The first industrial rotation was built on steam king; the second industrial rotation humans Examples of the

the Latest Technological Advancements in Education 4.0:

harnessed the new energies of petro carbons and electrical energy; the third industrial
revolution has seen information technology shrink incredible processing index from 01) 3D Printing
mainframe computers to mobile that connect individuals across
continents instantaneously. Currently, we are entering a fourth industrial years that will be Students' view is not only limited to text book pictures, by using this 3D printer,
based upon a combination of the existing and the new, and it will bring more significant students will have access to 3D models of different elements which 3D view helps
changes than everything that had gone before. For instance, traditional equipment will them to have a deeper level understanding of their subjects.
be replaced by the massive environmental equipment (Ali, 2017).
02) Augmented Reality
Education 4.0 in a way completes the phenomenon of digital integration in our everyday
lives where human beings and machines are aligned to take out solvent, troubleshoot The use of augmented reality helps students to gain their interest in learning because
and of course discover new theories of innovation. In education 4.0, information is this technology provides an indirect vision of a real-world setting. Students will get
available ubiquitously and the teaching and learning process has become dynamic. an experience of getting physical with better sensory inputs and graphics elements.

Theme: “Higher Education 4.0: Knowledge, Industry, and Humanity” 03) Virtual Reality (VR)
The theme also introduced four components that need to be emphasizing such as… This technology helps students to gain deeper engagement as compared to a
traditional textbook. They will gain visual elements and enhance the connections
First, redesigned the learning spaces with the usage of multi-tiered collaborative tables between learning concepts and information effectively.
and smart board.
04) Cloud Computing
Second, utilize diverse pedagogies such as heutagogy, pedagogy and cybergogy.
This advanced technology helps students lessen their burden to carry their home
Third, employ fluid and organic curriculum where higher learning institutions need to works, heavy text books and assignments. With internet connection, they are able
adopt the innovations without being tight by traditional curriculum practices. to access their work at home from their class anytime and anywhere.

Fourth, incorporating the usage of technological advancements in teaching and 05) Hologram
learning process.
This technology helps students to learn in real time which can be integrated into the
Other than these four components, the theme is also focusing on the concept of real environment. This technology also offers a visual and interactive learning
‘evaluation without examinations’ in which any assessments are not solely based on experience.
examinations.
06) Biometrics
Technological Advancements – can enhance the teaching and learning process and
create the interest of learners to participate I n the learning materials.
The facial recognition, fingerprints and eye tracking are helpful in easing off the class
attendance which can save time in the classroom, for security purposes and create
a better understanding of student engagement. In libraries, this technology can be
used to identify students who are borrowing books.

07) Paper-Thin Smartphone

This technology is not only durable or unbreakable but also offers interactivity in the
classroom and paperless. Paper thin smartphone operates like a small sheet of
interactive paper. This means when students are reading, they do not feel like they
are holding a sheet of glass or metal.
08) Multi-Touch LCD screen MIDTERM EXAM COVERAGE
• Industrial Revolutions 01-04
This technology presents the perfect presentation solution than the traditional big • Innovations Related to the Fourth Industrial Revolution (robot café, etc)
board in front of the classroom. Students will sit around the table tablet, swipe on • Technological Advancements (hologram, etc)
the board to manipulate and drag images around the screen, or type notes with • Read the Education 4.0 (content and experiences)
their onscreen keyboards. - Problem-Based vs Project-Based, etc.
• Intellectual Property Rights (Patent, Utility Model, Copyright, Trademark)
09) Internet of Things - Read those pages assigned to each group.
- Take note of the Law about the Intellectual Property Code of the Philippines.
The internet of things influences education specifically with the ever-growing - What does IPOPHL stand for?
popularity of mobile devices. This technology helps to establish a rapid - Protection Years of Patent, Utility Model, Copyright, Trademark
communication and interaction between the students and teachers in and outside - Learning in New Normal (Activity Sheet No. 03B)
the classroom.

