DSAEDA00034741
DSAEDA00034741
• Graphics Cards
• General DC to DC Converters ORDERING INFORMATION
See detailed ordering and shipping information in the package
dimensions section on page 13 of this data sheet.
NCP1581
POR
V CC UVLO
V BIAS
2V
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Oscillator S PWM
POR
2 2 uA Q
NCP1581
CT R
Reset Dom
2
2V 2V
Error
POR SS
Comparator
Error Amp
POR Delay LDRV
VP/EN R POR
25k FAULT
FB Q
25k
COMP S PGND
0.4V
NCP1581
2 VP/EN Dual function pin. Non inverting input to the error amplifier. Enable input.
3 NC No Connect
4 VCC This pin provides power for the internal blocks of the IC as well as powers the low side driver. A minimum
of 0.1 mF, high frequency capacitor must be connected from this pin to power ground.
5 NC No Connect
6 LDRV Output driver for low side MOSFET.
7 GND IC ground for internal control circuitry.
8 PGND Power Ground. This pin serves as a separate ground for the MOSFET drivers and should be connected to
the system’s power ground plane.
9 HDRV Output driver for high side MOSFET. The negative voltage at this pin may cause instability for the gate
drive circuit. To prevent this, a low forward voltage drop diode (e.g. BAT54 or 1N4148) is required
between this pin and Power Ground.
10 VC This pin powers the high side driver.
11 NC No Connect
12 COMP Output of error amplifier. An external resistor and capacitor network is typically connected from this pin to
ground to provide loop compensation.
13 SS Soft start. This pin provides user programmable soft−start function. Connect an external capacitor from
this pin to ground to set the start up time of the output voltage.
14 NC No Connect
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NCP1581
Table 4. ELECTRICAL SPECIFICATIONS Unless otherwise specified, VCC = VC = 12 V, 0°C < TJ < 125°C
Parameter Symbol Test Condition Min Typ Max Units
SUPPLY CURRENT
VCC Supply Current (Static) ICC(Static) VP/EN = 0 V, No Switching 1.5 3 mA
VCC Supply Current (Dynamic) ICC(Dynamic) fSW = 400 kHz, CL = 1.5 nF 10 15 mA
VC Supply Current (Static) IC(Static) VP/EN = 0 V, No Switching 0.05 0.1 mA
VC Supply Current (Dynamic) IC(Dynamic) fSW = 400 kHz, CL = 1.5 nF 9 15 mA
UNDER VOLTAGE LOCKOUT
VCC−Start−Threshold VCC UVLO (R) Supply voltage Rising 6.3 6.6 7.0 V
VCC−Stop−Threshold VCC UVLO (F) Supply voltage Falling 6.0 6.3 6.6 V
VCC−Hysteresis VCC (Hyst) Supply ramping up and down 0.2 0.3 0.4 V
Enable−Start−Threshold VP/EN UVLO (R) Supply voltage Rising 0.6 0.65 0.7 V
Enable−Stop−Threshold VP/EN UVLO (F) Supply voltage Falling 0.56 0.6 0.66 V
Enable−Hysteresis VP/EN (Hyst) Supply ramping up and down 40 mV
FB UVLO VFB UVLO FB ramping down 0.3 0.4 0.5 V
OSCILLATOR
Frequency fSW 370 400 430 kHz
Ramp Amplitude VRAMP (Note 5) 1.25 V
Min Duty Cycle DMIN VFB =1V, VP/EN = 0.8 V 0 %
Max Duty Cycle DMAX fSW = 400 kHz, VFB = 0.6 V, VP/EN = 0.8 V 83 85 95 %
ERROR AMPLIFIER
FB Input Bias Current IFB1 VSS = 3 V −0.1 −0.5 mA
FB Input Bias current IFB2 VSS = 0 V 64 mA
VP/EN Input Bias Current IVP/EN VSS = 3 V −0.1 −0.5 mA
Transconductance gm 440 1300 mmho
Input Offset Voltage VOS VP/EN = 0.8 V, VCOMP = 2.0 V −6 0 +6 mV
VP/EN Common Mode Range VCOMN (Note 5) 0.6 1.5 V
ERROR AMPLIFIER DESIGN SPECIFICATIONS
OTA output current IOTA (SINK) VFB = 1.2 V, VP/EN = 1.0 V, 100 mA
VCOMP = 2.0 V, (Note 5)
OTA output current IOTA (SOURCE) VFB = 0.8 V, VP/EN = 1.0 V, 100 mA
VCOMP = 2.0 V, (Note 5)
