter the near end source impedance, the line impedance, and the far
end source impedance.
Use the Tab key to advance the cursor or click with the left mouse
button.
• For polar coordinates, enter the magnitude and angle in primary
Ohms.
• For rectangular coordinates, enter the resistance and reactance in
primary Ohms.
• For Per Unit coordinates enter the resistance and reactance in per
unit quantities.
5. Enter the CT and PT ratios.
Enter the ratio as a primary quantity to one secondary quantity. For
example, a 2000/5 CT has a ratio of 400. The CT and PT ratios are
used to calculate the secondary impedance and fault voltages and
currents seen by the relay.
NOTE If only secondary data is available, use CT Ratio = PT Ratio = 1.
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ProTesT User Guide
Secondary Ohms To access Secondary Ohms from the Power System Model:
1. Select the Secondary Ohms tab to see calculated secondary
quantities (Figure 3-13).
Nothing can be entered in the Secondary Ohms tab (Figure 3.9);
these are calculated quantities only.
Figure 3.9 Secondary Ohms
2. To choose the coordinate system for the secondary impedance, click

the appropriate coordinate system button.
The Power System Model converts the impedances to the desired
coordinate system. Changing the coordinate system of the Secondary
Ohms does not change the coordinate system of the Primary Ohms.
72A-1585 Rev. C 8/02 3-19

Results To specify the type of fault and fault location, select the Results tab
(Figure 3.10).
Figure 3.10 Results Tab: Calculated Fault Quantities
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ProTesT User Guide
The Results tab contains the following fields:

• Fault type: Provides the following options:
• Load Flow
• Phase-to-Ground = Ph-G (A-G fault)
• Phase-to-Phase = Ph-Ph (B-C fault)
• Three Phase = 3 Ph (A-B-C fault)
• Phase-to-Phase-to-Ground = Ph-Ph-G (B-C-G fault)
• Location %: Allows moving the fault on the line.
The percentage is the distance from the near end to the fault. For
example, entering 60 in this field places the fault 60 percent of
the line length from the near end or 40 percent from the far end.
The Power System Model also allows percentages to be entered
up to 999% to test different zones of protection. To create a fault
at more than 100% of the line, set the far end source equal to 0
for realistic values.
• Gnd res.: Allows entering the total ground fault resistance in
secondary Ohms.
• Arc res.: Allows entering the fault arcing resistance for
phase-to-phase faults in secondary Ohms.
• Load Angle: Allows entering the load angle in degrees.
This is the angle between the voltages at terminals of the
machines of the near source and the far source. Positive angle
provides load flow from the near source to the far source (that is,
into the line), and negative angle provides load flow from the far
source to the near source (that is, into the bus).
• Source Voltage: Allows entering the terminal voltage for the near
and far end sources.
• Radial Model: Creates a radial model from the data entered in the
Primary Ohms control folder.
The check box has a toggle action. Clicking on the box enters a
check mark and creates the Radial Model; clicking again
unchecks the box and restores a double-ended model.
Choosing Radial Model requires a decision about whether the
line is to be radial from the near end or the far end. Select the
correct radial model by clicking the correct selection box.
• Show Sequence Components: Shows the sequence components
for the fault values shown. Uncheck the box to remove the
sequence components.
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Make States for The Make States button creates a three-state fault: Pre-fault, Fault and
SSIMUL Macro Post-fault. The states are automatically appended to the open SSIMUL
Macro. Only the fault data from the near end is inserted in the fault state.
The load flow voltage and current data is inserted into the pre-fault state.
The load flow voltage is inserted into the post-fault state.
More than one fault can be added to a SSIMUL Macro, creating a
dynamic test that tests several fault conditions in one macro.
Once states have been added to SSIMUL from the Power System Model,
they can be edited at the SSIMUL test screen.
NOTE The Power System Model uses the source name scheme selected in
Setup; the default scheme is VA, VB, VC, I1, I2, and I3. If the source
names are not present in the SSIMUL test, a prompt asks whether to add
new sources if required.
Vector Calculator To access the Doble Vector Calculator, choose Reports > Vector
Calculator...
The Vector Calculator consists of a Vector Table and Keypad
(Figure 3.11). Vectors are displayed graphically in the Vector View area.
A user-entered vector formula is displayed in the Formula Box, with a
result shown in the Answer Box.
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ProTesT User Guide
Figure 3.11 Vector Calculator
To enter vector values to the Vector Calculator:

1. Select Polar on the function keypad to enter magnitude and angle or
select Rect to enter real and imaginary values.
2. Enter values directly into cells of the Vector Table using the keyboard
or the numeric keypad of the calculator.
3. Press the Enter key to complete the entry or use the mouse to select
another cell.
4. Click on the Graph check box to see the vector displayed in the
Normal View area.
See Help for more details.
72A-1585 Rev. C 8/02 3-23

Export / Import This function is not implemented. It is intended to export to and import
from a foreign database.
Graph To see characteristic Test Results plotted on a graph, select Tools|Graph.
A Test Result must be selected before any graph can be viewed.
To Plot a Single Result on a graph:
1. Select Tools|Graph|Display Graph.
This opens the graph window (Figure 3.12). If a macro Test tab is
open and a result is displayed, the values will appear on the graph.
Figure 3.12 Display Single Result
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ProTesT User Guide
2. Move the graph window out of the way by dragging it with the
mouse, or minimize it.
The graph window stays open and displays currently selected results.
3. Click More >> to see additional controls (Figure 3.13).
Figure 3.13 Display Single Result with More Selected
4. When finished, close the graph window.
72A-1585 Rev. C 8/02 3-25

To Overlay Multiple Results:

1. Open a characteristic test and from the Menu bar, select
Tools|Graph|Add Results to Graph List.
2. To add results to the graph list, check the Test Results and press OK.
Open other tests and repeat as needed. Up to ten results can be
overlaid.
3. From the Menu bar, select Tools|Graph|Display Graph.
4. Click the Multiple Results radio button in the lower left-hand corner
of the graph window.
A graph list appears on the right side of the full graph window.
The graph window can be moved, minimized or closed.
NOTE To clear overlaid results, select Tools|Graph|Add Results to Graph List,
then click Empty Graph List or Remove All.
Import SS1 files Imports data from DOS SSIMUL.EXE stored in .SS1 files. A Test Plan must
be selected before using Import SS1 Files. Multiple simulations can be
imported from a single .SS1 file. Each simulation is converted as a single
SSIMUL Macro in the currently selected Test Plan.
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ProTesT User Guide
Convert ProTesT To open an old ProTesT database in a new release of ProTesT, it may be
Database necessary to convert the old database. Use Convert Database to copy the
old database to a database that is compatible with the new ProTesT
release (Figure 3.14).
Figure 3.14 Convert Database
To convert a database:
1. Select Convert ProTesT Database in the Tools Menu.
2. Enter the path to the old ProTesT database, or use the Browse
window.
3. Enter the name of the new converted ProTesT database.
If the path is not the same as that for the old database, enter the new
path or locate it using the Browse window.
NOTE Confirm that the previous ProTesT database is located on the local
hard drive.
4. Click Convert.
When the conversion is complete, the new database can be opened.
72A-1585 Rev. C 8/02 3-27

Convert In Windows Explorer, open the Protest folder and double-click on

ProTesT III Protest_III_Convert.exe to open the Select Databases display
Database (Figure 3.15). Use the display to convert a ProTesT III database and
create new records in the selected ProTesT database file.
Figure 3.15 Convert ProTesT III Database
NOTE The target database must be a non-existing database name.
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ProTesT User Guide
To convert a database:
1. In Windows Explorer, go to the C:\Program Files\Doble\ProTesT
folder.
2. Find and double-click the file called ProTesT_III_Convert.exe.
3. This starts the conversion program.
4. In the Protest Database box, browse till you find the path of the
database that you wish to convert, for example:
C:\ProTesT3\db\location.dbf
NOTE Be sure to select the location.dbf file.
5. In the ProTesT Database box, enter a new database name.
Do not use spaces or ./ - in the DB name
Click Convert to begin the Database conversion.
Change/Enter Click Change Password in the Tools Menu to change an existing
Password password.
72A-1585 Rev. C 8/02 3-29

Doble Reports
Click Reports in the top menu bar to open the Reports dialog
(Figure 3.16). Use the Reports dialog box to select and print standard test
reports.
Figure 3.16 Reports Dialog
The scope of a report is limited to what is selected in the tree view of the
Doble Explorer. For example, if a relay is selected in the tree view, the
report includes only test plans and test results for that relay.
The following standard reports are available in the Reports dialog box:
Current List Shows the contents of the current list view, where
the last test date and test result are shown.
Exception This is a Test Activity report, but only for those tests
whose last result was Fail.
NoteBook Lists contents of all NOTEBK Macros within the
scope of the report.
Test Activity Lists all the tests and test plans within the scope of
the report, including the date the relay was last
tested and the evaluation summary (Pass or Fail).
Test Plan Activity Lists all test plans within the scope of the report,
and the latest date of any test result.
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Test Results Shows detailed results for all tests within the scope
of the report. Use the Test Results Date Parameters
dialog to specify the results to include
(Figure 3.17). The default is to report only the last
test result. If Query By Date is selected, enter a
date range. All the test results within that range are
reported. Note, however, that NOTEBK Macros
have no results and are not included.
To generate a report:
1. Click Report in the ProTesT menu bar.
2. Select a standard report from the pick list.
3. Select Print Preview to see the report on screen.
If the Test Results report is selected, the Test Results Date Parameters
dialog box appears (Figure 3.17). Use the dialog box to select results
within a specified date range.
Figure 3.17 Test Results Date Parameters
4. Enter the date, month, and year in the From Date and To Date fields.
5. Click the Query By Date radio button.
72A-1585 Rev. C 8/02 3-31

6. Click OK.
The Doble Reports display appears with a preview of the selected test
results (Figure 3.18).
Go to Go to Print
first page next page Report Refresh
Go to Go to Printer Save File

Close previous page last page Setup (Export)
Figure 3.18 Report Document: On-Screen Preview
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ProTesT User Guide
For the best view of the report, select full screen and Page Width
magnification.
NOTE When previewing a document on the screen, the scroll bar and
Page Down/Page Up buttons access only the current page.
Click the Page Forward button in the toolbar at the top of the preview
display to turn the page.
• A black Page button indicates more pages exist.
• A gray Page button indicates no more pages exist.
Use the Last Page button to go to the last page. Similar control buttons go
to the previous page and first page of the report.
To select a printer, single-click the Printer Setup icon in the reports
toolbar.
To save the report as a file:
1. Click the Save File icon located on the toolbar.
The Export display appears (Figure 3.19).
Figure 3.19 Export Drop Down List
2. Select the appropriate file format for the report from the Format
pick list.
To edit the report in Word, for example, select Word for Windows
document.
3. Select the location for the saved report from the Destination pick list.
4. Click OK.
The report is saved in the format and location specified.
72A-1585 Rev. C 8/02 3-33

Window Menu
Arranges ProTesT windows for viewing, comparing, copying, and pasting
Test Plan and test data.
Cascade Arranges all open windows in an overlapping format with the title bars
displayed, such as Navigation window and Macro tab.
Tile Arranges all open windows in a tile format with the title bars displayed.
Arrange Icons This function is not implemented.
Help Menu
Click Help in the top menu bar to open ProTesT help.
Index Opens the table of contents to online help. Help includes much of the
information in this User Guide.
Using Help Provides basic information about how to navigate and use a Windows
Help System.
About ProTesT Provides the following information about ProTesT:
• Version number
• Product Code or serial number, which determines what
ProTesTPlan Macros are available
NOTE When looking at a Test, press the F1 key, and Help opens to the test
macro, showing how the macro action works.
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Toolbar Summary
Toolbar icons are shortcuts to menu bar functions. Place the cursor on an
icon to see a tool tip description. Standard Windows icons are used for
Open, Save, Cut, Copy, and Paste. When a Macro is in view, the
Go Back icon closes the Macro and restores the tree and list view.
Table 3.1 explains each icon.
Table 3.1 Toolbar Command Description
Icon Command Description
Open Opens a database.
Save Saves modified records to the open

database.
Cut Cuts information from a Test Plan or a

record. Places the information on the
clipboard for pasting into another
database.
Copy Copies information from a Test Plan, or a
record for pasting in the open database or
to another database.
Paste Pastes information to the open database.
Move Up Moves the selected record in a list view

upwards.
Move Down Moves the selected record in a list view

downwards.
Find Searches for a record by name and type.
Power System Quick access to the Power System Model

Model when an SSIMUL Macro is open.
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Table 3.1 Toolbar Command Description (Continued)
Vector Calculates phase-to-phase values.

Calculator
Run Runs the currently selected Test.
Go Back Closes the view of a test macro and return

to the navigation view of the database.
Exit Exits from ProTesT.
Help Opens Help for ProTesT.
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4. Creating a Relay Test Plan
This chapter describes how to create a database of relay test plans and
introduces ProTesT macros.
Organizing Databases
Since ProTesT starts by opening a database, the first step is to create your
own database. Create ProTesT Location folders to identify relays and test
plans for specific substations. A Location folder can be used for every
substation in a geographic or business unit region or as a library to
contain sample relay test plans for common relays found in each
substation.
Creating Test Plans

To create a Test Plan for a specific substation using the ProTesT library:
1. Copy an appropriate Test Plan from the library.
2. Paste the plan into a Location folder.
3. Adjust the test parameters to the specific relay settings required.
Keep the following three key issues in mind when creating test plans:
• Create standard test plans.
Since a standard test sequence runs the same every time under
ProTesT, results can be compared exactly.
• Use standard names.
A standard format for Relay IDs and serial numbers is also
important, as well as for substation folders and test names. This
makes it possible to do a meaningful database search using
Edit|Find.
• Create a standard test setup.
Creating a standard configuration of test equipment makes it
possible to have a standard test procedure, using a common set of
voltages and currents, with common wye or delta connections to
the relay or test panel. This simplifies technician training and run
time operation.
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Creating a Relay Test Plan
Adding Relays
To add relays to a Test Plan:
1. From the menu bar, select Edit|Append to add a new Location and
open it.
For a large substation, it may be convenient to add sub-folders to
represent terminals. A Location folder can contain either all
sub-folders or all Relay records, but not both.
2. Add Relay records, using a meaningful Relay ID, since this can be
used later as a search key.
Serial number, manufacturer abbreviation, and function description
are optional.
For the first time ProTesT user, it may be helpful to start by adding only a
few relays, especially when adding more complex numerical relays
which are more difficult to test manually, or older relays in critical
applications requiring coordination tests.
Adding Test Plans

Each Relay record can have more than one Test Plan. Often, only one
Test Plan per relay is needed, however it may be useful to have different
test procedures for acceptance or commissioning vs. routine calibration.
Consider the following when determining how many test plans to create:
• Test equipment to be used
• The number of voltage and current sources available
• VA power the sources have
Even testing a numeric relay can require high power, if high overcurrent
multiples are being used. Therefore, creating separate test plans for
different Doble test set configurations may be helpful.
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ProTesT User Guide
Finding Test Plans

The Doble ProTesT library, provided with the software, contains sample
test plans for a large number of relays. Many of these are ready to run,
but most require tuning for the specific application. Other resources
include instructions from the relay manufacturer and existing company
procedures for manual testing.
Since ProTesT macros let the user select voltage and current sources and
their values, it is easy to transcribe manual test procedures into an
automated macro. Most macros do simple source operations like an
A-to-B step test or a linear ramp. If a test can be done manually, a
ProTesT macro can be created to obtain the same result. Once the macro
is coded, it runs faster and is exactly repeatable.
NOTE Remember, if a test result from an automated test is a “Fail”, manual
testing can help determine the cause.
Verifying and Improving Test Plans

After a Test Plan is created, it must be verified to prove that it works as
expected. Later, the Test Plan can be improved to make it run in less time
or to avoid excessive current load on the relay. Also, macros can be
added to obtain more complete time, distance, or differential
characteristics, since little extra time is needed using ProTesT.
Managing Test Data

The easiest way to manage data with ProTesT is to treat substation test
plans in a database like books in a lending library. An office computer
may act as a library, where one or more databases contain test plans and
accumulated test results for all substations.
When it is time to test relays, a copy of the database or the substation test
plans is borrowed to go to the field. For example, data can be copied
from a desktop office computer to a technician’s laptop. The laptop is
then used to run the tests and add new test results in the same way that a
handwritten journal is updated. The borrowed data, augmented with new
test results, is returned to the office library.
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Copy ProTesT Data To copy data from one ProTesT database to another:
1. Select one or more records in the open database.
• A single Location folder or Relay can be selected in the tree view
• Multiple records can be selected in the list view
2. Click the Copy icon on the toolbar, or select Edit|Copy, or press
Ctrl+C.
Paste and Transfer To create a database to receive the copy:
1. Select Database|New.
Alternatively, open an existing target database. The target should
reside on a hard drive or other high capacity drive.
A dialog box asks whether ProTesT data in the copy clipboard should
be saved.
2. Click Yes to open the new database.
3. To insert the copied data, click the Paste icon on the toolbar, or select
Edit|Paste, or press Ctrl+V.
The data is then copied to the target database.
4. Use Windows Explorer to transfer the target file to the laptop, via
networking, Internet, or high capacity media.
For a large database, file compression may be desirable for the
transfer.
Update and Return Use the copied data to test relays. Reverse the above procedure (”Paste
and Transfer”) to update the master copy in the office. For a large
database, it may be necessary to have a database administrator manage
the updates.
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ProTesT Macros
A ProTesT macro controls Doble voltage and current sources. Each
macro type follows a particular algorithm for changing one or more
source values, called Action values. The user identifies the sources to
use, their amplitude, phase, and frequency, and which values are Action
values.
Macro Tables
Each macro consists of tables that define Doble sources, values, and
Action parameters. The tables are shown on several tabs beginning with
the Test tab (Figure 4.1).
Figure 4.1 Test Tab
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Test Tab To enter data to the Test tab:

1. Select source names in the Src column from the drop-down list or by
typing the two-character name.
Default frequency (Freq), inserted automatically from Setup, can be
changed if necessary.
2. Enter amplitude and phase values in the Ampl and Phs columns.
At least one source parameter must be labeled “Action”.
Most macros use only one parameter as Action. For example, one
current amplitude or voltage amplitude may be used, but not both,
although more than one source can have the same Action parameter.
3. Enter the expected test result and pass/fail tolerance values under
Results.
When a test is opened, the Results field shows Current Conditions.
These are the expected result and tolerances and they can be
changed. The Results drop-down list shows prior test results,
including expected results, % errors, and pass/fail indications.
Although these results can be seen in the table entry, they cannot be
changed.
4. To set new expected or tolerance values, select Current Conditions.
Pass/Fail If no expected value or tolerance is entered, the test result is recorded
simply as “Op” (operate) or “No Op” (no operation). If an expected value
is entered, the error is calculated and reported, but the test result is “Op”.
Otherwise, pass/fail is determined by applying the tolerances. A
one-sided tolerance is indicated by entering only one tolerance value.
The second tab, the Action tab, is shown in Figure 4.2.
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Figure 4.2 Action Tab
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Action Tab The Sense section on the Action tab defines the relay operate signal to
the Doble instrument and the Action table supplies parameters for the
macro.
1. For Sense, select contacts or voltage as the operate signal and the
transition from the drop-down menus.
As an example, contacts would be open to close (O→C) for pickup,
while dropout would be C→O.
2. From the drop-down menu, identify by source name the sense input
terminals that are to receive the operate signal.
The default, “MA” (Master), identifies either the F2000 instrument
with the green Master LED lit or Input 1 on the F6000.
Refer to Chapter 6 ”Sense Input” for details on Sense Delay and Sense
Duration.
3. Select zero crossing from the drop-down menu.
Zero crossing is normally System; that is, Action changes occur when
the Doble reference frequency (50 or 60 Hz internal crystal or line
synch) has a positive zero crossing.
Source means that changes occur at the positive zero crossing of each
source. Therefore, if a phase offset exists between Action sources
with Source zero crossing, they change value in phase delay order
rather than at the same time, which is not usually desirable.
4. Fill in the Action table for each macro.
Refer to the specific descriptions provided in Appendix C ”ProTesT
Macro Reference Guide”.
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The Prefault tab is shown in Figure 4.3.
Figure 4.3 Prefault Tab
Prefault Tab Many macros have a Prefault tab. This allows an initial state of normal
voltage and current to be applied to a relay before the Action begins. The
sources previously entered to the Test tab are displayed in this tab.
To enter data to the Prefault tab:
1. Modify the amplitude and phase, if necessary.
2. Enter the prefault duration.
The duration should be long enough for the relay to initialize before
the fault condition is applied by the Action.
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The next tab, the Notebook tab, is displayed in Figure 4.4.
Figure 4.4 Notebook Tab
Notebook Tab This is a two-column area for free-format text. The columns are labeled
Originator for notes to guide the tester, and User for comments from the
tester. For example, Originator notes can indicate when to change test
leads while User comments can record the results of visual inspection. A
page selection box allows the user to scroll through all the Notebook
pages in the Test Plan without losing position in the Test Plan.
NOTE If notes are present for a macro, a Notebook icon appears on the status
bar below the Test tab.
Report Tab The Report tab presents a print format report of test parameters and notes.
A test result can optionally be selected for inclusion in the report.
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ProTesT User Guide
Selecting a Macro
ProTesT macros perform steady state, dynamic state, or transient tests.
Steady State Test

Most ProTesT macros perform steady state calibration tests, such as those
recommended by the relay manufacturer. These automate common
manual tests that verify relay settings.
Amplitude and In a simple test, amplitude and phase for current and voltage are set close
Phase to fault values, and the current (Action) may be changed until the relay
operates, which stops the test. The Action value, whether amplitude or
phase, is stepped by increments and held for the specified number of
cycles, just as a tester would do manually from a control panel.
A user-configured ProTesT macro automatically downloads the preset
values to the instrument, which executes the Action precisely every time
the macro is run. This is both accurate and repeatable. If more than one
source is being stepped, all step together, synchronized to a common
clock. Typically, the internal instrument crystal is the reference frequency
(50 or 60 Hz), but sometimes it is useful to designate line frequency
reference (FL), from the wall socket.
Frequency Entering source frequency as a number implies using the instrument
crystal reference in Variable Frequency mode. Any frequency within
the capability of the Doble instrument can be entered, such as 59.77 or
1000 Hz, but if different sources are assigned different frequencies, the
frequencies must be harmonics of a common base. ProTesT calculates a
common base from the numeric values entered and reports an error if no
common base exists. Alternatively, base frequency and harmonics can be
explicitly entered as: FX (crystal base) and FX*2 (second harmonic), or
FL (line frequency) and FL*2.
A frequency Action ramp shifts frequency in a continuous, Hz/sec,
manner, rather than in large steps. It is also possible to identify one
source to be at instrument base frequency (FX), while another source
frequency is Action. In F2000, the FX frequency must be assigned to
source 1 (the top source) of the Master instrument, if the other sources
have Action frequency.
Macro Name The macro name is a mnemonic that identifies the Action algorithm and
the source parameter used. For example, LRAMPI is a linear ramp of
current amplitude; LRAMPV is a ramp of voltage amplitude; and
LRAMPF is a ramp of frequency. PHROTV and PHROTI rotate (ramp)
phase.
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Dynamic State Test

The SSIMUL macro performs a dynamic test. Amplitude and phase of
voltage and current sources are changed simultaneously in a sequence of
sine wave values that approximate a fault condition. Unlike a steady state
macro, which stops as soon as the relay operates, the SSIMUL state
playback continues to the end. When it is over, ProTesT checks timer
values to determine whether relay operation occurred.
The advantage of dynamic testing is that it presents a realistic fault to a
relay, and the test can do more than verify set points of individual relay
elements. A fault can be applied to a single relay or to a larger protection
scheme. The source values used are derived from fault studies for the
relaying point, and these can be used to test reclosing actions, blocking
schemes, and the effect of evolving faults.
Transient Test
Like SSIMUL, the TRANS macro plays a realistic fault through Doble
sources, but unlike SSIMUL, TRANS plays point-by-point transient
waveforms.
The TRANS macro allows the user to import waveform data from industry
standard COMTRADE files, select channels and a time frame of interest,
and save these for playback with ProTesT. For F2000 instruments, digital
source names are any valid source name with an L1 or L2 suffix, such as
VAL1, VBL2, or l2L2. For F6150 instruments, digital source names are
any valid source name with an L1 suffix, such as VAL1, VBL1, or l2L1. As
with SSIMUL, timers can be set up to record relay response. TRANS is
particularly useful for testing the effect of dc offset, harmonic content,
and l/r delay in a fault.
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Constructing A Test Plan

Opening a ProTesT Test Plan displays a list of macros on a Test tab, along
with two other tabs: Connection Table and Notebook. The Connection
Table tab is displayed in Figure 4.5.
Figure 4.5 Connection Table tab
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Connection Table
To fill in the Connection Table for identifying the Doble sources and
default values to be used in individual tests:
• Enter source names, normal amplitude and phase, and the initial
relay terminals to which the source leads are to be connected.
Source names and values entered in the Connection Table are
automatically filled in whenever a new test is added to the Test
Plan. Values in the new test can then be modified as needed, and
sources added or removed.
The discipline of creating a Connection Table can lead to designing a
better test procedure by focusing attention on the use of source
connections in a way that minimizes the number of lead changes during
the Test Plan. The number of sources available, and the order in which
tests are executed, can often be configured to simplify wiring changes
during the Test Plan.
Changing leads can be the source of operator error, particularly if tests
are re-run or run out of order. Lead changes take time away from running
tests. Where possible, it is best to set up all source connections and sense
leads one time at the beginning. Manual setups take more time and are
more error prone; running ProTesT is the easy part.
Notebook
The Test Plan and each test macro have a Notebook tab (similar to
Figure 4.4 on page 4-10), to record setup instructions, relay settings, and
run time observations. Notebook text can be copied and pasted from one
Windows application to another using standard Copy/Paste commands.
A NOTEBK macro is a pure Notebook that is often inserted into a Test
Plan to advise the operator to change leads or relay settings before the
next test can be run. A good Test Plan usually begins with a NOTEBK
macro to explain the test procedure that follows.
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ProTesT User Guide
POWER Macro and BT Source

For a solid state or numerical relay, the Doble battery simulator (source
BT) can be controlled by ProTesT to supply dc logic power to the relay.
In that case, a POWER macro should be added at the start of the Test
Plan. When it is run, BT is turned on to power the relay, and BT remains
on continuously while the Test Plan is open. Without the POWER macro,
BT would turn on and off with other sources as each test is run. Another
POWER macro can be run later in the test sequence if it is necessary to
turn off BT for the following test.
Alternatively, it is possible to turn the BT source on manually with a
switch on the F2000, or with the Control Panel on the F6000. ProTesT
recognizes that BT is on, but will not touch the source. Thus, if BT is
turned on manually, BT must be turned off manually.
NOTE If a test is manually aborted, all sources are turned off for safety. To
keep BT on after an abort, open ProTesT Setup on the menu bar, and
verify that “Battery Off on Macro Abort” is not checked.
Selecting a Test Macro

For further details on the following macros, refer to the detailed
descriptions found in Appendix C ”ProTesT Macro Reference Guide”.
CREEP
The CREEP macro can reproduce the manual minimum pickup test. The
computer keyboard or mouse is used to step the current up or down.
CREEP also allows the user to indicate pickup from the keyboard, which
is useful if relay response is only a visual indicator such as a target drop.
Although this is a manual test, source setup is automatic and the result is
recorded in the ProTesT database.
CREEP action can be applied to current (CREEPI), voltage (CREEPV), and
frequency (CREEPF).
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GO/NOGO
GO/NOGO is a simple A-to-B test. For pickup, GONGOI sets current
amplitude to an initial value (A) and after the offset duration, the test
value (B) is applied and held for a maximum on time. As soon as the
relay operates, the test ends and sources turn off, as is true for all steady
state macros.
Expected Value Steady state macros have expected values to determine Pass/Fail.
Although this is optional, a good test record normally requires it. For
GONGOI, as the name implies, the result is either Operate (Op) or No
Operation (No Op).
GO/NOGO action can be applied to current (GONGOI), voltage
(GONGOV), and frequency (GONGOF). Go/NoGo for phase is a phase
shift, done with PHSFTI and PHSFTV.
Time Test
A time test, like TIMEI, is an A-to-B test that adds a timer to record
operating time. In this case, expected value is an operate time, whether
the Action parameter is current (TIMEI), voltage (TIMEV), phase
(TIMEPH), or frequency (TIMEF). TOCPLT (Time Overcurrent Plot) runs a
sequence of time tests at specified multiples of tap, which can be
displayed as a time curve. There are similar time plot tests for voltage,
phase, and frequency.
Linear Ramp
Linear ramp of current or voltage amplitude is one of the most common
test methods. For example, LRAMPI can be used to test minimum pickup
of a definite time relay, such as a winding on an HU or STD differential
relay. However, LRAMPI is not the best option for a variable time relay,
such as with inductive disk overcurrent. The INDPUI macro is better
suited for this situation. However, linear ramp is simple, and everything
important about all other macros can be learned from using the linear
ramp.
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Linear Ramp LRAMPI begins at an offset (A) and ramps toward a limit (E), as shown in
Algorithm Figure 4.6 on page 4-17. The amplitude proceeds in a series of steps,
incrementing by a fixed delta value (C), and waiting a delta time (D) to
allow the relay to pick up at that value. As soon as pickup is sensed, the
macro stops and the amplitude is recorded. If no pickup occurs after the
limit is reached, the macro ends with a No Op.
Figure 4.6 shows the ramp starting at a low value and ramping to a
higher limit, however LRAMPI can start at a high offset and ramp down
toward a lower limit as in a dropout test or in the related macro
LRAMPV, for an undervoltage test. The offset or offset duration can be 0.
Figure 4.6 Linear Ramp Staircase Algorithm
72A-1585 Rev. C 8/02 4-17

LRAMPI Rules LRAMPI rules are listed below. Refer to Figure 4.7.
1. The largest current, whether limit (E) or offset (A), determines the
range of the Doble current source.
This limit must be higher than the expected operate value, but low
enough to select the lowest current range that can make the relay
operate. This ensures that the maximum source power is applied.
Otherwise, the source compliance voltage may not be able to drive
the load, causing a “Source Error” that shuts down the test. This is
especially true for high burden electromechanical relays.
Figure 4.7 LRAMPI Action Parameters
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2. In a pickup test, make the Offset Current close to the expected value.
This makes the test run faster and avoids applying high current to the
relay longer than necessary.
3. The delta current (C) should be a meaningful value, perhaps 10% of
the tolerance.
If the expected = 1.5, and the pass/fail tolerance is 10% or 0.15 amp,
a delta current of 0.01 or 0.02 is good. Although the source allows
milliamp resolution, it may not be useful.
If the delta current is too large, the result may easily exceed the
pass/fail tolerance, even if the relay is working fine.
4. The delta time (D) must be long enough for the relay to notice.
Numeric relays respond very quickly to input changes, but
electromechanical relays take longer. If the delta time is too short, the
ramp races ahead of the relay’s ability to respond, and the recorded
pickup amplitude is too large (or too small).
A good approach when first designing a test is to make the delta time
long enough for the tester to see the relay start to respond at each step
(if a response can be seen), similar to running a manual test. Then
shorten the delta time until relay response becomes erratic. A good
starting delta time is often 10 cycles.
5. Near the pickup point, relays have an inverse operating time.
Since the relays may or may not respond, the delta time should be
much longer than the nominal relay operate time.
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Inductive Pickup
To test inductive disk overcurrent relays, INDPUI is a better choice than
LRAMPI. INDPUI begins by applying a multiple of tap to make the relay
operate right away. Then, a linear ramp begins just above the tap value
and steps downward until the relay drops out. A second ramp turns back
upward looking for pickup. This algorithm is similar to a common form
of manual test. The dropout and pickup values are recorded, and the
average taken as the result. The rules for linear ramp (See page 4-18)
apply here also. Refer to Appendix C ”ProTesT Macro Reference Guide”
for further details.
INDPUI Rules 1. To make the relay operate initially, make the initial amplitude as
small as possible.
This minimizes the impact when the induction disk swings around to
make contact. At a high multiple, the impact is large and there is a lot
of contact bounce. The macro may interpret the bounce as
pickup-dropout-pickup before the downward ramp has barely
moved.
2. On long time constant relays, a high multiple may be necessary for
initial pickup.
To compensate for contact bounce, use Sense Duration as a filter.
Refer to Chapter 5, Sense Input for details on Sense Duration and
Sense Delay.
3. The primary cause of sense instability in INDPUI is contact bounce,
for which Sense Duration is the best filter.
It may also be useful, however, to apply Sense Delay. Whenever
source amplitude is set or changed, Sense Delay causes the Doble
sense input to shut off momentarily. This is useful when high initial
current is applied because it sets a minimum time initial current and a
minimum time the initial ramp step is held, thus allowing the
induction disk to stabilize.
Pulsed Ramp and Double Ramp

Variations on linear ramp are pulsed ramp (PRAMPI, PRAMPV) and
double ramp (DRAMPI, DRAMPV). There is also a frequency double
ramp (FRDRMP).
Pulsed Ramp Pulsed ramp is the same as linear ramp, except that between each ramp
step, the amplitude returns to the offset. This is useful when testing at
high current to allow the relay to cool off between pulses.
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ProTesT User Guide
Double Ramp Double ramp consists of a ramp to pickup followed by a ramp to

dropout. The offset can, however, be held as long as desired before the
ramp begins.
Binary Search
Binary search combines a high-low pulsed search with a linear or pulse
ramp at the end. It is a fast and accurate test method that cannot be
duplicated by manual testing. In most cases, if linear ramp or pulsed
ramp work, binary search works also with the following added
advantages:
• Using pulses, current load on the relay is minimized.
• Regardless of offset and limit, binary search quickly finds the
pickup if it is in the search range.
• If the desired result is No Op, binary search takes only 2 pulses to
determine No Op: one pulse at the midrange, and one at the
limit.
If the relay does not operate at the limit, the test is over.
• There is audible feedback that the test is working.
Beeps indicate that test pulses are causing a pickup. Lack of
audible feedback may indicate that the test setup is incorrect.
NOTE For binary search to work, the relay must reset between test pulses that
cause it to operate. For example, breaker fail detection might have to be
disabled.
Figure 4.8 Binary Search Algorithm
72A-1585 Rev. C 8/02 4-21