10) Artificial Intelligence

This technology can accelerate the teaching and learning process and also
improve the student learning experience. It can reduce the irrelevant work that
teachers have to do every now and then, which means they can focus more on a
meaningful learning experience for the students.

11) Big Data

This technology helps the institution to manage data in which it is possible to find
evidence and can facilitate interchange of data among institutions and students.
For instance, the institutions are able to identify how well students are learning,
students’ drop out patterns, students’ academic performance or predict any
information related to attendance patterns.

12) QR-code

A Quick Response (QR) code is a digital image available from free QR scanner apps
that can be scanned using any devices such as mobile, iPad, laptop and so forth.
When the students scan the code, it will be taken directly to a website. This
technology used in the classroom can reduce the frustration of long web addresses,
be user friendly and save time which can quickly scan the QR code easily to the
website.
Eight critical characteristics in learning content and experiences have been identified to 02) Innovation and Creativity Skills: Include content that fosters skills required for
define high-quality learning in the Fourth Industrial Revolution — “Education 4.0”: innovation, including complex problem-solving, analytical thinking, creativity and
systems analysis.
Content (built-in mechanisms for skills adaptation)
Innovation, flexibility and adaptation to change have become key drivers of growth
01) Global Citizenship Skills: Include content that focuses on building awareness about and value creation in the Fourth Industrial Revolution.
the wider world, sustainability and playing an active role in the global community.
An economy’s ability to form effective innovation ecosystems largely depends on
Income inequality has increased in high-income and emerging economies over the their human capital. To productively contribute to a future economy, children must
last few decades.12 With the key drivers—including market concentration, develop the skills necessary to generate new ideas and turn those concepts into
inequality of opportunity, globalization and technological change—seemingly out viable and adoptable solutions, products and systems.
of the control of individual citizens, these trends have the potential to create a
general sense of unfairness and increase social polarization. At the same time, Skills that enable innovation include curiosity, creativity, critical thinking, problem-
human activity continues to push planetary boundaries, posing further risk to growth solving and systems analysis18—all of which are set to be in high demand in the
and equality. labour market in coming years.

While globalization and technology have been key drivers of these trends, they have The process of ideation and iteration in innovation also requires active, rather than
also created a more interdependent world, presenting an opportunity for individual passive, learning styles.
citizens to play a greater role in addressing these challenges on a global scale.
Creating future citizens that enable a more cohesive world will require school Playful learning can enable innovation skills. Structured and unstructured play
systems to focus on helping children develop a general awareness about the wider activities enable children to tap into their natural curiosity, learn through trial and
world, an understanding of the interconnectedness of global issues, and their duty error, and explore new solutions to challenges.
and agency in playing an active role in the global community.
Collaboration with people of diverse backgrounds can also help foster innovation
A sustainability lens, for example, could be incorporated into a science and skills. School enrolment and classroom grouping should consider diversity across a
technology project, and global awareness can be fostered by exploring moments range of factors, including gender, race, ethnicity, ability, sexual orientation and
in history through the perspectives of different people around the world. Global language.
citizenship education can also take place outside of the classroom through activities
such as volunteering, community service and campaigning. While innovation extends far beyond technology, digital tools can help foster these
skills. Online education and coding games can help facilitate experiences for
New communication technologies can enable global citizenship education. Virtual children that allow them to contextualize learning while channelling their creativity
classrooms and video conferencing, for example, can connect children from into creating their own online worlds. Applications such as Dassault Systèmes’
classrooms in various parts of the world, allowing them to exchange ideas and learn SOLIDWORKS, for example, can help children express themselves creatively using
about global challenges through different lenses. design and engineering.

Governments can promote global citizenship learning by setting clear national

standards.
03) Technology Skills: Include content that is based on developing digital skills, including 04) Interpersonal Skills: Include content that focuses on interpersonal emotional
programming, digital responsibility and the use of technology. intelligence, including empathy, cooperation, negotiation, leadership and social
awareness.
Technology design and programming are two of the key skills set to be in high
demand over the coming years as technology adoption continues to impact As technology continues to automate routine tasks, human-centric skills will provide
business growth. While skilled human capital is a key contributor of technological a distinct advantage over machines in the workplace. In fact, employers report
progress and adoption, economies today fall far behind the new frontier of digital leadership, social influence and emotional intelligence to be among the high-
skills demand. demand interpersonal skills of the future.

