DETECTION OF FUNCTIONAL GROUP

1. AIM OF THE EXPERIMENT: Detection of functional group in the given organic sample.
2. MATERIALS REQUIRED : CCl4, Br2 water, NaHCO3, FeCl3, CAN, 2,4-DNP, Tollens reagent, Sodium Nitroprusside, conc. HCl, CHCl3,
alc KOH
3. PROCEDURE

SL. EXPERIMENT OBSERVATION INFERENCE

N
O
1 Test for unsaturation: 1 ml of organic sample is dissolved in 3 ml CCl4. Br2 Brown colour of bromine No unsaturation
water is added dropwise. is not discharged present
2 Test for carboxylic group: A pinch of NaHCO3 is added to 2 ml organic sample Effervescence is observed Carboxylic group
in a test tube present
3 Test for phenolic group: 1 ml of organic compound is added to 3 ml neutral No green or violet colour Phenolic group
FeCl3 solution in a testtube observed absent
4 Test for Alcoholic group: To 2 ml of organic compound in a testtube few No appearance of red or Alcoholic group
drops of Cerric Ammonium nitrate is added and shaken well pink colour absent
5 Test for Carbonyl group: 1 ml of organic compounds is mixed with 3 ml 2,4- No orange yellow ppt seen Carbonyl group
DNP in a test tube absent
6 Test for amino group group: To a small amount of organic compound in No offensive smelling gas Amino group is
testtube 1 ml of conc. HCl and a few drops of CHCl3 is added. 2 ml of alc KOH is evolved absent
solution is added and warmed the testtube

4. CONCLUSION: The given organic compound has –COOH as functional group.

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1. AIM OF THE EXPERIMENT: Detection of functional group in the given organic sample.
2. MATERIALS REQUIRED : CCl4, Br2 water, NaHCO3, FeCl3, CAN, 2,4-DNP, Tollens reagent, Sodium Nitroprusside, conc. HCl, CHCl3,
alc KOH
3. PROCEDURE

SL. EXPERIMENT OBSERVATION INFERENCE

N
O
1 Test for unsaturation: 1 ml of organic sample is dissolved in 3 ml CCl4. Br2 Brown colour of bromine No unsaturation
water is added dropwise. is not discharged present
2 Test for carboxylic group: A pinch of NaHCO3 is added to 2 ml organic sample No Effervescence is Carboxylic group
in a test tube observed absent
3 Test for phenolic group: 1 ml of organic compound is added to 3 ml neutral No green or violet colour Phenolic group
FeCl3 solution in a testtube observed absent
4 Test for Alcoholic group: To 2 ml of organic compound in a testtube few Appearance of red colour Alcoholic group
drops of Cerric Ammonium nitrate is added and shaken well present
5 Test for Carbonyl group: 1 ml of organic compounds is mixed with 3 ml 2,4- No orange yellow ppt seen Carbonyl group
DNP in a test tube absent
6 Test for amino group group: To a small amount of organic compound in No offensive smelling gas Amino group is
testtube 1 ml of conc. HCl and a few drops of CHCl3 is added. 2 ml of alc KOH is evolved absent
solution is added and warmed the testtube
4. CONCLUSION: The given organic compound has –OH as functional group.

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1. AIM OF THE EXPERIMENT: Detection of functional group in the given organic sample.
2. MATERIALS REQUIRED : CCl4, Br2 water, NaHCO3, FeCl3, CAN, 2,4-DNP, Tollens reagent, Sodium Nitroprusside, conc. HCl, CHCl3,
alc KOH
3. PROCEDURE

SL. EXPERIMENT OBSERVATION INFERENCE

N
O
1 Test for unsaturation: 1 ml of organic sample is dissolved in 3 ml CCl4. Br2 Brown colour of bromine Unsaturation
water is added dropwise. is discharged present
2 Test for carboxylic group: A pinch of NaHCO3 is added to 2 ml organic sample No Effervescence is Carboxylic group
in a test tube observed absent
3 Test for phenolic group: 1 ml of organic compound is added to 3 ml neutral Violet colour is observed Phenolic group
 FeCl3 solution in a testtube present
4 Test for Alcoholic group: To 2 ml of organic compound in a testtube few No appearance of red or Alcoholic group
drops of Cerric Ammonium nitrate is added and shaken well pink colour present
5 Test for Carbonyl group: 1 ml of organic compounds is mixed with 3 ml 2,4- No orange yellow ppt seen Carbonyl group
DNP in a test tube absent
6 Test for amino group group: To a small amount of organic compound in No offensive smelling gas Amino group is
testtube 1 ml of conc. HCl and a few drops of CHCl3 is added. 2 ml of alc KOH is evolved absent
solution is added and warmed the testtube
4. CONCLUSION: The given organic compound has Phenol as functional group.

