Science 10 Q3 Week 3

Download as pdf or txt
Download as pdf or txt
You are on page 1of 10

SCIENCE 10

THIRD QUARTER
Module 3

Most Essential Learning Competencies

Describe how the nervous system coordinates and regulates these feedback mechanisms
to maintain homeostasis (S10LT-lllc-36)

To the Learner
This module was specially designed to help you understand and apply the lesson
objectives. Read and follow the simple instructions as your guide.
1. Set a conducive learning space at home so you can focus on your studies.
2. Seek assistance from your parents or guardian to guide you in doing the activities.
3. Take down important concepts and list questions you would like to ask from your
teacher.
4. Reflect and apply the concepts that you have learned .
The Writer
Expectation

Have you ever wondered how the different systems work coordinately with one
another? Is there a specific system that acts as the leader that coordinates all the biological
processes and maintains balance within?

In this lesson, you will learn about the Nervous System. Specifically, you will:

A. describe the divisions and subdivisions of the nervous system,


B. distinguish the major functions of the nervous system: sensation, integration, and
response, and
C. describe how the nervous system coordinates and regulates these feedback
mechanisms to maintain homeostasis.

Pre Test

Directions: Read each statement carefully. Write the letter of the correct answer on the blank
provided before the number.

________1. The body system that controls and coordinates all body activities through electrical
impulse/ message between brain, spinal cord and nerves is referred to;
A. Circulatory C. Nervous
B. Endocrine D. Respiratory

________ 2. Term which describes a bundle of axons in the peripheral nervous system?
A. Ganglion B. Nerves C. Nucleus D. Tract

________ 3. The following statements describe the function of a neuron, except;


A. Carry impulses from the receptor to the brain
B. Carry impulses from the brain to the receptor
C. Translate message and send it to the effector
D. Coordinate muscle movement and posture

_________4. The maintenance of an organism’s internal environment is called:


A. balancing B. compensating C. homeostasis D. routine

________ 5. Which best describes the stimulus- response model of reaction?


1. Brain 4. Response
2. Effector 5. Stimulus
3. Receptor

A. 1-2-3-4-5 B. 1-3-4-2-5 C 1-2-4-3-5 D. 5-3-1-2-4

1
Looking Back

In the previous grades, you have studied about the coordinated functions of the
digestive, respiratory, and the circulatory system. You have learned how food is digested and
nutrients is delivered together with oxygen to maintain life. This simple activity will help you
recall those concepts and provide connection to the current topic

Direction: Name the system in the following figures and state their functions in our body.
Fill out the table with your responses.

I Know them so well!

A B C D E

https://www.google.com/search?q=Image+organ+system+worksheet+pdf&sxsrf=ALeKk01Qs8OnwUKMqdtN3D4X
WagKfpIthw:1601120428106&source=lnms&tbm=isch&sa=X&ved=2ahUKEwin6--
y3obsAhXVc94KHS6gAlcQ_AUoAXoECAwQAw&biw=1360&bih=657#imgrc=ui02XAmZ2tRePM&imgdii=7E_fkzdK_U
T40M

Name of the System Primary Function

Brief Introduction

The Nervous System is the major control system of homeostasis. It provides


monitoring, response, and regulation of all systems in the human body and other organisms.
Your nervous system has two main parts: the central nervous system (CNS), and the
peripheral nervous system (PNS).

2
The central nervous system serves as the main “processing center” for the entire
nervous system, that includes your brain and spinal cord. Your brain is the center of your
thoughts, ideas, dreams, and emotions. The peripheral nervous system includes nerves
that go from your central nervous system to all parts of your body. The basic unit of the
nervous system is the nerve cell or neuron. Neuron have dendrites and axon that aid in
transmitting the message.

ACTIVITY 1: BREAK IT
DOWN

OBJECTIVE: Identify the divisions and sub-divisions of the nervous


Direction: DIAGRAM ANALYSIS: Study the given diagram and answer the guide questions
that follow.

https://biologydictionary.net/how-does-the-nervous-system-maintain-homeostasis/

3
Guide Questions:
1. What are the 2 major divisions of the Nervous System?
2. What are the parts under the Central Nervous System (CNS)?
3. How will you differentiate the Central Nervous System (CNS) and the Peripheral
Nervous System(PNS) in terms of their functions?
4. Compare between sensory (afferent) division and motor (efferent) division in terms of
location and function.
5. Predict the scenario if one part of the nervous system fails to carry out its function
properly.

ACTIVITY 2: What’s in your Brain?

OBJECTIVE: Identify the major parts of the brain and give their function/s.
Direction: The illustration shows the part of the brain. Label the part indicated by
numbers 1 to 3.

2 1.

3
2.
1

3.

//www.pinterest.ph/pin/4011087142105636/?d=t&mt=signup:

Hint! Use the description given below as clue.

1. It connects the spinal cord and the brain.


2. The largest part of the brain, it controls intelligence, the sensory and motor
activities.
3. Second largest part of the brain, it coordinates muscle movement, posture, and
maintains equilibrium.

4
ACTIVITY 3: The Nerves!!!

OBJECTIVE: Identify and describe the parts of a neuron.

Direction: The diagram below is a nerve cell or neuron. Add the following labels and color the
diagram as suggested below. Axon – purple Dendrites – green
Cell body – blue Myelin sheath- yellow

https://www.drugabuse.gov/sites/default/files/worksheetsmod1_69.pdf

ACTIVITY 4: The Transmitter & Receiver

OBJECTIVE: Describe how the message /impulse is received and transmitted by the neurons

Direction: Arrange the correct order of process in Neurotransmission. Write 1 as the start of
the process and 5 being the last.