At the same time, studies suggest that public policy frameworks have not kept pace Studies show that developing these non-cognitive skills at an early age can also
with the level of innovation in most economies. It will therefore be critical that have a lasting positive impact on individual outcomes in the long term beyond
alongside the hard skills of technology design and development, children also employment, including higher wages, better health and lower chances of being
understand principles of digital responsibility. involved in crime.

Teaching methods that leverage computational thinking—combining math, Teaching methods that emphasize cultural awareness and diversity are one avenue
science and digital literacy to help students understand how to approach problems by which this learning shift can be achieved.
in the way that a computer would—can support the integration of technology skills
into school curricula. Ensuring diversity within schools and classrooms is another avenue for helping
children foster interpersonal skills. Diverse schools enable children to collaborate and
Education technology can also help foster these skills. interact with people with different perspectives, which can help them exercise more
inclusive and empathetic leadership in the future.
Enabling this shift toward technology skills will require public-private collaboration to
ensure that schools have both the infrastructure to enable digital learning and the Communication technologies that connect classrooms in various parts of the world
job market insight into the technology skills that will be most relevant to employment can support such learning.
in the future.
Governments and business can support interpersonal skills development by aligning
on and clearly defining the key competencies required for the future of work and
the future of citizenship.
Experiences (leveraging innovative pedagogies) Public-private collaboration can have a tremendous impact on shifting toward
personalization in Education 4.0. Closer cooperation between education ministries
The transition to Education 4.0 will also require learning mechanisms that more closely and education technology companies, for example, can help ensure that
mirror the future of work, and that take full advantage of the opportunities offered by innovation in this sector is channelled toward instruments that support the kind of
new learning technologies. The shifts in learning content and experiences are not personalization needed in classrooms.
mutually exclusive. Creating learning ecosystems that are personalized and self-paced;
accessible and inclusive; problem-based and collaborative; and lifelong- and student- 06) Accessible and Inclusive Learning: Move from a system where learning is confined
driven can help unlock, for example, the interpersonal and innovation skills needed for to those with access to school buildings to one in which everyone has access to
the future, much in the same way that global citizenship can help create learning that is learning and is therefore inclusive.
more inclusive. These shifts in learning experiences must be accompanied by vetted
innovative pedagogies—teaching principles and strategies that underpin learning. Some experience physical barriers, including conflict and lack of basic
infrastructure. In other parts of the world, private education has emerged as an
05) Personalized and Self-Paced Learning: Move from a system where learning is alternative to under-performing public education systems, creating new financial
standardized, to one based on the diverse individual needs of each learner, and barriers to quality learning.
flexible enough to enable each learner to progress at their own pace.
As education continues to be a key driver of social mobility and well-being, learning
In the world of work, skills disruption will require organizations to be much more agile systems must shift toward more accessible, and therefore more inclusive, methods
in delivering working and learning experiences that are tailored to the individual to ensure access to opportunity for everyone. Without such a transformation, current
needs of their workers. trends risk further exacerbating inequality.

Shifting to a more personalized and flexible model can not only help schools more Furthermore, increasing accessibility in learning today is a pathway for shaping
closely mirror the realities of work and life outside of school, but it has also proven to diverse talent pools in the future. In increasingly innovation-driven economies,
show better student outcomes. diverse talent will have positive implications for innovation and future growth.

There are multiple pathways by which personalized learning can be delivered. One Technology can help increase accessibility. Text-to-speech technology, for
approach is to reduce class sizes to enable teachers to provide more personalized example, can help students who are visually impaired and those who have difficulty
feedback— yet this seems unrealistic given that massive gaps already exist in the decoding text to access content.
teaching workforce. Many classrooms opt for a small-group approach to learning,
where most students in the classroom engage in independent learning and reading The private sector can also champion inclusive and accessible education systems
while the instructor rotates between smaller groups according to the specific skills by providing the necessary physical and digital infrastructure.
those children need. Other pathways to create choice include providing multiple
options for students to show their knowledge (such as presentation, songs, video,
etc.), using project-based learning where children choose their own focus areas,
and creating flexible physical and digital learning spaces.

