Scribd
Upload
34 views

06 Load

This document describes a system for automatic load sharing of transformers using an Arduino microcontroller. The system monitors the load on the primary transformer and automatically switches on a standby transformer when the load exceeds a set threshold to prevent overloading. When the load decreases, the transformers alternate to avoid continuous heating of one transformer. The Arduino controls relays to switch the transformers and sends SMS alerts via GSM. This improves efficiency, increases reliability, and reduces manual intervention compared to traditional manual load sharing methods.

Uploaded by

raja mane
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
34 views

06 Load

This document describes a system for automatic load sharing of transformers using an Arduino microcontroller. The system monitors the load on the primary transformer and automatically switches on a standby transformer when the load exceeds a set threshold to prevent overloading. When the load decreases, the transformers alternate to avoid continuous heating of one transformer. The Arduino controls relays to switch the transformers and sends SMS alerts via GSM. This improves efficiency, increases reliability, and reduces manual intervention compared to traditional manual load sharing methods.

Uploaded by

raja mane
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 3

Automatic Load Sharing of Transformer using Arduino

Ms. Mayuri B. Patil1, Ms. Pooja M. Nikam2, Ms. Hemalata A. Patil3,

Mr. Alim F. Pathan4, Mr. Shubham P. Nikam5, Prof. D. D. Gavali6.


1,2,3,4,5,6
Electrical Engineering, VTC, Miraj, [India]

ABSTRACT
Transformer is basically a static device which transfers the electrical power from one circuit to
another circuit with desired change in voltage and current at constant frequency. It is only one device which
operates at highest efficiency at full load condition. But abnormal condition occurs at overloading condition
which may result in severe problem in future.
To avoid such condition we are using other standby transformer which supplies the load when
overloading occurs on main transformer unit, which switch on automatically by Arduino Microcontroller. This
will result in efficient loading of both transformers. Also when load is normal both transformers can be switched
on to supply the load alternately. This will avoid the thermal overloading of transformer. Also this arrangement
will provide proper maintenance facility for both transformers. Whenever the sharing of load on transformer
occurs, the operator gets message through the GSM. All these advantages will make this system very efficient
and reliable.
KEY WORDS – Arduino, GSM, LED, Sensor, Transformer.
1. INTRODUCTION
Transformer is a static device which transfers the electrical power from one circuit to another circuit with
desired change in voltage and current at constant frequency. Transformer is only one device which operates at
higher efficiency at full load condition. But some abnormal conditions occur at overloading conditions. Also
transformer efficiency gets reduced due to increased heating and increased losses. So it is very essential to share
this load other transformer or replace the transformer of higher rating. Later technique is not feasible
economically so the first technique is practically employed to supply load efficiently. We are employing the first
technique to supply the load efficiently and reliably.

To accomplish this requirement there is one method of manual approach. In this other transformer is connected
manually during heavy loading condition. But practically manual approach is not efficient. So we are employing
Arduino to make the switching of transformer automatically. Arduino is an automation based microcontroller
device which will automatically switch the transformer into circuit when overloading condition occur for
transformer one. Thus this will result in efficient working of both transformers. Also when load is constant both
transformers are switched on into the circuit alternately. This will avoid continuous heating of only one
transformer. This arrangement offers proper maintenance facility for both transformers. All this advantages will

107 | P a g e
make this system very efficient.

2. BLOCK DIAGRAM

2.1. CIRCUIT DIAGRAM

108 | P a g e
3.OPERATION

In the proposed system, only one transformer is operating to feed the loads. A standby transformer is connected
in parallel through a circuit breaker and relay. The current transformer continuously measures the load current
and feeds it to the Arduino. The reference value or the maximum load limit is entered by the user and priority
level of the load is also set by the user or concern authority. As the load demand increase during peak hours, a
single transformer would not be able feed all the load. During this condition, when the load demand exceeds the
reference value, the Arduino will give a control signal to energize the relay coil. Thus the stand by transformer
will be connected in parallel and share the load equally. Since the transformers are of the same ratings. Thus all
the loads are fed efficiently providing un-interrupted power supply.

When the load increases to further to a value which is greater than the capacity of the two transformers, priority
based load shedding will be implemented. The loads which have the lowest priority will be shut down by
opening the respective circuit breaker.

When the load decreases, and comes to normal working condition, first transformer will be shut down in order
to avoid thermal loading. This is done because the first transformer operates for a longer time interval than
standby transformer and its body temperature rises. By providing alternative switching the transformers can be
cooled by natural methods. This will improve the efficiency of the system.

4. CONCLUSION

Thus we conclude that this system of auto load sharing will improve system efficiency, increase
reliability and will reduce manual interference. The “Automatic load sharing of transformer using Arduino”
demo unit operates two transformers in parallel to share the load automatically with the help of change over
relay and microcontroller circuit. It protects from overloading and overheating thus providing un-interrupted
power supply to the customer.
REFERENCES
[1] Dr. J. B. V. Subrahmanyam, T. C. Subrahmanyam, T.C. Shrinivasarao, M. Kalavani and HarithaInavolu,
“Auto Control of a standby transformer using microcontroller”, International Journal of Advances in
Engineering Research, Vol. 2, Issue 5, pp. 1199-1204, 2011.
[2]S. R. Balan, P. Sivanesan, R. Ramprakash, B. Anantha Thakannan and K. MithinSubash, “GSM based
Automatic Substation Load Shedding and Sharing Using Programmable Switching Control” , Journal of
Selected Areas in Microelectronics, Volume 6, Issue 2, pp. 59-61, 2014
[3] Ashish R. Ambalkar, Nitesh M. Bhoyar, Vivek V. Badarkhe and Vivek B. Bathe, “Automatic load sharing of
transformers”, International Journal for scientific Research and Development, Volume 2, Issue 12, pp. 739-741,
2015.
[4] Rekha T. BinduPrakash, Asne. S, Dinesh. S and Nandana. S. Prasad, “An Intelligent Method for Load
Sharing of Transformers With Temperature Monitoring and Automatic Correction of Power Factor”,
International Journal of Engineering Science and Research Technology, Volume 4, Issue 3, pp. 416-421, 2015.

109 | P a g e

You might also like

pFad - Phonifier reborn

Pfad - The Proxy pFad of © 2024 Garber Painting. All rights reserved.

Note: This service is not intended for secure transactions such as banking, social media, email, or purchasing. Use at your own risk. We assume no liability whatsoever for broken pages.


Alternative Proxies:

Alternative Proxy

pFad Proxy

pFad v3 Proxy

pFad v4 Proxy