Major Harappan Sites and Their Excavators

Major Harappan Sites and their Excavators
Name of site- Harappa • Three different cultural layers-Indus, Jhukar

Year of Excavation-1921 and Jhangar.
Excavator -Daya Ram Sahni
Montgomery district of Punjab (Now in Pakistan) on Name of site -Amri
the left bank of Ravi river Year of Excavation -1935
• City followed grid planning. Excavator -NG Majumdar
• Two rows of six granaries. Situated in Sindh on the bank of Indus
• Dancing Natraja (stone) • Evidence of antelope.
• Only place having evidences of coffin burial.
Name of site -Kalibangan
• no. of Cemetery H and cemetery R - 37.
Year of Excavation -1953
Excavator -A Ghosh
Name of site -Mohenjo-Daro Situated in Rajasthan on the left bank of Ghaggar
Year of Excavation -1922 • Shows both Pre-Harappan and Harappan phase.
Excavator -RD Banerjee
a
• Evidence of Furrowed land.
Larkana district in Sindh on the right bank of Indus • Evidence of seven fire altars and camel bones.
(Now in Pakistan) • Many houses had their own well.
• City followed grid planning. • Kalibangan stands for black bangles.
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•
•
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massacre.
dr
A large granary, great bath and a collage.
Human skeleto ns showing in vasion and
Evidence of horse comes iron superficial level.

A piece of woven cotton along with spindle
whorls and needles.
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Evidence of wooden furrow.
Evidence of two types of burials
(i) Burials in a rectangular grave and
(ii) Burials in a circular grave.
Name of site -Kot Diji

en
• A bearded man in steatite and a bronze dancing Year of Excavation -1953
girl are found. Excavator -Razal Ahmed
• Town was flooded more than seven times. Situated on the left bank of Indus
• A seal representing Mother Goddess with a plant • Wheel made painted pottery.
growing from her wombe and a woman to be • Trace of a defensive wall and well aligned streets.
sacrificed by a man with a knife. • Knowledge of metallurgy, artistic toys etc.
ar
• Five figurines of mother Goddess discovered.

Name of site -Sutkagendor
Year of Excavation -1927
Excavator -RL. Stein Name of site -Rangpur
Situated in Baluchistan on Dask river Year of Excavation -1953
• Trade point between Harappa and Babylon, to Excavator -MS Vats, BB Lal and SR Rao
H
mature phase. Situated on the left bank of Mahar river (Gujarat)

• Citadel was fortified, Evidence of horse • Rice was cultivated
Name of site -Chanhudaro Name of site -Ropar

Year of Excavation -1931 Year of Excavation -1953
Excavator -N Gopal Majumdar, Mackey Excavator -YD Sharma
Situated in Sindh on the bank of left Indus Situated in Punjab on the banks of Sutlej
• The city has no citadel. • Evidence of burying a dog below the human
• Famous for bead makers shop. burial.
• A small pot, possibly an inkpot. • One example of rectangular mud rick chamber
• Foot prints of a dog chasing a cat. was noticed.
• Evidence of copper or bronze tools of carts with • F ivefold cultu re– Harappan , PG W, NBP,
seated drivers. Kushana-Gupta and Medieval.
Harendra Classes [1]

Name of site - Lothal • The mounds rise to the height of about 9.7 m
Year of Excavation- 1953 and are spread 2.8 sq. hectare of area. Beads
Excavator- SR Rao manufactures and shale’s industry.
• A tiled floor which bears intersecting design of
circles.
• Remains of rice husk (other than Rangpur). Name of site - Dholavira
• Evidence of horse from a terracotta figurine. Year of Excavation- 1985-90
• A ship designed on a seal. Excavator- RS Bisht
• Beads and trade ports. A Terracotta ship. Situated in Rann of Kutch (Gujarat)
• An instrument for measuring angles, pointing to • Seven cultural stages. Latest site to be discovered
modern days compass. • Remains of horse.
• Houses with entrances on the main street a • Largest site.
unique feature as the houses of all other • Three parts of city are citadel, middle twon and
Harappan cities had side entries. Lenten town
• First man-made port in the world and a dock. • Unique water management.
• Evidence of joint burial.
• A jar depicting scene from the story ‘cunning fox’
Name of site - Rakhigarhi
of Panchatantra.
a
Year of Excavation- 1963
Excavator- Prof Surajbhan
Name of site - Alamgirpur Drishdavati (Hissar district Haryana) on Ghaggar river
Year of Excavation- 1958 • Two distinct cultures i.e., early Harappan and
Excavator- YD Sharma
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•
dr
Situated in Meerut on the bank of Hindon River
The impression of cloth on a trough is discovered.
Usually considered to be Eastern boundary of
the Indus culture.
•
mature Harappan.
One of the largest Harappan site provincial
capital.
Smart Facts :
en
• Until 1920s. Indian History began with the
Name of site - Surkotada advent of Aryans, as no information was available
Year of Excavation- 1964 to reconstruct the history of India before that.
Excavator- JP Joshi • The efforts of the Indian Archaeologist of the first half
Situated in Kutch (Bhuj) (Gujarat)
of the 20th Century have pushed back the starting
• Bones of horse, bead making shops.
point of the study of Indian History.
ar
• The earliest recorded reference to the civilisaiton

Name of site - Banawali is given by Charles Masson, who visited the site
Year of Excavation- 1974 Harappa in 1826 and wrote about a running brick
Excavator- RS Bisht castle but its significance was not realized until
Situated in Hissar (Haryana) much later.
• A jar depicting scene from the story cunning fox • In 1857, the British Authorities used Harappan
bricks in the construction of East Indian Railway
H
of panchatantra.
• Show both Pre-Harappan and Harappan phase. line connecting Karachi and Lahore.
• Good quantity of barley found here. • In 1912, Harappan seals with then unknown
• Pottery. symbols were discovered by J Fleet which trigged
an excavation campaign under Sir John Marshall
Name of site - Balakot in (1921-22), resulting in the discovery of a
Year of Excavation- 1963 - 76 hitherto unknown civilization by Dayaram Sahni.
George F Dales Situated in the Arabian Sea By 1931, much of Mohenjo-Daro was excavated,
• Re main o f Pre-Harappan an d Harappan but minor campaigns continued, such as that
Civilisation. led by Mortimer Wheeler in 1950.
[2] Harendra Classes

Major Harappan Sites and Their Excavators

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Major Harappan Sites and their Excavators

Name of site- Harappa • Three different cultural layers-Indus, Jhukar

Evidence of horse comes iron superficial level.

Name of site -Kot Diji

• Five figurines of mother Goddess discovered.

mature phase. Situated on the left bank of Mahar river (Gujarat)

Name of site -Chanhudaro Name of site -Ropar

Harendra Classes [1]

• The earliest recorded reference to the civilisaiton

[2] Harendra Classes

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