Example : evaluate ∬ over the region R enclosed between y= x ,

y= √ , x= 2, and x =4 .

Solution :
y 𝟏
y= x
𝟐

y= √𝑥

x
x= 2 x =4 z

Z=xy

y
2 x=a
g2(x)
4
x =b
x
g1(x)

( )
V =∫ ∫ ( ) Type I
( )

√
V=∫ ∫ ∫ -√ ∫ . /

= - . / . /

7
 )
Example : evaluate ∬ ( , over the triangular region R enclosed
between the lines y= -x+1 , y = x+1 and y = 3

Solution :
y Z

(-2,3) (2,3)
  y=3
Z= 2x-y2

y=-x+1 y=x+1

(x=1-y) (x=y-1) (-2,3)

(0,1)

x y


y=1 (2,3)
x y=3

( )
V= ∫ ∫ ( ) Type II
( )

)
V=∫ ∫ (

=∫ -

=∫ ,*( ) )+ *( ) +-

)
=∫ (

= -2 -

=(- ) ( )

8
 3.2.4 Double Integrals in Polar Coordinate

In this section we will study double integrals in which the integrand and the region
of integration are expressed in polar coordinates

 Simple polar Region

A simple polar region in polar coordinates system is a region that is enclosed
between two rays ,and two continuous polar curves
r = r1( ) and r = r2( ) , where the equations of the rays and polar curves
satisfy the following condition :

i) ≤ 𝜷 ii)𝜷 𝜶 ≤ 𝟐𝝅 iii)0≤ 𝒓𝟏 (𝜽) ≤ 𝒓𝟐 (𝜽)

𝛉 𝛃 𝛉 𝛃

𝛃 𝛂 𝟐𝛑
r=r2( 𝜽 )
𝛉 𝛂 𝛉 𝛂
R
𝛃 R
o o
o

a b c

 Evaluation polar Double integrals

If R is a simple polar region whose boundaries are the rays
and the curves r = r1 ( ) and r = r2 ( ), and if ( ) is continuous on R , then
( )
V= ∬ ( ) ∫ ∫ ( ) ,
( )

𝛉 𝛃
𝛉 𝛃

 𝛉 𝛂 𝛉 𝛂

𝜽 𝜽

a b

9
Example : Evaluate ∬ where R is the region in the first quadrant that is
outside the circle r=2 and inside the cardioid ( ).
𝝅
𝛉
Solution : 𝟐
𝒓 𝟐(𝟏 𝐜𝐨𝐬 𝜽)
2

R
4

r =2

( )
∬ ∫ ∫ ( ) ,

⁄ ( )
=∫ ( )- ∫ , ( ) -

⁄ ⁄
=2∫ ,( ) - = , ( ) -

= 0 . /1 . /

Example :the sphere of radius (a) centered at the origin is expressed in rectangular
coordinates as and its equation in cylindrical coordinates is
. Use this equation and a polar integral to find the volume of the sphere

Solution :
Z=√𝒂𝟐 𝒓𝟐
a
r=a

R a a R
a
a
a
a

∬ (√ d =∫ ∫ √ ( )

⁄
=∫ , ( ) - ∫ -

10