5
Unlock the vault!
❖ Neurotransmission is the transfer of information between neurons.
❖ Neurotransmitter is a chemical substance produce by the neurons.
❖ Nerve impulse is an electrical signal moving along a neuron.
❖ Synapse is a space between the axon of one neuron and the dendrite of another
neuron.
❖ Receptor is the receiver of message/impulse.
❖ Effector is doer of action/response

The nuerotransmitters are released from the receptor and are either
broken down or go back to the axon of the first neurons.

Once the neurotransmitters has attached to the receptor of


the second neuron, the message is passed on.

The neurotransmitters then travel across the synapse to


special place on the dendrites of the next neuron called
receptor.

The message causes the chemical, called neurotransmitters


to be released from the end of the axon into the synapse.

A message travel from the dendrites through the cell body, and
on to the end of the axon.

ACTIVITY 5: The Nervous Trip!

OBJECTIVE: Explain how the body processes are controlled through the nervous system

Direction: PICTURE ANALYSIS Study the picture showing the path of information from the
receptor (receiver of stimulus) to effector (doer of action) in the environment.

http://slideplayer.com/slide/767789 6
Guide questions:

1. What is the stimulus in the picture?


2. Which sensory organ serves as receptor?
3. How does the brain receive the information from the receptor?
4. What does the brain do as soon as it receives the information?
5. How is the message from the brain sent in response to the stimuli?
6. Which body organ is the target of the reaction?
7. What is the possible response of the effector?
8. How will you differentiate the sensory and motor neurons based on their functions?

ACTIVITY 6: The BALANCE Inside!

OBJECTIVE: Describe how feedback mechanism helps organism to maintain homeostasis.

Direction: TEXT ANALYSIS: Read and analyze the selection and answer the
questions below;

Homeostasis is one of the fundamental characteristics of living things. It refers to the


maintenance of the internal environment within tolerable limits. All sorts of factors
affect the suitability of our body fluids to sustain life; these include properties like
temperature, salinity, acidity, and the concentrations of nutrients and wastes.
Because these properties affect the chemical reactions that keep us alive, we have
built-in physiological mechanisms to maintain them at desirable levels.

When a change occurs in the body, there are two general ways that the body
can respond. In negative feedback, the body responds in such a way as to reverse
the direction of change. Because this tends to keep things constant, it allows us to
maintain homeostasis. On the other hand, positive feedback is also possible. This
means that if a change occurs in some variable, the response is to change that variable
even more in the same direction. This has a de-stabilizing effect, so it does not result
in homeostasis. Positive feedback is used in certain situations where rapid change is
desirable

Reference: Grade 10 Learners Module.


https://opentextbc.ca/anatomyandphysiology/chapter/1-5-homeostasis/

7
Guide questions:

1. Define homeostasis from the readings.


2. List some factors that show how homeostasis regulates body processes.
3. What is negative feedback? How does this relate to homeostasis?
4. How does positive feedback affects homeostasis?

Remember

• Nervous system is the control center of the body. It includes the brain, spinal cord
and nerves.
• The two main divisions of the nervous system are the Central Nervous System (CNS)
and Peripheral Nervous System (PNS).
• Central Nervous System consist of the brain and spinal cord.
• The brain is divided into three parts; the cerebrum, cerebellum and brain stem.
• Peripheral Nervous System connects the brain and spinal cord to the other body
parts.
• The basic unit of the nervous system is the nerve cell or neuron.
• Neurons have dendrites and axon that aid in transmitting message.
• Homeostasis is the state reached when each part of the body functions in
equilibrium with other parts.
• Feedback mechanism is the process through which the level of one substance
influences the level of another substance.

Check Your Understanding

Direction: Upon learning the functions of the nervous system and the importance of
homeostasis, let us now answer the following questions:

1. What would happen to a person if any of his organ will become defective?
2. Why is it important to maintain homeostasis in the body?

8
Post Test

Directions: Read each statement carefully. Write the letter of the correct answer on the blank
provided before the number.

________ 1. What functional division of the Nervous System would be responsible for the
increased of heart beat and sweating during exercise?
A. Autonomic C. Somatic
B. Parasympathetic D. Sympathetic
________ 2. The part of a neuron that transmit an electrical signal to a target cell is known
as;
A. Axon B. Cell body C. Dendrites D. Soma
________ 3. The part of the brain that controls the sensory and motor activities.
A. Cerebrum B. Cerebellum C. Brain stem D. Mid brain
_________4. If the environment gets cold, we will often shiver in order to ______
A. increase body temperature
B. decrease body temperature
C. regulate body temperature
D. keep a constant body temperature
_________ 5. Which of the following describes the function of the Peripheral Nervous System
(PNS)?
A. It connects the brain to the spinal cord
B. It connects the brain to the other parts of the body.
C. It transmits message to and from the brain and spinal cord
D. It connects the brain and spinal cord and control vital activities and reflexes.

Reflection

Direction: Write a reflective learning on this lesson by completing the following


phrases.

I used to think But now I realize


Sharing Time!!
that Nervous System …… that Nervous system….. I would like to share my
knowledge about Nervous
System…….

lazulaybar2020

You might also like

pFad - Phonifier reborn

Pfad - The Proxy pFad of © 2024 Garber Painting. All rights reserved.

Note: This service is not intended for secure transactions such as banking, social media, email, or purchasing. Use at your own risk. We assume no liability whatsoever for broken pages.


Alternative Proxies:

Alternative Proxy

pFad Proxy

pFad v3 Proxy

pFad v4 Proxy