Technology can also accelerate this shift in learning. Individual students can learn
by using digital courseware, such as the ones provided by Khan Academy, as the
teacher works with smaller groups. These tools also enable students to progress
through content at their own pace.

Other education technology companies help customize experiences by supporting

learning outside the classroom.

Technology can support personalization in developing economies as well.

07) Problem-Based and Collaborative Learning: Move from process-based to project- 08) Lifelong and Student-Driven Learning: Move from a system where learning and
and problem-based content delivery, requiring peer collaboration and more closely skilling decrease over one’s lifespan to one where everyone continuously improves
mirroring the future of work. on existing skills and acquires new ones based on their individual needs.

Creativity and innovation cannot be imitated. They require individuals to try solutions According to one estimate, by 2022 alone, everyone will on average need an extra
and iterate based on how well their design addresses the given challenge. In many 101 days of learning to keep pace with the changing world of work.
cases, there may be multiple solutions and designs that solve the same problem.
Such innovation can rarely occur through isolated thinking, and requires children to To realize this vision, a love of learning must be instilled in children from a young age.
work on building physical, digital or hybrid solutions together.
Notable experts have long-championed student-centred approaches, highlighting
To foster this kind of thinking, education systems will need to shift from a process- that children are naturally inclined to be curious, and student choice helps to
based, to a problem-based approach to learning. Studies show that this method activate that natural curiosity.53 Choice can be integrated into project-based
improves students’ problem-solving skills, as well as their perceptions of the learning learning approaches by providing students multiple options for projects and
environment. It enables children to feel ownership of their learning and creates a allowing them to choose their own strategies for arriving to a solution.
stronger sense of community in the classroom. Creating a love of lifelong learning will also require shifting to a system of learning for
learning’s sake, rather than for specific rewards or to pass standardized testing. While
Making this shift requires taking an open-ended, rather than single-answer, assessment is important for ensuring quality and accountability toward outcomes,
approach. It means that classrooms must enable children to try different solutions more progressive forms that incorporate student choice could be an effective way
and compare results to iterate and build on others’ ideas, rather than focusing on of taking the focus away from test scores.
identifying one correct answer. This shift will also require children to be more
collaborative as they learn to expand on and improve each other’s ideas. Activating inquiry-based and open-ended methods of teaching can also support
Problem-based learning can be implemented by assigning students collaborative lifelong learning. As children create solutions and learn to iterate and improve those
projects to create solutions to real-world challenges. Through a project-based solutions based on observation, they will be driven to learn for the sake of improving
approach, students need to research the topic and understand the various the quality of their own work, rather than to impress adults with their ability to arrive
viewpoints, ideate and design a solution, and then finally develop a prototype. at the right answer.

While not a requirement, technology can certainly facilitate collaborative, problem- Digital courseware can help facilitate learner-driven approaches by allowing
based learning approaches. Cloud-based tools, for example, can allow students to students to choose the material they would like to engage in and giving them
work on the same documents from different locations, and build on each other’s flexibility about when they want to engage in the material. Teachers can use these
work. Virtual and augmented reality can add a layer of challenge to problem- resources to engage students with learning of their choice as they pull out small
solving by transporting students to new geographies and having them solve groups for more personalized and targeted instruction.
problems in areas outside their known contexts.
Learning management systems can also help teachers keep track of the multiple
learning journeys created by student choice. If tailored to teachers’ specific needs,
these systems can provide an integrated view of student progress, lessons, projects
and next steps.