Binary Search Like pulsed ramp and linear ramp, binary search uses an offset (A) and a
Algorithm limit (C). Although Figure 4.8 shows the macro searching between a low
offset and a high limit, it can start from a high offset and search toward a
low limit. For BSRHOI, the offset can be normal load current with the
limit higher than the expected pickup.
The search starts halfway between offset and limit. Each test pulse is
halfway between the last No Op value and the last operate value (or the
limit). When test values differ by less than 3 “clicks” (ramp delta value),
the macro switches to a linear or pulse ramp for the actual operate value.
Note that if (G) ramp delta time = 0, a pulsed ramp is used, with pulse
and wait the same as for the search. For details, refer to the description of
BSRHOI in Appendix C ”ProTesT Macro Reference Guide”.
Figure 4.9 BSRHOI Action Parameters
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ProTesT User Guide
Binary Search Rules Use the rules for linear ramp listed in page 4-18. In addition, the
following rules apply:
1. The offset can affect the result, since the first test pulse is determined
by the difference between offset and limit.
Depending on the algorithm of the relay, the linear or pulse ramp
should be used.
2. The wait time must be long enough for the relay to reset or cool
down.
3. Related relay elements not being tested may have to be disabled, if
the test pulse can cause them to operate and to report incorrect
results.
4. If a search finds a pickup point, but the linear ramp at the end fails
resulting in No Op, increase the ramp delta value.
This happens because the ramp takes no more than 15 steps. If the
ramp delta value is too small, however, 15 steps may be undetectable
to the relay.
The electromechanical distance relays are also subject to transient
overreach when pulsed current is applied, whereas a ramp returns
the steady state response. Therefore, Action parameters may require
more tuning to produce desirable results.
To smooth out unwanted response to test pulses, Sense Delay may be
required. For more information, refer to Chapter 6, Sense Input.
5. When creating a new test, start with generous values for pulse
duration and wait.
If the test works, try reducing these values until the test no longer
returns consistent results. This optimizes the test to run faster.
72A-1585 Rev. C 8/02 4-23

4-24 72A-1585 Rev. C 8/02
5. Running a Test
This chapter describes how to set up and run a test.
Test Setup
When a test opens, the Test tab (Figure 5.1) is displayed.
Figure 5.1 Sample Test Tab
Connecting to the Relay

The Test tab documents everything needed to connect Doble sources to
the relay.
Source Names The Test tab identifies the voltage and current sources required to run the
test. The tester must configure the Doble instrument sources to match
these names. This is because only the tester knows where the source
leads are connected, such as which voltage source is “VA” to the relay.
By manually naming the Doble sources, the tester determines which
source terminals to connect to the relay voltage and current inputs.
Source Connections The Test tab documents the relay terminals where Doble sources are
connected. “High” is used for red polarity and “Low” is used for black
ground.
72A-1585 Rev. C 8/02 5-1

Running a Test
BT Source If the Doble Battery Simulator is used, only an allowable dc voltage can
be selected; Phase and Frequency do not apply. If BT is used in more
than one test, insert a POWER Macro to turn BT on and leave it on
throughout the test sequence. Otherwise, BT turns on and off with each
test, forcing the relay to re-initialize. Note, however, that after POWER
runs, its amplitude overrides the BT amplitude in tests that follow.
Sense Connections Sense Connections, a free-format text window that holds up to
25 characters, is used to document where the sense leads connect at the
relay.
Jumpers Like Sense Connections, Jumpers is a 25 character free-format text field
that can be used to note any relay jumpers that must be inserted.
Notebook Tab Further instructions can be documented on the Notebook tab. If notes
exist on the Notebook tab, this icon appears on the right side of the
ProTesT status bar.
How to Connect Sense Leads

F2000 If the test setup has more than one F2000, it is likely that in a sequence of
tests the Action source will move from one F2000 to another, such as
from one phase source to another. The Action tab identifies the sensing
source, which must be an Action and must be on the Master F2000. The
default, “MA”, identifies the Master F2000, whose sense terminals are
armed to respond to relay pickup. If a sense source like “I1” is assigned,
ProTesT ensures that the F2000 containing “I1” is the Master, and its
sense terminals are armed.
If only one output relay contact is used, to eliminate the need to switch
sense leads when the Master changes, connect all F2000 sense terminals
in parallel, with only one set of sense leads connected to the relay. When
the test is run, ProTesT arms only one sense input and the others remain
idle.
F6000 The Action tab sense source “MA” identifies Input 1 on the front panel;
otherwise, the input corresponding to the designated sense source is
used.
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ProTesT User Guide
Run a Test
When setup is complete, the test can be run. To run the test:
• Click the Run button on the toolbar, press F12, or select
Macro|Run from the menu bar.
A test can be run from the test view or from the list view.
Steady state macros execute the following sequence of steps described
below:
• Connect to Doble instrument
• Verify Test parameters
• Indicate a Test is in progress
• Check Sense
• Action algorithm proceeds
Connect to the Doble Instrument

ProTesT attempts to communicate to the Doble instrument using the
connection properties defined in Setup. If there is a problem, a read
failure or communication error is reported. This occurs, for example, if
there is not an instrument connected or the wrong COMM port is
specified.
Verify Test Parameters

ProTesT verifies that all specified test sources are present and that no
duplicate source names exist. Also, ProTesT verifies that source
capabilities can supply the required test values. Any error stops the test.
Test in Progress
A Test in Progress window appears, and initial values for amplitude,
phase, and frequency are set. If a Prefault is specified, those values are
set. Sources turn on and the Offset Duration begins.
Figure 5.2 Test in Progress Window
72A-1585 Rev. C 8/02 5-3

Running a Test
Sense Check
At the end of the Offset Duration, ProTesT determines whether sense
input, indicating relay operation, has already occurred. If so, the test
terminates with a Sense Check error. This can happen in a dropout test,
for example, if the Offset Duration is not long enough, or the initial
conditions are not severe enough for the relay to pick up. Another cause
is incorrect sense settings on the Action tab, such as a setting of O→ C
instead of C→ O. Sense must be clear for the Action to start.
Action
The macro action algorithm proceeds until relay operation is detected.
The test value is recorded and time stamped.
Abort
Tests can be aborted manually or automatically.
Manual Abort
To abort a test manually, click Stop on the Test in Progress window, or
press the spacebar or Enter key. On the F2000, pressing any red key on
the front panel aborts the test also.
Automatic Abort
A Sense Check error automatically aborts a test.
A Source Error also aborts a test, except in the following cases.
• In a Binary Search, the search range can include a value that the
source is unable to drive into the relay load, while the actual
operate point of the relay is much lower value that does not cause
a source error. The macro ignores source errors during the search
phase, but aborts with a source error if the error persists during
the final ramp.
• In multipoint tests, such as time or distance plots, source errors on
individual points are merely recorded as “Source” and the test
continues with the next point. For example, in TOCPLT, if a high
tap multiple causes a source error, other test points may work
with no problem.
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ProTesT User Guide
Autorun
Tests in a Test Plan can be run in a non-stop sequence using Autorun.
1. Select any test on the list view or open a test window.
2. Select Macro|Autorun or press Alt+F12.
After the selected test opens, runs, and posts the results to the screen,
the next test automatically opens and runs. The sequence continues
until either a NOTEBK Macro is encountered, or until the end of the
Test Plan. When a NOTEBK Macro is opened, it may advise changing
source leads or relay parameters.
A ProTesT dialog asks the user whether to continue the Autorun or to
cancel.
If a test is manually aborted or if an error occurs, such as a Sense Check,
Autorun is terminated.
Autorun Delay
In Setup, there is a field called Autorun Delay. This adds a delay time
(seconds) between tests in Autorun to allow the user to view the results of
the preceding test or to allow the relay to reset. If a test fails, there may be
no point in continuing the Autorun. An Autorun delay of 3 to 5 seconds
is recommended.
Multi-run
A block of selected tests in a Test Plan can be run nonstop.
1. Select a test.
• To select sequential tests, hold the Shift key and use the Down
Arrow key or hold the Ctrl key and click the mouse.
• To select non-contiguous tests, use Ctrl and click the mouse.
2. Click the Run icon or press F12.
The selected tests will be run in order, just like with Autorun. If a
NOTEBK Macro is included, the sequence pauses, allowing the user
to continue or cancel further tests.
72A-1585 Rev. C 8/02 5-5

Running a Test
New Test Results

New test results are displayed on the Test tab of all steady state macros.
SSIMUL and TRANS have separate Results tabs that display automatically
when the macro is run. If an expected value and tolerance have been
entered, Pass/Fail evaluation is reported.
Table 5.1 Test Result Messages
Summary Meaning
Pass/Fail Result lies within ± tolerance range of expected value.

No Op Relay did not operate. This may be the desired result.
Op Relay operated, but no tolerance or no expected value
was specified.
Source Source error occurred for one point of multipoint test.
Check source connections, use lower current range,
or use thicker test leads.
Prior Test Results

When a test is opened, the Test tab shows Current Test Conditions in the
Results area. This allows values to be edited.
To see prior results:
1. Click the drop-down Results window and a result list appears in
timestamp order with the most recent results first.
2. Select a result, and its values replace the current conditions.
Expected value and tolerance are saved with the actual test value, to
show how pass/fail was determined. Although, these values cannot
be edited and the record is sealed, the result values can be copied.
3. Select Current Test Conditions to change values.
NOTE If expected value and tolerance were not defined when a test was
run, ‘they do not appear in the test result, even though Current Test
Conditions may now show expected value and tolerance.
There is no reason to compare the test results if the test conditions are
changed. If it is necessary to change test conditions, create a new
test plan.
5-6 72A-1585 Rev. C 8/02

6. Sense Input
This chapter describes Sense Assignment and Sense Input Filtering.
Sense Assignment
On the Action tab of a macro, the Sense section identifies the Action
source whose timer/sense input records relay pickup. The default
assignment is MA. This maps to the F2000 Master Instrument or Input 1
for the F6000. The Master F2000 provides reference signals for source
output, and is identified by the green LED on the Instrument front panel.
The Action source must be on the Master F2000.
Use the Sense source name to identify where to connect the sense leads.
ProTesT automatically makes that F2000 the Master and arms the sense
input. With F6000, ProTesT arms the sense input associated with the
source name.
Successive Tests in a Test Plan can specify a different sense source. With
F2000, the sense source must be an Action source. If all sense terminals
are connected in parallel, sense leads do not have to be changed
between tests. This saves time, since switching the Master manually or
changing sense lead connections at the instrument during the Test Plan
are not necessary.
Sense Input Filtering

The Doble F2000/F6000 Instruments can filter the sense input signal,
when acting under ProTesT control. In a time test, however, no filtering is
possible, since first strike stops the timer hardware. Not doing so would
skew the time value.
There are two kinds of sense input filtering:
• Sense Delay
• Sense Duration
These are two independent filters executed by the Instrument firmware.
72A-1585 Rev. C 8/02 6-1

Sense Input
Sense Delay
Every time the Action Source changes state, the firmware ignores sense
input for N cycles – a user defined number. At every step in the Action,
when source amplitude, phase, or frequency changes, the sense input
signal is ignored until the user specified Sense Delay interval has expired.
Use Sense Delay for filtering relay transient response to a step change
(as in LRAMP) or to an amplitude pulse (as in PRAMP or Binary Search)
to suppress transient overreach in a distance relay.
NOTE Relay transient response may lead the search pulses to converge to an
incorrect value. Then during the subsequent ramp, the relay may fail to
operate (the ramp takes a maximum of 15 steps, which are typically
small). Use Sense Delay to prevent faulty search convergence.
Sense Duration
Whenever a sense signal is detected, a Sense Duration timer is set by the
Doble instrument. If the sense signal drops out before the timer has
expired, the momentary pickup is ignored. If sense occurs again, the
timer is started afresh. Not until the sense signal has persisted for the
entire Sense Duration interval is it accepted as a sense.
Use Sense Duration to filter relay sense contact chatter such as the
unstable bouncing of an induction disk. Sense Duration is also useful if
relay output is unstable near the operation point.
NOTE Sense Duration is useful for the INDPUI (Inductive Pickup Current) and
INDPUV (Inductive Pickup Voltage) Macros, when testing an induction
disk relay. Sense output is typically very unstable when the initial
amplitude is applied to make the relay operate. A large Sense Duration
may be needed to get meaningful results.
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ProTesT User Guide
Should I Use Sense Delay or Sense Duration?

When developing a test, set Sense Delay and Sense Duration equal to
zero at the outset. Adjusting the result of a test macro is not typically
good practice; however, to obtain repeatable, stable results that are
acceptable, adding Sense Delay or Sense Duration may be appropriate.
This is especially true for electromechanical relays, where the purpose of
a test is to detect physical deterioration of components. A standardized
test that is repeated over a period of years should obtain the same result,
within an allowable limit, before adjustment or repair are needed.
Rules for Sense Delay and Sense Duration

Sense filtering is applied to each and every ramp step or pulse duration of
a test macro. At the end of every step the filters are reset, and begin anew
on the next step of the macro.
1. If either Sense Delay or Sense Duration is used, make the initial
settings large to determine whether it has any effect on the result.
Taking away 50% of the duration of a ramp step or pulse duration for
sense filtering is not unusual. Once the effect has been determined,
reduce the amount until results become unstable in repeated tests.
2. Do not use too much filtering or no sense result will be detected.
ProTesT issues a warning in this case. F2000 Instruments require a
window of at least two cycles to reliably detect a sense event. To be
safe, leave at least two or three cycles of ramp step or pulse duration
free from sense filtering.
3. Both Sense Delay and Sense Duration can be used together.
Therefore, the combined length of Sense Delay and Sense Duration
must be less than the pulse or step duration of the macro. Otherwise,
no sense will be detected.
72A-1585 Rev. C 8/02 6-3

6-4 72A-1585 Rev. C 8/02
Appendix A. ProTesT Error Messages
Appendix A defines the error messages that can occur during ProTesT
operations. Some ProtTesT software errors (e.g., Invalid Password) are
considered self-explanatory and do not appear here. Obscure errors and
those that relate to running a test are documented here.
For F2000 Instruments, refer to the F2000 Troubleshooting Guide in the
F2000 Instruction Manual, for F2000 Instrument error codes displayed on
the front panel, or to the F2250 User’s Guide Error Message section. For
F6000 Instruments, refer to the Troubleshooting Guide in Chapter 6 of
the F6000 User Guide.
ProTesT Run Time Errors

When a macro is run or on exit from a macro screen, Test and Action
values are verified for consistency and accuracy. Messages are preceded
by the word Error.
Missing Data Required data field is missing. Selection
moves to highlight field in error.
Source xx Appears Source name xx appears more than once
More Than Once on the Test screen. Change or delete the
source name.
Invalid Action Source xx, Attempt to label a source Action that is
Must be (Current/Voltage) incompatible with the macro; e.g.,
designating current amplitude Action in
LRAMPV Macro. Only voltage amplitude
can be Action.
Incompatible Action Attempt to specify Action for a parameter
not compatible with the macro; e.g.,
making phase Action in LRAMPI or
LRAMPV.
Action Not Defined No Action source parameter has been
specified.
Preset Not Defined PLOTII,PLOTVV: One amplitude must be
labeled Preset, another Action.
72A-1585 Rev. C 8/02 A-1

ProTesT Error Messages
Phase must be Action ZPX/ZPL Macros: Action amplitude must

have accompanying phase Action.
Sense Source is not Action tab sense assignment specifies a
an Action source name that is not an Action.
Macro Execution Errors

When a macro is run, ProTesT sends a Request Configuration message to
the test instrument and starts a timer. If there is no reply before the timer
runs out, an error message appears.
From the test instrument configuration, ProTesT verifies that the source
names required by the macro are available and are uniquely defined.
Then a burst of commands representing the entire test sequence is
downloaded to the test instrument.
The following errors may occur:
Communication Error, No reply came to the initial Request
Com n Configuration message; the com port is
identified. Make sure the right com port is
selected in ProTesT Setup, check RS-232C
cable connection, and make sure that
Setup baud rate and parity match
Instrument setting. Be sure cable is a
straight through connection, with no null
modem crossover. Refer to possible F2000
Error Codes listed in the following section
to clarify the cause.
Missing Source: xx The macro uses a source name that does
not appear in the test instrument.
Multiple Sources with Source names must be uniquely identified,
Same Name: xx so that ProTesT knows which VA, for
example, to address. When instruments are
powered up, they default to the same
source names; e.g., VA and I1. Be sure
unused sources are given different source
names.
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ProTesT User Guide
Test aborted by user This message appears a test is aborted by

pressing a key on the computer keyboard,
or by pressing a red rocker switch on the
front panel of the F2000.
F2000 Setup Error Source sending error is identified and the
Source: xx (nnnn) code number identifies the DobleCol
command that caused the error. If
contacting Doble, please report the code.
Action Source is not Unless a source name is selected on the
the Master: xx Action tab as Sense, ProTesT assumes that
the active Timer Sense is the Master
Instrument. At least one Action source
must be on the Master. To avoid this error,
enter a source Sense name on the Action
tab, or manually switch the Master at the
F2000 front panel.
Sense Check Detected After Action Offset, ProTesT verifies that
the relay has not already operated before
macro continues; pickup at offset
invalidates the test result. Sense check
aborts the test. Change the test parameters
or relay connections as needed.
Source Error xx A test instrument source error has
occurred. Verify by turning the sources on
manually. Adjust source amplitudes to
meet the relay burden.
No Relay Operation INDPU Macro: At initial amplitude, the
relay is supposed to trip, before the macro
continues with ramp to drop out and pick
up again. An error is reported if a relay
does not operate at initial current. This is
different from Noop.
ProTesT Option Missing An F2000 Instrument does not have the
F2910 ProTesT option installed. Call
Doble Engineering.
Source Amplitude When using IP or F2000, maximum
too high: IP amplitude is 26 amps times the number of
IP sources, up to 65 amps.
72A-1585 Rev. C 8/02 A-3

F2000 Front Panel Diagnostic Codes

When the F2000 Instrument firmware detects a serious problem, all
instruments halt and display a diagnostic code on the front panel. In most
cases, one instrument has detected a problem and halts; the keep-alive
signal on the synch bus drops out and remaining Instruments in the
network halt in sympathy, displaying SY nEt Err in Source 1 phase and
amplitude displays.
Find the instrument that does not display SY nEt Err – the SY code reveals
the cause of the crash. The At code that appears below it is a memory
address that is not particularly helpful for diagnosis.
The following error codes are grouped by number, class, and function.
Internal F2000 Errors

If any of these occur, call Doble. Be prepared to report the instrument
configuration and ROM revision numbers.
0001 WATCHDOG TIMEOUT ERROR
10XX VRTX ERROR
(VRTXR is the firmware executive in F2000 ROM.)
2004 TIMER NOT RUNNING.
3000 RAM TEST ERROR IN 16K LOW RAM SPACE
3001 RAM TEST ERROR IN 64K CONTIGUOUS RAM SPACE
3002 RAM TEST ERROR IN SOURCE 2 WAVEFORM RAM
3003 RAM TEST ERROR IN SOURCE 1 WAVEFORM RAM
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ProTesT User Guide
Computer Communication Errors

The following errors occur most often because baud rate and parity are
set incorrectly on the Setup menu. The PROTEST.INI file contains baud
rate and parity settings for ProTesT; the default, if not explicitly set, is
BAUD = 9600 (F2000)
Use the DIP switches on the CPU board to change F2000 baud rate
(Table A.1). (Refer to the F2000 DobleCoL Manual, p. 1-2.) Baud rate
and parity affect only the instrument connected to the computer,
however, Doble recommends setting all instruments to the same baud
rate and parity.
Table A.1 SW 3 Switch Positions and Baud Rates
Baud Rate SW3 - SW3 - SW3 - SW3 -

Switch 1 Switch 2 Switch 3 Switch 4
300 On On Off On
1200 On Off Off On
2400 On On On Off
4800 Off On On Off
9600 Off Off On Off
19.2k On On Off Off
The factory setting is BAUD = 9600.
72A-1585 Rev. C 8/02 A-5

The following errors are related to communications via the RS-

232 serial port:
4001 RS-232 TRANSMITTER NOT READY
4002 RS-232 RECEIVER NOT READY
4003 RS-232 RECEIVE BUFFER OVERFLOW
4004 RS-232 TRANSMIT BUFFER OVERFLOW
4010 RS-232 OVERRUN ERROR
4020 RS-232 PARITY ERROR
4030 RS-232 OVERRUN ERROR AND PARITY ERROR
4040 RS-232 FRAMING ERROR
4050 RS-232 FRAMING ERROR AND OVERRUN ERROR
4060 RS-232 FRAMING ERROR AND PARITY ERROR
4070 RS-232 FRAMING ERROR, OVERRUN ERROR,
AND PARITY ERROR
The following errors are related to communications with the satellite

interface board.
4101 STG RS-232 TRANSMITTER NOT READY
4102 STG RS-232 RECEIVER NOT READY
4103 STG RS-232 RECEIVE BUFFER OVERFLOW
4104 STG RS-232 TRANSMIT BUFFER OVERFLOW
4110 STG RS-232 OVERRUN ERROR
4120 STG RS-232 PARITY ERROR
4130 STG RS-232 OVERRUN ERROR AND PARITY ERROR
4140 STG RS-232 FRAMING ERROR
4150 STG RS-232 FRAMING ERROR AND OVERRUN ERROR
4160 STG RS-232 FRAMING ERROR AND PARITY ERROR
4170 STG RS-232 FRAMING ERROR, OVERRUN ERROR,
AND PARITY ERROR
D001 RS-232 OUTPUT STATE INACTIVE
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ProTesT User Guide
Waveform Control Diagnostics

Contact Doble. The last two codes apply to synchronized end-to-end
testing via satellite time signal.
5001 FREQUENCY RAMP ERROR
5002 REFERENCE ZERO INTERRUPT ERROR
(NO RAMPS OR DELAYS ACTIVE)
5003 INVALID LOCAL ZERO INTERRUPT FOR SOURCE 1
5004 INVALID LOCAL ZERO INTERRUPT FOR SOURCE 2
500A SATELLITE INTERRUPT ERROR
(NO RAMPS OR DELAYS ACTIVE)
500B NO SATELLITE BOARD DETECTED
IEEE 488 Bus Communication Errors

Make sure all IEEE 488 cable connectors are firmly attached. Contact
Doble if a problem persists.
6000 TIMEOUT OF REQUEST TO TALK TIMER
6001 488 ERROR DETECTED
6002 TIMEOUT OF TALK TIMER
6003 TIMEOUT OF LISTEN TIMER
6004 F2000 NOT READY TO TALK OVER 488 NETWORK
6005 TOO MANY DEVICES ON 488 NETWORK
6006 ERROR CHANGING NETWORK ADDRESS
6007 BAD NETWORK ADDRESS
F2000 Network Errors

Verify that IEEE 488 and synch bus cables are properly connected. If the
problem persists, contact Doble.
7000 488 SYNC BUS ERROR
Displayed as 'nEt' by the F2000)
72A-1585 Rev. C 8/02 A-7

GPS Satellite Errors

7002 CLKGEN GATE ARRAY NOT READY FOR CONFIGURATION
7004 IRIG GATE ARRAY NOT READY FOR CONFIGURATION
7005 GPS TIME SEQUENCE ERROR
700B NO STG BOARD DETECTED
8001 MORE THAN ONE MASTER
8002 MISSING MASTER
8003 INCOMPLETE NETWORK CONFIGURATION TABLE
8004 INHIBIT REFERENCE ERROR
(F2000 IS NOT SYNC BUS MASTER)
8005 PHASE LOCK LOOP FAILURE
FFFF BUS TIMEOUT ERROR
(Displayed as 'bUs' by the F2000)
The following occur only when an F2000 Instrument is slaved to a

different Doble instrument.
8006 ERROR DETECTING F3S CLOCK SOURCE
8007 ERROR DETECTING F3S
8008 ERROR DETECTING FDF CLOCK SOURCE
8009 ERROR DETECTING FDF
800A ERROR DETECTING F2
The following are satellite interface errors.

8010 SATELLITE INTERFACE II IRIG ERROR
8040 SATELLITE INTERFACE II 1 PPS TOO HIGH ERROR
8080 SATELLITE INTERFACE II 1 PPS ERROR
9000 ERROR DETECTING F2350 AMPLIFIER
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ProTesT User Guide
Transient Waveform Board Errors

9001 POWER LOST ON TWG BOARD
9002 SOURCE 1 DRAMC GATE ARRAY
NOT READY FOR CONFIGURATION
9003 SOURCE 2 DRAMC GATE ARRAY
9004 SOURCE 1 WAVEC GATE ARRAY
9005 SOURCE 2 WAVEC GATE ARRAY
9006 ERROR CONFIGURING SOURCE 1 DRAMC GATE ARRAY
9007 ERROR CONFIGURING SOURCE 2 DRAMC GATE ARRAY
9008 ERROR CONFIGURING SOURCE 1 WAVEC GATE ARRAY
9009 ERROR CONFIGURING SOURCE 2 WAVEC GATE ARRAY
900A BOTH WAVEFORM AND TWG BOARD DETECTED
900B RAM TEST ERROR IN SOURCE 1 TWG DATA RAM
900C RAM TEST ERROR IN SOURCE 2 TWG DATA RAM
900D RAM TEST ERROR IN SOURCE 1 TWG CONTROL BITS RAM
900E RAM TEST ERROR IN SOURCE 2 TWG CONTROL BITS RAM
72A-1585 Rev. C 8/02 A-9

DobleCol Command and Execution Errors

If these errors occur under ProTesT control, contact Doble.
A000 LOGICAL SWITCH TRANSLATION ERROR
A001 INVALID SWITCH NUMBER
A002 INVALID MESSAGE HEADER
A003 MESSAGE LENGTH IS TOO LONG
A004 MESSAGE ABORT CODES DO NOT MATCH
A005 INVALID MESSAGE HEADER
A007 INVALID SWITCH OPERATION
A008 INVALID SWITCH GROUP
B000 ERROR CHANGING SOURCE TYPE
B00A SOURCE DESIGNATION ERROR
B00E INVALID STATE
B00F ERROR SETTING AMPLIFIER STATE
B010 UNDEFINED COMMAND INTERPRET SEMAPHORE
B011 INVALID TIMER START CONDITION
B100 ERROR SETTING EVENT CONDITION
C000 UNDEFINED COMMAND ERROR
C001 COMMAND OUT OF RANGE ERROR
C002 MESSAGE TYPE ERROR
C003 NULL DATA ERROR
C005 EXTENDED TYPE OUT OF RANGE ERROR
C006 BAD DATA ERROR
C007 NULL ADDRESSER ERROR
C008 NULL ADDRESSEE ERROR
C010 ERROR RUNNING PHASE RAMP TEST
D001 RSK-232 OUTPUT STATE INACTIVE
E001 INVALID DISPLAY NUMBER
E002 INVALID LED NUMBER
E003 INVALID SEVEN SEGMENT DISPLAY GROUP NUMBER
E004 SOURCE NUMBER GREATER THAN THE NUMBER
OF SOURCES
E005 HARMONIC = 0 OR GREATER THAN 10
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ProTesT User Guide
E006 TAP GREATER THAN MAXIMUM

E007 PHASE GREATER THAN 360.0 DEGREES
E008 SOURCE STATUS ERROR
E009 SOURCE TYPE ERROR
E00A RAMP TYPE ERROR
E00B FREQUENCY RAMP RATE ERROR
E00C WAVEFORM CRYSTAL SPEED ERROR
E00D FREQUENCY ERROR
E00E EVENT SETTING ERROR
E00F SYSTEM ERROR
E010 TABLE LOOKUP ERROR
72A-1585 Rev. C 8/02 A-11

F6000 System Errors

Use Table A.2 to diagnose and correct system errors that occur during
operation of the F6000 Instrument.
Table A.2 F6000 System Errors
Name Explanation
Current monitor Input line current is too large. The total of all amplifier outputs
(Power supply high amps) exceeds system specifications. Reduce the source amplitude or
the load.
Hardware detects that the instrument is drawing too much current
from the wall.
Voltage monitor Either the AC input line voltage is too high, or power is being fed
(Power supply high volts) back into the F6000 through the amplifier outputs.
Open ground detector Hardware problem that needs to be addressed before it is safe to
(Power supply) use the F6000.
When the F6000 clears the error, it should occur again if the
hardware problem has not been fixed.
Logic Output Hardware detects an overcurrent condition on a logic output. The
(Logic I/O) F6000 software shuts down all amplifiers.
The F6000 hardware latches all logic outputs open.
+12 Volt fail monitor Hardware disables amplifiers to prevent damage to relays on the
(DC power supply) amplifier assemblies if output from the DC power supply falls
below +5 volts.
High voltage heart beat Five-second software timeout on lack of communication while
hazardous voltages may be present on the front panel terminals.
The F6000 software shuts down the amplifiers.
Can occur if a communication cable is removed.
The PC gets a communication timeout and displays it to the user.
The system error is only displayed when communication is re-
established.
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ProTesT User Guide
Table A.2 F6000 System Errors (Continued)
Fan flow monitor error Fans blocked or inoperative.

Lost pulse per second Software shuts down the amplifiers because it detects lost external
synchronization. This only occurs in an external synchronization
mode.
Waveform Under-run System error in waveform generation and I/O.
Unknown Command Unknown command.
Source Disabled One or more sources were disabled by hardware.
Over Temperature or fuse Current amplifier in slot 5 is overheated or has a blown fuse.
error (I AMP#0) SLOT 5 Software shuts down the amplifiers if the temperature is too high.
Over Temperature or fuse Voltage amplifier in slot 8 is overheated or has a blown fuse.
error (V AMP#0) SLOT 8 Software shuts down the amplifiers if the temperature is too high.
Missing analog I/O board Hardware is missing or not communicating with CPU properly.
Missing digital I/O board Hardware is missing or not communicating with CPU properly.
Control Panel Mode Option F6909 is required.
Macro Mode Option F6910 is required.
No convertible sources Option F6810 is required.
NOTE Some system errors cannot be cleared. For example, if the instrument
has no analog I/O board, then the error condition remains until the
board is supplied.
72A-1585 Rev. C 8/02 A-13

A-14 72A-1585 Rev. C 8/02
Appendix B. F6000 Control Panel
Appendix B describes the settings and controls in the F6000 Control

Panel. The F6000 Control Panel is a virtual front panel used for manual
control of F6000 sources. To open the Control Panel, click Tools|F6000
Control Panel in the ProTesT menu bar (Figure B.1).
Figure B.1 F6000 Control Panel
NOTE For computers with screen resolution of 640x480 pixels, disable the
toolbar and the status bar from the View menu to display all of the
F6000 controls on one screen.
72A-1585 Rev. C 8/02 B-1

F6000 Control Panel
The Control Panel contains eight sections. The functions in these sections
control the instrument’s source outputs, logic inputs, logic outputs, and
timers. A listing of these sections and controls follows:
• Source table
• Ramp/Set sources
• Phasor diagram
• Logic and timer settings button
• Timers
• Logic output and logic input indicators
• Battery simulator
• System Output
• Abort
Source Table
The source table in the upper left-hand portion of the Control Panel
contains seven columns (Figure B.2). The column headings are:
• Source
• Amplitude
• Phase
• Frequency
• Range
• On
• Enable
Figure B.2 Source Table
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NOTE If a source error occurs, the alarm is visible in the source table. The
name of the source affected changes to ER and blinks. The Amplitude
and Phase fields for that source also blink, and an audible alarm sounds
from the speakers of the control PC.
The first five columns contain the settings for each source:
Source The source column in Figure B.2 contains eight
entries for eight sources. The default naming
scheme for the voltage sources is VA, VB, VC, and
VN; the default naming scheme for the current
sources is I1, I2, I3, and IN.
Amplitude Amplitude indicates the voltage or current value of
a source. The range sets the maximum value for
the amplitude. If the amplitude entered exceeds the
maximum range value, an error message appears.
To correct the error, reduce the amplitude or
increase the range.
Phase The phase indicates the phase angle in degrees.
Enter a phase angle from –359.9° to 0° to +359.9°.
Frequency The default system frequency is 50/60 Hz. Use the
Setup display (Figure 3.3 on page 3-7) to change
the default frequency. Use the spinner arrows in
the Frequency column to select the AC harmonic
or to select a DC ‘+’ or a DC ‘–’ range.
Range The range setting determines the maximum value
for the amplitude of a particular source. For
maximum compliance voltage, use the lowest
current range that can produce the desired test
current.
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F6000 Control Panel
The last two columns in the source table contain On and Enable
buttons for each source.
On Click the On button to activate a source. The
button turns red, and the System Output button
blinks red. Click the On button again to turn
a source off, the button turns gray. The System
Output button stops blinking when all the sources
have been turned off.
Enable Click the Enable button to place selected sources
in standby status. The Enable button for each
source to be activated turns green. When System
Output is selected, all of the enabled sources turn
on. The System Output button turns red, and the
On buttons for the individual sources stay gray.
Clicking System Output again turns the enabled
sources off.
The default color for System Output, On, and Enable buttons is gray.
Table B.1 summarizes the panel indications associated with all three
indicators.
WARNING The high intensity yellow LED flashes when the battery simulator or any
output source is enabled or on to indicate the potential for dangerous or
fatal voltages.
Table B.1 Indications for Activated Sources
Method of Source Activation
Click On Click Enable, then

click System Output
On Button Color Red Gray
Enable Button Color Gray Green
System Output Color Blinking Red Steady Red
Abort Button Color Red Red
NOTE To turn off all active sources during a test, click Abort. Clicking Abort in
the Control Panel does not turn off the battery simulator.
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ProTesT User Guide
Ramp/Set Sources
The Ramp/Set sources section (Figure B.3) contains five fields for varying
the values in the source table:
• Mode setting: Ramp or Set (default mode)
• Rate or Delta step pick list (or user entered value field)
• Variable to change: Phase, Amplitude (default variable), and
Frequency
• Check boxes to designate sources to change
• Up and down control arrows
• Store and Recall buttons
Figure B.3 Ramp/Set Sources Section
NOTE Use the source table and the Ramp/Set section to control the amplitude,
phase angle, and frequency of each source during tests.
Sources to Change
The Ramp/Set section has eight check boxes, one for each source. To
change the selected variable (amplitude, phase angle, or frequency) for a
given source, click the checkbox for that source.
NOTE To avoid altering the values for a source during a test, make sure the
checkbox for that source is not selected.
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F6000 Control Panel
Variable to Change
Under Change, select a variable to increase or decrease:
• Click the radio button for Phase to vary the phase angle of the
selected sources by clicking either the up or down control arrow.
• Click the radio button for Amplitude to vary the voltage or the
current of the selected sources by clicking either the up or down
control arrow.
• Click the radio button for Frequency to vary the frequency of the
selected sources by clicking either the up or down control arrow.
NOTE The frequency of the first source in the source table varies
independently of the other seven sources. The frequencies of sources
2 through 7 vary together, and are harmonically related to each other.
If VA is the only source checked in the Ramp/Set sources section, the
frequency for VA is the only variable that changes when the up or down
arrow is pressed. When VB is the only source checked, however, the
frequencies for VB, VC, VN, I1, I2, I3 and IN all change at the same time.
Control Arrows
The up and down arrows to the right of Ramp/Set on the Control Panel
permit the change of selected source variables. The up arrow increments
and the down arrow decrements the selected source variables. The type
of change depends on the mode selected (see ”Mode and Ramp/Delta
Step” on page B-7).
All eight sources in Figure B.3 on page B-5 are checked. When the up
arrow is pressed, the sources increase at the rate on step up by the
amount specified in the Rate or Delta Step field. Amplitude settings
cannot increase beyond the limit set in the Range column of the source
table. The setting stops at the last valid value and remains there.
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ProTesT User Guide
Mode and Ramp/Delta Step

The settings in the source table can be varied continuously when in
Ramp mode or in discrete steps when in Set mode.
Ramp Mode Select a value from the pick list or enter the
Rate = value/second manually. The selected
source variables increment or decrement at this
rate when the up or down arrows are respectively
clicked.
Set Mode Select a value from the pick list or enter the Delta
step manually. The selected source variables
increment or decrement by this amount when the
up or down arrows are respectively clicked.
For both the Ramp and Set modes, the values in the Rate or Delta step
pick list are 0.1, 1, 10, and 100.
NOTE In Ramp mode, the Rate = value/second.
AutoSensE is a Ramp mode feature (see ”Inputs Tab” on page B-12).
The timers are a Set mode feature (see ”Timers Tab” on page B-15 and
”Timers” on page B-23).
Store and Recall