5. Guaranteed by Design but not tested in production.
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NCP1581
Table 5. ELECTRICAL SPECIFICATIONS Unless otherwise specified, VCC = VC = 12 V, 0°C < TJ < 125°C
Parameter Symbol Test Condition Min Typ Max Units
SOFT START
Soft Start Current ISS VSS = 0 V 12 22 32 mA
Soft Start Turn On SS (on) 1.8 2 2.2 V
OUTPUT DRIVERS
LO Drive Rise Time tr(Lo) CL = 1.5 nF (See Figure 3) 20 50 ns
HI Drive Rise Time tr(Hi) CL = 1.5 nF (See Figure 3) 30 60 ns
LO Drive Fall Time tf(Lo) CL = 1.5 nF (See Figure 3) 20 50 ns
HI Drive Fall Time tf(Hi) CL = 1.5 nF (See Figure 3) 30 60 ns
Dead Band Time tDEAD (See Figure 3) 35 45 90 ns
Adaptive DBT Level VADT 2.0 V
tr(Hi) tf(Hi)
9V
2V
tr(Lo) tf(Lo)
9V
2V
TYPICAL CHARACTERISTICS
7.00
6.90
6.80
6.70
6.60 Rising
VCC (V)
6.50
6.40
6.30 Falling
6.20
6.10
6.00
0 20 40 60 80 100 120
TEMPERATURE (°C)
Figure 4. VCC UVLO
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NCP1581
TYPICAL CHARACTERISTICS
0.70 0.50
0.48
0.68
0.46
0.66 Rising 0.44
0.42
VP/EN (V)
VFB (V)
0.64
0.40
0.62 Falling
0.38
0.60 0.36
0.34
0.58
0.32
0.56 0.30
0 20 40 60 80 100 120 0 20 40 60 80 100 120
TEMPERATURE (°C) TEMPERATURE (°C)
Figure 5. VP/EN UVLO Figure 6. FB UVLO
95 440
93 430
420
91
410
DMAX (%)
fSW (kHz)
89
400
87
390
85
380
83 370
81 360
0 20 40 60 80 100 120 0 20 40 60 80 100 120
TEMPERATURE (°C) TEMPERATURE (°C)
Figure 7. Maximum Duty Cycle Figure 8. Switching Frequency
1300 90
1200
80
1100
1000 70
gm (mmho)
Low to High
900
t (ns)
60
800
High to Low
700 50
600
40
500
400 30
0 20 40 60 80 100 120 0 20 40 60 80 100 120
TEMPERATURE (°C) TEMPERATURE (°C)
Figure 9. Error Amplifier Transconductance Figure 10. Deadtime
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NCP1581
Detailed Description
L+ ǒ V OUT
f SW @ DI Lmax
Ǔǒ 1*
V OUT
V INmax
Ǔ (eq. 2) P COND−LOWFET + I OUT 2 @ R DS(ON) @ 1 * ǒ V OUT
V IN
Ǔ (eq. 7)
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NCP1581
The MOSFET output capacitance loss is caused by the that of the body diode, and reverse recovery time (trr) should
charging and discharging during the switching process and be lower then that of the body diode. The Schottky diode’s
can be computed using Equation (9). capacitance loss can be calculated as shown in
C OSS @ V IN 2 @ f SW Equation (11).
P COSS + (eq. 9)
2 C schottky @ V IN 2 @ f SW
P C(schottky) + (eq. 11)
where COSS = CDS + CGS. 2
Some power dissipation is caused by the reverse recovery
Adaptive Deadtime
charge in the low side MOSFET body diode, which conducts
The NCP1581 includes voltage mode adaptive dead time
at dead time. This charge is needed to close the diode. The
feature. This block waits for full turn off of the one of
current from the input power supply flows through the high
MOSFETs before the second one can be turned on.
