Scribd Logo
Upload

Welcome to Scribd!

  • 23 views

    3 Modernism

    Uploaded by

    Nuha Haydar
    Modern architecture emerged in the early 20th century in response to new materials, technologies, and the changing urban landscape brought on by industrialization. Key characteristics of modern architecture included simplified geometric forms, rejection of ornamentation, and use of new materials like glass, steel, and concrete. Pioneers like Victor Horta and Antoni Gaudi experimented with new structural approaches and organic forms that broke from traditional styles. Their work helped establish Art Nouveau and laid the foundations for modern architecture.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd

    3 Modernism

    Uploaded by

    Nuha Haydar
    23 views20 pages
    Modern architecture emerged in the early 20th century in response to new materials, technologies, and the changing urban landscape brought on by industrialization. Key characteristics of modern architecture included simplified geometric forms, rejection of ornamentation, and use of new materials like glass, steel, and concrete. Pioneers like Victor Horta and Antoni Gaudi experimented with new structural approaches and organic forms that broke from traditional styles. Their work helped establish Art Nouveau and laid the foundations for modern architecture.

    Original Title

    3-modernism-

    Copyright

    © © All Rights Reserved

    Available Formats

    PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd

    Did you find this document useful?

    Is this content inappropriate?

    Modern architecture emerged in the early 20th century in response to new materials, technologies, and the changing urban landscape brought on by industrialization. Key characteristics of modern architecture included simplified geometric forms, rejection of ornamentation, and use of new materials like glass, steel, and concrete. Pioneers like Victor Horta and Antoni Gaudi experimented with new structural approaches and organic forms that broke from traditional styles. Their work helped establish Art Nouveau and laid the foundations for modern architecture.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    23 views20 pages

    3 Modernism

    Uploaded by

    Nuha Haydar
    Modern architecture emerged in the early 20th century in response to new materials, technologies, and the changing urban landscape brought on by industrialization. Key characteristics of modern architecture included simplified geometric forms, rejection of ornamentation, and use of new materials like glass, steel, and concrete. Pioneers like Victor Horta and Antoni Gaudi experimented with new structural approaches and organic forms that broke from traditional styles. Their work helped establish Art Nouveau and laid the foundations for modern architecture.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    You are on page 1of 20

    What is MODERNITY ?

    •it means present, or current, implying as its opposite the notion of earlier, of what
    is past.

    •A second meaning of the word is the new, as opposed to the old.

    Birth of Modern Architecture

    •New materials, technology & needs were


    drastically changing the profession of
    architecture.
    •Breaking free from ancient Greek & Roman
    Prototypes (rejection of the traditional neoclassical architecture)
    •The changing face of the growing cityscape.
    •The rise of skyscrapers.
    •America comes into focus as a budding center
    of modern design (Empire State Building
    1931)
    MODERN ARCHITECTURE
    Geometry to live in:
    -Victorian homes were bulky &
    complicated & Modernist architects
    changed all that.
    -Gone were the historical ornament
    designs. The goal was now ‘simple’ &
    clean designs.
    -Science & industry was the new
    ‘religion’. The house became a ‘machine
    for living’.
    -Rise of an International Style.
    The common characteristics of the
    Style includes:
    i) a radical simplification of form
    ii) a rejection of ornament
    iii) adoption of glass, steel &
    concrete.
    What led to MODERNISM ?

    • Population increase

    • Industrialization led Urbanization and massive building exercise

    • New materials for building

    • World War I (1914-18) & World War II (1939-45)

    • World War II and End of Colonialism

    • New Typologies – Railway Station, Department Store, Office, Apartment


    towers, Factories, Dams and Airports…

    • New Clients – Municipalities, cooperatives, institutions, social groups…


    START OF A MOTOR AGE
    NEW MATERIAL AND TECHNOLOGY
    NEW MATERIAL AND TECHNOLOGY
    ORIGINS
    •The revolution in materials came first, with the use of
     cast iron
     plate glass
     reinforced concrete, to build structures that were stronger, lighter and taller.

    •The cast plate glass process was invented in 1848, allowing the manufacture of
    very large windows.

    • These developments together led to


    the first steel-framed skyscraper, the
    ten-story Home Insurance
    Building in Chicago, built in 1884.

    • The iron frame construction of


    the Eiffel Tower, then the tallest
    structure in the world

    The Crystal Palace, 1851 (iron and plate glass construction & metal curtain wall)
    EARLY MODERNISM IN EUROPE
    •At the end of the 19th century, a few architects began to challenge the
    traditional Neoclassical styles that dominated architecture in Europe and the
    United States.

    Glasgow School of Art


    Antonio Gaudi
    (1896-99)
    • by Charles Rennie Macintosh, had a • conceived architecture as a form of
    facade dominated by large vertical sculpture; had no straight lines; it
    bays of windows. was encrusted with colorful
    mosaics of stone and ceramic tiles.