To save the values displayed in the source table, click Store at any time.
The source table values can then be altered manually or using step/ramp
tests. To reinstate the stored values, click Recall.
72A-1585 Rev. C 8/02 B-7

F6000 Control Panel
Phasor Diagram
The phasor diagram in the upper right-hand portion of the Control Panel
is based on polar coordinates. Each phasor represents the amplitude and
phase angle of a source. The distance from the origin to the endpoint of
the phasor represents the amplitude of a source. The angle formed by the
phasor and the positive half of the horizontal axis represents the phase
angle of a source. The phasor in Figure B.4 shows current source I3 with
an amplitude of 10 A and a phase angle of 45°.
The phasor diagram gives a visual representation of the amplitude and
phase values in the source table. The source table and phasor diagram
interact with each other. Source table values are continuously updated as
phasors are dragged to new locations in the diagram using the mouse.
The change is not sent to the F6000 Instrument until the phasor is
dropped.
Figure B.4 Phasor Diagram
Range Settings
The upper left-hand corner of the phasor diagram contains the highest
current setting from the Range column of the source table. The upper
right-hand corner of the phasor diagram contains the highest voltage
setting from the Range column of the source table.
These settings determine the scale of the phasor diagram. For example,
if the amplitude for current source I1 is 15 A and the range setting for that
source is 15 A, the I1 phasor reaches to the perimeter of the circle in the
phasor diagram. Similarly, if the potential for voltage source VA is 50 V
and the range setting for that source is 75 V, the length of the VA phasor
is two-thirds the radius of the circle in the phasor diagram.
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ProTesT User Guide
Fault Rotate
Click Fault Rotate to rotate a fault from phase to phase without rewiring
the instrument front panel or relay under test.
Fault Rotate works only if the following conditions are met:
• The source configuration must be 3 Voltages and 3 Currents,
or 3 Voltages and 1 Current.
• All voltage sources must be on the same range.
• All current sources must be on the same range.
The Fault Rotate button in the phasor diagram is grayed out if one or
more of these conditions is not met.
Use a simple A-to-ground fault to try the Fault Rotate procedure. To
simulate the fault, the voltage VA drops and the current I1 goes up. For
this example, VA = 40 V and I1 = 10 A (Table B.2).
When the fault is rotated, the fault in A goes to B, the settings in phase B
go to C, and the settings in C go to A:
A →B
B →C
C →A
When the fault is rotated, VB = 40 V and I2 = 10 A. Rotated again,
VC = 40 V and I3 = 10 A (Table B.2). Both the source table and the
phasor diagram reflect these changes.
Table B.2 Rotation of a Phase-to-Ground Fault
Source Initial Setup: Fault in Phase A Fault Rotated to Phase B Fault Rotated to Phase C
VA 40 V 0° 69 V 120° 69 V 240°
VB 69 V 240° 40 V 0° 69 V 120°
VC 69 V 120° 69 V 240° 40 V 0°
I1 10 A 330° 0A 90° 0A 210°
I2 0A 210° 10 A 330° 0A 90°
I3 0A 90° 0A 210° 10 A 330°
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F6000 Control Panel
Multiple Phasors
When Multiple Phasors is checked, all the phasors for a set of voltage or
current sources can be moved by dragging and dropping any one of
them. Each phasor maintains its position relative to the other two. When
dragging the phasors, the source table is continuously updated, but the
new amplitude and phase angle values are not sent to the F6000
Instrument until the phasor selected is dropped. Figure B.5, Figure B.6,
and Figure B.7 show a configuration with three voltage sources and no
current sources. The three figures illustrate how the phase angles for VA,
VB, and VC change when the phasor for VA is shifted ~45° with Multiple
Phasors checked.
Figure B.5 Phasors for Three Voltage Sources Separated 120°
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Figure B.6 Dotted Lines Show New Position of Phasors Before Release
See Figures 4.5 and 4.6 on page 4-11 of Rev. A.
Figure B.7 Phasors for Three Voltage Sources Shifted ~45°
72A-1585 Rev. C 8/02 B-11

F6000 Control Panel
Logic and Timer Settings

Click Logic & Timer settings... to bring up the Settings display
(Figure B.8). The Settings display has four tabs:
• Inputs
• Outputs
• Timers
• Notes
Inputs Tab
The Inputs tab (Figure B.8) contains settings for eight logic inputs, one
for each input terminal on the instrument front panel. The Inputs tab also
contains controls for the AutoSensE and Threshold options.
Figure B.8 Inputs Tab
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ProTesT User Guide
For each input, choose the Type of input and the Sense Condition:
Type Select Potential or Contact from the pick list.
Sense Condition Select the transition that must occur for the input
to be true.
Each input type, Potential or Contact, has two selectable sense
conditions. Table B.3 summarizes these selections for a relay with
normally open contacts. For normally closed output contacts, use inverse
logic (i.e., instead of Off to On, use On to Off).
Table B.3 Sense Conditions for Each Type of Input
Type of Input Sense Conditions Description
Off →On Relay responds

Potential
On →Off Relay drops out
Open →Close Relay responds
Contact
Close →Open Relay drops out
The AutoSensE column lies to the right of the pick lists. Each logic
input has an AutoSensE radio button. Selecting AutoSensE for an
input freezes the ramping variable or variables when the required input
condition is sensed.
NOTE The default setting for the AutoSensE feature is ON. To disable the
AutoSensE radio buttons, click the Off check box at the bottom of the
AutoSensE column.
Locate the Threshold section beneath the Type and Sense Condition
columns. The Threshold section applies to inputs that have potential
present at their terminals.
The threshold setting of 15 V is provided to reduce sensitivity to circuit
noise. Use the 1.5 V setting when the circuit does not have noise present,
or greater sensitivity to circuit noise is required.
72A-1585 Rev. C 8/02 B-13

F6000 Control Panel
Outputs Tab
The Outputs tab (Figure B.9) sets the default contact status for each of the
eight logic outputs on the instrument front panel. Normally open is the
default contact status for all eight logic outputs in the Outputs tab. Click
the desired radio button for each output.
Figure B.9 Outputs Tab
NOTE The logic outputs change state with the status of their mapped output
sources. See ”Input and Output Indicators” on page B-25.
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Timers Tab
The Timers tab (Figure B.10) contains functions that define the start and
stop conditions for a particular timer. To set Timer 1, select the first radio
button under Set timer. The start and stop conditions for each timer are
set individually.
Figure B.10 Timers Tab
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F6000 Control Panel
Define Triggers If a start condition or a stop condition requires an input signal from the
relay under test or from any other source, specify the input via the
Triggers display (Figure B.11). To open the Triggers display, click Define
triggers... in the Timers tab.
Figure B.11 Triggers Display
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Click Set... for Trigger 1 in the Triggers display to open Set Trigger
Logic (Figure B.12). Use the Set Trigger Logic display to select the inputs
needed to make the trigger true. For instance, click 1 under Choose input
to put In1 in the Logic field.
Figure B.12 Set Trigger Logic
Multiple inputs can be configured as a trigger logic setting by using

Boolean operators with the inputs. The Boolean operators used are
And (*), Or (+), and Not (~). To put more than one input in the Logic
field, select And or Or under Mask Operator to connect them logically.
• Connecting the logic inputs with the And operator requires that
all the inputs be true to assert the trigger.
• Connecting the logic inputs with the Or operator requires that
any of the inputs be true to assert the trigger.
Click the Not Input check box to place a tilde (~) before a logic input. In
this case, the trigger is asserted when the logic input is not true.
72A-1585 Rev. C 8/02 B-17

F6000 Control Panel
In the Set Trigger Logic display, select the And operator (*) or the
Or operator (+) under Mask Operator to set the logical relationship for
two or more inputs. These three examples illustrate the logic for three
distinct triggers:
In1*In2 The trigger is asserted when both Input 1 and
Input 2 are true.
In1+In2 The trigger is asserted when either Input 1 or
Input 2 is true.
In1*~In2 The trigger is asserted when Input 1 is true and
Input 2 is not true.
Click Group inputs to place parentheses around a series of inputs in the
Logic field. Then select a group operator to set the logical relationship
between the group and another input. For example:
(In1*In2*In3*In4*In5*In6*In7)+In8
The trigger is asserted when Inputs 1 through 7 are
true, or when Input 8 is true.
(In1+In2+In3+In4+In5+In6+In7)*In8
The trigger is asserted when one of the first seven
inputs is true, and Input 8 is true.
Three restrictions govern the formation of logical expressions that use a
group operator:
• The mask operator for all of the inputs inside the parentheses
must be the same.
• The group operator outside the parentheses must be the opposite
of the mask operator inside the parentheses.
• Only one input can follow the group operator outside the
parentheses.
Click Delete last to delete the last input entered in the Logic field. To
clear all the inputs from the Logic field, click Delete last until all the
inputs are deleted.
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Set Timer Click OK to close the Set Trigger Logic display. The text in the Logic field
Conditions of the Set Trigger Logic display appears in the Trigger Logic field of the
Triggers display (Figure B.13).
Figure B.13 Trigger Logic Set for Trigger 1
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F6000 Control Panel
Click OK to close the Triggers display and return to the Timers tab
(Figure B.10 on page B-15). The trigger named Trigger 1 appears in both
the Start on source and the Stop on source pick lists.
Start on source The Start on source pick list contains the voltage
and current sources from the source table, plus the
defined triggers. Click the source or trigger in the
list required by the test protocol.
Start condition The Start condition pick list contains three events
or transitions: Off to On, On to Off, and On
Change. The On Change option permits time tests
that are initiated when there is a step change in the
selected source variables. Click the start condition
required by the test protocol. When the source or
trigger selected in Start on source meets the
specified start condition, the timer starts.
Stop on source The Stop on source pick list contains the voltage
and current sources from the source table, plus the
defined triggers. Select the source or trigger from
the list required by the test protocol.
Stop condition The Stop condition pick list contains two events or
transitions – Off to On, and On to Off. Click the
stop condition required by the test protocol. When
the source or trigger selected in Stop on source
meets the specified stop condition, the timer stops.
NOTE The timer start and stop conditions apply only to the voltage and
current sources. If a trigger is selected in Start on source, the Start
condition pick list is grayed out. Similarly, if a trigger is selected in Stop
on source, the Stop condition pick list is grayed out.
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Set and Reset After selecting the desired entries from all four pick lists in the Timers tab,
click Set. The start condition defined in the first two pick lists appears in
the Start condition field in Figure B.14. The stop condition defined in
the third and fourth pick lists appears in the Stop condition field in
Figure B.14.
Figure B.14 Start and Stop Conditions Set in the Timers Tab
To redefine the start and stop conditions for a timer, click the radio
button for that timer. Then click Reset in the Set timer conditions section.
The Start condition and Stop condition fields for that timer go blank, and
new conditions from the pick lists can be selected.
72A-1585 Rev. C 8/02 B-21

F6000 Control Panel
Notes Tab
Use the Notes tab (Figure B.15) to document any part of a test setup
or test procedure by typing in text. For example, the Notes tab can be
used to record timer conditions in the Timers tab, triggers defined in the
Triggers display, or the reasons for key settings. When in simulator mode,
the settings for a test can be entered, saved, and sent to a technician in
the field. The field technician can then use the information in the Notes
tab to set up and conduct the test.
Figure B.15 Notes Tab
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Timers
The Timers section contains readouts for eight timers (Figure B.16).
Using logic inputs and logic outputs, time tests are possible for up to
eight separate events. The timers allow configuration of the logic inputs
and outputs for specific relays or for an entire protection scheme. For
example, use the timers to measure pickup and dropout times for relay
under tests. Use any timer with any source, any input or output, and any
trigger.
Figure B.16 Timers Section
During a simple test of an overcurrent relay, the timer starts when the
source turns on and stops when the relay responds. The timer therefore
measures the response time of the relay.
NOTE Active timers have white fields. The initial reading for an active timer is
0.00 seconds. If the settings for a timer have not been defined in the
Timers tab, the readout for that timer is gray. All of the timers are
inactive when Ramp mode is selected.
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F6000 Control Panel
Timing Status
The Timers section contains three Timing Status lights that function for
any and all timers:
Reset Active timers are reset to 0.00.
Running Time test is in progress.
Stopped Relay has responded. Timer shows elapsed time in
milliseconds, seconds, or cycles.
When System Output is clicked, the enabled sources turn on and the
enabled timers start. If the timer Stop button is then clicked, these
sources are switched off and the System Output button returns to its
previous status.
Timer Controls
Click Stop to stop timers that have not stopped due to a pre-defined stop
condition. Click Reset to return all the active timers to 0.00.
If Stop is clicked while the timer is running, NO-OP appears in the field
for that timer. NO-OP means No Operation. It appears in the timer
readout after an unsuccessful or an interrupted test. For example, when a
timer is started and then stopped manually during a test, NO-OP appears
in the timer field because the relay being tested did not respond.
Measurement Units
Set the measurement units for the timers with the radio buttons located
along the bottom of the Timers section. The options are milliseconds,
seconds, and cycles. The default selection is Seconds (Sec.).
To measure the elapsed time in milliseconds, click the radio button for
mSec. To measure the number of cycles that elapse during a test, click
the Cycles radio button. For example, if the default system frequency of
60 Hz is set, the timer shows 90 cycles for a time test that
lasts 1.5 seconds.
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Input and Output Indicators

The Control Panel contains a status indicator for each logic output and
each logic input. The status indicators are numbered 1 through 8 from
left to right (Figure B.17).
Status Indicators
Output Number or Input Number
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
Figure B.17 Output and Input Status Indicators
Each power source maps to one logic output and one logic input.
The mapping of sources to inputs and outputs depends on the source
configuration in effect. The mapping rule assigns the inputs and outputs
to voltage and current sources in ascending order first from left to right,
then from top to bottom. Figure B.18, Figure B.19 on page B-26, and
Figure B.20 on page B-26 illustrate how the rule works for three common
source configurations.
Sources V1 V2 V3 I1 I2 I3
Indicators 1 2 3 4 5 6
Sources VN IN
Indicators 7 8
Figure B.18 Input and Output Indicators for Four Voltage Sources
and Four Current Sources
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F6000 Control Panel
Sources V1 V2 V3 I1 I2 I3
Indicators 1 2 3 4 5 6
Figure B.19 Input and Output Indicators for Three Voltage Sources
and Three Current Sources
Sources I1 I2 I3
Indicators 1 2 3
Sources I4 I5 I6
Indicators 4 5 6
Figure B.20 Input and Output Indicators for Six Current Sources
NOTE If a ProTesT macro specifies source MA, the macro uses Input 1 and
Output 1.
A logic output gives the F6000 the ability to send out its own signal. It is
a logical relay that opens or closes its contacts when its associated source
goes on. The output is in its normal state when the source is off. A
normally open output contact closes when the source is turned on and its
corresponding status indicator illuminates.
A logic input is a signal that originates with the relay under test and is
sent to the instrument. Any trigger necessary to run a test can be
programmed as a logic input. See ”Define Triggers” on page B-16 for
examples of how to use logic inputs in actual tests.
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Battery Simulator
Locate the Battery section (Figure B.21) in the lower left-hand corner of
the Control Panel. If the test protocol requires a DC voltage supply, use
the pick list under Battery to set the voltage of the source. The options on
the list are: 48 V, 125 V, and 250 V DC.
Figure B.21 Battery Section
Click the button to the left of the pick list to toggle the battery simulator
on and off. The battery simulator has the following operating
characteristics:
• When using the F6000 Control Panel, the battery simulator
provides continuous output while the user conducts tests or
changes logic and timer configurations.
• When using ProTesT test plans, the battery simulator provides
continuous output when either the F6000 Control Panel or the
F6000 Configuration display is selected, or when a third party
application external to ProTesT is run.
• The battery simulator switches off if ProTesT is shut down or if
communication with the F6000 Instrument is lost.
WARNING Care should be taken when using the battery simulator as it is capable
of up to 250 V DC at 60 Watts.
72A-1585 Rev. C 8/02 B-27

F6000 Control Panel
Saving the F6000 Control Panel Configuration

To save a setup on the Control Panel, click File|Save in the ProTesT
menu bar. To save a setup under a new name, click File|Save As.
ProTesT saves the new information on the Control Panel in an .f6x file.
The default settings for the Control panel are saved in a file named
default.f6x. The Control Panel uses the settings in this file when it first
opens.
Summary
The Control Panel provides full control over each voltage and current
source, and maximum flexibility in preparing for and conducting tests of
protective relays:
• Pre-programmed and user-defined ramp values eliminate manual
errors in testing. The AutoSensE feature simplifies testing and
eliminates errors.
• The phasor diagram shows source table settings in real time and
allows the dragging and dropping of phasors to reset source table
values.
• The Fault Rotate feature makes efficient testing of three-phase
relays possible.
• The eight individual timers enable measurements of eight
different timed events.
B-28 72A-1585 Rev. C 8/02

Appendix C. ProTesT Macro Reference Guide
ASYNCH - Testing of Autosynchronizing Relay - A ProTesTPLAN

Description
The autosynchronizer relay is designed to control the closing of a circuit
breaker connecting two electrical systems. A typical application is the
connection of an incoming line or generator to a station bus.
The relay can be applied to directly close the circuit breaker or to
supervise the operator-initiated manual closing. Closing is allowed only
when the two sources are almost synchronous and in phase.
The typical autosynchronizer relay has controls for setting the frequency
and maximum voltage difference at which operation is allowed. Relays
also have a setting for circuit breaker closing time, and other settings.
Operation
Two voltage sources, both fixed at 120 V, are used to test the relay.
One source, used to represent the bus side voltage, is fixed at 60/50 Hz.
The other source is used to represent generator voltage at the system
frequency, plus or minus the slip frequency. The example shown in
Figure C.1 illustrates 60.02 Hz for a 0.02 Hz slip frequency.
Figure C.1 Slip Frequency Example
72A-1585 Rev. C 8/02 C-1

The relay is configured to respond with a close signal in advance of

synchronism that is dependant on the circuit breaker advance time
setting on the relay. The output from the relay is applied to the test
instrument to record the close command issued by the relay.
Use
The main goal of testing is to compare the circuit breaker allowed
Closing Angle to the Actual circuit breaker Closing Angle. The difference
between these is the Close Angle Error (CAE), which is reported by the
macro in degrees. This result must fall within the range of the allowed
tolerance. This angle is actually derived, however, from a comparison of
the difference in mSecs, or cycles, between the expected value and the
test result value.
The Expected Time in Figure C.2 is the Advance Time plus the Output
Operating Time. In Figure C.3, the Advance Time is the circuit breaker
closing time. The Output Operate Time is the Relay Operate Time which
is sometimes published by relay manufacturers and should be considered
when calculating the Expected Time.
Figure C.2 Asynch Test Tab Screen
C-2 72A-1585 Rev. C 8/02

ProTesT User Guide
Figure C.3 Asynch Action Tab Screen
The test sequence is:

1. Voltages VA and VB are applied to the relay for the offset time and at
the offset frequency of 60 Hz.
2. The voltage VB frequency shifts to the test frequency of 60.02 Hz.
3. The instrument starts a timer and waits for the relay sense signal.
4. The timer is stopped when the sense signal occurs and ProTesT
receives the timing information.
Figure C.4 Timer Starts and Stops
72A-1585 Rev. C 8/02 C-3

5. ProTesT calculates the breaker advance time using the timing value
measured by the instrument, according to:
Breaker advance time =
[(1/Slip frequency) * initial offset/360 ° ] - instrument measured
time.
For a slip frequency setting of 0.02 and an initial offset of 0° (360°),
the time required for two voltages in synchronism is:
(1/Slip frequency * Initial offset/360°).
The time calculated is 50 seconds. This calculated time is compared
with the set time of the relay. The instrument measured time is
subtracted from the synchronization time.
6. The CAE is calculated as follows:
Error in Close Angle = [Tm – (Ts + Ti)] x (F1 - F2) x 360/1000]
where:
• Tm = Measured Circuit Breaker advance time in milliseconds.
• Ts = Selected circuit breaker advance time (Action tab item G).
• Ti = Output relay operation time (Action tab item H).
• F1 = Source 1 Frequency Hz (= 60 Hz). Use FX in Frequency.
• F2 = Source 2 Frequency Hz (= 60.02). Use Action for Phase and
Frequency.
• 360 converts Hz to degrees/second.
• 1000 converts milliseconds to seconds.
For instance, if 190 milliseconds had been measured, then:
Error in Close Angle = [(Tm – (Ts + Ti)] x (F1 −F2) x 360/1000] =
[190 – (180+20)] x (60 −60.02) x 0.36 = −10 x (−0.02) x 0.36 =
0.07 degrees
NOTE The error in Advance time for 1° close angle error can be calculated as:
Time for 1° closing angle = 1/(Slip frequency * 360) = 1/(0.02*360) =
0.1389 seconds or 138.9 milliseconds.
From the allowable closing angle error, the tolerance on the circuit
breaker advance time can be calculated.
C-4 72A-1585 Rev. C 8/02

ProTesT User Guide
Test Tab
The ASYNCH Test Tab screen is shown in Table C.1.
Table C.1 ASYNCH Test Tab Results Fields
Field Explanation
Expected Time = Advance Time + Output Operating Time

(Action Tab Items G & H).
+ Tol/-Tol Plus/minus tolerance used for Pass/Fail
calculation.
Tol Units Units for use with Tolerances: %, Sec, mSec,
or Cycles.
Actual Recorded test result.
Error Calculated difference between the actual and
expected results shown in the selected units.
CA Error The difference between Actual and Expected
Time expressed in degrees.
Result Pass/fail determination.
Time Units For Expected Time units: Sec, mSec, or Cycles.
The ASYNCH Test Tab screen is shown in Figure C.2 on page C-2.
72A-1585 Rev. C 8/02 C-5

Action Tab
The ASYNCH Action Tab Conditions Fields are explained in Table C.2.
Table C.2 ASYNCH Action Tab Conditions Fields
Field Explanation
Offset Frequency Frequency that the Action source will be set to

for the Offset Duration.
NOTE: This is a mandatory field. This value must
be the same as your System Frequency, i.e.,
50Hz or 60Hz. See ProTesT | Setup Menu.
Offset Duration Time for which the Offset Frequency is applied
to the Action source.
Test Frequency Test frequency required for the test. This value is
intended to calculate the Slip Frequency.
Slip Frequency Calculated value:
Slip Freq. = Non-Action Source Freq. - Test Freq.
Initial Phase Offset Initial setting of the phase angle.
Synchronization Enter the number of attempts the relay is
Attempt permitted to attempt a Circuit Breaker Close
Signal.
This field was left as a user entry field to account
for future relay developments that may provide
this functionality.
Advance Time Circuit Breaker Closing Time.
Output Operate Output relay operation time after the relay
Time measuring circuit makes a decision to close the
circuit breaker.
C-6 72A-1585 Rev. C 8/02

ProTesT User Guide
Table C.2 ASYNCH Action Tab Conditions Fields (Continued)
Field Explanation
Max On Time Maximum time for the test to run. This is a

calculated field and depends upon the settings in
Slip Frequency, Initial Phase Offset and
Synchronization attempts.
This is provided to end the test after the time for
a successful relay operation has lapsed.
Source Identifies the Action source associated with the
timer/sense input. For the F2000, this source
must be in the Master Instrument.
The default of MA indicates to look for a
timer/sense input at the Master Instrument.
Zero Crossing Two options, System or Source System (default)
cause changes to the sources to occur on the
positive zero crossing of the reference sine
wave. All sources change at the same time.
• For the F6150, Source setting does not apply.
• For the F225x, Source settings cause each
source in the system to change on the first
positive zero crossing of its sine wave.
• For the F2000, Source settings cause each
source in the system to change on the first
positive or negative zero crossing of its sine
wave.
All sources change at their respective zero
crossing. For example, if VA is at 0°, VB is 120°,
and VC is at 240°, the system changes all
sources at the same time. For Source, VA
changes at time T0, VB changes at time T0+1/3
of a cycle, and VC changes at time T0+2/3 of a
cycle
72A-1585 Rev. C 8/02 C-7

C-8 72A-1585 Rev. C 8/02

ProTesT User Guide
BSRHOI - Binary Search, Current - I ProTesTPLAN

Description
This macro is a fast, high-low pulsed search used to bracket a relay
operate point, followed by either a linear ramp or pulsed ramp for a high
resolution result. RCHBOI and BSRHOI are identical (see page C-171). If
you have both Z and I ProTesTPLANS, use the name you prefer.
A search begins by testing midway between the Action Offset and Limit
Current. If the relay does not operate, the limit current is applied. If the
relay still does not operate, the test is over (recorded as No Op, No
Operation). Successive pulses are calculated based on the results of the
last pulse; i.e., the next pulse is halfway between the last operate value
and the last No Op value. When the difference between pulse
amplitudes is less than three times the ramp delta current, the search
stops and either a Linear Ramp or a Pulsed Ramp begins.
The ramp backs off twice the delta current, then ramps for a maximum of
15 steps. If the test is properly tuned, three or four steps should be
sufficient.
Operation
One or more current sources can be ramped simultaneously, using the
same Action conditions. One or more voltage presets can be applied.
Use
This macro ramps current sources. Use Binary Search wherever Linear
Ramp or Pulsed Ramp can be used; however, there are cases where it
cannot be used successfully, such as long reset times in induction disk
relays. When properly used, binary search is faster for determining the
Ohmic reach of current-operated distance relays or measuring the
pickup/dropout of overcurrent relays.
72A-1585 Rev. C 8/02 C-9

Notes
• Binary Search requires more tuning than a Linear Ramp or Pulsed
Ramp. The relay may respond differently to search pulses vs.
linear ramp steps. Sensing may be heard during the search, but
the ramp concludes with No Op – relay operation not detected.
Use sense delay to filter the relay transient response on the pulses,
so that the search converges to the correct value.
• If memory action is important to the relay, allow adequate wait
time for reset and a long enough pulse time to operate.
• Some relays require the use of pulsed ramp for testing. If so, select
the Pulsed Ramp option by setting Ramp Delta Time = 0.
• Search can be done either from low offset to high limit, or high
offset to low limit. When searching from a high offset, Ramp Delta
Current must be negative.
• Use Offset Current = 0, and non-zero Offset Duration Action
Delay if the polarizing voltage must be applied before the Action.
• Use sense delay to ensure that the search converges to a value
that can be detected with the ramp. A large delay may be
required, for example, 25 to 50% of the pulse duration. This filters
the transient response to the leading edge of the pulse. If contact
instability is also present, use sense delay as well.
Test Tab
On the BSRHOI Test Tab screen (Figure C.5 on page C-12):
1. Select valid source names in the Src column.
2. Use the High and Low fields to enter values for the source
connections between the instrument and the relay.
3. Enter the source current amplitude ACTION and enter phase and
frequency values.
4. Enter test relay connections in the Sense Connections field when the
test relay is connected as a sense input or to a timer.
5. Enter the jumper connections in the Jumpers field.
NOTE If battery simulator voltage is needed, enter BT as a source and select
amplitude, or run the POWER macro.
C-10 72A-1585 Rev. C 8/02

ProTesT User Guide
Results The macro initially displays the results for the

Current Test conditions. To display prior results,
click the pull-down arrow and select a prior test.
The BSRHOI Test Tab Results fields are explained
in Table C.3.
Save Results Click Save Results after running a test and select
the new results to save. When exiting the macro,
save any macro changes and results if they have
not already been saved.
Delete Results Click Delete Results to display a window
containing saved test results. Select one or more
test results using the mouse. Ctrl+click works as a
toggle action to select or unselect items. Click OK
to complete deletion.
Table C.3 BSRHOI Test Tab Results Fields
Field Explanation
Expected I Expected operate value, in Amps.

+ %/ – % Plus/minus tolerance percentage, used
for Pass/Fail calculation.
% Error Error.
Result Pass/Fail indication.
72A-1585 Rev. C 8/02 C-11

The BSRHOI Test Tab screen is shown in Figure C.5.
Figure C.5 BSRHOI Test Tab Screen
Action Tab
The BSRHOI Action Tab Conditions fields are explained in Table C.4.
Table C.4 BSRHOI Action Tab Conditions Fields
Field Explanation
Offset Current The initial amplitude of the Action source.

Offset Duration How long to maintain the offset.
Current Limit The amplitude that stops the search, if the relay
does not operate. The limit also determines the
source range for a positive Delta Current.
Pulse Duration The maximum length of each search pulse; pulse
terminates as soon as a sense is detected.
Wait How long to wait between pulses; wait is at
offset current.
Delta Current Step size of ramp. Use a minus sign for a
downward ramp.
Delta Time Duration of each ramp step. A non-zero value
selects a linear ramp; setting Delta Time = 0
selects a pulsed ramp, using the same pulse
duration and wait as the search.
C-12 72A-1585 Rev. C 8/02

ProTesT User Guide
The BSRHOI Action Test Tab screen is shown in Figure C.6.
Figure C.6 BSRHOI Action Tab Screen
Sense The BSRHOI Sense fields are explained in Table C.5.
Table C.5 BSRHOI Sense Fields
Field Explanation
Pull-down List Select sense transition: Contacts O–>C, etc.,

Voltage On–>Off, etc.
Source Name a source to identify which Instrument or
input receives the relay sense signal. The source
must be an Action. The default is MA for the
Master Instrument.
Run Click RUN on the toolbar or press F12 to run the test. The sources
initialize as follows:
• Non-Action sources turn on at Preset values.
• Action values turn on at Prefault values, move to offset values and
then to Action values.
After a small number of search pulses, the ramp begins. The test stops as
soon as the ramp detects relay operation, normally after three or four
steps, and the amplitude is recorded. If the relay does not operate after 15
ramp steps are taken, a No Op is recorded. No Op may be desired, if the
relay is not supposed to operate.
72A-1585 Rev. C 8/02 C-13

Operation Graph
The BSRHOI Operation graph is shown in Figure C.7.
Figure C.7 BSRHOI Operation Graph
Prefault Tab
The Prefault tab is used for steady state macros to assert initial conditions
before the values on the Test tab and Action offset are applied. This
allows an initial state of normal, balanced voltages and currents to be
applied for a duration before the macro action begins using faulted
voltage and increasing current. The BSRHOI Prefault Tab fields are
explained in Table C.6.
Operation When the test is run, the Prefault is applied as

indicated in Figure C.7. This allows an intelligent
relay to see normal conditions before responding
to the fault condition that is generated by running
the macro. If the Prefault duration is 0, no Prefault
occurs.
C-14 72A-1585 Rev. C 8/02

ProTesT User Guide
Table C.6 BSRHOI Prefault Tab Fields
Field Explanation
Source Name Source names are set on the Test tab and cannot
be modified.
Amplitude Enter the desired amplitude.
Phase Enter a phase in the range of –360.0° to 360.0°.
Frequency The Frequency value is set on the Test tab.
Prefault Duration Enter a duration for the Prefault condition.
72A-1585 Rev. C 8/02 C-15

BSRHOV- Binary Search, Voltage - V ProTesTPLAN

Description
A fast, high-low pulsed search to bracket a relay operate point, followed
by either a linear ramp or pulsed ramp for a high resolution result.
RCHBOV and BSRHOV are identical. If you have both the V and Z
ProTesTPLANS, use the name you prefer.
The search begins by testing midway between the Action Offset and
Limit Voltage. If the relay does not operate, limit voltage is applied. If the
amplitudes is less than three times the ramp delta voltage, the search
The ramp backs off twice the delta voltage, then ramps for a maximum of
sufficient.
Operation
One or more voltage sources are ramped simultaneously, using the same
Action conditions. One or more voltage presets can be applied.
Use
This macro ramps voltage sources. Use Binary Search wherever Linear
Ramp or Pulsed Ramp can be used; however, there are cases where it
cannot be used successfully. When used properly, Binary Search has
faster performance for determining Ohmic reach of voltage-operated
distance relays or pickup/dropout of overvoltage or undervoltage relays.
C-16 72A-1585 Rev. C 8/02

ProTesT User Guide
Notes
• Binary Search requires more tuning than Linear Ramp or Pulsed
linear ramp steps. Sensing may be heard during the search, but
the ramp concludes with No Op – relay operation not detected.
Use sense delay to filter relay transient response on the pulses, so
that the search converges to the correct value.
the Pulsed Ramp option by setting Ramp Delta Time = 0.
• The search can be done either from low offset to high limit, or
high offset to low limit. When searching from a high offset, Ramp
Delta Voltage must be negative.
Test Tab
On the BSRHOV Test Tab Screen (Figure C.8 on page C-18):
3. Enter the source voltage amplitude ACTION and enter phase and
frequency values.
The BSRHOV Test Tab Results fields are explained
in Table C.7 on page C-18.
72A-1585 Rev. C 8/02 C-17


The BSRHOV Results fields are explained in Table C.7.
Table C.7 BSRHOV Test Tab Results Fields
Field Explanation
Expected V Expected operate value, in Amps.

+ %/– % Plus/minus tolerance percentage, used
for Pass/Fail calculation.
% Error Error.
The BSRHOV Test Tab Screen is shown in Figure C.8.
Figure C.8 BSRHOV Test Tab Screen
C-18 72A-1585 Rev. C 8/02

ProTesT User Guide
Action Tab
The BSRHOV Action Tab Conditions fields are explained in Table C.8.
Table C.8 BSRHOV Action Tab Conditions Fields
Field Explanation
Offset Voltage The initial amplitude of the Action source.