side MOSFET to the low side MOSFET body diode. This
Detection is based on driver voltage, when this voltage drops
power dissipation can be calculated using the following
below VADT second driver can be turned on. There is fixed
Equation (10):
time tDEAD between turn off detection and internal logical
P QRR + Q RR @ V IN @ f SW (eq. 10) turn on signal that increase safety. There can’t be used
QRR is the diode recovery charge as given in the additional gate resistors due to voltage base detection,
manufacturer’s datasheet. For some types of MOSFETs, this because these resistors would create voltage divider with
dissipation may be dominant at high input voltages. It is driver’s pull down transistor and correct turn off detection
necessary to take care when selecting a MOSFET. An is impossible. Gate resistors may be used only if MOSFETs
external Schottky diode across the low side MOSFET can be turn off time is at all operation conditions shorter than
used to eliminate the reverse recovery charge power loss. tDEAD. MOSFETs’ timing diagram can be seen at Figure 11.
The Schottky diode’s forward voltage should be lower than
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NCP1581
tDEAD tDEAD
High Side
Logic
Signal
Low Side
Logic
Signal
HDRV
VADT
LDRV
VADT
t d (on ) tf
R DSmax
High Side
MOSFET
R DS
R DS (ON )min
tr t d (off )
tr tf
R DSmax
Low Side
MOSFET
R DS
R DS (ON )min
t d (on ) t d (off)
Soft Start means that the NCP1581 is in a shutdown state. The SS pin
The soft start time is set by a capacitor connected between voltage (0 V to 2 V) controls the internal current source
the SS pin and ground. This function is used for controlling (64 mA to 0 mA) with a negative linear characteristic. This
the output voltage slope and limiting start-up currents. The current source injects current into the resistor (25 kW)
start-up sequence initiates when the Power On Ready (POR) connected between the FB pin and the negative input of the
internal signal rises to logic level high. That means the error amplifier and into the external feedback resistor
supply voltage and VP/EN voltage are over the set thresholds. network. Voltage drop on these resistors is over 1.6 V, which
The soft start capacitor is charged by a 22 mA current source. is enough to force the error amplifier into a negative
If POR is low, the SS pin is internally pulled to GND, which saturation state and to block switching.
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NCP1581
When the soft start pin reaches around 1.2 V (exact value The soft start time must be at least 10 times longer than the
depends on feedback and compensation network and on the time needed to charge the compensation network from the
soft start capacitor; a larger soft start capacitor and a lower output of the error amplifier. If the soft start time is not long
compensation capacity decrease this level), the IC starts enough, the soft start sequence would be faster than the
switching. The impact of the controlled current source charging compensation network and the IC would start
decreases and the output voltage starts to rise. When the soft without slowly increasing the output voltage. The soft start
start capacitor voltage reaches 2 V, the output voltage is at capacitance can be calculated using Equation 12:
nominal value. C SS + 22 @ 10 −6 @ T SS (eq. 12)
VCC = VC
VIN
VP_EN
POR
3V
VSS 2V
1V
0V
VOUT
64 mA
Internal IFB
Vneg_error_amp >1.6 V
VP/EN
VP/EN
VFB
0V
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NCP1581
Vout
3V
VSS
2V
1V
VLDRV
VHDRV
VCC or
VP/EN
Threshold
Vout
Output
shorted
VSS
VLDRV
VHDRV
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NCP1581
RFB1
R1
R1
*Optional CFB1
− RC1 CC1
OTA
+
VP/EN
RC1 −
R2 OTA
CC2* +
CC1 R2 VP/EN
Figure 15. PI compensation (Type II) Figure 16. PID Compensation (Type III)
There are two methods to select the zeros and poles of the
2 @ p @ f 0 @ L @ V RAMP @ V OUT
R C1 + compensation network. The first one (method I) is usable for
ESR @ V IN @ V PńEN @ gm tantalum output capacitors, which have a higher ESR than
C C1 + 1 ceramics, and its zeros and poles can be calculated as shown
0.75 @ 2 @ p @ f P0 @ R C1 below:
(eq. 15)
C C2 + 1 f Z1 + 0.75 @ f P0
p @ R C1 @ f SW
f Z2 + f P0
V OUT * V PńEN (eq. 16)
R1 + @ R2 f P2 + f Z0
V PńEN
f SW
VRAMP is the peak-to-peak voltage of the oscillator ramp, f P3 +
2
and gm is the transconductance error amplifier gain.