Public-private collaboration will also be key to fostering life-long learning systems. To

ensure that children can transfer their skills throughout the different phases of their
learning, for example, a shared language for skills must be created.
E-Learning - whole internet-based course or in a certain digital aspect of a Synchronous Learning - identified as educators and learners engaging in real-time
hybrid learning paradigm which takes place online through the - learners participate in discussions, raise questions, and
integration of digital tools and resources receive instant responses at live classes or online meetings
- involve live and recorded content, but not 100% online as it is (e.g., webinars) which often elicit more deeper interaction
applicable in a physical classroom or in other locations that will be - adopts a set time frame, obligating learners to participate
convenient for the students online at designated times, which at first can be
- teachers can use E-learning for large- and small-group activities, demanding for individuals with concurrent responsibilities
individualised work, flipped classroom courses, and homework - educators assume a further proactive part in directing and
assignments assisting with the teaching-learning process, thus being
especially beneficial for classes that require prompt
Online Learning - coursework primarily conducted with the internet that enables elucidation or practical assistance
interaction between students and teachers
- online learning courses are 100% online, giving students a Asynchronous Learning - permits learners to obtain the content and accomplish
remarkable level of flexibility tasks at their respective leisure via pre-recorded
- classes can have live online class sessions but never face to face discussions, written or printed materials, and multimedia
classes, it's a full online session including consultations without the tools
presence of a physical classroom for face-to-face interaction - ideal for learners or educators with hectic timetables and
- have access to a Virtual Learning Environment (VLE) that is hosted those who opt to study independently
with recorded lectures, student resources, and e-books - learners enrolled or partake in asynchronous classes
assume more accountability for overseeing their time and
-SIMILARITIES- - they are digital platforms used to facilitate education that involves leading discussions with educators or classmates when
usage of various digital technologies. required
- allow flexibility as they support remote learning, allowing students - typically easily accessible to a broader population, which
to study and learn from any location includes employed individuals and those with varying
- both call for the usage of course materials, such as textbooks or learning habits
other reading materials, in order to prepare for class
- both are technology-driven and offer chances for continual -SIMILARITIES- - promote interaction and engagement among the learners
learning while also being accessible, affordable, and flexible with the course material
- enable flexibility by adopting technology-based
instruments and materials for instruction and assessment,
supporting various learning inclinations and timetables
- both strategies seek to establish a sense of belonging in the
learning setting, thereby promoting cooperation and
encouragement between learners
- both approaches fundamentally maintain a common
objective of supporting successful and worthwhile
educational encounters.
Blended Learning - integrates the traditional in-person classroom experience
with online learning
- students attend face-to-face classes with teachers, while
online components are incorporated into the curriculum to
enrich learning
- online resources are made to complement and expand
the content covered in the classroom, not to replace in-
person class sessions

Flipped Learning - is a form of blended learning

- giving instructions and new information to students are
done online
- after the virtual session, related discussions and activities will
be given to the students during face-to-face classes

Blended Learning - allows educators to choose on which part of the lesson

should be taught in an online or in a face-to-face setting,
whichever they think would be effective for students to
have a meaningful learning experience
- students follow the same combination of virtual, and in-
person classes
- “hybrid learning” is frequently used synonymously with
“blended learning” but they hold different meanings
- The online instruction in hybrid learning serves as a
replacement to some of the in-person instruction

-SIMILARITIES- - fuse conventional face-to-face classes with online learning,

creating a multifaceted learning environment
- utilize various technological tools to provide learning
materials and offer flexibility by accommodating distance
and remote learning, which allows students to access
materials from different locations
- synchronous and asynchronous learning methods are
integrated into these approaches, catering to diverse
learning preferences and schedules
Open - focuses on educational contents or materials such as textbooks,
Educational lecture notes, assignments and tests, etc.
Resources (OER) - it is published under open licence (Creative Commons) that allows
reuse, adaptation, and sharing
- it can be of various formats such as textbooks, videos, images, and
software

Online Learning - focuses on scholarly works which are created to document new
knowledge and advanced scholarly conversation
- it is not often published under open licence which limits people
from reusing, adapting, and sharing it
- it is primarily scholarly books and journal articles

-SIMILARITIES- - are accessible anytime and anywhere

- both are cost saving because students and teachers may opt not
to buy physical versions of books
- both encourage engagement because authors and people who
want to access it can share insights and feedback