Action offset turns on at the same time as the
Preset sources.
Offset Duration How long to maintain the offset. If no offset is
wanted, enter 0 Volts and 0 Cycles.
Voltage Limit The amplitude at which the ramp stops if the
relay does not operate. The maximum offset and
limit determines the source range.
Pulse Duration The maximum length of each search pulse; pulse
offset voltage.
Delta Voltage Step size of ramp. Use a minus sign for a
downward ramp.
Delta Time How long each Linear Ramp step is held; set
Delta Time = 0 for Pulsed Ramp, using the same
pulse duration and wait as the search.
72A-1585 Rev. C 8/02 C-19

The BSRHOV Action Tab screen is shown in Figure C.9.
Figure C.9 BSRHOV Action Tab Screen
Sense The BSRHOV Sense fields are explained in Table C.9.
Table C.9 BSRHOV Sense Fields
Field Explanation

Source Name a source to identify which Instrument, or
input, receives the relay sense signal. The source
Master Instrument.
C-20 72A-1585 Rev. C 8/02

ProTesT User Guide
Hints • Use Offset Voltage = 0, and non-zero Offset Duration Action

Delay if polarizing current must be applied before the Action.
that can be detected with the ramp. A large amount may be
required, for example, 25 to 50% of the pulse duration. This filters
transient response to the leading edge of the pulse. If contact
instability is also present, use sense duration as well.
Operation Graph
The BSRHOV Operation graph is shown in Figure C.10.
Figure C.10 BSRHOV Operation Graph
Prefault Tab
voltage and increasing current. The BSRHOV Prefault Tab fields are
explained in Table C.10 on page C-22.
indicated. This allows an intelligent relay to see
normal conditions before responding to the fault
condition generated by running the macro. If the
Prefault duration is 0, no Prefault occurs.
72A-1585 Rev. C 8/02 C-21

Table C.10 BSRHOV Prefault Tab Fields
Field Explanation
be modified.
C-22 72A-1585 Rev. C 8/02

ProTesT User Guide
CLOSEA - Close Angle, Voltage or Current - V ProTesTPLAN

Description
The phase angle of one or more sources rotates in one direction from an
initial line angle offset, looking for lead dropout. Phase then returns to
the offset and rotates in the other direction, looking for lag dropout. Lead
and Lag are recorded. CLOSEA is a dropout test, very much the same as
MAXTAV, Maximum Torque Angle test, but allows the user to specify a
closing angle at which dropout is expected. CLOSEA can also be used as
a pickup test.
Operation
The phase of all sources is ramped at the specified rate. Mark AC source
phases ACTION, or A–120 or A+120 for phase offset, and enter values
for amplitude and frequency.
Use
This macro tests phase and power swing relays.
NOTE Both voltage and current phase action can be used.
Test Tab
On the CLOSEA Test Tab screen (Figure C.11 on page C-25):
3. Specify phase as ACTION, A−120, A+120, for example, and enter
phase and frequency values.
72A-1585 Rev. C 8/02 C-23


The CLOSEA Test Tab Results fields are explained
in Table C.11.
Table C.11 CLOSEA Test Tab Results Fields
Field Explanation
Close Angle Specified angle where relay is expected

to drop out.
Tolerance +/– Angle tolerance for dropout.
Lead Dropout Angle Recorded operate angle of relay
in lead direction.
Lag Dropout Angle Recorded operate angle of relay
in lag direction.
Lead Error Recorded difference between lead
dropout angle value and the actual
recorded value.
Lag Error Recorded difference between lag
dropout angle value and the actual
recorded value.
Result Pass/Fail.
C-24 72A-1585 Rev. C 8/02

ProTesT User Guide
The CLOSEA Test Tab screen is shown in Figure C.11.
Figure C.11 CLOSEA Test Tab Screen
Action Tab
The CLOSEA Action Tab Conditions fields are explained in Table C.12.
Table C.12 CLOSEA Action Conditions Tab Fields
Field Explanation
Line Angle The initial phase for Action sources.

Line Angle Duration How long to maintain the initial phase
angle. Be sure it is long enough for the
relay to pick up.
Delta Angle The increment of phase rotation, in
degrees.
Delta Time How long to hold each phase step during
rotation – measured in cycles.
Angle Limit How far to go before stopping ramp if the
relay does not operate – must be positive.
The same limit is used in each direction.
72A-1585 Rev. C 8/02 C-25

The CLOSEA Action tab is shown in Figure C.12.
Figure C.12 CLOSEA Action Tab Screen
Sense The CLOSEA Sense fields are explained in Table C.13.
Table C.13 CLOSEA Sense Fields
Field Explanation

Master Instrument.
initialize and turn on as follows:
• Action sources turn on at Offset values and move to Action
values.
The test stops as soon as the relay operates and the phase is recorded.
Phase returns to offset, waits, and begins ramping in the other direction.
If the relay does not operate, a No Op is recorded.
Hints Note that Angle Limit is the maximum displacement from the line angle
that is allowed before a No Op is recorded.
C-26 72A-1585 Rev. C 8/02

ProTesT User Guide
Operation Graph
The CLOSEA Operation graph is shown in Figure C.13.
Figure C.13 CLOSEA Operation Graph
72A-1585 Rev. C 8/02 C-27

CREEPF - Manual Frequency Ramp - F ProTesTPLAN

Description
CREEPF allows the user to step the frequency up or down.
Operation
Test sources are initialized at the offset frequency. The next step requires
the user to increment or decrement the frequency. Click the up or down
spinner control on the Test in Progress Window, or use the Up arrow or
Down arrow. Frequency changes by the delta frequency are specified on
the Action tab. The macro ends when a sense signal occurs or when the
user clicks Record or presses Enter to record visually detected operation.
Use
This macro manually tests frequency relays.
Notes
• Frequency values can be entered for the range 25 to 2000 Hz for
the F6000, F225x, and up to 600 Hz for F2100, F2200, F2500,
F2350, F27000; however, the test can run only if there is a
harmonic that can cover the specified range.
• The minimum frequency step is 0.001 Hz at the base frequency
for the F225x and the F6000, or 0.01 Hz otherwise. The
minimum step is multiplied by the harmonic; e.g., 0.002 or
0.02 Hz at second harmonic.
C-28 72A-1585 Rev. C 8/02

ProTesT User Guide
Test Tab
On the CREEPF Test Tab screen (Figure C.14 on page C-30):
3. Mark source frequency ACTION and enter amplitude and phase
values.
The CREEPF Test Tab Results fields are explained
in Table C.14.
Table C.14 CREEPF Test Tab Results Fields
Field Explanation
Expected F Expected operate value, in Hz.

+ Hz/– Hz Plus/minus tolerance in Hz, used for Pass/Fail
calculation.
Error Error in Hz.
72A-1585 Rev. C 8/02 C-29

The CREEPF Test Tab screen is shown in Figure C.14.
Figure C.14 CREEPF Test Tab Screen
Action Tab
The CREEPF Action Tab Conditions fields are explained in Table C.15.
Table C.15 CREEPF Action Tab Conditions Fields
Field Explanation
Offset Frequency The initial frequency for all Action sources,

typically line frequency.
Offset Duration How long to maintain the offset. Be sure it is
long enough for the relay to initialize. In
CREEPF, it is not important, because the Action
does not begin until the user presses an Action
key.
Frequency Limit The frequency at which the ramp stops if Sense
is not detected.
Delta Frequency The +/– increment to be applied.
C-30 72A-1585 Rev. C 8/02

ProTesT User Guide
The CREEPF Action Tab screen is shown in Figure C.15.
Figure C.15 CREEPF Action Tab Screen
Sense The CREEPF Sense fields are explained in Table C.16.
Table C.16 CREEPF Sense Fields
Field Explanation

Master Instrument.
values.
Raise and lower the action value by changing the delta frequency. The
test stops as soon as the relay operates, or when Record is pressed and
the result is recorded.
72A-1585 Rev. C 8/02 C-31

Operation Graph
The CREEPF Operation graph is shown in Figure C.16.
Figure C.16 CREEPF Operation Graph
C-32 72A-1585 Rev. C 8/02

ProTesT User Guide
CREEPI - Manual Current Ramp - I ProTesTPLAN

Description
CREEPI allows the user to step amplitude up or down.
Operation
Test sources are initialized and the Action Offset is applied. The next step
requires the user to increment or decrement the current. Click the up or
down spinner control on the Test in Progress Window, or use Up Arrow
or Down Arrow. Source output changes by the delta current are specified
on the Action tab. The macro ends when a sense signal occurs or when
the user clicks Record or presses Enter to record visually detected
operation.
Use
This macro records visually detected relay operation. For example, use a
DC Action source to test an auxiliary relay or a relay target when no
contact or voltage sense signal can be provided.
Notes
• Because each keyboard action to change amplitude requires
ProTesT to send a command to the Instrument, entering inputs too
fast can cause problems.
• If using the F2410 rectified DI source, once a test current has
been applied, increments of current exhibit capacitive delay
before changing to the new amplitude.
Test Tab
On the CREEPI Test tab (Figure C.17 on page C-35):
frequency values.
72A-1585 Rev. C 8/02 C-33


The CREEPI Test Tab Results fields are explained in
Table C.17.
Table C.17 CREEPI Test Tab Results Fields
Field Explanation

+ %/– % Plus/minus tolerance percentage, used for
Pass/Fail calculation.
% Error Error.
C-34 72A-1585 Rev. C 8/02

ProTesT User Guide
The CREEPI Test Tab screen is shown in Figure C.17.
Figure C.17 CREEPI Test Tab Screen
Action Tab
The CREEPI Action Tab Conditions fields are explained in Table C.18.
Table C.18 CREEPI Action Tab Conditions Fields
Field Explanation
Offset Current The initial current for all Action sources,

typically the normal load current.
Offset Duration How long to maintain the offset. Be sure it
is long enough for the relay to initialize. In
CREEPI, it is not important, because the Action
key.
Current Limit The maximum or minimum test current.
The larger of Offset or Limit determines the
range selected.
Delta Current The +/– increment to be applied.
72A-1585 Rev. C 8/02 C-35

The CREEPI Action Tab screen is shown in Figure C.18
Figure C.18 CREEPI Action Tab Screen
Sense The CREEPI Sense fields are explained in Table C.19.
Table C.19 CREEPI Sense Fields
Field Explanation

Master Instrument.
Raise and lower the action value by changing the delta frequency. The
test stops as soon as the relay operates, or when Record is pressed and
the result is recorded.
C-36 72A-1585 Rev. C 8/02

ProTesT User Guide
Operation Graph
The CREEPI Operation graph is shown in Figure C.19.
Figure C.19 CREEPI Operation Graph
Prefault Tab
applied for a duration before the macro action begins with faulted
voltage and increasing current. The CREEPI Prefault tab fields are

Table C.20 CREEPI Prefault Tab Fields
Field Explanation
be modified.
72A-1585 Rev. C 8/02 C-37

CREEPV - Manual Voltage Ramp - V ProTesTPLAN

Description
CREEPV allows the user to control the up or down movement of the
Action voltage.
Operation
Test sources are initialized and the Action Offset is applied. The next step
requires the user to increment or decrement the frequency. Click the up
or down spinner control on the Test in Progress Window, or use Up
Arrow or Down Arrow. Frequency changes by the delta frequency
specified on the Action tab. The macro ends when a sense signal occurs
or when the user clicks Record or presses Enter to record visually
detected operation.
Use
This macro records visually detected relay operation. For example, use
DC Action to test an auxiliary relay or a relay target, when no contact or
voltage sense signal can be provided.
Notes
• Since each keyboard action to change amplitude requires
ProTesT to send a command to the Instrument, entering inputs too
fast can cause problems.
• If using the F2410 rectified DV source, once a test voltage has
been applied, increments of voltage exhibit capacitive delay
before changing to the new amplitude.
C-38 72A-1585 Rev. C 8/02

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Test Tab
On the CREEPV Test Tab screen (Figure C.20 on page C-40):
frequency values.
The CREEPV Test Tab Results fields are explained
in Table C.21.
Table C.21 CREEPV Test Tab Results Fields
Field Explanation
Expected V Expected operate value, in Volts.

% Error Error.
72A-1585 Rev. C 8/02 C-39

The CREEPV Test Tab screen is shown in Figure C.20.
Figure C.20 CREEPV Test Tab Screen
Action Tab
The CREEPV Action Tab Conditions fields are explained in Table C.22.
Table C.22 CREEPV Action Tab Conditions Fields
Field Explanation
Offset Voltage The initial voltage for all Action sources,

typically the normal load voltage.
long enough for the relay to initialize. In
CREEPV, it is not important, because the Action
key.
Voltage Limit The minimum or maximum test voltage. The
larger of Offset or Limit determines the range
selected.
Delta Voltage The +/– increment to be applied with each press
of an Action key.
C-40 72A-1585 Rev. C 8/02

ProTesT User Guide
The CREEPV Action Tab screen is shown in Figure C.21.
Figure C.21 CREEPV Action Tab Screen
Sense The CLOSEA Sense fields are explained in Table C.23.
Table C.23 CLOSEA Sense Fields
Field Explanation

Master Instrument.
Raise and lower the action value by the delta frequency. The test stops as
soon as the relay operates, or when Record is pressed and the result is
recorded.
72A-1585 Rev. C 8/02 C-41

Operation Graph
The CREEPV Operation graph is shown in Figure C.22.
Figure C.22 CREEPV Operation Graph
Prefault Tab
voltage and increasing current. The CREEPV Prefault Tab fields are

Table C.24 CREEPV Prefault Tab Fields
Field Explanation
Source Name Source names are set from the Test tab and
cannot be modified.
C-42 72A-1585 Rev. C 8/02

ProTesT User Guide
DRAMPI - Double Ramp Current - I ProTesTPLAN

Description
The amplitude of one or more current sources is ramped from an offset
value toward a limit current. The ramp stops when the relay operates, or
when the limit is reached. Current is held steady for the specified number
of cycles, then ramps toward a second limit. The second ramp stops
when the relay drops out, or when the second limit is reached. Expected
values and pass/fail tolerances can be assigned for both pickup and
dropout current. The macro can ramp from a high offset toward a low
limit, and then ramp back toward a high limit; or, it can ramp from a low
offset toward a high limit, and back.
Operation
An offset current is applied, and at the end of the offset duration, a sense
check is performed to ensure that the relay has not already operated. The
first current ramp stops when the relay operates or when the limit has
been reached. The amplitude is then held for the wait time, which can be
zero, and another sense check is performed to ensure that the relay has
not already dropped out. Then the second ramp proceeds.
Use
This macro tests minimum pickup of current operated relays.
Notes
• Ramp 1 Limit and Ramp 2 Limit are independent of the Offset
Current; i.e., the limit current can be higher or lower than the
offset current.
• Normal operation assumes that relay pickup and dropout occurs
in the range between Ramp 1 Limit and Ramp 2 Limit. If the relay
operates between Offset and Ramp 2 Limit during Ramp 1,
however, the ramp will reverse direction and never reach the
second limit. A No Op will be recorded.
72A-1585 Rev. C 8/02 C-43

Test Tab
On the DRAMPI Test Tab screen (Figure C.23):
frequency values.
The DRAMPI Test Tab Results fields are explained
in Table C.25.
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ProTesT User Guide
Table C.25 DRAMPI Test Tab Results Fields
Field Explanation
Expected I 1 Expected operate Current for Ramp 1.

Expected I 2 Expected operate Current for Ramp 2.
% Error Error.
The DRAMPI Test Tab screen is shown in Figure C.23.
Figure C.23 DRAMPI Test Tab Screen
72A-1585 Rev. C 8/02 C-45

Action Tab
The DRAMPI Action Tab Conditions fields are explained in Table C.26.
Table C.26 DRAMPI Action Tab Conditions Fields
Field Explanation
Offset Current Initial current for all Action sources.

Can be 0 cycles.
Delta Current #1 Step size of first ramp. Use a minus sign
for a downward ramp.
Delta Time #1 How long each ramp step is held waiting
for a sense, given in cycles.
Ramp 1 Limit Current at which the ramp stops if the
relay does not operate. Source range
is determined by maximum of Offset,
Ramp 1 limit, and Ramp 2 limit.
Wait How long to wait before beginning
Ramp 2. A sense check is performed
before Ramp 2 begins.
Delta Current #2 Signed step size of second ramp.
Delta Time #2 Step length of second ramp.
Ramp 2 Limit Current at which the ramp stops if the
relay does not operate.
C-46 72A-1585 Rev. C 8/02

ProTesT User Guide
The DRAMPI Action Tab screen is shown in Figure C.24.
Figure C.24 DRAMPI Action Tab Screen
Sense The DRAMPI Sense fields are explained in Table C.27.
Table C.27 DRAMPI Sense Fields
Field Explanation

Master Instrument.
values.
When the relay operates, the pickup current is recorded. After the Wait
time, Ramp 2 begins and the dropout current is recorded. If the relay
does not operate on either ramp, a No Op is recorded.
72A-1585 Rev. C 8/02 C-47

Operation Graph
The DRAMPI Operation graph is shown in Figure C.25.
Figure C.25 DRAMPI Operation Graph
C-48 72A-1585 Rev. C 8/02

ProTesT User Guide
DRAMPV - Double Ramp Voltage - V ProTesTPLAN

Description
The amplitude of one or more voltage sources is ramped from an offset
value toward a limit voltage. The ramp stops when the relay operates, or
when the limit is reached. Voltage is held steady for the specified number
of cycles, then ramps toward a second limit. The second ramp stops
when the relay drops out, or when the second limit is reached. Expected
values and pass/fail tolerances can be given for both pickup and dropout
voltage. The macro can ramp from a high offset toward a low limit, and
then ramp back toward a high limit; or, it can ramp from a low offset
toward a high limit, and back.
Operation
An offset voltage is applied, and at the end of the offset duration, a sense
check is performed to ensure that the relay has not already operated. The
first voltage ramp stops when the relay operates or the limit has been
reached. The amplitude is then held for the wait time, which can be zero,
and another sense check is performed, to ensure that the relay has not
already dropped out. Then the second ramp proceeds.
Use
This macro tests minimum pickup of voltage operated relays.
Notes
• Ramp 1 Limit and Ramp 2 Limit are independent of the Offset
Voltage; i.e., the limit voltage can be higher or lower than the
offset voltage.
• Normal operation assumes that relay pickup and dropout occurs
in the range between Ramp 1 Limit and Ramp 2 Limit. If the relay
operates between Offset and Ramp 2 Limit during Ramp 1,
however, the ramp will reverse direction and never reach the
second limit. A No Op will be recorded.
72A-1585 Rev. C 8/02 C-49

Test Tab
On the DRAMPV Test Tab screen (Figure C.26):
frequency values.
The DRAMPV Test Tab Results fields are explained
in Table C.28.
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ProTesT User Guide
Table C.28 DRAMPV Test Tab Results Fields
Field Explanation
Expected V 1 Expected operate voltage for Ramp 1.

Expected V 2 Expected operate voltage for Ramp 2.
+% / –% Plus/minus tolerance percentage used for
% Error Percent error.
The DRAMPV Test Tab screen is shown in Figure C.26
Figure C.26 DRAMPV Test Tab Screen
72A-1585 Rev. C 8/02 C-51

Action Tab
The DRAMPV Action Tab Conditions fields are explained in Table C.29.
Table C.29 DRAMPV Action Tab Conditions Fields
Field Explanation
Offset Voltage Initial voltage for all Action sources.

Offset Duration How long to maintain the offset. Can be 0
cycles.
Delta Voltage #1 Step size of first ramp. Use a minus sign for a
downward ramp.
Delta Time #1 How long each ramp step is held, waiting for a
sense, given in cycles.
Ramp 1 Limit Voltage at which the ramp stops if the relay does
not operate. Source range is determined by
maximum of Offset, Ramp 1 limit, and Ramp 2
limit.
Wait How long to wait before beginning Ramp 2. A
sense check is performed before Ramp 2 begins.
Delta Voltage #2 Signed step size of second ramp.
Delta Time #2 Step length of second ramp.
Ramp 2 Limit Voltage at which the ramp stops if the relay does
not operate.
The DRAMPV Action Tab screen is shown in Figure C.27
Figure C.27 DRAMPV Action Tab Screen
C-52 72A-1585 Rev. C 8/02

ProTesT User Guide
Sense The DRAMPV Sense fields are explained in Table C.30.
Table C.30 DRAMPV Sense Fields
Field Explanation

Master Instrument.
values.
Voltage action begins with Ramp 1. When the relay operates the pickup
voltage is recorded. After the Wait time, Ramp 2 begins and the dropout
voltage is recorded. If the relay does not operate, a No Op is recorded.
Operation Graph
The DRAMPV Operation graph is shown in Figure C.28.
Figure C.28 DRAMPV Operation Graph
72A-1585 Rev. C 8/02 C-53

C-54 72A-1585 Rev. C 8/02

ProTesT User Guide
EXTERN - Run External Program - All ProTesTPLANS

Description
EXTERN allows for the use of an external program.
Operation
When EXTERN is run, ProTesT executes the specified command line,
similar to Start | Run from the Windows task bar. When a macro is run, it
launches a user-specified program in the specified drive and path.
Command line arguments can be specified. If the external program
accepts input from an ASCII file, notebook text can be exported to a file
from the Notebook page of the EXTERN Macro, Originator side. Text will
be exported to the file named as Input Filename. If the program produces
text file output, identified as Output Filename, the text file can be viewed
using the Open button on the user side of Notebook.
Use
This macro executes a program to alter settings or to retrieve event data
from a microprocessor relay.
Setting changes can be passed via a script recorded in the Notebook and
written to a file read by the program called to communicate with the
relay.
Notes
• EXTERN runs automatically with AUTORUN.
• The program executed can be a Windows program or a
DOS program.
72A-1585 Rev. C 8/02 C-55

Test Tab
On the EXTERN Test Tab screen (Figure C.29):
Browse Use this button to open a window to locate a
program and optional input or output files.
Open Use this button to examine the contents of the
input file or the output file after the macro has run.
The EXTERN Test Tab Fields are explained in Table C.31.
Table C.31 EXTERN Test Tab Fields
Field Explanation
Working Directory Startup path for external program.

If program is in the file path, and if
changing to the startup directory is not
required, this can be left blank. Default
Path is the current database path.
Program Name Command line name to execute
program; does not require .EXE,
.BAT, or .COM extension.
Arguments Optional command line arguments.
Could also be included with the program
name.
File to External Program File path of optional ASCII input file to
the program. Text data will be written to
that file from the Originator side of the
Notebook.
File from External Program File path of optional output file from the
program. If program writes text output to
a file, it will be imported into the User
side of the Notebook.
Append Data from Select the check box if output is to be
External Program appended, rather than overwriting
previous contents of the output file.
C-56 72A-1585 Rev. C 8/02

ProTesT User Guide
The EXTERN Test Tab screen is shown in Figure C.29
Figure C.29 EXTERN Test Tab Screen
Notebook Tab
Select the Notebook tab and enter text on the Originator side to create a
file that can be read by the external program. When EXTERN is Run, the
ASCII text is written to the program’s Input Filename indicated.
72A-1585 Rev. C 8/02 C-57

C-58 72A-1585 Rev. C 8/02

ProTesT User Guide
FRDRMP - Frequency Double Ramp - F ProTesTPLAN

Description
The frequency of one or more sources is ramped from an offset value
toward a limit frequency. The ramp stops when the relay picks up, or
when the limit is reached. The frequency is held steady for a specified
number of cycles, then ramps toward a second limit. The second ramp
stops when the relay drops out, or when the second limit is reached.
Expected values and pass/fail tolerances, in Hertz, can be given for both
relay pickup and dropout.
Operation
The frequency of all sources is ramped from offset toward the Ramp 1
limit at the specified Hertz/second rate. Relay pickup stops Ramp 1;
otherwise the ramp goes to the first limit. After a wait, Ramp 2 begins.
Sources can be at different harmonics; e.g. one current can be at 60 Hz
(or 50 Hz), and another at 120 Hz (or 100 Hz), to test harmonic restraint
on a differential relay.
Use
This macro tests frequency and differential relays.
Notes
• F2100, F2200, F2500, F2350 and F2700 instruments cannot ramp
frequency at a rate slower than 0.02 Hz/sec. Even though
frequency can be specified to 0.01 Hz, a ramp rate of 0.01 Hz/sec
cannot be used. Ramp rates above 10 Hz/sec can be specified
only to 0.10 Hz/sec.
• F225x and F6000 family instruments can ramp at a rate down to
0.001 Hz/sec.
• One source can have an Action frequency, while all others are at
base frequency, as long as the Action is Source 1 of the Master
F2000 (Source 1 is the top source on the F2000.) Any source on
the F6000 can be Action. Enter ACTION for one source
frequency, and indicate the frequency reference for the others:
FX (crystal) or FL (line). When the test is run, ProTesT will verify
that the Action source is indeed Source 1 of the Master.
72A-1585 Rev. C 8/02 C-59

• The F6000 does not have FL or FE setting. Map this to the

FX setting.
• Source 1 of the Master can, instead, be set to FX base frequency,
and all other sources can have ACTION frequency. Any source on
the F6000 can be FX.
• F2000 base frequency has a range of 25 to 99.99 Hz. Harmonics
allow frequencies up to 600 Hz. Macro frequencies can be
specified up to 600 Hz as long as ProTesT can find a harmonic to
cover the required range. F2250 Power System Simulators have a
frequency range from 10 to 1999 Hz.
Test Tab
On the FRDRMP Test Tab screen (Figure C.30):
3. Enter the source frequency ACTION and enter amplitude and phase
values.
The FRDRMP Test Tab Results fields are explained
in Table C.32.
C-60 72A-1585 Rev. C 8/02

ProTesT User Guide

Table C.32 FRDRMP Test Tab Results Fields
Field Explanation
Expected F Expected operate frequency for RAMP.

+ Hz/– Hz Plus/minus tolerance in Hz used for Pass/Fail
calculation.
Error Hz Error in Hertz.
The FRDRMP Test Tab screen is shown in Figure C.30.
Figure C.30 FRDRMP Test Tab Screen
72A-1585 Rev. C 8/02 C-61

Action Tab
The FRDRMP Action Tab Conditions fields are explained in Table C.33.
Table C.33 FRDRMP Action Tab Conditions Fields
Field Explanation
Offset Frequency Initial frequency for all Action sources.

Offset Duration How long to maintain the offset. Note that offset
duration is measured in Offset Frequency cycles.
Ramp 1 Rate Rate of frequency change for Ramp 1. Rate is
+/– Hz/second; i.e., frequency varies continually
with every reference cycle.
Ramp 1 Limit Frequency at which the Ramp 1 stops; ramp also
stops when a sense occurs.
Wait How many cycles to wait before beginning
Ramp 2. Note that Wait is measured in cycles of
the frequency in effect at the time.
Ramp 2 Rate Rate of frequency change for Ramp 2. Rate is
+/– Hz/second; i.e., frequency varies continually
with every reference cycle. Ramp 2 must be
opposite in sign to Ramp 1.
Ramp 2 Limit Frequency at which the second ramp stops;
ramp also stops when a sense occurs. Ramp 2
Limit can be either lower or higher than Ramp 1
Limit or the Offset Frequency.
The FRDRMP Action Tab screen is shown in Figure C.31.
Figure C.31 FRDRMP Action Tab Screen
C-62 72A-1585 Rev. C 8/02

ProTesT User Guide
Sense The FRDRMP Sense fields are explained in Table C.34.
Table C.34 FRDRMP Sense Fields
Field Explanation

Master Instrument.
values.
Ramp 1 begins; when the relay operates, and the pickup frequency is
recorded. After the Wait time, Ramp 2 begins and the dropout frequency
is recorded. If the relay does not operate, a No Op is recorded.
Hints Use Sense Delay or Sense Duration to ensure solid relay pickup. If a relay
is unstable at the pickup point, the down ramp reports a Sense Check; i.e,
the relay has already appeared to dropout before Ramp 2 begins.
Operation Graph
The FRDRMP Operation graph is shown in Figure C.32.
Figure C.32 FRDRMP Operation Graph
72A-1585 Rev. C 8/02 C-63

FRRMPT - Frequency Ramp, Timer Start - F ProTesTPLAN

Description
The frequency of one or more sources is ramped from an offset value
toward a limit frequency. The timer starts when a trigger frequency is
reached, to measure relay operate time. Time is displayed in user
selected units (mSec/Sec/Cycles).
Operation
The frequency of all sources is ramped at the specified Hertz/second rate,
and the timer starts at the specified trigger frequency.
Set Max On Time = 0, and set the Timer Start Frequency to any value
between offset and limit. The relay is expected to operate before the
Frequency Limit is reached, which terminates the test.
Sources can be at different harmonics; e.g. one current can be at 60 Hz
(or 50 Hz), and another at 120 Hz (or 100 Hz), to test harmonic restraint
on a differential relay.
Use
Notes
• An optional Maximum On Time can be specified, which holds
the sources at the frequency limit for a specified number of
seconds. If Max On Time > 0, relay operation must occur while
the sources are at the Frequency Limit, otherwise, no sense will
be recorded. Recommended Value = 0.
F2000. Source 1 is the top source on the F2000. Any source on
the F6000 can be Action. Enter ACTION for one source
frequency, and indicate the frequency reference for the others:
FX (crystal) or FL (line). When the Test is run, ProTesT will verify
that the Action source is indeed Source 1 of the Master.
FX setting.
C-64 72A-1585 Rev. C 8/02

ProTesT User Guide
• Source 1 of the Master can, instead, be set to FX or FL base

frequency, and all other sources can have ACTION frequency.
Any source on the F6000 can be FX.
• F2250 Power System Simulators can ramp frequency down to
0.001 Hz/sec; however, F2100, F2200, F2500, and F2350
instruments cannot ramp slower than 0.02 Hz/sec.
• Pulse mode sense (e.g., O–>C–>O) cannot be used.
allow frequencies up to 1999 Hz in F225x, 600 Hz otherwise.
Macro frequencies can be specified up to 600 Hz as long as
ProTesT can find a harmonic to cover the required range.
Test Tab
On the FRRMPT Test Tab screen (Figure C.33 on page C-66):
values.
The FRRMPT Test Tab Results fields are explained
72A-1585 Rev. C 8/02 C-65

Table C.35 FRRMPT Test Table Results Fields
Field Explanation
Expected Time Expected operate time.

+ %/- % Plus/minus tolerance percentage, used for
Error Error.
Time Units mSec, and Sec, and Cycles. (Units of expected
actual times).
The FRRMPT Test Tab screen is shown in Figure C.33.
Figure C.33 FRRMPT Test Tab Screen
C-66 72A-1585 Rev. C 8/02

ProTesT User Guide
Action Tab
The FRRMPT Action Tab Conditions fields are explained in Table C.36.
Table C.36 FRRMPT Action Tab Conditions Fields

Offset Duration How long to maintain the offset. Note that
offset duration is measured in Offset
Frequency cycles.
Ramp Rate Rate of change of frequency. Rate is in
Hz/second; i.e., frequency varies continually
with every reference cycle.
Frequency Limit The ramp stops when this frequency is
reached.
Timer Start Frequency When ramping frequency reaches this trigger
value, the timer starts.
NOTE: Use the actual operating relay
frequency to start this timer.
Max On Time Set to 0 unless relay operation is expected to
occur after Frequency Limit has been
reached.
The FRRMPT Action Tab screen is shown in Figure C.34.
Figure C.34 FRRMPT Action Tab Screen
72A-1585 Rev. C 8/02 C-67

Sense The FRRMPT Sense fields are explained in Table C.37.
Table C.37 FRRMPT Sense Fields
Field Explanation

Master Instrument.
values.
Frequency action then begins. The test stops as soon as the relay operates
and the phase is recorded. If the relay does not operate, a No Op is
recorded.
Operation Graph
The FRRMPT Operation graph is shown in Figure C.35.
Figure C.35 FRRMPT Operation Graph
C-68 72A-1585 Rev. C 8/02

ProTesT User Guide
GONGOF - Go/No Go Frequency Test - F ProTesTPLAN,

V ProTesTPLAN
Description
One or more test sources are set to initial values, and a frequency step
change is applied. If the relay operates, when the Expected Value is set to
Op, the result is Pass. If the relay does not operate before Maximum On
Time expires, the result is Fail.
Operation
GONGOF does an A to B frequency step change. It is also possible for
one source to be an Action frequency, while all others are at base
frequency, as long as the Action is Source 1 of the Master F2000 or the
F6000. Enter ACTION for one source frequency, and indicate the
frequency reference for the others: FX (crystal) or FL (line). When the Test
is run, ProTesT will verify that the Action source is indeed Source 1 of the
Master or F6000.
Use
Notes
• Time intervals for offset and Maximum On Time are measured in
cycles at the base frequency in effect at that time; i.e., the two
durations may be cycles at different frequencies.
F2000 or F6000. Any source on the F6000 can be Action. Enter
ACTION for one source frequency, and indicate the frequency
reference for the others: FX or FL. When the Test is run, ProTesT
will verify that the Action source is indeed Source 1 of the Master.
FX setting.
72A-1585 Rev. C 8/02 C-69

GONGOF - Go/No Go Frequency Test - F ProTesTPLAN, V ProTesTPLAN
• Source 1 of the Master can, instead, be set to crystal (FX) base

allow frequencies up to 600 Hz. Macro frequencies can be
specified up to 600 Hz as long as ProTesT can find a harmonic to
cover the required range. F2250 Power System Simulators have a
frequency range from 10 to 1999 Hz.
Test Tab
On the GONGOF Test Tab screen (Figure C.36):
values.
The GONGOF Test Tab Results fields are
C-70 72A-1585 Rev. C 8/02

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Table C.38 GONGOF Test Tab Results Fields
Field Explanation
Expected Value Select Op (for operate) or No Op as desired

result.
Result Pass/Fail.
The GONGOF Test Tab screen is shown in Figure C.36.

.
Figure C.36 GONGOF Test Tab Screen
72A-1585 Rev. C 8/02 C-71

GONGOF - Go/No Go Frequency Test - F ProTesTPLAN, V ProTesTPLAN
Action Tab
The GONGOF Action Tab Conditions fields are explained in Table C.39.
Table C.39 GONGOF Action Tab Conditions fields
Field Explanation
Offset Frequency The initial frequency for all Action sources,

typically the normal value.
Offset Duration How long to maintain the offset, in Offset
Frequency cycles. Be sure it is long enough for
the relay to initialize.
Test Frequency The test frequency to apply.
Max On Time How long to maintain the test frequency, in Test
Frequency cycles. Be sure it is long enough for
the relay to sense and respond.
The GONGOF Action Tab screen is shown in Figure C.37.
Figure C.37 GONGOF Action Tab Screen
C-72 72A-1585 Rev. C 8/02

ProTesT User Guide
Sense The GONGOF Sense fields are explained in Table C.40.
Table C.40 GONGOF Sense Fields
Field Explanation

Master Instrument.
values.
Frequency action then begins. The test stops as soon as the relay operates
or maximum on time is reached and the result is recorded as Pass or Fail.
Operation Graph
The GONGOF Operation Graph is shown in Figure C.38.
Figure C.38 GONGOF Operation Graph
72A-1585 Rev. C 8/02 C-73

GONGOI - Go/No-Go Current Test - I ProTesTPLAN, Z ProTesTPLAN

Description
One or more test sources are set to initial values, and a current step
Operation
GONGOI does an A to B current step change.
Use
This macro performs setpoint testing of overcurrent relays. Use DC
Action source to test a relay target, when contact or voltage sense signal
can be provided.
Notes
• To use DC Action, set Action current frequency to DC; to use the
F2410 rectified DC source, use the source name DI. Phase should
be left blank.
• With DC Action on the F2410, use an offset of 0 volts, and a
non-zero test current (or vice versa), to ensure a sharp DC current
transition, because of capacitive delay.
• With DC Action on the F2410, Pulse Duration should be at least
1.5 seconds (90 cycles at 60 Hz) to allow the F2410 to energize
to the test current, when going from 0 to test voltage. When going
from an elevated offset voltage to 0, Offset Duration should be
greater than 1.5 seconds (90 cycles at 60 Hz). F225x and F6000
DC sources respond immediately.
C-74 72A-1585 Rev. C 8/02

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Test Tab
On the GONGOI Test Tab screen (Figure C.39 on page C-76):
frequency values, except in the case of DC tests.
The GONGOI Test Tab Results fields are explained
in Table C.41.
Table C.41 GONGOI Test Tab Results Fields
Field Explanation
Expected Value Select Op or No Op as desired result.