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1. AIM OF THE EXPERIMENT: Detection of functional group in the given organic sample.
2. MATERIALS REQUIRED : CCl4, Br2 water, NaHCO3, FeCl3, CAN, 2,4-DNP, Tollens reagent, Sodium Nitroprusside, conc. HCl, CHCl3,
alc KOH
3. PROCEDURE

SL. EXPERIMENT OBSERVATION INFERENCE

N
O
1 Test for unsaturation: 1 ml of organic sample is dissolved in 3 ml CCl4. Br2 Brown colour of bromine No unsaturation
water is added dropwise. is not discharged present
2 Test for carboxylic group: A pinch of NaHCO3 is added to 2 ml organic sample No Effervescence is Carboxylic group
in a test tube observed absent
3 Test for phenolic group: 1 ml of organic compound is added to 3 ml neutral No green or violet colour Phenolic group
FeCl3 solution in a testtube observed absent
4 Test for Alcoholic group: To 2 ml of organic compound in a testtube few No appearance of red or Alcoholic group
drops of Cerric Ammonium nitrate is added and shaken well pink colour absent
5 Test for Carbonyl group: 1 ml of organic compounds is mixed with 3 ml 2,4- Orange yellow ppt seen Carbonyl group
DNP in a test tube present (may be
aldehyde or ketone)
a) Test for aldehyde: A small amount of organic compound is taken in a Greyish ppt. is observed Aldehyde group
testtube to it added Tollen’s reagent and kept in a water bath present
b) Test for ketone: To 1 ml of sodium nitroprusside few drops of NaOH is No red colouration Ketone group absent
added. Then a small amount of organic sample is added to the mixture and
mixed well
6 Test for amino group group: To a small amount of organic compound in No offensive smelling gas Amino group is
testtube 1 ml of conc. HCl and a few drops of CHCl3 is added. 2 ml of alc KOH is evolved absent
solution is added and warmed the testtube
4. CONCLUSION: The given organic compound has –CHO as functional group
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1. AIM OF THE EXPERIMENT: Detection of functional group in the given organic sample.
2. MATERIALS REQUIRED : CCl4, Br2 water, NaHCO3, FeCl3, CAN, 2,4-DNP, Tollens reagent, Sodium Nitroprusside, conc. HCl, CHCl3,
alc KOH
3. PROCEDURE

SL. EXPERIMENT OBSERVATION INFERENCE

N
O
1 Test for unsaturation: 1 ml of organic sample is dissolved in 3 ml CCl4. Br2 Brown colour of bromine No unsaturation
water is added dropwise. is not discharged present
2 Test for carboxylic group: A pinch of NaHCO3 is added to 2 ml organic sample No Effervescence is Carboxylic group
in a test tube observed absent
3 Test for phenolic group: 1 ml of organic compound is added to 3 ml neutral No green or violet colour Phenolic group
FeCl3 solution in a testtube observed absent
4 Test for Alcoholic group: To 2 ml of organic compound in a testtube few No appearance of red or Alcoholic group
drops of Cerric Ammonium nitrate is added and shaken well pink colour absent
5 Test for Carbonyl group: 1 ml of organic compounds is mixed with 3 ml 2,4- Orange yellow ppt seen Carbonyl group
DNP in a test tube present (may be
aldehyde or ketone)
a) Test for aldehyde: A small amount of organic compound is taken in a No Greyish or brown ppt. Aldehyde group
testtube to it added Tollen’s reagent and kept in a water bath is observed absent
b) Test for ketone: To 1 ml of sodium nitroprusside few drops of NaOH is Red colouration is Ketone group
added. Then a small amount of organic sample is added to the mixture and observed present
mixed well
6 Test for amino group group: To a small amount of organic compound in No offensive smelling gas Amino group is
testtube 1 ml of conc. HCl and a few drops of CHCl3 is added. 2 ml of alc KOH is evolved absent
 solution is added and warmed the testtube
4. CONCLUSION: The given organic compound has ketone as functional group