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    Dareja Prins.pdf (19)

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    Dareja Prins.pdf (19)

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    Dareja Prins.pdf (19)

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    Present Tense – Irregular Verbs with Middle “a” Morocco • 61

    st
    1 Category: Long “a” Becomes Long “u”

    Remember, here we are dealing with 3-letter verbs with a (‫ )ا‬in the middle. The long vowel a (‫)ا‬
    changes to the long vowel u (‫)و‬, with the same prefixes and suffixes as regular verbs in the present
    tense.
    “to say” gal ‫گال‬

    I say kan-gul ‫َك نگول‬

    you say (masc. sing.) kat-gul ‫َك تگول‬

    you say (fem. sing.) kat-guli ‫َك تگولي‬

    he says kay-gul ‫َك يگول‬

    she says kat-gul ‫َك تگول‬

    we say kan-gulu ‫َك نگولو‬

    you say (plur.) kat-gulu ‫َك تگولو‬

    they say kay-gulu ‫َك يگولو‬

    Verbs like “gal”


    to be kan ‫كان‬ to pass fat ‫فات‬

    to blame lam ‫الم‬ to see shaf ‫شاف‬

    to die mat ‫مات‬ to swim 3am ‫عام‬

    to drive / ride Sag ‫صاگ‬ to taste daq ‫داق‬

    to fast Sam ‫صام‬ to throw la7 ‫الح‬

    to melt dab ‫داب‬ to turn Dar ‫ضار‬

    ‫ازر‬
    to pass daz ‫داز‬ to visit zar

    Some examples:
    Muslims fast Ramadan every l-muslmin kay-Sumu rmdan kul ‫المسلمين كيصومو رمضان‬
    .‫ُكل عام‬
    year. 3am.
    Lisa swims well. Lisa kat-3um mzyan. .‫ليسا َك تعوم مزيان‬
    This driver doesn’t drive well. had sh-shifur ma-kay-Sug-sh mzyan. .‫َﻫد الشيفور ما صاك مزيان‬

    When the verb “to be,” kan(‫ ) كان‬is conjugated in the present tense, it expresses a habitual action or
    activity, not a current state or condition.
    Where are you (every) Saturday fin kat-kun nhar s-sbt f l- ‫فين َك تكون نهار السبت ف‬
    afternoon? 3shiya? ‫العشّية؟‬
    In order to express current states or conditions, use independent pronouns with adjectives or nouns
    ‫كان‬
    (see page 7) or use the participles of kan () (see page 36). You have already learned both!
    62 • Moroccan Arabic

    Exercise: Describe in the present tense the following activities.


    shnu kay-dir / kat-dir / kay-diru? / ‫ َك تدير‬/ ‫شنو َك يدير‬
    hiya katsug huwa kayshuf huwa kaylu7 ‫َك يديرو؟‬

    huma
    kaysugo

    kay tsnna hiya kat3um


    nd
    2 Category: Long “a” Becomes Long “i”
    In this category, the long vowel a (‫ )ا‬in the middle of the verb changes to the long vowel i (‫(ي‬, with the
    same prefixes and suffixes as regular verbs in the present tense.

    “to bring” jab ‫جاب‬

    I bring kan-jib ‫َك نجيب‬

    you bring (masc. sing.) kat-jib ‫َك تجيب‬

    you bring (fem. sing.) kat-jibi ‫َك تجيبي‬

    he brings kay-jib ‫َك يجيب‬

    she brings kat-jib ‫َك تجيب‬

    we bring kan-jibu ‫َك نجيبو‬

    you bring (plur.) kat-jibu ‫َك تجيبو‬

    they bring kay-jibu ‫َك يجيبو‬

    Verbs like “jab”


    to add zad ‫زاد‬ to fly Tar ‫طار‬

    to be absent ghab ‫غاب‬ to leak sal ‫سال‬

    to be cooked Tab ‫طاب‬ to wake up faq ‫فاق‬

    to do / make dar ‫دار‬ Sell ba3 ‫باع‬

    to fall Ta7 ‫طاح‬ to touch qas ‫قاس‬

    to trust Taq ‫تاق‬

    Some examples:

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