Result Pass/Fail.
72A-1585 Rev. C 8/02 C-75

The GONGOI Test Tab screen is shown in Figure C.39.
Figure C.39 GONGOI Test Tab Screen
Action Tab
The GONGOI Action Tab Conditions fields are explained in Table C.42.
Table C.42 GONGOI Action Tab Conditions Fields
Field Explanation
Offset Current The initial current for all Action sources,

typically the normal load current.
long enough for the relay to initialize.
Test Current The test current to apply.
Max On Time How long to maintain the test current. Be sure it
is long enough for the relay to sense and
respond.
C-76 72A-1585 Rev. C 8/02

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The GONGOI Action Tab screen is shown in Figure C.40.
Figure C.40 GONGOI Action Tab Screen
Sense The GONGOI Sense fields are explained in Table C.43.
Table C.43 GONGOI Sense Fields
Field Explanation

Master Instrument.
• Action sources turn on at Prefault values, move to offset values
and then to Action values.
Current action begins. The test stops as soon as the relay operates or the
maximum on time is reached, and the result is recorded as either Pass or
Fail.
72A-1585 Rev. C 8/02 C-77

Operation Graph
The GONGOI Operation graph is shown in Figure C.41.
Figure C.41 GONGOI Operation Graph
Prefault Tab
voltage and increasing current.
The GONGOI Prefault Tab fields are explained in Table C.44.
Table C.44 GONGOI Prefault Tab Fields
Field Explanation
be modified.
C-78 72A-1585 Rev. C 8/02

ProTesT User Guide
GONGOV - Go/No-Go Voltage Test - V ProTesTPLAN,

Z ProTesTPLAN
Description
One or more test sources are set to initial values, and a voltage step
Operation
GONGOV does an A to B voltage step change.
Use
This macro performs setpoint testing on under/overvoltage relays. Use
DC Action source to test an auxiliary relay or a relay target when contact
or voltage sense signal can be provided.
Notes
• To use DC Action, set Action current voltage to DC; to use the
F2410 rectified DC source, use the source name DV. Phase
should be left blank.
• With DC Action on F2410, use an offset of 0 volts, and a
non-zero test voltage (or vice versa), to ensure a sharp DC voltage
transition.
• With DC Action on F2410, Pulse Duration should be at least 1.5
seconds (90 cycles at 60 Hz) to allow the F2410 to energize to the
test voltage, when going from 0 to test voltage. When going from
offset voltage to 0, Offset Duration should be greater than 1.5
seconds (90 cycles at 60 Hz).
72A-1585 Rev. C 8/02 C-79

GONGOV - Go/No-Go Voltage Test - V ProTesTPLAN, Z ProTesTPLAN
Test Tab
On the GONGOV Test Tab screen (Figure C.42):
frequency values.
The GONGOV Test Tab Results fields are
Table C.45 GONGOV Test Tab Result Fields
Field Explanation
Expected Value Select Op or No Op as desired result.

Result Pass/Fail.
C-80 72A-1585 Rev. C 8/02

ProTesT User Guide
The GONGOV Test Tab Screen is shown in Figure C.42.
Figure C.42 GONGOV Test Tab Screen
Action Tab
The GONGOV Action Tab Conditions fields are explained in Table C.46.
Table C.46 GONGOV Action Tab Conditions Fields
Field Explanation
Offset Voltage The initial voltage for all Action sources,

typically the normal voltage.
Test Voltage The test voltage to apply.
Max On Time How long to maintain the test voltage. Be sure it
is long enough for the relay to sense and
respond.
72A-1585 Rev. C 8/02 C-81

The GONGOV Action Tab Screen is shown in Figure C.43.
Figure C.43 GONGOV Action Tab Screen
Sense The GONGOV Sense fields are explained in Table C.47.
Table C.47 GONGOV Sense Fields
Field Explanation

Master Instrument.
Voltage action begins. The test stops as soon as the relay operates and the
result is recorded as Pass or Fail.
C-82 72A-1585 Rev. C 8/02

ProTesT User Guide
Operation Graph
The GONGOV Operation Graph is shown in Figure C.44.
Figure C.44 GONGOV Operation Graph
Prefault Tab
The GONGOV Prefault Tab Fields are explained in Table C.48.
Table C.48 GONGOV Prefault Tab Fields
Field Explanation
be modified.
72A-1585 Rev. C 8/02 C-83

C-84 72A-1585 Rev. C 8/02

ProTesT User Guide
INDPUI - Inductive Pickup, Current - I ProTesTPLAN

Description
Current is applied to make the relay operate. Current ramps downward
until the relay drops out. Current then ramps back up until the relay picks
up. Dropout and pickup values are recorded and the average calculated.
Expected value and tolerances are applied to the average.
Operation
Current is applied at an initial amplitude to force the relay to operate. As
soon as the relay operates, current is immediately lowered to the ramp
starting current. The linear ramp moves down, until the relay drops out.
The macro then ramps back up, until the relay picks up again. Two
separate ramp rates are specified, so that the ramp to dropout can move
quickly, followed by a slower ramp back to pickup.
Use
This macro tests minimum pickup and dropout for current relays.
Notes
• The initial amplitude should be high enough to guarantee relay
operation. If the amplitude is too high, however, it may cause a
high degree of contact bounce as the relay operates. Because the
downward ramp begins as soon as the relay operates, the ramp
may see unstable sense input and misinterpret the result. To filter
contact bounce, use a large amount of sense duration to hold the
initial pickup longer. Sense delay may also be helpful.
Test Tab
On the INDPUI Test Tab screen (Figure C.45 on page C-87):
frequency values.
72A-1585 Rev. C 8/02 C-85


The INDPUI Test Tab Results fields are explained
in Table C.49.
Table C.49 INDPUI Test Tab Results Fields
Field Explanation
Expected I Expected minimum pickup amplitude.

+ %/– % Plus/Minus tolerance.
Amplitude 1 Dropout amplitude.
Amplitude 2 Pickup amplitude.
Actual Average of Amplitude 1 and Amplitude 2; i.e.,
the minimum pickup.
% Error Error.
C-86 72A-1585 Rev. C 8/02

ProTesT User Guide
The INDPUI Test Tab screen is shown in Figure C.45.
Figure C.45 INDPUI Test Tab Screen
Action Tab
The INDPUI Action Tab Conditions fields are explained in Table C.50.
Table C.50 INDPUI Action Tab Conditions Fields
Field Explanation
Tap Value Tap setting used to calculate initial current,

usually set on the relay.
Initial Current Multiple of tap asserted to pick up the relay at
the beginning of the test.
Max Time of Initial Maximum time to apply the initial current
Current to guarantee the relay will operate.
Ramp Start Current Start for the ramp, expressed as % of tap; e.g.
110%.
Delta Current #1 Unsigned step size for Ramp 1, looking for
dropout.
Delta Time #1 Delta time for each step of Ramp 1.
Delta Current #2 Unsigned step size for Ramp 2, looking for
pickup.
72A-1585 Rev. C 8/02 C-87

The INDPUI Action Tab screen is shown in Figure C.46.
Figure C.46 INDPUI Action Tab Screen
Sense The INDPUI Sense fields are explained in Table C.51.
Table C.51 INDPUI Sense Fields
Field Explanation

Master Instrument.
values.
Current action then begins. The test looks for the initial relay pickup, a
dropout and a pickup. If the relay does not operate initially, an error is
noted. Similarly, errors are noted if the relay does not drop out, or if the
relay fails to pick up.
Hints Use enough sense duration to ensure stability of the sense result. If the
Test reports equal dropout and pickup values that are the same as the
Ramp Start Current, it is likely that Sense Duration is too short. As a
result, contact bounce at the initial amplitude is being misinterpreted as
pickup, dropout, and pickup, before the ramp has taken a step. Make
Sense Duration longer.
C-88 72A-1585 Rev. C 8/02

ProTesT User Guide
Operation Graph
The INDPUI Operation graph is shown in Figure C.47.
Figure C.47 INDPUI Operation Graph
72A-1585 Rev. C 8/02 C-89

INDPUV - Inductive Pickup, Voltage - V ProTesTPLAN

Description
Voltage is applied to make the relay operate. Voltage ramps downward
until the relay drops out. Voltage then ramps back up until the relay picks
up. Dropout and pickup values are recorded, and the average calculated.
Expected values and tolerances are applied to the average.
Operation
Voltage is applied at an initial amplitude to force the relay to operate. As
soon as the relay operates, voltage is immediately lowered to the ramp
starting voltage. The linear ramp moves down, until the relay drops out.
The macro then ramps back up, until the relay picks up again. Two
separate ramp rates are specified, so that the ramp to dropout can move
quickly, followed by a slower ramp back to pickup.
Use
This macro tests minimum pickup and dropout for overvoltage relays.
Notes
• The initial amplitude should be high enough to guarantee relay
operation. If the amplitude is too high, however, it may cause a
high degree of contact bounce as the relay operates. Because the
downward ramp begins as soon as the relay operates, the ramp
may see unstable sense input and misinterpret the result. Use a
large amount of sense duration to hold the initial pickup longer.
Sense delay may also be helpful.
Test Tab
On INDPUV Test Tab screen (Figure C.48):
frequency values.
C-90 72A-1585 Rev. C 8/02

ProTesT User Guide

The INDPUV Test Tab Results fields are explained
in Table C.52.
Table C.52 INDPUV Test Tab Results Fields
Field Explanation
Expected V Expected minimum pickup amplitude.

+ %/– % Plus/Minus tolerance.
Amplitude 1 Dropout amplitude.
Amplitude 2 Pickup amplitude.
Actual Average of Amplitude 1 and Amplitude 2; i.e.,
the minimum pickup.
% Error Error.
72A-1585 Rev. C 8/02 C-91

The INDPUV Test Tab screen is shown in Figure C.48.
Figure C.48 INDPUV Test Tab Screen
Action Tab
The INDPUV Action Tab Conditions fields are explained in Table C.53.
Table C.53 INDPUV Action Tab Conditions Fields
Field Explanation
Tap Value Tap setting used to calculate initial voltage,

usually set on the relay.
Initial Voltage Multiple of tap asserted to pick up the relay at
the beginning of the test.
Max Time of Initial Maximum time to apply the initial voltage, to
Voltage guarantee the relay will operate.
Ramp Start Voltage Start for the ramp, expressed as % of tap; e.g.,
110%.
Delta Voltage #1 Unsigned step size for Ramp 1, looking for
dropout.
Delta Voltage #2 Unsigned step size for Ramp 2, looking for
pickup.
C-92 72A-1585 Rev. C 8/02

ProTesT User Guide
The INDPUV Action Tab screen is shown in Figure C.49.
Figure C.49 INDPUV Action Tab Screen
Sense The INDPUV Sense fields are explained in Table C.54.
Table C.54 INDPUV Sense Fields
Field Explanation

Master Instrument.
values.
Voltage action then begins. The test looks for the initial relay pickup, a
dropout and a pickup. If the relay does not operate initially, an error is
noted. Similarly, errors are noted if the relay does not drop out, or if the
relay fails to pick up.
72A-1585 Rev. C 8/02 C-93

Hints Use enough sense duration to ensure stability of the sense result. If the
test reports equal dropout and pickup values that are the same as the
Ramp Start Voltage, it is likely that Sense Duration is too short. As a
result, contact bounce at the initial amplitude is being misinterpreted as
pickup, dropout, and pickup, before the ramp has taken a step. Make
Sense Duration longer.
Operation Graph
The INDPUV Operation Graph is shown in Figure C.50.
Figure C.50 INDPUV Operation Graph
C-94 72A-1585 Rev. C 8/02

ProTesT User Guide
LRAMPF - Linear Ramp, Frequency - F ProTesTPLAN, V ProTesTPLAN

Description
The frequency of one or more AC sources is ramped from an offset value
until the relay operates, or until a limit frequency is reached (recorded as
No Op, for No Operation).
Operation
The frequency of all ACTION sources is ramped at the specified
Hertz/second rate. Sources can be at different harmonics; e.g. one
current can be at 60 Hz (or 50 Hz), and another at 120 Hz (or 100 Hz), to
test harmonic restraint on a differential relay.
Use
This macro tests the operating frequency of different relays.
Notes
• scF225x and F6000 instruments can ramp at a rate down to 0.001
Hz/sec; however, F2100, F2200, F2500, F2350 and F2700
instruments cannot ramp frequency slower than 0.02 Hz/sec.
Ramp rates ab64ove 10 Hz/sec lose one decimal digit of
resolution.
F2000. Any source on the F6000 can be Action. Enter ACTION
for one source frequency, and indicate the frequency reference
for the others: FX (crystal) or FL (line). When the Test is run,
ProTesT will verify that the Action source is indeed Source 1 of
the Master F2000.
FX setting.
• Source 1 of the Master F2000 can, instead, be set to FX base
allow frequencies up to 2000 Hz in F225x and 1000 Hz for the
F6000. Macro frequencies can be specified up to 1999 Hz as long
as ProTesT can find a harmonic to cover the required range.
72A-1585 Rev. C 8/02 C-95

Test Tab
On the LRAMPF Test Tab screen (Figure C.51):
values.
The LRAMPF Test Tab Results Fields are explained
in Table C.55.
C-96 72A-1585 Rev. C 8/02

ProTesT User Guide
Table C.55 LRAMPF Test Tab Results Fields
Field Explanation
Expected F Expected operate value, in Hertz.

+ Hz/– Hz Plus/minus tolerance in 0.001 Hz for F225x and
F6000 instruments, 0.01 Hz otherwise; used for
Error Error in Hertz.
The LRAMPF Test Tab screen is shown in Figure C.51.
Figure C.51 LRAMPF Test Tab Screen
72A-1585 Rev. C 8/02 C-97

Action Tab
The LRAMPF Action Tab Conditions fields are explained in Table C.56.
Table C.56 LRAMPF Action Tab Conditions Fields
Field Explanation

Offset Duration How long to maintain the offset. Note that offset
duration is measured in Offset Frequency cycles.
Ramp Rate Rate of change of frequency. Rate is in
Hz/second.
Frequency Limit Frequency at which the ramp stops if the relay
does not operate.
The LRAMPF Action Tab screen is shown in Figure C.52.
Figure C.52 LRAMPF Action Tab Screen
Sense The LRAMPF Sense fields are explained in Table C.57.
Table C.57 LRAMPF Sense Fields
Field Explanation

Master Instrument.
C-98 72A-1585 Rev. C 8/02

ProTesT User Guide
values.
The test stops as soon as the relay operates and the amplitude is
recorded. If the relay does not operate, a No Op is recorded. This is
desirable if the relay should not operate.
Operation Graph
The LRAMPF Operation graph is shown in Figure C.53.
Figure C.53 LRAMPF Operation Graph
72A-1585 Rev. C 8/02 C-99

LRAMPI - Linear Ramp, Current - I ProTesTPLAN

Description
One or more current sources are ramped from an offset amplitude until
the relay operates, or until a limit amplitude is reached (recorded as
Use this macro to test reach at a specific angle for a distance relay –
hence the macros named Reach Linear Ramp Current, RCHLRI. RCHLRI
and LRAMPI are identical. If you have both V and Z ProTesTPLANS, use
the name you prefer.
Operation
One or more current sources are ramped simultaneously, using the same
Action conditions. One or more voltage presets can be applied. Sources
can have different phase angles, representing phase offset. Sources can
be at different harmonics; e.g. one current can be at 60 Hz (or 50 Hz),
and another at 120 Hz (or 100 Hz), to test harmonic restraint on a
differential relay.
Use
This macro tests Ohmic reach of current-operated directional distance
relays at specific phase angles; Pickup/dropout of overcurrent relays;
Minimum pickup and harmonic restraint for differential relays with
harmonic inrush restraint.
Notes
• To minimize test time and heating, use an offset as close to the
expected operating point as possible.
• Most relays that can be tested with RCHLRI or LRAMPI can be
tested faster using RCHBOI or BSRHOI, the binary search macro.
C-100 72A-1585 Rev. C 8/02

ProTesT User Guide
Test Tab
On the LRAMPI Test Tab screen (Figure C.54 on page C-102):
frequency values.
The LRAMPI Test Tab Results fields are explained
72A-1585 Rev. C 8/02 C-101

Table C.58 LRAMPI Test Tab Results Fields
Field Explanation

Pass/Fail calculations.
% Error Error.
The LRAMPI Test Tab screen is shown in Figure C.54.
Figure C.54 LRAMPI Test Tab Screen
C-102 72A-1585 Rev. C 8/02

ProTesT User Guide
Action Tab
The LRAMPI Action Tab Conditions fields are explained n Table C.59.
Table C.59 LRAMPI Action Tab Conditions Fields
Field Explanation

wanted, enter 0 cycles.
downward ramp.
Delta Time How long each ramp step is held while waiting
for a sense.
Current Limit The amplitude at which the ramp stops if the
The LRAMPI Action Tab screen is shown in Figure C.55.
Figure C.55 LRAMPI Action Tab Screen
72A-1585 Rev. C 8/02 C-103

Sense The LRAMPI Sense fields are explained in Table C.60.
Table C.60 LRAMPI Sense Fields
Field Explanation

Master Instrument.
Hints • Use Offset Current = 0, and non-zero Offset Duration if polarizing
voltage must be applied before the Action.
• Test results depend on the ramp rate – too fast causes overshoot,
too slow stresses the relay and takes more time. Start with a slow
rate, using values that give a stable, acceptable result. Then
reduce the delta time until the result is no longer stable. Find the
fastest ramp that is acceptable.
• For example, set Delta Current to a range of 10 to 20 percent of
the tolerance amplitude. If the Expected Value is 1 Amp with a
tolerance of +10%, the tolerance amplitude is 1.0 X 10%, which
equals 0.1, resulting in a Delta amplitude of 0.01 to 0.02 Amp
(10% to 20% of .01).
• Set Delta Time to be two to five times the nominal relay operating
time for best accuracy. Use one to two times for lowest heat and
shortest test time.
C-104 72A-1585 Rev. C 8/02

ProTesT User Guide
Operation Graph
The LRAMPI Operation graph is shown in Figure C.56.
Figure C.56 LRAMPI Operation Graph
Prefault Tab
voltage and increasing current. The LRAMPI Prefault Tab fields are
Table C.61 LRAMPV Prefault Tab Fields
Field Explanation
be modified.
72A-1585 Rev. C 8/02 C-105

LRAMPV - Linear Ramp, Voltage - V ProTesTPLAN

Description
One or more voltage sources are ramped from an offset amplitude until
hence the macros named Reach Linear Ramp Voltage, RCHLRV.
RCHLRV and LRAMPV are identical. If you have both I and Z
ProTesTPLANS use the name you prefer.
Operation
can have different phase angles, representing phasor offset. Sources can
be at different harmonics; e.g. one voltage can be at 60 Hz (or 50 Hz),
and another at 120 Hz (or 100 Hz).
Use
This macro tests Ohmic reach of voltage-operated directional distance
relays at specific phase angles; Pickup/dropout of overvoltage or
undervoltage relays.
Notes
• Most relays that can be tested with RCHLRV or LRAMPV can be
tested faster using RCHBOV or BSRHOV, the binary search
macro.
• For maximum source VA, use a source in the high end of a
voltage range.
C-106 72A-1585 Rev. C 8/02

ProTesT User Guide
Test Tab
On the LRAMPV Test Tab screen (Figure C.57 on page C-108):
frequency values.
The LRAMPV Test Tab Results fields are explained

72A-1585 Rev. C 8/02 C-107

Table C.62 LRAMPV Test Tab Results Fields
Field Explanation
Expected V Expected operate value, in volts.

% Error Error.
The LRAMPV Test Tab screen is shown in Figure C.57.
Figure C.57 LRAMPV Test Tab Screen
C-108 72A-1585 Rev. C 8/02

ProTesT User Guide
Action Tab
The LRAMPV Action Tab Conditions fields are explained in Table C.63.
Table C.63 LRAMPV Action Tab Conditions Fields
Field Explanation

wanted, enter 0 Cycles.
downward ramp.
Delta Time How long each ramp step is held waiting for a
sense.
relay does not operate. The range is determined
by the Offset Voltage or the voltage limit, which
ever is larger.
Note: Best accuracy is obtained if you use a
source in the high end of its range.
The LRAMPV Action Tab screen is shown in Figure C.58.
Figure C.58 LRAMPV Action Tab Screen
72A-1585 Rev. C 8/02 C-109

Sense The LRAMPV Sense fields are explained in Table C.64.
Table C.64 LRAMPV Sense Fields
Field Explanation

Master Instrument.
Hints • Use Offset Voltage, and non-zero Offset Duration if polarizing
current must be applied before the Action.
• For example, set Delta Voltage to a range of 10 to 20 percent of
the tolerance amplitude.
• Set delta time to be two to five times nominal relay operating time
for best accuracy. Use one to two times for lowest heat and
shortest test time.
reduce the Delta time until the result is no longer stable. Find the
C-110 72A-1585 Rev. C 8/02

ProTesT User Guide
Operation Graph
The LRAMPV Operation graph is shown in Figure C.59.
Figure C.59 LRAMPV Operation Graph
Prefault Tab
voltage and increasing current. The LRAMPV Prefault Tab fields are
Table C.65 LRAMPV Prefault Tab Fields
Field Explanation
be modified.
72A-1585 Rev. C 8/02 C-111

C-112 72A-1585 Rev. C 8/02

ProTesT User Guide
MAXTAI - Maximum Torque Angle, Current - Z ProTesTPLAN

Description
The phase of one or more AC currents is rotated from offset in one
direction, looking for lead dropout. Phase then returns to the offset and
rotates in the other direction, looking for lag dropout. The simple average
determines the maximum torque angle.
It is also possible to use MAXTAI for pickup tests.
Operation
The phase of all ACTION sources is rotated at the specified rate. Mark AC
source phases ACTION, or A–120 or A+120 for phase offset, and enter
values for amplitude and frequency.
Use
This macro tests phase and distance relays.
Test Tab
On the MAXTAI Test Tab screen (Figure C.60 on page C-115):
3. Enter source phases ACTION or A-120, A+120, etc. and enter
amplitude and frequency values.
72A-1585 Rev. C 8/02 C-113


The MAXTAI Test Tab Results fields are explained
in Table C.66.
Table C.66 MAXTAI Test Tab Results Fields
Field Explanation
Expected Angle Line angle copied from Action tab; i.e.,

Maximum Torque Angle setting.
Tolerance +/– +/– degrees tolerance.
Lead Dropout Recorded operate angle of relay in lead
Angle direction.
Lag Dropout Angle Recorded operate angle of relay in lag direction.
Max Torque Angle Average of recorded Lead and Lag dropout
angles; should be close to Line Angle. Error is
measured with respect to the Line Angle.
Error Error in degrees.
Result Pass/Fail.
C-114 72A-1585 Rev. C 8/02

ProTesT User Guide
The MAXTAI Test Tab screen is shown in Figure C.60.
Figure C.60 MAXTAI Test Tab Screen
Action Tab
The MAXTAI Action Tab Conditions fields are explained in Table C.67.
Table C.67 MAXTAI Action Tab Conditions Fields
Field Explanation
Line Angle Initial phase for all Action sources, set to

presumed angle of maximum torque.
Line Angle How long to maintain the initial phase. Be sure it
Duration is long enough for the relay to pick up.
Delta Angle Increment of phase rotation, in degrees. Can be
positive or negative, which determines whether
lead or lag direction is done first.
Delta Time How long to hold each phase step, during
rotation. Measured in cycles.
Angle Limit How many degrees to go from Line Angle before
stopping ramp if the relay does not operate. The
same limit is used in each direction.
72A-1585 Rev. C 8/02 C-115

The MAXTAI Action tab is shown in Figure C.61.
Figure C.61 MAXTAI Action Tab
Sense The MAXTAI Sense fields are explained in Table C.68.
Table C.68 MAXTAI Sense Fields
Field Explanation

Master Instrument.
values.
Phase action then begins. The test stops as soon as the relay operates and
the phase is recorded. Phase returns to offset, waits, and begins ramping
in the other direction. If the relay does not operate, a No Op is recorded.
Hints MAXTAI can be used as a pickup test. Set the Line Angle equal to MTA
+/– 180 degrees. Phase will ramp into the operate zone of the relay from
each direction, lead and lag. The average of the two pickup points will
be MTA +/– 180 degrees.
C-116 72A-1585 Rev. C 8/02

ProTesT User Guide
Operation Graph
The MAXTAI Operation graph is shown in Figure C.62.
Figure C.62 MAXTAI Operation Graph
72A-1585 Rev. C 8/02 C-117

MAXTAV - Maximum Torque Angle, Voltage - Z ProTesTPLAN

Description
The phase of one or more AC voltages is rotated from offset in one
direction, looking for lead dropout. Phase then returns to the offset and
rotates in the other direction, looking for lag dropout. The simple average
determines the maximum torque angle.
It is also possible to use MAXTAV for pickup tests.
Operation
The phase of all ACTION sources is ramped at the specified rate. Mark
AC source phases ACTION, or A–120 or A+120 for phase offset, and
enter values for amplitude and frequency.
Use
This macro tests phase and distance relays.
Test Tab
On the MAXTAV Test Tab screen (Figure C.63 on page C-120):
3. Enter source phases ACTION, or A–120 or A+120, etc. and enter
C-118 72A-1585 Rev. C 8/02

ProTesT User Guide

The MAXTAV Test Tab Results fields are explained
in Table C.69.
Table C.69 MAXTAV Test Tab Results Fields
Field Explanation
Expected Angle Line angle, copied from Action tab; i.e.,

Maximum Torque Angle setting.
Tolerance +/– +/– degrees tolerance.
Lead Dropout Recorded operate angle of relay in lead
Angle direction; i.e., when swinging in
counter-clockwise direction.
Lag Dropout Angle Recorded operate angle of relay in lag direction;
i.e., when swinging in clockwise direction.
Max Torque Angle Average of recorded Lead and Lag dropout
angles; should be close to Line Angle. Error is
measured with respect to the Line Angle.
Error Error in degrees.
Result Pass/Fail.
72A-1585 Rev. C 8/02 C-119

The MAXTAV Test Tab screen is shown in Figure C.63.
Figure C.63 MAXTAV Test Tab Screen
Action Tab
The MAXTAV Action Tab Conditions fields are explained in Table C.70.
Table C.70 MAXTAV Action Tab Conditions Fields
Field Explanation
Line Angle Initial phase for all Action sources, set to

presumed angle of maximum torque.
Line Angle How long to maintain the initial phase. Be sure
Duration it is long enough for the relay to pick up.
Delta Angle The degree increment of phase rotation. Can be
positive or negative, which determines whether
lead or lag direction is done first.
Delta Time How long to hold each phase step, during
rotation. Measured in cycles.
Angle Limit How many degrees to go from Line Angle,
before stopping ramp, if the relay does not
operate. The same limit is used in each
direction.
C-120 72A-1585 Rev. C 8/02

ProTesT User Guide
The MAXTAV Action Screen is shown in Figure C.64.
Figure C.64 MAXTAV Action Screen
Sense The MAXTAV Sense fields are explained in Table C.71.
Table C.71 MAXTAV Sense Fields
Field Explanation

Master Instrument.
values.
the phase is recorded. Phase returns to offset, waits, and begins ramping
in the other direction. If the relay does not operate, a No Op is recorded.
Hints MAXTAV can be used as a pickup test. Set the Line Angle equal to MTA
+/– 180 degrees. Phase will ramp into the operate zone of the relay from
each direction, lead, and lag. The average of the two pickup points
should be MTA +/– 180 degrees.
72A-1585 Rev. C 8/02 C-121

Operation Graph
The MAXTAV Operation graph is shown in Figure C.65.
Figure C.65 MAXTAV Operation Graph
C-122 72A-1585 Rev. C 8/02

ProTesT User Guide
NOTEBK - User Instructions and Test Notes - All ProTesTPLANS

Description
The NOTEBK macro opens the Test Plan Notebook to the page for the
present test macro. The Notebook provides a two column notepad for
Originator test instructions and User comments. Use the Tab key to move
from one column to the other. The Originator side is password protected,
while the user side is not.
Operation
The Notebook is free format, with standard Windows text editing
controls, such as:
Home Moves the cursor to the start of a line.
End Moves the cursor to the end of a line.
Ctrl+Right Arrow Moves the cursor one word to the right
Ctrl+Left Arrow Moves the cursor one word to the left.
Ins key Toggles between Insert mode and Typeover mode
(Insert is the default).
Any ASCII character can be entered. The number of lines per page is
limited to 512.
Use
NOTEBK enters or obtains instructions on changing test setup at different
points in the Test Plan. It can also be used to record visual inspection
notes and a checklist or questionnaire for the User to fill out.
Notes
• Use NOTEBK to pause an Autorun sequence of macro execution;
e.g., the Notebook may give instructions on changes to be made
in the test setup before proceeding.
• From any NOTEBK it is possible to access all pages in the Test
Plan Notebook. There is one page for each macro, and a first page
for the Test Plan. Use the spinner arrows or the pull-down list to
turn to view other pages in the Notebook. Changing the
Notebook view does not change the macro selection.
72A-1585 Rev. C 8/02 C-123

NOTEBK - User Instructions and Test Notes - All ProTesTPLANS
Instructions and Test Notes

Use Notebook to document relay identification and settings, and to
provide online instructions for manual calibration and inspection.
Page one of the six pages of calibration instructions for the NOTEBK Test
Tab screen is shown in Figure C.66.
Figure C.66 NOTEBK Test Tab Screen
C-124 72A-1585 Rev. C 8/02

ProTesT User Guide
PHROTI - Phase Rotate, Current - I ProTesTPLAN

Description
The phase of one or more AC currents is rotated from an offset value until
the relay operates, or until a limit phase is reached (recorded as No Op,
for No Operation).
Operation
The phase of all Action sources is ramped at the specified rate. Mark AC
source phases ACTION, or A–120 or A+120 for phase offset, and enter
Use
Test Tab
On the PHROTI Test Tab screen (Figure C.67 on page C-127):
3. Mark source phases ACTION, or A–120 or A+120, etc. and enter
5. Enter the jumper connections in the Jumpers field.PL
72A-1585 Rev. C 8/02 C-125


The PHROTI Test Tab Results fields are explained
in Table C.72.
Table C.72 PHROTI Test Tab Results Fields
Field Explanation
Expected Angle Expected operate value, in degrees.

+ Deg /– Deg Plus/minus tolerance in Degrees, used for
Error Error in Degrees.
C-126 72A-1585 Rev. C 8/02

ProTesT User Guide
The PHROTI Test Tab screen is shown in Figure C.67.
Figure C.67 PHROTI Test Tab Screen
Action Tab
The PHROTI Action Tab Conditions fields are explained in Table C.73.
Table C.73 PHROTI Action Tab Conditions Fields
Field Explanation
Offset Phase Initial phase for all Action sources.

+/– Delta Phase Increment of phase change, in degrees.
Delta Time How long to hold each phase step, to determine
rate of phase rotation. Measured in cycles.
Phase Limit Phase at which the ramp stops if the relay does
not operate.
72A-1585 Rev. C 8/02 C-127

The PHROTI Action Tab screen is shown in Figure C.68.
Figure C.68 PHROTI Action Tab Screen
Sense The PHROTI Sense fields are explained in Table C.74.
Table C.74 PHROTI Sense Fields
Field Explanation

Master Instrument.
values.
the phase is recorded. If the relay does not operate, a No Op is recorded.
C-128 72A-1585 Rev. C 8/02

ProTesT User Guide
Operation Graph
The PHROTI Operation graph is shown in Figure C.69.
Figure C.69 PHROTI Operation Graph
72A-1585 Rev. C 8/02 C-129

PHROTV - Phase Rotate, Voltage - V ProTesTPLAN

Description
The phase of one or more voltages is rotated from an offset value until the
relay operates, or until a limit phase is reached (recorded as No Op, for
No Operation).
Operation
The phase of all Action sources is ramped at the specified rate. Mark
voltage phases ACTION, or A–120 or A+120 for phase offset, and enter
Use
Test Tab
On the PHROTV Test Tab screen (Figure C.70 on page C-132):
C-130 72A-1585 Rev. C 8/02

ProTesT User Guide

The PHROTV Test Tab Results fields are explained
in Table C.75.
Table C.75 PHROTV Test Tab Results Fields
Field Explanation
Expected Angle Expected operate value, in degrees.

+ Deg/– Deg Plus/minus tolerance in Degrees, used for
Error Error in Degrees.
72A-1585 Rev. C 8/02 C-131

The PHROTV Test Tab screen is shown in Figure C.70.
Figure C.70 PHROTV Test Tab Screen
Action Tab
PHROTV Action Tab Conditions fields are explained in Table C.76.
Table C.76 PHROTV Action Tab Conditions Fields
Field Explanation
Offset Phase Initial phase for all Action sources.

