Gen-Math Presentation

GENERAL
MATHEMATHICS
1ST SEMESTER GENERAL

MATH OUTPUT
Submitted by:
Manuel Jun E.
Tresquio
Submitted to:
Ma'am Christie
Ubanan Dalleda
REPRESENTATIONS OF
FUNCTION
DEFINITION
A relation is a set of ordered pairs. The domain of a
relation is the set of first coordinates. The range is
the set of second coordinates.
The list and the set of ordered pairs below show the
same relation. Each letter is paired with a number.
The list and the set of ordered pairs below show

the same relation. Each letter is paired with a
number.
Letter Number
I 4
L 5
O 6
V 8
E 3
M 6
A 2
T 8
H 4
{ ( 1,4), (L,5), (O,6), (V,8), (E,3), (M,6), (A,2), (T,8),
(H,4)}
The domain is {I,L,O,V,E,M,A,T,H} and the
range is { 2,3,45,6,8}. Note that for each letter
there corresponds exactly one number. This is a
special kind of relation called function.
Definition
A function is a relation in which each element of the
domain corresponds to exactly one element of the range.
The members of the domain can be called inputs and the
members of the range can be called outputs. Arrows can be
used to describe correspondence in the function.
Domain Range
I 2
L 3
O 4
V 5
E 6
M 8
A
T
H
{ (1,4), (L,5), (O,6), (V,8), (E,3),(M,6),(A,2),

(T,8),(H,4)}
This relation is a function , since each
element in the domain
{I,L,O,V,E,M,A,T,H}
is assigned to one element in the range.
Even though the range element 4 is
is assigned to two elements of the
domain. I and H , it is still a function
since
each element of the domain assigned to
only one element of the range.
EVALUATION OF
FUNCTIONS
•You know that a linear function

can be written in the form
y=mx+b. By naming a linear
function f, you can also write the
function using function notation.
•
•f(x)=mx+b this is function
notation
•
•The notation f(x) is another
name for y. Remember y=f(x)
•
•Remember x is the input and f(x)
is the output.
•
•You can use letters other than f
to name a function, such as g or h.
Evaluate f(x)=2x-5 when x=-4, 0,
and 3.
f(0)=2(0)-5
f(-4)=2(-4)-5
=0-5
=-8-5
=-5
=-13
f(-4)=-13 f(0)=-5
When x=-4, f(x)=-13 When x=0, f(x)=-5

(-4,-13) (0,-5)
f(3)=2(3)-5
=6-5
=1
f(3)=1
When x=3, f(x)=1

(3,1)
FUCNTION
OPERATTION
REVIEW: WHAT IS
FUNCTION
A relationship
where every domain(x
value has exactly one
unique range (y value).
Sometimes we talk
about a FUNCTION
MACHINE, where a
rule is applied to each
input of x.
FUCNTION
OPERATTION
ADDING AND
SUBTRACTING
FUNCTION
When we look at functions we

also want to look at their domains
(valid x values). In this case, the
domain is all real numbers.
MULTIPYING FUNCTION
In this case, the domain is all

real numbers because there are no
values that will make the function
invalid.
DIVIDING FUNCTION
In this case, the domain is all

real numbers EXCEPT -1, because
x=-1 would give a zero in the
denominator.
COMPOSITE FUNCTION – WHEN YOU
COMBINE TWO OR MORE FUNCTIONS
The composition
of function g
with function is
written as
Example – Composition of Functions
METHOD 1 METHOD 2
INVERSE
FUNCTION
–A relation reversing the process
performed by any function f(x) is called
inverse of f(x).
–This means that the domain of the
inverse is the range of the original
function and that the range of the
inverse is the domain of the original
function.
–If f is a one-to-one function , then the

inverse of f denoted by f-1 is the
function formed by reversing all the
ordered pairs in f. Thus,
f-1 = {(y,x) | (x,y) is in f
From the definition , the following
properties of an inverse function
follows:
1.f-1 is a one-to-one function; f is also
one –to-one.
2.Domain of f-1 = Range of f
3.Range of f-1 = domain of f.
Example 1: Find the inverse of the
function described by the set of ordered
pairs { (0,-2),(1,0),(2,2),(3,4),(4,6)}
Solution
Switch the coordinates of each pair.
{ (0,-2),(1,0),(2,2),(3,4),(4,6)} Original
function
{ (-2,0), (0,1), (2,2), (4,3), (6,4) } Inverse
function
RATIONAL EQUATIONS AND
INEQUALITIES
DEFINITTION
Rational Expression
A rational expression can be written in
the form
A/B where A and B are polynomials and B
≠ 0.
Rational expressions are also called
algebraic fractions.
The following are rational expressions:
7/ab, (x^2-x-6)/(x+2) , and
(x^2+7x+10)/(x+5)
The following are not rational
expressions:
(5+ √ x)/x, (x^(1/2)+2)/(x+2), and x^(-3/(2
)+4)/(x-1)
RATIONAL
EQUATIONS
A rational equation is an equation that

contains one or more rational
expressions.
Some examples of rational equations are
1/x = 1/(5-x) , x + 4/x = -5, and x²/(x+1) =
1/(x+1)
EXAMPLES:
Solve for x.
a.) x/5 + 1/4 = x/2
Solution
The LCD of the denominators is 20.
20 ( x/5 + 1/4 ) = 20 ( x/(2 ) ) Multiply
both sides by the LCD , 20.
4x + 5= 10x Apply the
Distributive Property and then simplify.
5 = 6x Subtract 4x from both
sides
5/6 = x Divide both
sides by 6.
RATIONAL
EQUATIONS
A rational inequality is
composed of rational
expressions combined
with a ≤ ≥ , , <, or >
sign.
Some examples of
rational inequalities
are
1/x ≤ 7, (x+2)/(x-3) ≤ 0 ,
1/(2 ) + 2/(x^2-1) > 1, and
5/(x^2-4-5) ≥ 0.
EXPONENTIAL
FUNCTION
What is Exponential Function?