Capacitor CC2 is optional.
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NCP1581
The second one (method II) is for ceramic capacitors: The remaining calculations are the same for both
methods.
f Z2 + f 0 @ Ǹ 1 * sin q max
1 ) sin q max 2
R C1 uu gm
f P2 + f 0 @ Ǹ 1 ) sin q max
1 * sin q max
(eq. 17)
C C1 + 1
2 @ p @ f Z1 @ R C1
C C2 + 1
f Z1 + 0.5 @ f Z2 (eq. 18)
2 @ p @ f P3 @ R C1
f P3 + 0.5 @ f SW 2 @ p @ f 0 @ L @ V RAMP @ C OUT
C FB1 +
V IN @ R C1
R FB1 + 1
2 @ p @ C FB1 @ f P2
R1 + 1 * R FB1
2 @ p @ C FB1 @ f Z2
V PńEN
R2 + @ R1
V OUT * V PńEN
To check the design of this compensation network, the
following equation must be true:
R1 @ R2 @ R FB1 1 (eq. 19)
u gm
R1 @ R FB1 ) R2 @ R FB1 ) R1 @ R2
If it is not true, then a higher value of RC1 must be selected.
ORDERING INFORMATION
Device Package Shipping†
NCP1581DR2G SOIC−14 2500 / Tape & Reel
(Pb−Free)
†For information on tape and reel specifications, including part orientation and tape sizes, please refer to our Tape and Reel Packaging
Specifications Brochure, BRD8011/D.
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NCP1581
PACKAGE DIMENSIONS
SOIC−14
CASE 751A−03
NOTES:
ISSUE J 1. DIMENSIONING AND TOLERANCING PER
−A− ANSI Y14.5M, 1982.
2. CONTROLLING DIMENSION: MILLIMETER.
14 8 3. DIMENSIONS A AND B DO NOT INCLUDE
MOLD PROTRUSION.
4. MAXIMUM MOLD PROTRUSION 0.15 (0.006)
PER SIDE.
−B− P 7 PL
5. DIMENSION D DOES NOT INCLUDE
DAMBAR PROTRUSION. ALLOWABLE
0.25 (0.010) M B M DAMBAR PROTRUSION SHALL BE 0.127
(0.005) TOTAL IN EXCESS OF THE D
DIMENSION AT MAXIMUM MATERIAL
1 7 CONDITION.
G MILLIMETERS INCHES
R X 45 _ F DIM MIN MAX MIN MAX
C A 8.55 8.75 0.337 0.344
B 3.80 4.00 0.150 0.157
C 1.35 1.75 0.054 0.068
D 0.35 0.49 0.014 0.019
−T− F 0.40 1.25 0.016 0.049
K M J
SEATING D 14 PL G 1.27 BSC 0.050 BSC
PLANE J 0.19 0.25 0.008 0.009
0.25 (0.010) M T B S A S K 0.10 0.25 0.004 0.009
M 0_ 7_ 0_ 7_
P 5.80 6.20 0.228 0.244
R 0.25 0.50 0.010 0.019
SOLDERING FOOTPRINT*
7X
7.04 14X
1.52
1
14X
0.58
1.27
PITCH
DIMENSIONS: MILLIMETERS
*For additional information on our Pb−Free strategy and soldering
details, please download the ON Semiconductor Soldering and
Mounting Techniques Reference Manual, SOLDERRM/D.
ON Semiconductor and are registered trademarks of Semiconductor Components Industries, LLC (SCILLC). SCILLC reserves the right to make changes without further notice
to any products herein. SCILLC makes no warranty, representation or guarantee regarding the suitability of its products for any particular purpose, nor does SCILLC assume any liability
arising out of the application or use of any product or circuit, and specifically disclaims any and all liability, including without limitation special, consequential or incidental damages.
“Typical” parameters which may be provided in SCILLC data sheets and/or specifications can and do vary in different applications and actual performance may vary over time. All
operating parameters, including “Typicals” must be validated for each customer application by customer’s technical experts. SCILLC does not convey any license under its patent rights
nor the rights of others. SCILLC products are not designed, intended, or authorized for use as components in systems intended for surgical implant into the body, or other applications
intended to support or sustain life, or for any other application in which the failure of the SCILLC product could create a situation where personal injury or death may occur. Should
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