+/– Delta Phase Increment of phase change, in degrees.
Delta Time How long to hold each phase step to determine
rate of phase rotation. Measured in cycles.
Phase Limit Phase at which the ramp stops if the relay does
not operate.
C-132 72A-1585 Rev. C 8/02

ProTesT User Guide
The PHROTV Action Tab screen is shown in Figure C.71.
Figure C.71 PHROTV Action Tab Screen
Sense The PHROTV Sense fields are explained in Table C.77.
Table C.77 PHROTV Sense Fields
Field Explanation

Master Instrument.
values.
the phase is recorded. If the relay does not operate, a No Op is recorded.
72A-1585 Rev. C 8/02 C-133

Operation Graph
The PHROTV Operation graph is shown in Figure C.72.
Figure C.72 PHROTV Operation Graph
C-134 72A-1585 Rev. C 8/02

ProTesT User Guide
PHSFTI - PHASE SHIFT, CURRENT - I ProTesTPLAN

Description
One or more test currents are set to initial values, and a phase step
change is applied. The expected value is Op or No Op and the result is
either Pass or Fail.
Operation
PHSFTI does an A to B phase step change. Phase offset between current
sources can be maintained for a phase shift.
Use
This macro tests directional and power swing relays.
Test Tab
On the PHSFTI Test Tab screen (Figure C.73 on page C-136):
The PHSFTI Test Tab Results fields are explained in
Table C.78 on page C-136.
72A-1585 Rev. C 8/02 C-135


Table C.78 PHSFTI Test Tab Results Fields
Field Explanation
Result Pass/Fail.
The PHSFTI Test Tab screen is shown in Figure C.73.
Figure C.73 PHSFTI Test Tab Screen
C-136 72A-1585 Rev. C 8/02

ProTesT User Guide
Action Tab
The PHSFTI Action Tab Conditions fields are explained in Table C.79.
Table C.79 PHSFTI Action Tab Conditions Fields
Field Explanation
Offset Phase The initial phase for all Action sources, typically
the normal balanced values.
Test Phase The test phase to apply.
Max On Time How long to maintain the test phase. Be sure it is
long enough for the relay to sense and respond.
The PHSFTI Action Tab screen is shown in Figure C.74.
Figure C.74 PHSFTI Action Tab Screen
72A-1585 Rev. C 8/02 C-137

Sense The PHSFTI Sense fields are explained in Table C.80.
Table C.80 PHSFTI Sense Fields
Field Explanation

Master Instrument.
values.
The test stops as soon as the relay operates. The expected result is Op;
this can be changed to No Op.
Operation Graph
The PHSFTI Operation graph is shown in Figure C.75.
Figure C.75 PHSFTI Operation Graph
C-138 72A-1585 Rev. C 8/02

ProTesT User Guide
PHSFTV - Phase Shift, Voltage - V ProTesTPLAN

Description
One or more test voltages are set to initial values, and a phase step
change is applied. The expected value is Op or No Op and the result is
either Pass or Fail.
Operation
PHSFTV does an A to B phase step change. Phase offset between voltage
sources can be maintained for a phase shift.
Use
Test Tab
On the PHSFTV Test Tab screen (Figure C.76 on page C-140):
72A-1585 Rev. C 8/02 C-139


The PHSFTV Test Tab Results fields are explained
in Table C.81.
NOTE Expected and Actual entries are future enhancements.
Table C.81 PHSFTV Test Tab Results Fields
Field Explanation
Result Pass/Fail.
The PHSFTV Test Tab screen is shown in Figure C.76.
Figure C.76 PHSFTV Test Tab Screen
C-140 72A-1585 Rev. C 8/02

ProTesT User Guide
Action Tab
The PHSFTV Action Tab Conditions fields are explained in Table C.82.
Table C.82 PHSFTV Action Tab Conditions Fields
Offset Phase The initial phase for all Action sources, typically
the normal, balanced values.
Max On Time How long to maintain the test phase. Be sure it is
long enough for the relay to sense and respond.
The PHSFTV Action Tab screen is shown in Figure C.77.
Figure C.77 PHSFTV Action Tab Screen
72A-1585 Rev. C 8/02 C-141

Sense The PHSFTV Sense fields are explained in Table C.83.
Table C.83 PHSFTV Sense Fields
Field Explanation

Master Instrument.
values.
Phase action then begins. The test stops as soon as the relay operates.
The expected result is Op; this can be changed to No Op.
Operation Graph
The PHSFTV Operation graph is shown in Figure C.78.
Figure C.78 PHSFTV Operation Graph
C-142 72A-1585 Rev. C 8/02

ProTesT User Guide
PLOTII - I vs. I Differential Current Plot - I ProTesTPLAN

Description
A Preset current is connected to one winding of the relay and an Action
current is connected to another relay winding. The initial value of the
Action current is set to be in balance with the Preset, and a Binary Search
of current is done to find a pickup amplitude. The procedure is repeated
for up to 12 values of Preset current. A plot formula is selected according
to the type of relay being tested. Depending on the test connections, the
plot can display Action vs. Preset current, (Action – Preset) vs. Preset,
(Action + Preset) vs. Preset, or relay specific plots of multiples of tap or
slope. Two PLOTII macros can be used to plot the upper and lower
boundaries between operate and non-operate values of current.
Operation
The Test tab identifies one current as PRESET and one as ACTION.
Values of Preset current are entered on the Test tab. Use the Action tab to
define Action Conditions for the Binary Search. Action offset is given as a
% of Preset, so that each test begins with a different Action offset, one
that is balanced with the Preset current. (The Offset % can be greater or
smaller than 100%, or equal to 100%, depending on the tap
connections.) The Action Limit and sign of the delta current determine
whether the search goes up or down.
On the Test tab enter up to 12 Preset amplitudes. The PRESET current is
turned on with the ACTION, at values where the sources should be in
balance. If other sources are specified, such as voltages, they would also
be turned on, although additional sources are not normally required for
this test. When an Action point completes, both PRESET and ACTION
sources turn off. If a source error occurs, the test result is recorded as
SOURCE, and the test continues with the next point. Similarly, a
no-operate condition is recorded as No Op. (Source errors are ignored
during the search phase of Binary Search, but are detected during the
subsequent ramp.)
Use
This macro is used to test Slope of current differential relays.
72A-1585 Rev. C 8/02 C-143

Notes
• If tap values apply to the relay, enter the values on the Test screen
for Preset Tap and Action Tap; the default is 1.0. Tap value is used
only for plotting. Test quantities are specified and recorded as
current amplitude. The formula can be changed without
re-running the test.
Test Tab
On the PLOTII Test Tab Results screen (Figure C.79):
3. Enter the source current amplitude as PRESET and ACTION and enter
phase and frequency values.
The PLOTII Test Tab Results fields are explained in
Table C.84.
C-144 72A-1585 Rev. C 8/02

ProTesT User Guide
Table C.84 PLOTII Test Tab Results Fields
Field Explanation
Preset I Enter up to 12 values of Preset amplitude in the

table. These define the Preset current and the
Action offset that will be applied. Zero values
are not run.
Expected I Enter up to 12 values to define the expected
pickup current, in amps.
+ %/– % Enter +% and –% tolerances to determine
pass/fail.
Actual The recorded amplitude is displayed in this
column, in Amps.
Error Test point error.
Result Pass/Fail result based on current and not
formula.
The PLOTII Test Tab screen is shown in Figure C.79.
Figure C.79 PLOTII Test Tab Screen
72A-1585 Rev. C 8/02 C-145

Action Tab
The PLOTII Action Tab Conditions fields are explained in Table C.85.
Table C.85 PLOTII Action Tab Conditions Fields
Field Explanation
Action Offset Offset as a percent of Preset for balanced initial

condition; value may be greater or less than
100%. Action Tap/Preset Tap * 1000.
Offset Duration How long to apply the offset, in cycles.
Action Limit Limit current in amps for test; maximum of
Offset and Limit determines source range.
Note: Action Offset changes for each test point
as a function of Preset.
Pulse Duration Maximum length of each binary search test
pulse; pulse terminates as soon as sense is
detected.
Wait How long to wait between search pulses; wait is
at offset current.
Delta Current Step size of final ramp, after search converges.
Use minus sign for downward ramp.
Delta Time How long each linear ramp step is held, looking
for pickup. Set Delta Time to 0 for a pulsed
ramp, with return to offset; pulse duration and
wait time are the same as for the search.
Reset Time Time to wait between test values, with ACTION
and PRESET currents off.
C-146 72A-1585 Rev. C 8/02

ProTesT User Guide
The PLOTII Action Tab screen is shown in Figure C.80.
Figure C.80 PLOTII Action Tab Screen
Sense The PLOTII Sense fields are explained in Table C.86.
Table C.86 PLOTII Sense Fields
Field Explanation

Master Instrument.
Formula Select Click this button to display the Formula pop-up

window. Select a formula and click Apply. Enter
Preset Tap and Action Tap values.
values.
After a number of search pulses a linear or pulsed ramp begins. Each test
point stops when the ramp detects relay operation, normally after three
or four steps. If the relay does not operate after the first two search pulses,
or after 15 ramp steps, a No Op is recorded.
72A-1585 Rev. C 8/02 C-147

Operation Graph
The PLOTII Operation graph is shown in Figure C.81.
Figure C.81 PLOTII Operation Graph
C-148 72A-1585 Rev. C 8/02

ProTesT User Guide
PLOTVV - V vs. V Differential Voltage Plot - V ProTesTPLAN

Description
A Preset voltage is set to a value, and an Action voltage is searched for a
pickup. The initial value of the Action Voltage is set to be in balance with
the Preset, and moves up or down with Binary Search to find a pickup
amplitude. The procedure is repeated for up to 12 values of Preset
voltage. A plot formula is selected according to the type of relay being
tested. Depending on the test connections, the plot can display Action vs.
Preset current, (Action – Preset) vs. Preset, (Action + Preset) vs. Preset, or
relay specific plots of multiples of tap or slope. Two PLOTVV macros can
be used to plot the upper and lower boundaries between operate (Op)
and non-operate (No Op) values of voltage.
Operation
The Test tab identifies one voltage as PRESET and one as ACTION.
Values of Preset voltage are entered on the Test tab. Use the Action tab to
define Action Conditions for the Binary Search. Action offset is given as a
% of Preset, so that each test begins with a different Action offset, one
that is balanced with the Preset voltage. (The Offset% can be greater or
smaller than 100%, depending on the tap connections.) The Action Limit
and sign of the delta voltage determine whether the search goes up or
down.
On the Test tab enter up to 12 Preset amplitudes. The PRESET voltage is
turned on with the ACTION, at values where the sources should be in
balance. If other sources are specified, such as currents, they would also
be turned on, although additional sources are not normally required for
this test. When an Action point completes, both PRESET and ACTION
sources turn off. If a source error occurs, the test result is recorded as
SOURCE, and the test continues with the next point. Similarly, a
no-operate condition is recorded as No Op. (Source errors are ignored
during the search phase of Binary Search, but are detected during the
subsequent ramp.)
Use
This macro tests the slope of voltage differential relays.
72A-1585 Rev. C 8/02 C-149

Notes
• If tap values apply to the relay, enter values on the Test screen for
Preset Tap and Action Tap; the default is 1.0. Tap value is used
only for plotting. Test quantities are specified and recorded as
current amplitude. The formula can be changed without running
the test.
Test Tab
On the PLOTVV Test Tab screen (Figure C.82):
frequency values.
The PLOTVV Test Tab Results fields are explained
in Table C.87.
C-150 72A-1585 Rev. C 8/02

ProTesT User Guide
Table C.87 PLOTVV Test Tab Results Fields
Field Explanation
Preset V Enter up to 12 values of Preset amplitude in the

table. These define the Preset voltage and the
Action offset that will be applied. Zero values
are not run.
Expected V Enter up to 12 values to define the expected
pickup voltage, in volts.
+ %/– % Enter + % and – % tolerances to determine
Pass/Fail.
Actual The recorded amplitude is displayed in this
column, in volts.
Error Test point error.
Result Pass/Fail result based on current and not
formula.
The PLOTVV Test Tab screen is shown in Figure C.82.
Figure C.82 PLOTVV Test Tab Screen
72A-1585 Rev. C 8/02 C-151

Action Tab
The PLOTVV Action Tab Conditions fields are explained in Table C.88.
Table C.88 PLOTVV Action Tab Conditions Fields
Field Explanation
Action Offset Offset voltage as percent of Preset for balanced

initial condition; value may be greater or less
than 100%
Offset Duration How long to apply the offset, in cycles.
Action Limit Limit voltage in voltage for test; maximum of
Offset and Limit determines source range.
Note: Offset changes for each test point, as a
function of Preset.
Pulse Duration Maximum length of each binary search test
pulse, pulse terminates as soon as sense is
detected.
Wait How long to wait between search pulses, wait is
at offset current.
Delta Voltage Step size of final ramp, after search converges.
Delta Time How long each linear ramp step is held, looking
for pickup. Set Delta Time to 0 for a pulsed
ramp, with return to offset; pulse duration and
wait time are the same as for the search.
Reset Time Time to wait between test values, with ACTION
and PRESET currents off.
C-152 72A-1585 Rev. C 8/02

ProTesT User Guide
The PLOTVV Action Tab screen is shown in Figure C.83.
Figure C.83 PLOTVV Action Tab Screen
Sense The PLOTVV Sense fields are explained in Table C.89.
Table C.89 PLOTVV Sense Fields
Field Explanation

Master Instrument.
Formula Select Click this button to display the Formula pop-up

window. Select a formula and click Apply. Enter
Preset Tap and Action Tap values.
values.
After a number of search pulses a linear or pulsed ramp begins. Each test
point stops when the ramp detects relay operation, normally after three
or four steps. If the relay does not operate after the first two search pulses,
or after 15 ramp steps, a No Op is recorded.
72A-1585 Rev. C 8/02 C-153

Operation Graph
The PLOTVV Operation graph is shown in Figure C.84.
Figure C.84 PLOTVV Operation Graph
C-154 72A-1585 Rev. C 8/02

ProTesT User Guide
POWER - Battery Simulator Power - All ProTesTPLANS

Description
Supply non-stop DC power to the relay being tested, using the F225x and
F6000 family internal battery simulator or external F2410 slave Battery
Simulator. The selected DC voltage remains applied during all macros
used in the Test Plan.
Operation
The battery simulator is turned on by selecting a non-zero amplitude and
running the Power macro. The battery simulator remains on until the
Power macro is run again with a zero amplitude on the Test Plan.
Test Tab
On the POWER Test Tab screen (Figure C.85 on page C-156):
1. Enter a BT non-zero amplitude and run the macro to turn on DC
power.
Enter a zero amplitude and run the macro to turn the BT source off.
The POWER Test Tab Results fields are explained in Table C.90.
Table C.90 POWER Test Tab Results Fields
Field Explanation
Source Name of the source is always BT. Results do not

apply to POWER.
Amplitude Select DC voltage from a pull-down list that
appears when the Ampl field is selected. A value
of 0 will turn off the BT source.
On/Off Specify the state of the DC power supply, either
on or off.
72A-1585 Rev. C 8/02 C-155

POWER - Battery Simulator Power - All ProTesTPLANS
The POWER Test Tab screen is shown in Figure C.85.
Figure C.85 POWER Test Tab Screen
values.
C-156 72A-1585 Rev. C 8/02

ProTesT User Guide
PRAMPI - Pulsed Linear Ramp, Current - I ProTesTPLAN

Description
One or more current sources are ramped, simultaneously, returning to an
offset amplitude between pulses. If the limit amplitude is reached with no
relay operation, it is recorded as No Op, for No Operation.
For example, use this macro to test reach at a specific angle for a distance
relay – hence the Reach Pulse Ramp Curve, RCHPRI macro name. Pulsed
ramp reduces heat load on the relay. RCHPRI and PRAMPI are identical.
If you have both Z and I ProtestPLANS, use the name you prefer.
Operation
One or more current sources are ramped, simultaneously, in a series of
pulses using the same Action conditions. One or more voltage presets
can be applied. Sources can have different phase angles, representing
phase offset. Sources can be at different harmonics; e.g. one current can
be at 60 Hz (or 50 Hz), and another at 120 Hz (or 100 Hz), to test
harmonic restraint on a differential relay.
Use
Use Pulsed Ramp instead of Linear Ramp to minimize heat load on relay,
or when the relay requires return to offset between test values.
Notes
• Most relays that can be tested with RCHPRI or PRAMPI can be
72A-1585 Rev. C 8/02 C-157

Test Tab
On the PRAMPI Test Tab screen (Figure C.86):
frequency values.
The PRAMPI Test Tab Results fields are explained
in Table C.91.
Table C.91 PRAMPI Test Tab Results Fields
Field Explanation

% Error Error.
C-158 72A-1585 Rev. C 8/02

ProTesT User Guide
The PRAMPI Test Tab screen is shown in Figure C.86.
Figure C.86 PRAMPI Test Tab Screen
Action Tab
The PRAMPI Action Tab Conditions fields are explained in Table C.92.
Table C.92 PRAMPI Action Tab Conditions Fields
Field Explanation

Offset Duration How long to maintain the offset. For no offset,
enter 0 amps and 0 cycles.
Initial Current Starting value for the pulsed ramp.
Pulse Duration How long each pulse is held waiting for a sense.
Wait How long to wait at offset between pulses.
Delta Current Step size of pulsed ramp. Use a minus sign for a
downward ramp.
relay does not operate. The maximum of the
source limit determines the source range.
72A-1585 Rev. C 8/02 C-159

The PRAMPI Action Tab screen is shown in Figure C.87.
Figure C.87 PRAMPI Action Tab Screen
Sense The PRAMPI Sense fields are explained in Table C.93.
Table C.93 PRAMPI Sense Fields
Field Explanation

Master Instrument.
The test stops as soon as the ramp operates and the amplitude is
recorded. If the relay does not operate, a No Op is recorded. No Op may
be desired, if the relay is not supposed to operate.
C-160 72A-1585 Rev. C 8/02

ProTesT User Guide
Hints • Use Offset Current = 0, and non-zero Offset Duration Action

Delay if polarizing voltage must be applied before the Action.
• The Wait time should be long enough to allow the relay to reset
or recover from the previous pulse. Make Wait as short as
possible to make the test run faster.
• Highest VA output is obtained when a source is used in the high
end of its range. Do not select a Current Limit too far beyond
expected relay action.
Operation Graph
The PRAMPI Operation graph is shown in Figure C.88.
Figure C.88 PRAMPI Operation Graph
72A-1585 Rev. C 8/02 C-161

Prefault Tab
voltage and increasing current. The PRAMPI Prefault Tab fields are
Table C.94 PRAMPI Prefault Tab Fields
Field Explanation
be modified.
C-162 72A-1585 Rev. C 8/02

ProTesT User Guide
PRAMPV - Pulsed Linear Ramp, Voltage - V ProTesTPLAN

Description
One or more voltage sources are ramped, simultaneously, in a series of
pulses, returning to an offset amplitude between pulses. If the limit
amplitude is reached with no relay operation, it is recorded as No Op, for
No Operation.
hence the Reach Pulse Ramp Voltage, RCHPRV macro name. Pulsed
ramp minimizes voltage load on a relay. RCHPRV and PRAMPV are
identical. If you have both Z and V ProTesTPLANS, use the name you
prefer.
Operation
One or more voltage sources are ramped, simultaneously, in a series of
pulses using the same Action conditions. One or more voltage presets
can be applied. Sources can have different phase angles, representing
phase offset. Sources can be at different harmonics; e.g. one voltage can
be at 60 Hz (or 50 Hz), and another at 120 Hz (or 100 Hz).
Use
Use when relay requires a return to offset between test values.
Notes
• Most relays that can be tested with RCHPRV or LRAMPV can be
macro.
72A-1585 Rev. C 8/02 C-163

Test Tab
On the PRAMPV Test Tab Results screen (Figure C.89):
frequency values.
The PRAMPV Test Tab Results fields are explained
in Table C.95.
Table C.95 PRAMPV Test Tab Results Fields
Field Explanation

% Error Error.
Result Pass/Fail indication
C-164 72A-1585 Rev. C 8/02

ProTesT User Guide
The PRAMPV Test Tab screen is shown in Figure C.89.
Figure C.89 PRAMPV Test Tab Screen
Action Tab
The PRAMPV Action Tab Conditions fields are explained in Table C.96.
Table C.96 PRAMPV Action Tab Conditions Fields
Field Explanation

wanted, enter 0 volts and 0 cycles.
Initial Voltage Starting value for the pulsed ramp.
Delta Voltage Step size of pulsed ramp. Use a minus sign for a
downward ramp.
relay does not operate. The maximum of Offset
and limit determines the source range.
72A-1585 Rev. C 8/02 C-165

The PRAMPV Action Tab screen is shown in Figure C.90.
Figure C.90 PRAMPV Action Tab Screen
Sense The PRAMPV Sense fields are explained in Table C.97.
Table C.97 PRAMPV Sense Fields
Field Explanation

Master Instrument.
recorded. If the relay does not operate a No Op is recorded. No Op may
C-166 72A-1585 Rev. C 8/02

ProTesT User Guide
Hints • Use Offset Voltage, and non-zero Offset Duration Action Delay if
polarizing voltage must be applied before the Action.
Operation Graph
The PRAMPV Operation graph is shown in Figure C.91.
Figure C.91 PRAMPV Operation Graph
Prefault Tab
72A-1585 Rev. C 8/02 C-167

The PRAMPV Prefault Tab fields are explained in Table C.98.
Table C.98 PRAMPV Prefault Tab Fields
Field Explanation
be modified.
C-168 72A-1585 Rev. C 8/02

ProTesT User Guide
RCHBOI - Reach Binary Search, Current - Z ProTesTPLAN

Description
A fast, high-low pulsed search to bracket relay operate point, followed by
either a linear ramp or pulsed ramp for high resolution result. RCHBOI
and BSRHOI are identical. If you have both Z and I ProTesTPLANS, use
Limit Current. If the relay does not operate, limit current is applied. If the
amplitudes is less than three times the ramp delta current, the search
The ramp backs off twice the delta current, then ramps for a maximum of
sufficient.
Operation
One or more current sources can be ramped simultaneously, using the
same Action conditions. One or more voltage presets can be applied.
Use
Use RCHBOI wherever Linear Ramp or Pulsed Ramp can be used;
however, there are cases where it cannot be used successfully such as
long reset times in induction disk relays. When properly used, binary
search is faster for determining Ohmic reach of current-operated distance
relays or measuring pickup/dropout of overcurrent relays.
72A-1585 Rev. C 8/02 C-169

Notes
linear ramp steps. You may hear sensing during the search, but
the ramp concludes with No Op, relay operation not detected.
that search converges to the correct value.
the Pulsed Ramp option by setting ramp Delta Time = 0.
offset to low limit. When searching from a high offset, Ramp
• Use Offset Current = 0, and non-zero Offset Duration Action
Delay if polarizing voltage must be applied before the Action.
required; e.g., 25 to 50% of the pulse duration. This filters
instability is also present, use sense delay as well.
Test Tab
On the RCHBOI Test Tab screen (Figure C.92 on page C-172):
frequency values.
C-170 72A-1585 Rev. C 8/02

ProTesT User Guide
Results
The macro initially displays the results for the Cur-
rent Test conditions. To display prior results, click
the pull-down arrow and select a prior test. The
RCHBOI Test Tab Results fields are explained in
Table C.99.
Save Results
Click Save Results after running a test and select
Delete Results
Click Delete Results to display a window contain-
ing saved test results. Select one or more test results
using the mouse. Ctrl+click works as a toggle
action to select or unselect items. Click OK to com-
plete deletion.
Table C.99 RCHBOI Test Tab Results Fields
Field Explanation

% Error Error.
72A-1585 Rev. C 8/02 C-171

The RCHBOI Test Tab screen is shown in Figure C.92.
Figure C.92 RCHBOI Test Tab Screen
Action Tab
The RCHBOI Action Tab Conditions fields are explained in Table C.100.
Table C.100 RCHBOI Action Tab Conditions Fields
Field Explanation

Current Limit The amplitude that stops the search, if the relay
does not operate. The maximum of Offset
Current and limit determines the source range.
Pulse Duration Maximum length of each search pulse; pulse
offset current.
downward ramp.
Delta Time Duration of each ramp step. A non-zero value
selects a linear ramp; setting Delta Time = 0
selects a pulsed ramp, using the same pulse
duration and wait as the search.
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ProTesT User Guide
The RCHBOI Action Tab screen is shown in Figure C.93.
Figure C.93 RCHBOI Action Tab Screen
Operation Graph
The RCHBOI Operation graph is shown in Figure C.94.
Figure C.94 RCHBOI Operation Graph
Sense The RCHBOI Sense fields are explained in Table C.101.
Table C.101 RCHBOI Sense Fields
Field Explanation

Master Instrument.
72A-1585 Rev. C 8/02 C-173

Prefault Tab
The RCHBOI Prefault Tab fields are explained in Table C.102.
Table C.102 RCHBOI Prefault Tab Fields
Field Explanation
be modified.
C-174 72A-1585 Rev. C 8/02

ProTesT User Guide
RCHBOV - Reach Binary Search, Voltage - Z ProTesTPLAN

Description
A fast, high-low pulsed search to bracket relay operate point, followed by
linear ramp or pulsed ramp for high resolution result. RCHBOV and
BSRHOV are identical. If you have both the V and Z ProTesTPLANS, use
Limit Voltage. If the relay does not operate, limit voltage is applied. If the
amplitudes is less than three times the ramp delta voltage, the search
The ramp backs off twice the delta voltage, then ramps for a maximum of
sufficient.
Operation
This macro is used to ramp one or more current sources simultaneously,
using the same Action conditions. One or more voltage presets can be
applied.
Use
RCHBOV can be used wherever Linear Ramp or Pulsed Ramp would be
used; however, there are cases where it cannot be used successfully.
When used properly, Binary Search has faster performance for
determining Ohmic reach of voltage-operated distance relays or
pickup/dropout of overvoltage or undervoltage relays.
72A-1585 Rev. C 8/02 C-175

Notes
linear ramp steps. You may hear sensing during the search, but
the ramp concludes with No Op, relay operation not detected.
that search converges to the correct value.
the Pulsed Ramp option by setting ramp Delta Time = 0.
offset to low limit. When searching from a high offset, Ramp
Test Tab
On the RCHBOV Test Tab screen (Figure C.95 on page C-178):
frequency values.
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The RCHBOV Test Tab Results fields are explained
in Table C.103.
Table C.103 RCHBOV Test Tab Results Fields
Field Explanation

% Error Error.
72A-1585 Rev. C 8/02 C-177

The RCHBOV Test Tab screen is shown in Figure C.95.
Figure C.95 RCHBOV Test Tab Screen
Action Tab
The RCHBOV Action Tab Conditions fields are explained in
Table C.104.
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Table C.104 RCHBOV Action Tab Conditions Fields
Field Explanation

Action offset turns on at the same time as the
Preset sources.
offset voltage.
downward ramp.
Delta Time How long each Linear Ramp step is held; set
Delta Time = 0 for Pulsed Ramp, using the same
pulse duration and wait as the search.
The RCHBOV Action Tab screen is shown in Figure C.96.
Figure C.96 RCHBOV Action Tab Screen
72A-1585 Rev. C 8/02 C-179

Sense The RCHBOV Sense fields are explained in Table C.105.
Table C.105 RCHBOV Sense Fields
Field Explanation

Master Instrument.
Hints • Use Offset Voltage = 0, and non-zero Offset Duration Action
Delay if polarizing current must be applied before the Action.
required; e.g., 25 to 50% of the pulse duration. This filters
instability is also present, use sense duration as well.
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Operation Graph
The RCHBOV Operation graph is shown in Figure C.97.
Figure C.97 RCHBOV Operation Graph
72A-1585 Rev. C 8/02 C-181

Prefault Tab
voltage and increasing current. The RCHBOV Prefault Tab fields are
Table C.106 RCHBOV Prefault Tab Fields
Field Explanation
be modified.
C-182 72A-1585 Rev. C 8/02

ProTesT User Guide
RCHLRI - Reach Linear Ramp, Current - Z ProTesTPLAN

Description
the relay operates, or until a limit amplitude is reached (recorded as No
Op, for No Operation).
Use this Macro to test reach at a specific angle for a distance relay –
hence the Macro name RCHLRI. RCHLRI and LRAMPI are identical. If
you have both V and Z ProTesTPLANS, use the name you prefer.
Operation
differential relay.
Use
Notes
• Most relays that can be tested with RCHLRI or LRAMPI can be
tested faster using RCHBOI or BSRHOI, binary search macros.
72A-1585 Rev. C 8/02 C-183

Test Tab
On the RCHLRI Test Tab screen (Figure C.98):
frequency values.
The RCHLRI Test Tab Results fields are explained
in Table C.107.
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Table C.107 RCHLRI Test Tab Results Fields
Field Explanation

% Error Error.
The RCHLRI Test Tab screen is shown in Figure C.98.
Figure C.98 RCHLRI Test Tab Screen
72A-1585 Rev. C 8/02 C-185

Action Tab
The RCHLRI Action Tab Conditions fields are explained in Table C.108.
Table C.108 RCHLRI Action Tab Conditions Fields
Field Explanation

downward ramp.
sense.
The RCHLRI Action Tab screen is shown in Figure C.99.
Figure C.99 RCHLRI Action Tab Screen
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Sense The RCHLRI Sense fields are explained in Table C.109.
Table C.109 RCHLRI Sense Fields
Field Explanation

Master Instrument.
soon as the relay operates and the amplitude is recorded. If the relay does
not operate a No Op is recorded. No Op may be desired, if the relay is
not supposed to operate.
72A-1585 Rev. C 8/02 C-187


• For example, set Delta Current equal to 10 to 20 percent of the
tolerance amplitude. If the Expected Value is 1 amp with
tolerance of +10%, the tolerance amplitude equals 1.0 X 10%, or
0.1; 10% to 20% of that sets delta amplitude equal to .01 to 0.02
Amp.
shortest test time.
Operation Graph
The RCHLRI Operation graph is shown in Figure C.100.
Figure C.100 RCHLRI Operation Graph
C-188 72A-1585 Rev. C 8/02

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Prefault Tab
voltage and increasing current. The RCHLRI Prefault Tab fields are
Table C.110 RCHLRI Prefault Tab Fields
Field Explanation
be modified.
72A-1585 Rev. C 8/02 C-189

RCHLRV - Reach Linear Ramp, Voltage - Z ProTesTPLAN

Description
hence the Macro name RCHLRV. RCHLRV and LRAMPV are identical. If
you have both I and Z ProTesTPLANS use the name you prefer.
Operation
Action conditions. One or more current presets can be applied. Sources
Use
Notes
macro.
voltage range.
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Test Tab
On the RCHLRV Test Tab screen (Figure C.101 on page C-192):
frequency values.
The RCHLRV Test Tab Results fields are explained
72A-1585 Rev. C 8/02 C-191

Table C.111 RCHLRV Test Tab Results Fields
Field Explanation

% Error Error.
The RCHLRV Test Tab screen is shown in Figure C.101.
Figure C.101 RCHLRV Test Tab Screen
C-192 72A-1585 Rev. C 8/02

ProTesT User Guide
Action Tab
The RCHLRV Action Tab Conditions fields are explained in Table C.112.
Table C.112 RCHLRV Action Tab Conditions Fields
Field Explanation

wanted, enter 0 volts and 0 cycles.
downward ramp.
sense.
Note: Best accuracy is obtained if you use a
source in the high end of its range.
The RCHLRV Action Tab screen is shown in Figure C.102.
Figure C.102 RCHLRV Action Tab Screen
72A-1585 Rev. C 8/02 C-193

Sense The RCHLRV Sense fields are explained in Table C.113.
Table C.113 RCHLRV Sense Fields
Field Explanation

Master Instrument.
Hints • Use Offset Voltage, and non-zero Offset Duration, if polarizing
For example, set Delta Voltage to from 10 to 20 percent of the
tolerance amplitude.
shortest test time.
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Operation Graph
The RCHLRV Operation graph is shown in Figure C.103.
Figure C.103 RCHLRV Operation Graph
Prefault Tab
voltage and increasing current. The RCHLRV Prefault Tab fields are
Table C.114 RCHLRV Prefault Tab Fields
Field Explanation
be modified.
72A-1585 Rev. C 8/02 C-195

RCHPRI - Reach Pulsed Linear Ramp, Current - Z ProTesTPLAN

Description
One or more current sources are ramped in a series of pulses, returning
to an offset amplitude between pulses. If the limit amplitude is reached
with no relay operation, it is recorded as No Op, for No Operation.
hence the RCHPRI Macro name. Pulsed ramp reduces heat load on an
overcurrent relay. RCHPRI and PRAMPI are identical. If you have both Z
and I ProtestPLANS, use the name you prefer.
Operation
differential relay.
Use
Use Pulsed Ramp instead of Linear Ramp to minimize heat load on relay,
or when the relay requires return to offset between test values.
Notes
• Most relays that can be tested with RCHPRI or PRAMPI can be
C-196 72A-1585 Rev. C 8/02

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Test Tab
On the RCHPRI Test Tab screen (Figure C.104 on page C-198):
frequency values.
The RCHPRI Test Tab Results fields are explained
in Table C.115.
Table C.115 RCHPRI Test Tab Results Fields
Field Explanation

% Error Error.
72A-1585 Rev. C 8/02 C-197

The RCHPRI Test Tab screen is shown in Figure C.104.
Figure C.104 RCHPRI Test Tab Screen
Action Tab
The RCHPRI Action Tab Conditions fields are explained in Table C.116.
Table C.116 RCHPRI Action Tab Conditions Fields
Field Explanation

Initial Current Starting value for the pulsed ramp.
Delta Current Step size of pulsed ramp. Use a minus sign for a
downward ramp.
relay does not operate. The maximum Offset and
C-198 72A-1585 Rev. C 8/02

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The RCHPRI Action Tab screen is shown in Figure C.105.
Figure C.105 RCHPRI Action Tab Screen
Sense The RCHPRI Sense fields are explained in Table C.117.
Table C.117 RCHPRI Sense Fields
Field Explanation

Master Instrument.
72A-1585 Rev. C 8/02 C-199


• Highest VA output is obtained when a source is used in the high
end of its range. Do not select a Current Limit too far beyond
expected relay action.
Operation Graph
The RCHPRI Operation graph is shown in Figure C.106.
Figure C.106 RCHPRI Operation Graph
C-200 72A-1585 Rev. C 8/02

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Prefault Tab
voltage and increasing current. The RCHPRI Prefault Tab fields are
Table C.118 RCHPRI Prefault Tab Fields
Field Explanation
be modified.
Frequency Frequency cannot be entered when using the
F2000 family of instruments. Frequency is set at
the Test tab.
72A-1585 Rev. C 8/02 C-201

RCHPRV - Reach Linear Ramp, Voltage - Z ProTesTPLAN

Description
hence the macro name RCHLRV. RCHLRV and LRAMPV are identical. If
you have both I and Z ProTesTPLANS use the name you prefer.
Operation
Action conditions. One or more current presets can be applied. Sources
Use
Notes
tested faster using RCHBOV or BSRHOV, binary search macros.
voltage range.
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Test Tab
On the RCHPRV Test Tab screen (Figure C.107):
frequency values.
The RCHPRV Test Tab Results fields are explained
72A-1585 Rev. C 8/02 C-203

Table C.119 RCHPRV Test Tab Results Fields
Field Explanation

% Error Error.
The RCHPRV Test Tab screen is shown in Figure C.107.
Figure C.107 RCHPRV Test Tab Screen
C-204 72A-1585 Rev. C 8/02

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Action Tab
The RCHPRV Action Tab Conditions fields are explained in Table C.120.
Table C.120 RCHPRV Action Tab Conditions Fields
Field Explanation

wanted, enter 0 volts and cycles.
downward ramp.
relay does not operate. The Offset and limit
determines the source range.
The best accuracy is obtained if you use a source
in the high end of its range.
The RCHPRV Action Tab screen is shown in Figure C.108.
Figure C.108 RCHPRV Action Tab Screen
72A-1585 Rev. C 8/02 C-205

Sense The RCHPRV Sense fields are explained in Table C.121.
Table C.121 RCHPRV Sense Fields
Field Explanation

Master Instrument.
Hints • Use Offset Voltage, and non-zero Offset Duration, if polarizing
For example, set Delta Voltage to from 10 to 20 percent of the
tolerance amplitude.
shortest test time.
C-206 72A-1585 Rev. C 8/02

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Operation Graph
The RCHLRV Operation graph is shown in Figure C.109.
Figure C.109 RCHLRV Operation Graph
Prefault Tab
voltage and increasing current. The RCHPRV Prefault Tab fields are
Table C.122 RCHPRV Prefault Tab Fields
Field Explanation
be modified.
72A-1585 Rev. C 8/02 C-207

C-208 72A-1585 Rev. C 8/02

ProTesT User Guide
SSIMUL - Dynamic State Simulation - All ProTesTPLANS

Description
The SSIMUL macro uses stepped sine wave quantities to simulate an
evolving fault, represented by up to 25 states. Up to 12 sources can be
used, and independent timer sense events can be recorded, one per
F2000 instrument and one per source on the F6000.
Operation
Enter source names, connections, and frequency in the source table. In
each state define amplitude and phase for each source, and the state
duration in cycles. Synchronized amplitude and phase transitions occur
on each state change. The Test View screen shows three states for the
sources named in the Source table. Normally, three states represent
Prefault, Fault, and Post Fault conditions. As more states are added, the
view scrolls to the right, one state at a time. To add a state, add a name in
the state name row after the last state.
Use
This macro investigates suspected relay misoperations, or evaluates
protection schemes. Use F2250 and F6000 logic output to test reclosers
and breaker fail relays.
Notes
• If different frequencies are to be injected, use an alternate
frequency. Set the frequency of one source (which must be
Source 1 of the master F2000 or any source of the F6000) to a
base frequency different from the frequency reference for all other
sources. For example, setting the frequency of Source 1 to FX or
FL, and all the other sources to numerical values: 60.00, 60.00
120.00.... FX designates the crystal base frequency and FL
designates the line frequency. The frequency for any source must
be a harmonic of the base frequency. In this example, the base
frequency for Source 1 is FX or FL, and for all other sources it is
60Hz.
• The F6000 does not support FL.
• Use Satellite Synchronization for end-to-end fault simulation
testing. Select FS to indicate satellite frequency reference, and
click on Duration under the Source table. Select Go At or Preset
Until to set the start time when the test is run.
72A-1585 Rev. C 8/02 C-209