An exponential function is a
Mathematical function in the
form f (x) = ax, where “x” is a
variable and “a” is a constant
which is called the base of the
function and it should be greater
than 0. The most commonly used
exponential function base is the
transcendental number e, which is
approximately equal to 2.71828.
Exponential Function Formula
An exponential function is defined by the formula
f(x) = ax, where the input variable x occurs as an
exponent. The exponential curve depends on the
exponential function and it depends on the value of
the x.
The exponential function is an important

mathematical function which is of the form
f(x) = ax
Where a>0 and a is not equal to 1.
x is any real number.
If the variable is negative, the function is

undefined for -1 < x < 1.
Here,
“x” is a variable
“a” is a constant, which is the base of the function.
An exponential curve grows, or decay depends on

the exponential function. Any quantity that grows
or decays by a fixed per cent at regular intervals
should possess either exponential growth or
exponential decay.
LOGARITHMIC
FUNCTION
Definition
A logarithmic function is a
function of the form. which is
read “ y equals the log of x,
base b” or “ y equals the log,
base b, of x.” In both forms, x
≠
> 0 and b > 0, b 1. There are
no restrictions on y.
LAWS OF
LOGARITHMS
laws of logarithms
let b be a positive number not

equal to 1. Let x and y be any
positive number and any real
number. Then
EXPONENTIAL AND LOGARITHMIC
EQUATIONS AND INEQUALITIES
Exponential
inequalities are
inequalities that can be
written in the form abx
< k, where < can also be
>,≤ , or≥ . Logarithmic
inequalities are
inequalities that can be
written in the form
logbx < k, where < can
also be >,≤ , or≥ .
SIMPLE INEREST
Simple Interest is calculated using

the following formula: SI = P × R ×
T, where P = Principal, R = Rate of
Interest, and T = Time period.
Here, the rate is given in
percentage (r%) is written as r/100.
And the principal is the sum of
money that remains constant for
every year in the case of simple
interest.
Example
Interest, in its most simple form, is

calculated as a percent of the
principal. For example, if you borrowed
$100 from a friend and agree to repay it
with 5% interest, then the amount of
interest you would pay would just be 5%
of 100: $100(0.05) = $5.
MATURITY VALUE
Maturity value is the amount to be

received on the due date or on the
maturity of instrument/security
that investor is holding over its
period of time and it is calculated
by multiplying the principal amount
to the compounding interest which
is further calculated by one plus
rate of interest to the power which
is time ...
Example
The Maturity Value (MV) of a loan is the

sum of the principal P plus the interest I.
MV = P + I. In Example 1, Jo borrowed $2000
at an interest rate of 5%. At the end of one
year Jo owed $100 in interest. The maturity
value of the loan is MV = P + I where P =
$2000 and I = $100.
COMPOUND
INTEREST
Definition
Compound interest is the interest
calculated on the principal and the
interest accumulated over the previous
period. It is different from simple
interest, where interest is not added to
the principal while calculating the
interest during the next period. In
Mathematics, compound interest is
usually denoted by C.I.
LOGIC
Basic Mathematical
logics are a negation,
conjunction, and
disjunction. The
symbolic form of
mathematical logic is,
'~' for negation '^' for
conjunction and ' v ' for
disjunction. In this
article, we will discuss
the basic Mathematical
logic with the truth
table and examples.
LOGIC
proposition
A propositional symbol, such as
P or Q, represents a sentence
about the world, such as "It is
raining". A proposition can be
either true or false, depending
on the state of the world.
TRUTH TABLE
A truth table is a mathematical table used in

logic—specifically in connection with Boolean
algebra, boolean functions, and propositional
calculus—which sets out the functional values
of logical expressions on each of their
functional arguments, that is, for each
combination of values taken by their logical
variables.
CONJUNCTION DISJUNCTION
CONJUNCTION CONJUNCTION

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GENERAL

1ST SEMESTER GENERAL

The list and the set of ordered pairs below show

{ (1,4), (L,5), (O,6), (V,8), (E,3),(M,6),(A,2),

•You know that a linear function

When x=-4, f(x)=-13 When x=0, f(x)=-5

When x=3, f(x)=1

When we look at functions we

In this case, the domain is all

In this case, the domain is all

Example – Composition of Functions

–If f is a one-to-one function , then the

A rational equation is an equation that

What is Exponential Function?

The exponential function is an important

Where a>0 and a is not equal to 1.

x is any real number.

If the variable is negative, the function is

“a” is a constant, which is the base of the function.

An exponential curve grows, or decay depends on

let b be a positive number not

Simple Interest is calculated using

Interest, in its most simple form, is

Maturity value is the amount to be

The Maturity Value (MV) of a loan is the

A truth table is a mathematical table used in

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