    Art Nouveau (1890) Paris Auguste Perret and Henri


    Sauvage
    • by Victor Horta in Belgium; it • began to use reinforced concrete,
    introduced new styles of previously only used for industrial
    decoration, based on vegetal and structures, to build apartment
    floral forms. buildings.
    Austrian Postal Savings
    Bank in Vienna by
    Otto
    The Glasgow School of Art by Charles
    Rennie MacIntosh (1896–99) RCC building by Auguste Wagner (1904-1906)
    Perret, Paris (1903)

    The Steiner House in


    Vienna by Adolf
    The Théâtre des Champs-Élysées in Paris Stepped RCC building
    Loos (1910)
    by Auguste Perret (1911-1913) in Paris (1912-1914)
    ART AND CRAFT MOVEMENT

    • The arts and crafts movement was made up of


    English designers and writers who wanted a return to
    handcrafted goods instead of mass-produced.

    • Artists tried to re-establish the ties between work


    and the worker.

    • The Arts and Crafts Movement initially developed in


    Britain around 1880 and quickly spread across
    America and Europe before emerging finally as the
    Mingei (Folk Crafts) movement in Japan.

    • It established a new set of principles for living and


    working.

    • It turned the home into a work of art.


    ART NAUVEAU (1860-1910)
    • Art Nouveau is French and means New Art. It is
    characterized by its highly decorative style and by
    the dedication to natural forms.
    • Art Nouveau was popular from about 1880 to
    1910 and was an International art movement.
    • Siegfried Bing (later called Samuel Bing) was the
    founder in 1895 of " La Maison de l'Art Nouveau
    " in Paris :
    • It was his art gallery and exhibition hall that gave
    its name to the famous artistic Style Art
    Nouveau.
    • The movement was committed to abolishing the
    traditional hierarchy of the arts, which viewed so-
    called liberal arts, such as painting and sculpture,
    as superior to craft-based decorative arts.
    • The practitioners of Art Nouveau sought to revive
    good workmanship, raise the status of craft, and
    produce genuinely modern design.
    ART NAUVEAU
    • It was characterized by an elaborate ornamental
    style based on asymmetrical lines, frequently
    depicting flowers, leaves, or in the flowing hair
    of a female.
    • It can be seen most effectively in the decorative
    arts, for example interior design, glasswork and
    jewelry.
    • However, it was also seen posters and
    in illustration as well as paintings and
    certain of the period.
    sculptures
    • ArtNouveau did not World War
    survive I,
    maybe because of the
    Nouveau objects. prices for
    • high
    With the philosophical roots inArt high quality
    handicraft, Art Nouveau was nothing for mass
    production.
    Inspirations

    Arts and Crafts Japanese Art


    Movement
    ART NAUVEAU
    o PRINCIPALS OF
    ART NOUVEAU STYLE

    • flat, decorative
    patterns;
    • intertwined
    organic forms
    such as stems or
    flowers;
    • an emphasis on handcrafting as opposed to
    machine manufacturing;
    • the use of new materials;
    • and the rejection of traditional styles

    o CHARACTERISTICS:

    • Asymmetrical shapes
    • Extensive use of arches and curved forms
    • Curved glass
    • Curving, plant-like embellishments
    • Mosaics
    • Stained glass
    CLASSIFICATION:
    Pierre Francastel divides Art Nouveau into two main tendencies that could
    broadly termed the organic and the rationalist.

    Rationalist: Organic:

    Mackintosh school
    Gaudi, Barcelona, Spain1903
    Glasglow, Scotland 1897-1909
    -gives precedence to the curved line and floral
    -dependent on the straight shapes
    line
    CLASSIFICATION:

    1. An abstract, structural style with a strong 2. A floral approach


    symbolic and dynamic tendency (France focuding on organic plant
    & Belgium) forms
    (Horta, Guimard, Van de Velde) (Galle, Majorelle, Vallin, gaudi)

    Henry Van de Velde’s house Aquarium Pavillion


    CLASSIFICATION:

    3. The linear, flat approach, with a heavy 4. A structured, geometric style (Austria &
    symbolic element Germany,usa)
    (Glasglow group, Mackintosh) (Wagner, olbrich, hoffmann, loos ,sullivan)

    Glasgow School of Art Majolikahaus in Vienna


    by Charles Rennie Mackintosh by Otto Wagner
    VICTOR HORTA (1861 –1947 )
    VICTOR HORTA (1861 –
    1947 )
    ANTONI GAUDÍ (1852 –
    1926 )
    ANTONI GAUDÍ (1852 –
    1926 )

    You might also like

    pFad - Phonifier reborn

    Pfad - The Proxy pFad of © 2024 Garber Painting. All rights reserved.

    Note: This service is not intended for secure transactions such as banking, social media, email, or purchasing. Use at your own risk. We assume no liability whatsoever for broken pages.


    Alternative Proxies:

    Alternative Proxy

    pFad Proxy

    pFad v3 Proxy

    pFad v4 Proxy