• Use the optional ProTesT Power System Model to calculate fault

quantities for different fault scenarios. The Power System Model
automatically creates Prefault, Fault, and Post Fault states in
SSIMUL for each fault calculation.
• It is possible to approximate point-on-wave inception of a fault.
Rather than setting Prefault source phases to 0°, –120°, and 120°,
offset all phases by an arbitrary amount; e.g., 90°, –30°, 210°. The
fault state occurs on a reference zero crossing, at which all
sources are offset by 90°. The fault, therefore, occurs at a different
point on the waveform.
• Use the Fault Rotate button on the SSIMUL tab to perform a fault
rotation.
• Click the Phasor Display checkbox to change the SSIMUL tab to a
phasor configuration tab. This tab allows you to visually configure
a phasor test.
• BT cannot be used as a source in the SSIMUL Source Table.
Test View
Sources The SSIMUL Test View screen is shown in Figure C.110.
Figure C.110 SSIMUL Test View Screen
C-210 72A-1585 Rev. C 8/02

ProTesT User Guide
Select Phasor Display check box to view the states defined. The SSIMUL
Phasor Test View display is shown in Figure C.111.
Figure C.111 SSIMUL Phasor Test View Display
States Displayed three at a time. If less than three are

defined, blank states are shown. As more states are
added, the State display scrolls horizontally. Use
the horizontal scroll bar to move back and forth.
To remove unwanted states, highlight the state
name and press the Delete key.
Enter the Maximum Duration for the state, in
cycles. Each state is applied for the number of
cycles entered, then all sources change amplitude
and phase synchronously to the next state’s values.
72A-1585 Rev. C 8/02 C-211

Satellite Synchronization
For end-to-end, satellite synchronized testing,
specify the frequency of all sources as FS or FS*2
(up to FS*20) for harmonics. The Max Duration
pull-down box contains options for the first state to
start a satellite synchronized test. Select Go At or
Preset Until instead of Duration for State 1. Define
Go At or Preset Until with a starting time that has
been agreed with the test crew at the other end of
the line. SSIMUL will display UTC satellite time on
the screen, and the time will be continually
updated. Satellite status is also displayed to show
how many satellites are detected. Satellite
synchronized operation requires the satellite
interface and a GPS receiver and antenna.
Max Duration Duration time setting for first state – the default is
Duration; i.e., fixed number of cycles before
stepping to second state. The pull-down box
contains options for satellite-synchronized
end-to-end tests Go At Time, and Preset Until.
Go At Time When test is run, a satellite time window appears
with a default Go At time, the UTC time at which
test will start. The sources turn on at 0 amplitude,
but source values for first state do not appear until
the Go At time.
Preset Until Run test to set up the Instrument, and sources turn
on right away at the values of the first state.
Transition to the next state does not occur until the
selected UTC time.
C-212 72A-1585 Rev. C 8/02

ProTesT User Guide
Logic Out
Click this tab and enter a source name to identify the F225x and F6000
logic output to be used. Source selection is only from sources in the
Source column above. Each state has separate columns for logic output 1
(L1) and logic output 2 (L2 - not valid for F6000). To set logic output,
click in the state column in the row for the logic source. Click once for
low (green led state), twice for high (red led state). Clicking a third time
changes to reset.
Result Tab
Click the Result tab to arm timers to start in a specified state and to stop
on a sense event.
Run The macro initially displays the results for the

The SSIMUL Results fields are explained in
Save Click Save after running a test and select the new
results to save. When exiting the macro, save any
macro changes and results if they have not already
been saved.
Delete Click Delete to display a window containing saved
test results. Select one or more test results using the
mouse. Ctrl+click works as a toggle action to select
or unselect items. Click OK to complete deletion.
The macro first displays Current Test conditions.
72A-1585 Rev. C 8/02 C-213

Table C.123 SSIMUL Result Fields
Field Explanation
Timer Name Click the pull-down list and select a source

name to identify a timer. The list shows only
those sources already defined for the macro.
Timer Start Select the timer start state. This must be done
first. The timer starts at the beginning of that
state. The pull-down list shows only those states
already defined for the macro. This field is used
to start timers for edge transitions (O-C-O,
On-Off-On) and to enable pulse modes (O-C-O,
C-O-C, Off-On-Off, On-Off-On).
Stop Events Select the stop event for the timer; e.g.,
ON Æ OFF for voltage, O Æ C for contacts. The
timer stops when the event occurs, which may
be several states later. If no event occurs before
the macro completes, no timer value is
displayed, and Result is No Op.
Units Select time units Msec, Sec, or Cycles.
Expected Enter the expected time result in the units
indicated.
Tolerance Units Select + or - tolerance units in Msec, %, or
Cycles.
+, – Enter +/– tolerance, in percent.
The SSIMUL Result Tab screen is shown in Figure C.112.
Figure C.112 SSIMUL Result Tab Screen
C-214 72A-1585 Rev. C 8/02

ProTesT User Guide
TFRPLT - Time vs. Frequency Shift Characteristic Plot -

F ProTesT-PLAN
Description
One or more test sources are set to initial values, and a frequency shift is
applied. Up to 12 different frequency shifts are tested and relay operate
time is measured. Expected time and +/– tolerances are optionally
specified to determine pass/fail for each test point. A characteristic plot
can be displayed and printed.
Operation
A series of frequency shift time tests is performed, stepping frequency
from an offset value to a test value, for up to 12 separate tests. All sources
turn off between tests, and Offset is applied at the start of each test. A
reset time is specified to allow relays with induction disks or other similar
devices to reset between tests. If expected operate times and tolerances
are entered, pass/fail results are automatically recorded. Select
Tools/Graph/Display Graph from the menu bar to display the time
characteristic. The plot form can be changed without rerunning the test.
Use
This macro tests frequency relays.
72A-1585 Rev. C 8/02 C-215

TFRPLT - Time vs. Frequency Shift Characteristic Plot - F ProTesT-PLAN
Notes
• Be sure to allow enough reset time to allow the relay to recover
fully between tests.
F2000 or Source 1 of the F6000. Any source on the F6000 can be
Action. Enter ACTION for one source frequency, and indicate the
frequency reference for the others: FX (crystal) or FL (line). When
the test is run, ProTesT will verify that the Action source is indeed
the correct source.
• The F6000 does not have FL or FE setting. Map this to the FX
setting.
• Source 1 of the Master F2000 or F6000 can, instead, be set to FX
base frequency, and all other sources can have ACTION
frequency. Any source on the F6000 can be FX.
Test Tab
On the TFRPLT Test Tab screen (Figure C.113 on page C-218):
3. Enter the source frequency amplitude ACTION and enter amplitude
and phase values.
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The TFRPLT Test Tab Results Fields are explained in
Table C.124.
Table C.124 TFRPLT Test Tab Results Fields
Field Explanation
Test F Specify test frequencies, up to 12 tests.

Expected Time Expected operate time for the relay for the given
frequency shift. Refer to the characteristic curves
published for the relay.
+ %/– % Percent tolerance which defines the range of
acceptable time results.
Actual Records the actual operate time, in the selected
units (mSec/Sec/Cycles).
% Error Percent error, absolute value.
Result Pass/Fail flag.
Time Units Select from pull-down list: mSec, Sec, or Cycles.
72A-1585 Rev. C 8/02 C-217

The TFRPLT Test Tab screen is shown in Figure C.113.
Figure C.113 TFRPLT Test Tab Screen
Action Tab
The TFRPLT Action Tab Conditions fields are explained in Table C.125.
Table C.125 TFRPLT Action Tab Conditions Fields
Field Explanation
Offset Frequency Normal frequency; i.e., 50 or 60 Hz.

Offset Time How long to maintain the offset, in cycles.
Maximum On Maximum number of seconds to sustain
Time frequency shift before recording No Op (no
operation).
Reset Time How long to wait for the relay to reset between
test points.
Time Dial Documentation use only, indicates time action
of relay.
Set Point Documentation use only, indicates frequency
trip point of relay.
C-218 72A-1585 Rev. C 8/02

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The TFRPLT Action Tab screen is shown in Figure C.114.
Figure C.114 TFRPLT Action Tab Screen
Sense The TFRPLT Sense fields are explained in Table C.126.
Table C.126 TFRPLT Sense Fields
Field Explanation

Master Instrument.
values.
the phase is recorded. Phase returns to offset, waits for the reset duration
before the next test point. If the relay does not operate, a No Op is
recorded.
72A-1585 Rev. C 8/02 C-219

Operation Graph
The TFRPLT Operation graph is shown in Figure C.115.
Frequency
C
(A) Offset
(B) Offset Duration
(C) Test Value
(D) Max On Time
Time
B Sense D
Figure C.115 TFRPLT Operation Graph
C-220 72A-1585 Rev. C 8/02

ProTesT User Guide
TIMEF - Operating Time, Frequency - F ProTesTPLAN

Description
One or more test sources are set to initial values, a frequency step change
is applied, and operate time is recorded. An expected operate time can
be entered, with +/– tolerances, to determine PASS/FAIL.
Operation
TIMEF does an A to B frequency step change, with timer stop mode
enabled.
Use
This macro performs setpoint testing of frequency and power swing
relays.
Notes
F2000 or Source 1 of the F6000. Any source on the F6000 can be
Action. Enter ACTION for one source frequency, and indicate the
frequency reference for the others: FX (crystal) or FL (line). When
the Test is run, ProTesT will verify that the Action source is indeed
Source 1 of the Master F2000 or F6000.
• The F6000 does not have FL or FE setting. Map this to the FX
setting.
• Source 1 of the Master F2000 or F6000 can, instead, be set to FX
base frequency, and all other sources can have ACTION
frequency. Any source on the F6000 can be FX.
72A-1585 Rev. C 8/02 C-221

Test Tab
On the TIMEF Test Tab screen (Figure C.116):
3. Enter the source frequency amplitude ACTION and enter amplitude
and phase.
The TIMEF Test Tab Results fields are explained in
Table C.127.
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Table C.127 TIMEF Test Tab Results Fields
Field Explanation
Expected Time Expected operate time, in the selected units

(mSec/Sec/Cycles)
% Error Error.
Time Units From the pull-down list, select mSec, Sec,
or Cycles.
The TIMEF Test Tab screen is shown in Figure C.116.
Figure C.116 TIMEF Test Tab Screen
72A-1585 Rev. C 8/02 C-223

Action Tab
The TIMEF Action Tab Conditions fields are explained in Table C.128.
Table C.128 TIMEF Action Tab Conditions Fields
Field Explanation
Offset Frequency The initial frequency for all Action sources; e.g.,
normal base frequency.
Test Frequency The test frequency to apply.
Max On Time How many seconds to maintain the test
frequency. Be sure it is long enough for the relay
to respond.
The TIMEF Action Tab screen is shown in Figure C.117.
Figure C.117 TIMEF Action Tab Screen
C-224 72A-1585 Rev. C 8/02

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Sense The TIMEF Sense fields are explained in Table C.129.
Table C.129 TIMEF Sense Fields
Field Explanation

Master Instrument.
values.
The frequency is stepped to the test value and the timer is started. The
test stops as soon as the relay operates and the time is recorded. If the
relay does not operate, a No Op is recorded.
Operation Graph
The TIMEF Operation graph is shown in Figure C.118.
Figure C.118 TIMEF Operation Graph
72A-1585 Rev. C 8/02 C-225

TIMEI - Operating Time, Current - I ProTesTPLAN - Z ProTesTPLAN

Description
One or more test sources are set to initial values, a current step change is
applied, and operate time is recorded. An expected operate time can be
entered, with +/– tolerances, to determine PASS/FAIL.
Operation
TIMEI does an A to B current step change, with timer stop mode enabled.
Use
This macro performs setpoint testing of overcurrent relays.
Notes
• Time test with DC Action current can only be done with F225x
and F6000 sources. F2410 slave DC source DI cannot do this.
• If using the slave F2410 DC source, and Source 1 of the Master
F2000 (top source) is ACTION, while Source 2 is set to DV or DI,
be sure to use Source zero crossing. This is true even if DV or DI
is not used. If System zero crossing is used, the Timer will not
start.
Test Tab
On the TIMEI Test Tab screen (Figure C.119 on page C-228):
frequency values.
C-226 72A-1585 Rev. C 8/02

ProTesT User Guide

The TIMEI Test Tab Results fields are explained in
Table C.130.
Table C.130 TIMEI Test Tab Results Fields
Field Explanation
Expected Time Expected operate time, in the units selected.

% Error Error.
Result Pass/Fail indication. Op or No Op is given if no
tolerances entered.
Time Units From the drop-down list, select mSec, Sec,
or Cycles.
72A-1585 Rev. C 8/02 C-227

The TIMEI Test Tab screen is shown in Figure C.119.
Figure C.119 TIMEI Test Tab Screen
Action Tab
The TIMEI Action Tab fields are explained in Table C.131.
Table C.131 TIMEI Action Tab Fields
Field Explanation
Offset Current The initial current for all Action sources; e.g.,
normal load current.
Test Current The test current to apply.
Max On Time How many seconds to maintain the test current.
Be sure it is long enough for the relay to
respond.
C-228 72A-1585 Rev. C 8/02

ProTesT User Guide
The TIMEI Action Tab screen is shown in Figure C.120.
Figure C.120 TIMEI Action Tab Screen
Sense The TIMEI Sense fields are explained in Table C.132.
Table C.132 TIMEI Sense Fields
Field Explanation

Master Instrument.
The current is stepped to the test value and the timer is started. The test
stops as soon as the relay operates and the time is recorded. If the relay
does not operate, a No Op is recorded.
72A-1585 Rev. C 8/02 C-229

Operation Graph
The TIMEI Operation graph is shown in Figure C.121.
Current
C
(A) Offset
(B) Offset Duration
(C) Test Value
Prefault
(D) Max On Time
Amplitude
A
Time
Prefault B Sense D
Duration
Figure C.121 TIMEI Operation Graph
Prefault Tab
voltage and increasing current. The TIMEI Prefault Tab fields are
Table C.133 TIMEI Prefault Tab Fields
Field Explanation
be modified.
C-230 72A-1585 Rev. C 8/02

ProTesT User Guide
TIMEPH - Operating Time, Phase - V ProTesTPLAN

Description
One or more sources, voltage or current, are set to initial values, and
have a phase shift applied. Relay operate time is recorded. An expected
operate time can be entered with +/– tolerances, to determine Pass/Fail.
Operation
TIMEPH does a step change in phase for sources with ACTION indicated
in the phase field. Both current and voltage phases can be changed
together. If the expression A+nnn or A–nnn is given for phase, where nnn
is a phase offset, the offset is preserved when the phase shift occurs.
Use
Test Tab
On the TIMEPH Test Tab screen (Figure C.122 on page C-233):
3. Enter the source phase ACTION and enter amplitude and frequency
values.
72A-1585 Rev. C 8/02 C-231


The TIMEPH Test Tab Results fields are explained
in Table C.134.
Table C.134 TIMEPH Test Tab Results Fields
Field Explanation

% Error Error.
Time Units From the pull-down list, select mSec, Sec,
or Cycles.
C-232 72A-1585 Rev. C 8/02

ProTesT User Guide
The TIMEPH Test Tab screen is shown in Figure C.122.
Figure C.122 TIMEPH Test Tab Screen
Action Tab
The TIMEPH Action Tab Conditions fields are explained in Table C.135.
Table C.135 TIMEPH Action Tab Conditions Fields
Field Explanation
Offset Phase The initial phase for the source marked

ACTION.
Max on Time How many seconds to apply the test phase
before deciding the relay will not operate.
72A-1585 Rev. C 8/02 C-233

The TIMEPH Action Tab screen is shown in Figure C.123.
Figure C.123 TIMEPH Action Tab Screen
Sense The TIMEPH Sense fields are explained in Table C.136.
Table C.136 TIMEPH Sense Fields
Field Explanation

Master Instrument.
values.
The phase is shifted to the test value and the timer is started. Phase offset
is preserved if multiple Action phases are defined. The test stops as soon
as the relay operates and the time is recorded. If the relay does not
operate, a No Op is recorded.
C-234 72A-1585 Rev. C 8/02

ProTesT User Guide
Operation Graph
The TIMEPH Operation graph is shown in Figure C.124.
Figure C.124 TIMEPH Operation Graph
72A-1585 Rev. C 8/02 C-235

TIMEV - Operating Time, Voltage - V ProTesTPLAN - Z ProTesTPLAN

Description
One or more test sources are set to initial values, a voltage step change is
applied, and operate time is recorded. An expected operate time can be
entered, with +/– tolerances, to determine PASS/FAIL.
Operation
TIMEV does an A to B voltage step change, with timer stop mode
enabled.
Use
This macro performs setpoint testing of under/overvoltage relays. Use
DC Action to time an auxiliary relay or relay target, when a contact or
voltage sense signal can be provided. If using F2410 DV source, ensure
that Zero crossing equals SOURCE.
Notes
• If using a slave F2410 DV source, the time test is accurate only for
transitions from either 0 volts offset to non-zero test voltage, or
from non-zero offset to 0 voltage. The transition occurs either by
turning the source ON at the test voltage, or by turning the source
OFF, to go to zero voltage. On the transition from 0 volts, timer
start is delayed until a signal from the F2410 indicates that 1.5 V
is applied at the output contacts.
Test Tab
On the TIMEV Test Tab screen (Figure C.125 on page C-238):
frequency values.
C-236 72A-1585 Rev. C 8/02

ProTesT User Guide

The TIMEV Test Tab Results fields are explained in
Table C.137.
Table C.137 TIMEV Test Tab Results Fields
Field Explanation

% Error Error.
Time Units Select mSec, sec or cycles from the pull-down
list.
72A-1585 Rev. C 8/02 C-237

The TIMEV Test Tab screen is shown in Figure C.125.
Figure C.125 TIMEV Test Tab Screen
Action Tab
The TIMEV Action Tab Conditions fields are explained in Table C.138.
Table C.138 TIMEV Action Tab Conditions Fields
Field Explanation
Offset Voltage The initial voltage for all Action sources; e.g., the
normal voltage.
Test Voltage The test voltage to apply.
Max On Time How many seconds to maintain the test voltage.
Be sure it is long enough for the relay to
respond.
C-238 72A-1585 Rev. C 8/02

ProTesT User Guide
The TIMEV Action Tab screen is shown in Figure C.126.
Figure C.126 TIMEV Action Tab Screen
Sense The TIMEV Sense fields are explained in Table C.139.
Table C.139 TIMEV Sense Fields
Field Explanation

Master Instrument.
The voltage is stepped to the test value and the timer is started. The test
stops as soon as the relay operates and the time is recorded. If the relay
does not operate, a No Op is recorded.
72A-1585 Rev. C 8/02 C-239

Operation Graph
The TIMEV Operation graph is shown in Figure C.127.
Voltage
C (A) Offset
(B) Offset Duration
(C) Test Value
(D) Max On Time
Prefault
Amplitude
A
Time
Prefault B Sense D
Duration
Figure C.127 TIMEV Operation Graph
Prefault Tab
voltage and increasing current. The TIMEV Prefault Tab fields are
Table C.140 TIMEV Prefault Tab Fields
Field Explanation
be modified.
C-240 72A-1585 Rev. C 8/02

ProTesT User Guide
TOCPLT - Time Overcurrent Characteristic Plot - I ProTesTPLAN

Description
Test currents are applied at up to 12 different amplitudes and relay
operate time is measured. Expected values and +/– tolerances are
optionally specified to determine pass/fail for each test point. A
characteristic plot can be displayed and printed.
Operation
A series of time tests is performed, stepping current amplitude from an
offset to a test current, for up to 12 separate amplitudes. A reset time is
specified to allow relays with induction disks or other similar devices to
reset between tests. If expected operate times and tolerances are entered,
pass/fail results are automatically recorded. Select Tools/Graph/Display
Graph from the menu bar to display the time characteristic. The plot form
can be changed without rerunning the test.
Use
This macro tests the induction disk, overcurrent relays, and directional
overcurrent elements in a distance relay. Run multiple TOCPLT tests at
different tap settings and plot a family of characteristic curves.
Notes
• If polarizing voltage is needed, use Offset Current and Offset Time
on the Action tab (Figure C.129 on page C-244).
72A-1585 Rev. C 8/02 C-241

Test Tab
On the TOCPLT Test Tab screen (Figure C.128):
frequency values.
The TOCPLT Test Tab Results fields are explained
in Table C.141.
C-242 72A-1585 Rev. C 8/02

ProTesT User Guide
Table C.141 TOCPLT Test Tab Results Fields
Field Explanation
Test I (or X) Test Current, in Amps or multiples; depends on

the Test Unit selection.
Expected Time Expected operate time, in the time units
selected.
% Error Error.
or Cycles.
Test Units From the drop-down list, select amplitude
(Ampl) or XTap.
The TOCPLT Test Tab screen is shown in Figure C.128.
Figure C.128 TOCPLT Test Tab Screen
72A-1585 Rev. C 8/02 C-243

Action Tab
The TOCPLT Action Tab Conditions fields are shown in Table C.142.
Table C.142 TOCPLT Action Tab Conditions Fields
Field Explanation
Offset Current Enter offset amplitude.

Offset Time Enter offset duration, in cycles.
Max On Time Maximum number of seconds to apply current
before recording No Op (no operation).
Reset Time Number of seconds to wait between tests to
allow the relay to reset.
of relay.
Tap Value Tap setting of relay, used to compute current
amplitude when using multiples of tap. If the
Test Unit is XTAP, the Test Current on the Test tab
is shown in multiples (X); otherwise as
Current (I).
The TOCPLT Action Tab screen is shown in Figure C.129.
Figure C.129 TOCPLT Action Tab Screen
C-244 72A-1585 Rev. C 8/02

ProTesT User Guide
Sense The TOCPLT Sense fields are explained in Table C.143.
Table C.143 TOCPLT Sense Fields
Field Explanation

Master Instrument.
The test stops as soon as the relay operates and the time is recorded. The
Action current turns off before starting the next test and during the reset
time. If the relay does not operate a No Op is recorded. No Op may be
desired, if the relay is not supposed to operate.
NOTE The test current is evaluated before running each test point. If needed,
the range is increased or decreased to maximize the available power
before conducting the test point.
Operation Graph
The TOCPLT Operation graph is shown in Figure C.130.
Figure C.130 TOCPLT Operation Graph
72A-1585 Rev. C 8/02 C-245

Prefault Tab
voltage and increasing current. The TOCPLT Prefault Tab fields are
Table C.144 TOCPLT Prefault Tab Fields
Field Explanation
be modified.
NOTE The Prefault quantities are applied before each test, up to 12 points.
C-246 72A-1585 Rev. C 8/02

ProTesT User Guide
TOVPLT - Time vs. Voltage Characteristic Plot - V ProTesTPLAN

Description
Test voltages are applied at up to 12 different amplitudes and relay
operate time is measured. Expected values and +/– tolerances are
optionally specified to determine pass/fail for each test point. A
characteristic plot can be displayed and printed.
Operation
A series of time tests is performed, stepping voltage amplitude from an
offset to a test voltage, for up to 12 separate amplitudes. A reset time is
specified to allow relays with induction disks or other similar devices to
reset between tests. If expected operate times and tolerances are entered,
pass/fail results are automatically recorded. Select Tools/Graph/Display
Graph from the menu bar to display the time characteristic. The plot form
can be changed without rerunning the test.
Use
This macro tests over/undervoltage relays. Run multiple TOVPLT tests at
different tap settings and plot a family of characteristic curves.
Notes
72A-1585 Rev. C 8/02 C-247

Test Tab
On the TOVPLT Test Tab screen (Figure C.131):
frequency values.
The TOVPLT Test Tab Results fields are explained
in Table C.145.
C-248 72A-1585 Rev. C 8/02

ProTesT User Guide
Table C.145 TOVPLT Test Tab Results Fields
Field Explanation
Test V (or X) Test Voltage, in volts or multiples; depends on

Test Unit selection.
Expected Time Expected operate time, in the Time units
selected.
% Error Error.
or Cycles.
Test Units From the drop-down list, select amplitude
(Ampl) or XTap.
The TOVPLT Test Tab screen is shown in Figure C.131.
Figure C.131 TOVPLT Test Tab Screen
72A-1585 Rev. C 8/02 C-249

Action Tab
The TOVPLT Action Tab Conditions fields are explained in Table C.146.
Table C.146 TOVPLT Action Tab Conditions Fields
Field Explanation
Offset Voltage Enter offset amplitude.

Offset Duration Enter offset duration, in cycles.
Maximum On Maximum number of seconds to apply voltage
Time before recording No Op (no operation).
Reset Time Number of seconds to wait between test pulses
to allow the relay to reset.
of relay.
Tap Value Tap setting of relay, used to compute current
amplitude when using multiples of tap. If the
Test Unit selection is XTAP, test voltage on test
tab is shown as multiples (X); otherwise as
Voltage (V).
The TOVPLT Action Tab screen is shown in Figure C.132.
Figure C.132 TOVPLT Action Tab Screen
C-250 72A-1585 Rev. C 8/02

ProTesT User Guide
Sense The TOVPLT Sense fields are explained in Table C.147.
Table C.147 TOVPLT Sense Fields
Field Explanation

Master Instrument.
The test stops as soon as the relay operates and the time is recorded.
NOTE The test voltage is evaluated before running each test point. If needed,
the range is increased or decreased to maximize the available power
before conducting the test point.
Operation Graph
The TOVPLT Operation graph is shown in Figure C.133.
Figure C.133 TOVPLT Operation Graph
72A-1585 Rev. C 8/02 C-251

Prefault Tab
voltage and increasing current. The TOVPLT Prefault Tab fields are
Table C.148 TOVPLT Prefault Tab Fields
Field Explanation
be modified.
NOTE The Prefault quantities are applied before each test, up to 12 tests.
C-252 72A-1585 Rev. C 8/02

ProTesT User Guide
TPHPLT - Time vs. Phase Shift Characteristic Plot - V ProTesTPLAN

Description
One or more test sources are set to initial values, and a phase shift is
applied. Up to 12 different phase shifts are tested and relay operate time
is measured. Expected time and +/– tolerances are optionally specified to
determine pass/fail for each test point. A characteristic plot can be
displayed and printed.
Operation
A series of phase shift time tests is performed, stepping phase from an
offset value to a test value, for up to 12 separate tests. A reset time is
specified to allow the relay to reset between tests. If expected operate
times and tolerances are entered, pass/fail results are automatically
recorded. Select Tools/Graph/Display Graph from the menu bar to
display the time characteristic. The plot form can be changed without
rerunning the test.
Use
Notes
• Be sure to provide enough reset time to allow the relay to recover
72A-1585 Rev. C 8/02 C-253

Test Tab
On the TPHPLT Test Tab screen (Figure C.134):
3. Enter the source phase ACTION and enter amplitude and frequency
values.
The TPHPLT Test Tab Results fields are explained in
Table C.149.
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ProTesT User Guide
Table C.149 TPHPLT Test Tab Results Fields
Field Explanation
Test Phase Specify test phase angles for each test, up to

12 tests.
Expected Time Expected operate time for the relay for the given
phase shift. Refer to the characteristic curves
published for the relay.
+ %/– % Percent tolerance defining the range of
acceptable time results.
Actual Records the actual operate time, in the selected
units (mSec/Sec/Cycles).
% Error Percent error.
Result Pass/Fail flag.
or Cycles.
The TPHPLT Test Tab screen is shown in Figure C.134.
Figure C.134 TPHPLT Test Tab Screen
72A-1585 Rev. C 8/02 C-255

Action Tab
The TPHPLT Action Tab Conditions fields are explained in Table C.150.
Table C.150 TPHPLT Action Tab Conditions Fields
Field Explanation
Offset Phase Enter an offset phase (typically zero for the

reference phase).
Offset Duration Enter an offset duration in cycles.
Max On Time Maximum number of seconds to sustain phase
shift before recording No Op (no operation).
Reset Time Number of seconds to wait between test pulses,
to allow the relay to reset.
of relay.
MTA Value Documentation use only. Where relevant,
indicates maximum torque angle of relay.
The TPHPLT Action Tab screen is shown in Figure C.135.
Figure C.135 TPHPLT Action Tab Screen
C-256 72A-1585 Rev. C 8/02

ProTesT User Guide
Sense The TPHPLT Sense fields are explained in Table C.151.
Table C.151 TPHPLT Sense Fields
Field Explanation

Master Instrument.
values.
the time is recorded. Sources turn off and wait before the next test point.
Operation Graph
The TPHPLT Operation graph is shown in Figure C.136.
Figure C.136 TPHPLT Operation Graph
72A-1585 Rev. C 8/02 C-257

TRANS - Transient Waveform Playback - T ProTesTPLAN

Description
Import COMTRADE waveform files, select traces for playback, and save
them in the ProTesT database. TRANS allows the user to view and edit
transient data files, then play back waveforms through the F6000.
Waveform data are imported from data files stored in IEEE COMTRADE
format. Such data may represent data channels from DFR recordings or
EMTP simulations.
Operation
Create a TRANS Macro in a Test Plan, then open the test and select a
Comtrade.cfg file to import. All channels are displayed on a common
time scale. Select one or more channels for playback. All other channels
can be deleted from the TRANS macro test data; otherwise, deselected
channels are merely hidden from view. Use the mouse to select a time
frame by drawing a zoom box over selected channels. Run a test and the
selected waveform segments are downloaded to the instrument for
playback. Timers can be set up on a Results tab similar to timer setup
on the SSIMUL macro (page C-209).
Use
This macro evaluates protection schemes, or troubleshoots suspected
misoperation. Use to reproduce the effect of DC offset and L/R decay
during a fault.
Import Comtrade File

When a TRANS macro is created, the View tab is initially empty. To
import a Comtrade file, select Macro | Import from the menu bar. A file
browse window is opened. Browse to the drive and folder containing the
desired Comtrade files and select the .cfg file. All traces are presented on
the View tab. Use the vertical scroll bar to view all the traces.
C-258 72A-1585 Rev. C 8/02

ProTesT User Guide
View Tab
TRANS opens at the View tab (Figure C.137). The figure shows the signal
view of waveforms imported already into ProTesT.
Drag and Drop

mSec/Cycles
Delete Trace
Figure C.137 Test View of TRANS Macro – the View Tab
Control Buttons
mSec/Cycles Changes the scale shown at the bottom of the tab
between cycles and milliseconds.
Delete trace This is available for each trace. Click Delete trace
to remove the trace from the view. A prompt asks
whether to delete it, or to hide it from view. If
deleted, the data is removed from the database.
Drag and Drop Click Drag and Drop, hold down the left mouse
button, and drag to another trace. Release the
button and, if allowed, the trace being dragged will
be copied onto the target, which will now show
both traces.
72A-1585 Rev. C 8/02 C-259

Zoom To enlarge a trace area of one or more consecutive

traces, click the area, drag a zoom box around the
area, and release. The traces included in the zoom
box are enlarged, covering the time frame included
in the box. An Unzoom button appears on the top
right (Figure C.138). Click Unzoom to restore the
trace images to normal size.
Zoom/Unzoom
Figure C.138 Zoom Option
Data Readout Left click anywhere on a graph to place a green start-of-time marker on
all traces; right click to place a red time end-of-time marker. A data area
to the right of the horizontal scroll bar displays three numbers for each
trace: the green value is the waveform amplitude at the green marker, the
red value is the amplitude at the red marker, and the yellow value is the
difference between them.
NOTE The three value-readouts may not all be visible until the traces are
zoomed.
C-260 72A-1585 Rev. C 8/02

ProTesT User Guide
Viewing Properties Right click anywhere on the View tab to display a pop-up menu, as long
as the start/end time markers are not being shown (Figure C.139).
Figure C.139 View Tab Pop-up Menu
Properties (Figure C.140) allow you to customize the waveform display.

Recording Info displays the date and time of the recording, the sample
rate, and the number of samples.
Figure C.140 Signal Viewing Properties
NOTE Help is not yet implemented.
72A-1585 Rev. C 8/02 C-261

Click Advanced to display a second window (Figure C.141) to set

additional properties for the waveform display.
Figure C.141 Signal Viewing Properties - Advanced
C-262 72A-1585 Rev. C 8/02

ProTesT User Guide
Analog Tab
The Analog tab (Figure C.142) lists information about each analog trace.
Figure C.142 Analog Tab
SRC In this column, enter the Doble source that will

play that channel trace. All other information is
taken from the Comtrade header file.
% Range Set to 100%. Using a smaller % Range will force
TRANS to use a higher range for all sources during
playback. Assign a smaller % Range only if
playback at 100% Range causes a source to go into
thermal overload.
NOTE The Filter Parameters apply only to F2000, and F2000 transient support
is not yet implemented.
72A-1585 Rev. C 8/02 C-263

Digital Tab
The Digital tab (Figure C.143) lists information about each digital trace.
Figure C.143 Digital Tab
Add a Doble source name to the SRC column to identify which logic
outputs play the trace. Click Inv to invert the output.
C-264 72A-1585 Rev. C 8/02

ProTesT User Guide
ZPLBOI - Z Characteristic Plot - Binary Search Current -

Z ProTesTPLAN
Description
A fast, high-low pulsed search to bracket the relay operate point,
followed by linear ramp or pulsed ramp for a high resolution result.
Impedance value is calculated. Repeated up to 100 times at different
impedance angles for fast measurement of impedance characteristic.
The search algorithm begins by testing midway between the Action
Offset Current and Current Limit. If the relay does not operate, limit
current is applied. If the relay still does not operate, the test is over
(recorded as No Op, No Operation). Successive pulses are calculated
based on the results of the last pulse; i.e., the next pulse is halfway
between the last operate value and the last No Op value. When the
difference between pulse amplitudes is less than three times the ramp
delta current specified, the search stops and either a Linear Ramp or a
Pulsed Ramp begins.
Operation
ZPLBOI does a sequence of Reach Binary Search tests at different
impedance phase angles. The user specifies up to four impedance angle
arcs, defined by From Angle, To Angle, and Delta. Reach tests are
performed at each angle in the arc, including the end points. Multiple
arcs make it possible to do a coarse sweep (e.g., every 10×) over a wide
range, then test at, perhaps, every 1× near the angle of maximum torque.
A third, very coarse, arc could verify no operation in the blind zone of a
directional distance relay. Select Tools/Graph/Display Graph from the
menu bar to display the time characteristic. The plot form can be
changed without rerunning the test.
Use
This macro tests the high resolution steady state characteristic curve for
distance relay.
72A-1585 Rev. C 8/02 C-265

ZPLBOI - Z Characteristic Plot - Binary Search Current - Z ProTesTPLAN
Notes
• Will record up to 100 points for a good curve.
• If fewer points are needed, use ZPXBOI, which allows Pass/Fail
evaluation.
Test Tab
On the ZPLBOI Test Tab screen (Figure C.144):
3. Mark the Action amplitude(s) and phase(s) ACTION or enter the
amplitude value.
4. Enter the frequency.
5. Specify phase as ACTION, A−120, A+120, for example, if phase offset
is required among multiple Action sources.
C-266 72A-1585 Rev. C 8/02

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Figure C.144 ZPLBOI Test Tab Screen
Arc Table For each arc A, B, C, D define up to four impedance Arcs. Specify From
Angle, To Angle and Delta for each Arc to cover the angles of interest at a
given angular resolution. Select results from the Results pull-down arrow
to display prior results.
The arc angles entered are impedance angles. Action source angle is
assumed to be lagging, and is calculated by ProTesT based on the Voltage
Fault Angle entered on the Action tab.
The ZPLBOI Arcs are defined in Table C.152.
Table C.152 ZPLBOI Arc Definitions
Arc Definition
From Angle Starting Impedance Angle of the arc in degrees.

To Angle End Impedance Angle of the arc in degrees.
Delta Increment of phase angle in degrees.
72A-1585 Rev. C 8/02 C-267

Results Table A scrollable table shows the results of running the macro. ZPLBOI
records the impedance angle (Z Angle), calculated impedance, and
operate current for up to 100 test points. Impedance is calculated based
on the selected Fault Equation (i.e., impedance equation) selected.
There are no expected values, and no Pass/Fail indication. Test result will
show only as Run.
Action Tab
The ZPLBOI Action Tab Conditions fields are explained in Table C.153.
Table C.153 ZPLBOI Action Tab Conditions Fields
Field Explanation

offset current.
downward ramp.
Delta Time How long each Linear Ramp step is held; set to 0
for Pulsed Ramp, using the same pulse duration
and wait as the search.
C-268 72A-1585 Rev. C 8/02

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The ZPLBOI Action Tab screen is shown in Figure C.145.
Figure C.145 ZPLBOI Action Tab Screen
Sense The ZPLBOI Sense fields are explained in Table C.154.
Table C.154 ZPLBOI Sense Fields
Field Explanation

Master Instrument.
current Action sources briefly turn off before starting the next test point.
72A-1585 Rev. C 8/02 C-269

Operation Graph
The ZPLBOI Operation graph is shown in Figure C.146.
Figure C.146 ZPLBOI Operation Graph
Fault
The ZPLBOI Fault fields are explained in Table C.155.
Table C.155 ZPLBOI Fault Fields
Field Explanation
Equation Use the pull-down list to select a steady state

fault equation for impedance. Use V/I for single
phase fault, V/2I for phase to phase, and V/I√3 for
a three phase fault with a delta fault voltage. A
formula involving a scalar K (K*V/I) is provided
to calculate zero compensated values.
Voltage Amplitude of fault voltage. On a phase to
ground fault, this is the voltage amplitude on the
Test tab; however, on a phase to phase fault, this
is the vector difference of the two Doble
voltages, which are phase to ground quantities.
Angle Angle of fault voltage entered above. On phase
to phase fault, this is angle of the vector
difference of the two Doble phase to ground
voltages.
K Factor Scalar value of K for use in an Equation
involving K; otherwise it is ignored.
C-270 72A-1585 Rev. C 8/02

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Prefault Tab
voltage and increasing current. The ZPLBOI Prefault Tab fields are
Table C.156 ZPLBOI Prefault Tab Fields
Field Explanation
be modified.
72A-1585 Rev. C 8/02 C-271

ZPLBOV - Z Characteristic Plot - Binary Search Voltage - Z ProTesTPLAN
ZPLBOV - Z Characteristic Plot - Binary Search Voltage -

Z ProTesTPLAN
Description
Repeated up to 100 times at different impedance angles for fast
measurement of impedance characteristic.
The Search algorithm begins by testing midway between the Action
Offset Voltage and Voltage Limit. If the relay does not operate, limit
voltage is applied. If the relay still does not operate, the test is over
(recorded as No Op, No Operation). Successive pulses are calculated
based on the results of the last pulse; i.e., the next pulse is halfway
between the last operate value and the last No Op value. When the
difference between pulse amplitudes is less than three times the ramp
delta voltage specified, the search stops and either a Linear Ramp or a
Pulsed Ramp begins.
The ramp backs twice the delta voltage further, then ramps for a
maximum of 15 steps. If the test is properly tuned, three or four steps
should be sufficient.
Operation
ZPLBOV does a sequence of Reach Binary Search tests at different
impedance phase angles. The user specifies up to four impedance angle
arcs, defined by From Angle, To Angle, and Delta. Reach tests are
performed at each angle in the arc, including the end points. Multiple
arcs make it possible to do a coarse sweep (e.g., every 10×) over a wide
range, then test at, perhaps, every 1× near the angle of maximum torque.
A third, very coarse, arc could verify no operation in the blind zone of a
Use
distance relay.
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ProTesT User Guide
Notes
• If fewer points are needed, use ZPXBOV, which allows Pass/Fail
evaluation.
Test Tab
On the ZPLBOV Test Tab screen (Figure C.147 on page C-274):
amplitude value.
5. Specify phase as ACTION, A-120, A+120, for example, if phase offset
Save Results
Click Save Results after running a test and select
Delete Results
Click Delete Results to display a window
72A-1585 Rev. C 8/02 C-273

Arc Table Results Table
Figure C.147 ZPLBOV Test Tab Screen
Arc Table Define up to four impedance Arcs. Specify From Angle, To Angle and
Delta for each Arc, to cover the angles of interest at a given angular
resolution.
assumed to be leading, and is calculated by ProTesT, based on the
Current Fault Angle entered on the Action tab.
The ZPLBOV Arcs are defined in Table C.157.
Table C.157 ZPLBOV Arc Definitions
Arc Definition

C-274 72A-1585 Rev. C 8/02

ProTesT User Guide
Results Table A scrollable table shows the results of running the macro. ZPLBOV
records the impedance angle (Z angle), calculated impedance, and
operate voltage for up to 100 test points. Impedance is calculated based
on the selected Fault Equation (i.e., impedance equation) selected.
show only as Run.
Action Tab
The ZPLBOV Action Tab Conditions fields are explained in Table C.158.
Table C.158 ZPLBOV Action Tab Conditions Fields
Field Explanation

offset voltage.
downward ramp.
72A-1585 Rev. C 8/02 C-275

The ZPLBOV Action Tab screen is shown in Figure C.148.
Figure C.148 ZPLBOV Action Tab Screen
Sense The ZPLBOV Sense fields are explained in Table C.159.
Table C.159 ZPLBOV Sense Fields
Field Explanation

Master Instrument.
voltage Action sources briefly turn off before starting the next test point.
C-276 72A-1585 Rev. C 8/02

ProTesT User Guide
Operation Graph
The ZPLBOV Operation graph is shown in Figure C.149.
Figure C.149 ZPLBOV Operation Graph
Fault
The ZPLBOV Fault fields are explained in Table C.160.
Table C.160 ZPLBOV Fault Fields
Field Explanation
Equation Use the pull-down list to select steady state fault

equation for impedance. Use V/I for single phase
fault, ÷3 V/2I for phase to phase, and V/I÷3 for a
three phase fault with a delta fault voltage. A
Current Amplitude of fault current. On a phase to ground
fault, this is the current amplitude on the Test
tab; however, on a phase to phase fault, this is
the vector difference of the two Doble currents,
which are phase to ground quantities. Must not
be zero.
currents.
72A-1585 Rev. C 8/02 C-277

Prefault Tab
The ZPLBOV Prefault Tab fields are explained in Table C.161.
Table C.161 ZPLBOV Prefault Tab Fields
Field Explanation
be modified.
C-278 72A-1585 Rev. C 8/02

ProTesT User Guide
ZPLLRI - Z Characteristic Plot - Linear Ramp Current -

Z ProTesTPLAN
Description
No Op, for No Operation). This can be repeated up to 100 times at
different impedance angles.
Operation
ZPLLRI does a sequence of Linear Ramp Reach tests at different
impedance angles. The user specifies up to four impedance angle arcs,
defined by From Angle, To Angle, and Delta. Reach tests are performed
at each angle in the arc, including the end points. Multiple arcs make it
possible to do a coarse sweep (e.g., every 10×) over a wide range, then
test at, perhaps, every 1× near the angle of maximum torque. A third,
very coarse, arc could verify no operation in the blind zone of a
Use
distance relay.
Notes
expected operating points as possible or use ZPLBOI instead.
evaluation.
72A-1585 Rev. C 8/02 C-279

ZPLLRI - Z Characteristic Plot - Linear Ramp Current - Z ProTesTPLAN
Test Tab
On the ZPLLRI Test Tab screen (Figure C.150):
amplitude value.
C-280 72A-1585 Rev. C 8/02

ProTesT User Guide
Arc Table Result Table
Figure C.150 ZPLLRI Test Tab Screen
resolution.
assumed to be lagging, and is calculated by ProTesT, based on the
Voltage Fault Angle entered on the Action tab.
The ZPLLRI Arcs are defined in Table C.162.
Table C.162 ZPLLRI Arc Definitions
Arc Definition

72A-1585 Rev. C 8/02 C-281

Results Table A scrollable table shows the results running of the macro. ZPLLRI records
the impedance angle, calculated impedance, and operate current for up
to 100 test points. Impedance is calculated based on the selected Fault
Equation (i.e., impedance equation) selected.
show only as Run.
Action Tab
The ZPLLRI Action Tab Conditions fields are explained in Table C.163.
Table C.163 ZPLLRI Action Tab Conditions Fields
Field Explanation

downward ramp.
Delta Time How long each Linear Ramp step is held. Use
minus for a downward ramp.
Offset and the limit determines the source range.
The ZPLLRI Action Tab screen is shown in Figure C.151.
Figure C.151 ZPLLRI Action Tab Screen
C-282 72A-1585 Rev. C 8/02

ProTesT User Guide
Sense The ZPLLRI Sense fields are explained in Table C.164.
Table C.164 ZPLLRI Sense Fields
Field Explanation

Master Instrument.
Operation Graph
The ZPLLRI Operation graph is shown in Figure C.152.
Figure C.152 ZPLLRI Operation Graph
72A-1585 Rev. C 8/02 C-283

Fault
The ZPLLRI Fault fields are explained in Table C.165.
Table C.165 ZPLLRI Fault Fields
Field Explanation

fault, V/2I for phase to phase, and V/I√3 for a
voltages.
C-284 72A-1585 Rev. C 8/02

ProTesT User Guide
Prefault Tab
The ZPLLRI Prefault Tab fields are explained in Table C.166.
Table C.166 ZPLLRI Prefault Tab Fields
Field Explanation
be modified.
72A-1585 Rev. C 8/02 C-285

ZPLLRV - Z Characteristic Plot - Linear Ramp Voltage - Z ProTesTPLAN
ZPLLRV - Z Characteristic Plot - Linear Ramp Voltage -

Z ProTesTPLAN
Description
No Op, for No Operation). Repeated up to 100 times at different
impedance angles.
Operation
ZPLLRV does a sequence of Linear Ramp Reach tests at different
Use
distance relay.
Notes
evaluation.
Test Tab
On the ZPLLRV Test Tab screen (Figure C.153):
amplitude value.
C-286 72A-1585 Rev. C 8/02

ProTesT User Guide

Arc Table Results Table
Figure C.153 ZPLLRV Test Tab Screen
72A-1585 Rev. C 8/02 C-287

resolution.
The ZPLLRV Arc are defined in Table C.167.
Table C.167 ZPLLRV Arc Definitions
Arc Definition

Results Table A scrollable table shows the results of running the macro. ZPLLRV
records the impedance angle, calculated impedance, and operate
voltage for up to 100 test points. Impedance is calculated based on the
selected Fault Equation (i.e., impedance equation) selected.
show only as Run.
Action Tab
The ZPLLRV Action Tab Conditions fields are explained in Table C.168.
Table C.168 ZPLLRV Action Tab Conditions Fields
Field Explanation

downward ramp.
Delta Time How long each Linear Ramp step is held. Use
minus for a downward ramp.
Offset and limit determines the source range.
C-288 72A-1585 Rev. C 8/02

ProTesT User Guide
The ZPLLRV Action Tab screen is shown in Figure C.154.
Figure C.154 ZPLLRV Action Tab Screen
Sense The ZPLLRV Sense fields are explained in Table C.169.
Table C.169 ZPLLRV Sense Fields
Field Explanation

Master Instrument.
72A-1585 Rev. C 8/02 C-289

Operation Graph
The ZPLLRV Operation graph is shown in Figure C.155.
Figure C.155 ZPLLRV Operation Graph
Fault
The ZPLLRV Fault fields are explained in Table C.170.
Table C.170 ZPLLRV Fault Fields
Field Explanation

fault, √3 V/2I for phase to phase, and V/I√3 for a
fault, this is the current amplitude on the Test
tab; however, on a phase to phase fault, this is
the vector difference of the two Doble currents,
which are phase to ground quantities.
Angle Angle of fault current entered above. On phase
currents.
C-290 72A-1585 Rev. C 8/02

ProTesT User Guide
Prefault Tab
The ZPLLRV Prefault Tab fields are explained in Table C.171.
Operations When the test is run, the Prefault is applied as
Table C.171 ZPLLRV Prefault Tab fields
Field Explanation
be modified.
72A-1585 Rev. C 8/02 C-291

ZPLPRI - Z Characteristic Plot - Pulsed Linear Ramp Current - Z ProTesTPLAN
ZPLPRI - Z Characteristic Plot - Pulsed Linear Ramp Current -

Z ProTesTPLAN
Description
One or more current sources are ramped in a series of pulses, returning
Repeated up to 100 times at different impedance angles.
Operation
ZPLPRI does a sequence of Pulsed Linear Ramp Reach tests at different
very coarse arc could verify no operation in the blind zone of a
Use
distance relay. Use Pulsed Ramp instead of Linear Ramp to minimize
heat load on relay, or when the relay requires return to offset between
test values.
Notes
evaluation.
C-292 72A-1585 Rev. C 8/02

ProTesT User Guide
Test Tab
On the ZPLPRI Test Tab screen (Figure C.156 on page C-294):
amplitude value.
72A-1585 Rev. C 8/02 C-293

The ZPLPRI Test Tab screen is shown in Figure C.156.
Figure C.156 ZPLPRI Test Tab Screen
resolution.
assumed to be lagging, and is calculated by ProTesT, based on the
Voltage Fault Angle entered on the Action tab.
The ZPLPRI Arcs are defined in Table C.172.
Table C.172 ZPLPRI Arc Definitions
Arc Definition

C-294 72A-1585 Rev. C 8/02

ProTesT User Guide
Results Table A scrollable table shows the results of running the macro. ZPLPRI records
the impedance angle, calculated impedance, and operate current for up
to 100 test points. Impedance is calculated based on the selected Fault
Equation (i.e., impedance equation) selected.
show only as Run.
Action Tab
The ZPLPRI Action Tab Conditions fields are explained in Table C.173.
Table C.173 ZPLPRI Action Tab Conditions Fields
Field Explanation

Initial Current Amplitude of first pulse.
Pulse Duration Maximum length of each pulse; pulse terminates
as soon as a sense is detected.
offset current.
downward ramp.
72A-1585 Rev. C 8/02 C-295

The ZPLPRI Action Tab screen is shown in Figure C.157.
Figure C.157 ZPLPRI Action Tab Screen
Sense The ZPLPRI Sense fields are explained in Table C.174.
Table C.174 ZPLPRI Sense Fields
Field Explanation

Master Instrument.
C-296 72A-1585 Rev. C 8/02

ProTesT User Guide
Operation Graph
The ZPLPRI Operation graph is shown in Figure C.158.
Figure C.158 ZPLPRI Operation Graph
Fault
The ZPLPRI Fault fields are explained in Table C.175.
Table C.175 ZPLPRI Fault Fields
Field Explanation

fault, V/2I for phase to phase, and V/I÷3 for a
voltages.
72A-1585 Rev. C 8/02 C-297

Prefault Tab
voltage and increasing current. The ZPLPRI Prefault Tab fields are
Table C.176 ZPLPRI Prefault Tab Fields
Field Explanation
be modified.
C-298 72A-1585 Rev. C 8/02

ProTesT User Guide
ZPLPRV - Z Characteristic Plot - Pulsed Linear Ramp Voltage -

Z ProTesTPLAN
Description
One or more voltage sources are ramped in a series of pulses, returning
Repeated up to 100 times at different impedance angles.
Operation
ZPLPRI does a sequence of Pulsed Linear Ramp Reach tests at different
Use
distance relay. Use when relay requires return to offset between test
values.
Notes
evaluation.
72A-1585 Rev. C 8/02 C-299

ZPLPRV - Z Characteristic Plot - Pulsed Linear Ramp Voltage - Z ProTesTPLAN
Test Tab
On the ZPLPRV Test Tab screen (Figure C.159):
amplitude value.
C-300 72A-1585 Rev. C 8/02

ProTesT User Guide
Figure C.159 ZPLPRV Test Tab Screen
resolution.
The ZPLPRV Arcs are defined in Table C.177.
Table C.177 ZPLPRV Arcs Definition
Arc Definition

72A-1585 Rev. C 8/02 C-301

Results Table A scrollable table shows the results of running the macro. ZPLPRV
records the impedance angle, calculated impedance, and operate
voltage for up to 100 test points. Impedance is calculated based on the
selected Fault Equation (i.e., impedance equation) selected.
show only as Run.
Action Tab
The ZPLPRV Action Tab Conditions fields are explained Table C.178.
Table C.178 ZPLPRV Action Tab Conditions Fields
Field Explanation

Pulse Duration How long each pulse is held, waiting for a sense.
downward ramp.
The ZPLPRV Action Tab screen is shown in Figure C.160.
Figure C.160 ZPLPRV Action Tab Screen
C-302 72A-1585 Rev. C 8/02

ProTesT User Guide
Sense The ZPLPRV Sense fields are explained in Table C.179.
Table C.179 ZPLPRV Sense Fields
Field Explanation

Master Instrument.
Operation Graph
The ZPLPRV Operation graph is shown in Figure C.161.
Figure C.161 ZPLPRV Operation Graph
72A-1585 Rev. C 8/02 C-303

Fault
The ZPLPRV Fault fields are explained in Table C.180.
Table C.180 ZPLPRV Fault Fields
Field Explanation

fault, √3V/2I for phase to phase, and V/I√3 for a
voltages.
C-304 72A-1585 Rev. C 8/02

ProTesT User Guide
Prefault Tab
voltage and increasing current. The ZPLPRV Prefault Tab fields are
Table C.181 ZPLPRV Prefault Tab Fields
Field Explanation
be modified.
72A-1585 Rev. C 8/02 C-305

ZPXBOI - Z Characteristic with Expected Value Binary Search Current -

Z ProTesTPLAN
Description
Repeated up to 12 times at specified impedance angles to determine an
impedance characteristic and Pass/Fail in one test. (Same as ZPLBOI,
except that expected values and pass/fail tolerances are offered.)
The Search algorithm begins by testing midway between the Offset
Current and Current Limit. If the relay does not operate, limit current is
applied. If the relay still does not operate, the test is over (recorded as
No Op, No Operation). Successive pulses are calculated based on the
results of the last pulse; i.e., the next pulse is halfway between the last
operate value and the last No Op value. When the difference between
pulse amplitudes is less than three times the ramp delta current, the
search stops and either a Linear Ramp or a Pulsed Ramp begins.
The ramp backs off twice the delta current further, then ramps for a
Operation
ZPXBOI does up to 12 Reach Binary Search tests at specified impedance
angles. Enter selected Z Angles for the test, plus an optional expected
impedance and +/– tolerance percentages for each test point. Test results
determine both Pass/Fail and the characteristic curve. Test angles can
also be entered to verify no operation in the blind zone of a directional
distance relay. Select Tools/Graph/Display Graph from the menu bar to
rerunning the test.
Use
This macro combines the reach test with the impedance curve. Use three
or four points for fast relay test, at MTA and on either side.
C-306 72A-1585 Rev. C 8/02

ProTesT User Guide
Test Tab
On the ZPXBOI Test Tab screen (Figure C.162 on page C-308):
amplitude value.
The ZPXBOI Test Tab Result fields are explained in
72A-1585 Rev. C 8/02 C-307

The ZPXBOI Test Tab screen is shown in Figure C.162.
Figure C.162 ZPXBOI Test Tab Screen
The ZPXBOI Test Tab Result fields are explained in Table C.182. The user
can enter up to 12 test angles in the table, and expected impedance.
Table C.182 ZPXBOI Test Tab Result Fields
Field Explanation
Z Angle Impedance angle for a test point. Action source

angle is calculated by ProTesT, based on the
Fault Angle entered on Action tab. Source angle
is assumed to be lagging. Only non-blank entries
are used as test points.
Expected Ohms Expected steady state impedance at Z angle.
Actual Ohms Calculated impedance test result.
Amps Actual current at pickup.
% Error Error in expected impedance.
C-308 72A-1585 Rev. C 8/02

ProTesT User Guide
Action Tab
The ZPXBOI Action Tab Conditions fields are explained in Table C.183.
Table C.183 ZPXBOI Action Tab Conditions Fields
Field Explanation

offset current.
downward ramp.
The ZPXBOI Action Tab screen is shown in Figure C.163.
Figure C.163 ZPXBOI Action Tab Screen
72A-1585 Rev. C 8/02 C-309

Sense The ZPXBOI Sense fields are explained in Table C.184.
Table C.184 ZPXBOI Sense Fields
Field Explanation

Master Instrument.
Operation Graph
The ZPXBOI Operation graph is shown in Figure C.164.
Figure C.164 ZPXBOI Operation Graph
C-310 72A-1585 Rev. C 8/02

ProTesT User Guide
Fault
The ZPXBOI Fault fields are explained in Table C.185.
Table C.185 ZPXBOI Fault Fields
Field Explanation

fault, V/2I for phase to phase, and V/I√3 for a
to phase fault, this is the angle of the vector
voltages.
72A-1585 Rev. C 8/02 C-311

Prefault Tab
The ZPXBOI Prefault Tab fields are explained in Table C.186.
Table C.186 ZPXBOI Prefault Tab Fields
Field Explanation
be modified.
C-312 72A-1585 Rev. C 8/02

ProTesT User Guide
ZPXBOV - Z Characteristic with Expected Value Binary Search Voltage -

Z ProTesTPLAN
Description
Repeated up to 12 times at specified impedance angles to determine an
impedance characteristic and Pass/Fail in one test. (Same as ZPLBOV,
except that expected values and pass/fail tolerances are offered.)
The Search algorithm begins by testing midway between the Offset
Voltage and Voltage Limit. If the relay does not operate, voltage limit is
applied. If the relay still does not operate, the test is over (recorded as
No Op, No Operation). Successive pulses are calculated based on the
results of the last pulse; i.e., the next pulse is halfway between the last
operate value and the last No Op value. When the difference between
pulse amplitudes is less than three times the ramp delta voltage, the
search stops and either a Linear Ramp or a Pulsed Ramp begins.
The ramp backs off twice the delta voltage further, then ramps for a
Operation
ZPXBOV does up to 12 Reach Binary Search tests at specified impedance
angles. Enter selected Z Angles for the test, plus an optional expected
impedance and +/– tolerance percentages for each test point. Test results
determine both Pass/Fail and the characteristic curve. Test angles can
also be entered to verify no operation in the blind zone of a directional
distance relay. Select Tools/Graph/Display Graph from the menu bar to
rerunning the test.
Use
This macro combines the reach test with the impedance curve. Use three
or four points for fast relay test, at MTA and on either side.
72A-1585 Rev. C 8/02 C-313

Notes
• Search can be from either low offset to high voltage limit, or from
elevated offset to low limit.
Test Tab
On the ZPXBOV Test Tab screen (Figure C.165):
amplitude value.
The ZPXBOV Test Tab Result Fields are explained
in Table C.187.
C-314 72A-1585 Rev. C 8/02

ProTesT User Guide
Figure C.165 ZPXBOV Test Tab Screen
Test Tab
The ZPXBOV Test Tab Result fields are explained in Table C.187. Enter
up to 12 test angles in the table, and expected impedance.
Table C.187 ZPXBOV Test Tab Result Fields
Field Explanation
Z Angle Impedance angle for a test point. Action source

angle is calculated by ProTesT, based on the
Fault Angle entered on Action tab. Source angle
is assumed to be leading. Only non-blank entries
are used as test points.
Expected Ohms Expected steady state impedance at Z angle;
optional.
Actual Ohms Calculated impedance test result.
Volts Actual voltage at pickup.
% Error Error in expected impedance.
72A-1585 Rev. C 8/02 C-315

Action Tab
The ZPXBOV Action Tab Conditions fields are explained in Table C.188.
Table C.188 ZPXBOV Action Tab Conditions Fields
Field Explanation

offset voltage.
downward ramp.
The ZPXBOV Action Tab screen is shown in Figure C.166.
Figure C.166 ZPXBOV Action Tab Screen
C-316 72A-1585 Rev. C 8/02

ProTesT User Guide
Sense The ZPXBOV Sense fields are explained in Table C.189.
Table C.189 ZPXBOV Sense Fields
Field Explanation

Master Instrument.
Operation Graph
The ZPXBOV Operation graph is shown in Figure C.167.
Figure C.167 ZPXBOV Operation Graph
72A-1585 Rev. C 8/02 C-317

Fault
The ZPXBOV Fault fields are explained in Table C.190.
Table C.190 ZPXBOV Fault Fields
Field Explanation

fault, √3V/2I for phase to phase, and V/I√3 for a
fault, this is the amplitude on the Test tab;
however, on a phase to phase fault, this is the
vector difference of the two Doble currents,
which are phase to ground quantities.
to phase fault, this is the angle of the vector
voltages.
C-318 72A-1585 Rev. C 8/02

ProTesT User Guide
Prefault Tab
The ZPXBOV Prefault Tab fields are explained in Table C.191.
Table C.191 ZPXBOV Prefault Tab Fields
Field Explanation
be modified.
72A-1585 Rev. C 8/02 C-319

C-320 72A-1585 Rev. C 8/02
Index
A
A Plan 1-3
Aborting a test B-4
Architecture 1-7
Arrow usage B-6
B
Battery simulator B-27
Baud Rate requirements 2-10
Baud rates for switch positions 2-9, A-5
Benefits 1-4
BSRHOI C-9
BSRHOV C-16
C
Changing
Passwords 2-4
Sources B-5
Variables B-6
CLOSEA C-23
Communication errors A-5
Communications port 2-10
Control panel 3-10
Control panel configuration, saving B-28
Control panel simulation 2-10
Convert
ProTesT database 3-27
ProTesT III database 3-28
Convertible voltage 3-13
CREEPF C-28
CREEPI C-33
CREEPV C-38
Current sources 3-13
D
Database conversion 3-27
Database explorer 3-1
72A-1585 Rev. C 8/02 I-1

Index
Database menu 3-4

Delete last B-18
Delta Step B-7
Diagnostic codes (F2000) A-4
DobleCol command and execution errors A-10
DRAMPI C-43
DRAMPV C-49
E
Edit menu 3-5
Edit ProTesT data 3-3
Enable sources B-4
Error messages A-1
Ethernet communication selection 2-10
Execution errors A-2
Sense source is not an Action A-2
EXTERN C-55
F
F Plan 1-3
F6000 Flash Loader 3-15
F6000 Key Code 3-15
Fault rotation B-9
FRDRMP C-59
FRRMPT C-64
G
GONGOF C-69
GONGOI C-74
GONGOV C-79
GPS satellite errors. A-8
H
Hardware requirements 2-1
Help menu 3-34
I
I Plan 1-3
Icons in toolbar 3-35
IEEE 488 Bus Communication Errors A-7
Import SS1 files 3-26
I-2 72A-1585 Rev. C 8/02

ProTesT User Guide
Indicators
Output and input B-25
Sources B-4
INDPUI C-85
INDPUV C-90
Input indicator B-25
Input sense conditions B-13
Inputs tab B-12
Installation procedure 2-1
Internal errors (F2000) A-4
IP address 2-10
L
Location tree 1-7
Logging in 2-3
Logic settings B-12
LRAMPF C-95
LRAMPI C-100
LRAMPV C-106
M
Macro menu 3-8
Macros 1-3
Macros, listed by plan 1-9
MAXTAI C-113
MAXTAV C-118
Measurement units B-24
Menu functions 1-4
Menus 3-4
Database 3-4
Edit 3-5
Help 3-34
Macro 3-8
Setup 3-9
Tools 3-9
View 3-9
Window 3-34
Multiple phasors B-10
N
Network errors (F2000) A-7
NOTEBK C-123
Notes tab B-22
72A-1585 Rev. C 8/02 I-3

Index
O
Output indicator B-25
Outputs tab B-14
P
P Plan 1-3
Password 2-4
Phase-to-Ground fault rotations B-9
Phasor diagram B-8
PHROTI C-125
PHROTV C-130
PHSFTI C-135
PHSFTV C-139
PLOTII C-143
PLOTVV C-149
POWER C-155
Power System model 3-15
PRAMPI C-157
PRAMPV C-163
Primary ohms 3-16
ProTesT
Architecture 1-7
Benefits 1-4
Description of 1-1
Macros 1-3
Macros, definition of 1-8
Menu overview and functions 1-4
Using the menus 3-4
ProTestPlans, descriptions of 1-3
R
Ramp mode B-7
Range settings B-8
RCHBOI C-169
RCHBOV C-175
RCHLRI C-183
RCHLRV C-190
RCHPRI C-196
RCHPRV C-202
Reports 3-30
Rules for
Sense delay and sense duration 6-3
I-4 72A-1585 Rev. C 8/02

ProTesT User Guide
Run time errors A-1

Action not defined A-1
Incompatible action A-1
Invalid Action Source xx, Must be (Current/Voltage) A-1
Invalid action source xx, must be (current/voltage) A-1
Missing data A-1
Phase must be action A-2
Preset not defined A-1
Sense source is not an action A-2
Source xx appears more than once A-1
S
Saving a control panel configuration B-28
Secondary ohms 3-19
Select ProTesT data 3-3
Sense assignment 6-1
Sense delay 6-2
Sense delay vs. sense duration 6-3
Sense duration 6-2
Sense input filtering 6-1
Serial communication 2-10
Set mode B-7
Set trigger logic B-19
Setup 2-6
Setup menu 3-9
Software requirements 2-1
Source and line impedance 3-16
Source configurations 3-11
Source indicators B-4
Source table B-2
Source table settings B-7
Sources, changing B-5
SSIMUL C-209
Start condition B-20
Start on source B-20
Stop condition B-20
Stop on source B-20
Switch positions at baud rates 2-9, A-5
System errors (F6000) A-12
System output B-24
T
T Plan 1-3
72A-1585 Rev. C 8/02 I-5

Index
Tabs
Inputs B-12
Outputs B-14
Timers B-15
Test plan
Definition of 1-7
TFRPLT C-215
TIMEF C-221
TIMEI C-226
TIMEPH C-231
Timer
Controls B-24
Set/reset B-21
Settings B-12
Status B-24
Timers tab B-15
TIMEV C-236
TOCPLT C-241
Toolbar commands 3-35
Tools menu 3-9
TOVPLT C-247
TPHPLT C-253
TRANS C-258
Transient waveform board errors A-9
Trigger logic, setting B-19
Triggers, definition of B-16
U
Units of measurement B-24
Using ProTesT menus 3-4
V
V Plan 1-3
Variables to change B-6
View menu 3-9
W
Waveform control diagnostics A-7
Windows menu 3-34
Z
Z Plan 1-3
ZPLBOI C-265
I-6 72A-1585 Rev. C 8/02

ProTesT User Guide
ZPLBOV C-272
ZPLLRI C-279
ZPLLRV C-286
ZPLPRI C-292
ZPLPRV C-299
ZPXBOI C-306
ZPXBOV C-313
72A-1585 Rev. C 8/02 I-7

I-8 72A-1585 Rev. C 8/02

ProTesT Users Guide

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ProTesT User Guide

Doble Engineering Company

PN 500-0220 72A-1585 Rev. C 8/02

1. Introducing ProTesT ..................................................................................1-1

2. Getting Started ..........................................................................................2-1

72A-1585 Rev. C 8/02 v

3. ProTesT Menu Commands ........................................................................ 3-1

4. Creating a Relay Test Plan ......................................................................... 4-1

vi 72A-1585 Rev. C 8/02

Selecting a Test Macro ....................................................................................................... 4-15

5. Running a Test ...........................................................................................5-1

6. Sense Input ................................................................................................6-1

72A-1585 Rev. C 8/02 vii

Appendix A. ProTesT Error Messages ............................................................A-1

Appendix B. F6000 Control Panel ................................................................. B-1

viii 72A-1585 Rev. C 8/02

Input and Output Indicators ...............................................................................................B-25

Appendix C. ProTesT Macro Reference Guide ............................................. C-1

72A-1585 Rev. C 8/02 ix

CLOSEA - Close Angle, Voltage or Current - V ProTesTPLAN ........................................... C-23

x 72A-1585 Rev. C 8/02

DRAMPI - Double Ramp Current - I ProTesTPLAN ............................................................C-43

72A-1585 Rev. C 8/02 xi

FRRMPT - Frequency Ramp, Timer Start - F ProTesTPLAN ................................................ C-64

xii 72A-1585 Rev. C 8/02

INDPUI - Inductive Pickup, Current - I ProTesTPLAN ........................................................C-85

72A-1585 Rev. C 8/02 xiii

LRAMPV - Linear Ramp, Voltage - V ProTesTPLAN ........................................................ C-106

xiv 72A-1585 Rev. C 8/02

PHROTV - Phase Rotate, Voltage - V ProTesTPLAN ........................................................C-130

72A-1585 Rev. C 8/02 xv

PLOTVV - V vs. V Differential Voltage Plot - V ProTesTPLAN ......................................... C-149

xvi 72A-1585 Rev. C 8/02

RCHBOI - Reach Binary Search, Current - Z ProTesTPLAN .............................................C-169

72A-1585 Rev. C 8/02 xvii

RCHPRI - Reach Pulsed Linear Ramp, Current - Z ProTesTPLAN .................................... C-196

xviii 72A-1585 Rev. C 8/02

TIMEF - Operating Time, Frequency - F ProTesTPLAN ....................................................C-221

72A-1585 Rev. C 8/02 xix

TOCPLT - Time Overcurrent Characteristic Plot - I ProTesTPLAN ................................... C-241

xx 72A-1585 Rev. C 8/02

ZPLBOI - Z Characteristic Plot - Binary Search Current - Z ProTesTPLAN ........................C-265

72A-1585 Rev. C 8/02 xxi

ZPLLRV - Z Characteristic Plot - Linear Ramp Voltage - Z ProTesTPLAN ......................... C-286

xxii 72A-1585 Rev. C 8/02

ZPXBOI - Z Characteristic with Expected Value Binary Search Current -

72A-1585 Rev. C 8/02 xxiii

Figure 1.1 Automated Relay Testing with ProTesT ......................................................... 1-2

72A-1585 Rev. C 8/02 xxv

Figure 5.1 Sample Test Tab ........................................................................................... 5-1

xxvi 72A-1585 Rev. C 8/02

Figure C.15 CREEPF Action Tab Screen ..........................................................................C-31

72A-1585 Rev. C 8/02 xxvii

Figure C.51 LRAMPF Test Tab Screen............................................................................. C-97

xxviii 72A-1585 Rev. C 8/02

Figure C.87 PRAMPI Action Tab Screen........................................................................C-160

72A-1585 Rev. C 8/02 xxix

Figure C.123 TIMEPH Action Tab Screen ....................................................................... C-234

xxx 72A-1585 Rev. C 8/02

Figure C.159 ZPLPRV Test Tab Screen............................................................................C-301