A Critical Review of "Dielectric Dispersion in Colloidal Suspensions"
A Critical Review of "Dielectric Dispersion in Colloidal Suspensions"
A Critical Review of "Dielectric Dispersion in Colloidal Suspensions"
Name: Meenakshi
Email Id: chz198167@chemical.iitd.ac.in
Entry No. 2019CHZ8167
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INTRODUCTION
Colloidal dispersions have drawn intense attraction because of their great potential in the field
of medicine, chemistry, biology, and engineering. It is because colloidal particles tend to attain
surface charges once placed in an aqueous solution. This can be induced either by dissociation
of a surface group or adsorption of ions from the solution [1]. This indicates that the use of
electric fields can play a significant role to determine and govern the properties of colloidal
dispersions.
In recent advances, the interaction of the AC electric fields with colloidal particles has been
explored using AC electrokinetic methods which are augmenting the classical impedance
methods. These methods have been developed by considering both, electrostatic surface forces
and electrical double layer [2]. AC electrokinetic effects usually depend on dispersion
frequency and mobility mismatches between conducting particles and continuous media and
thus are closely related to impedance or dielectric spectroscopy. To analyse the polarizability
of these colloidal particles, the frequency spectrum of permittivity is taken into account. This
method considers both the solid core of the charged particle and its ionic atmosphere, the
electrical double layer [3].
Bradshaw et. al. [8] suggested that it is important to consider frequency dependence of both,
electrolyte as well as dipole coefficient to analyze the phenomena of dielectric properties in
colloidal suspensions. On decreasing the frequencies, the dielectric dispersion takes the shape of
a set of plateaus separated by low permittivity regions and called as gamma, delta and alpha
dispersions.
Numerous studies have been carried out to examine the dielectric behavior of colloidal particles
in the electrolyte solution and discussed, furthermore, the notion of low-frequency dielectric
dispersions that are characterized by the increased permittivity. Schwan et al. [10] studied the
suspensions of charged latex particles and observed a very high amplitude dielectric dispersion.
G. Schwarz [11] proposed a counterion model to interpret the alpha dispersions and concludes
that these low-frequency dispersions arise due to ion diffusion in the electrolyte solution close to
the particle/solution interface which then results into asymmetry of the system. At very low
frequencies, the behavior of counterions becomes different from that co-ions under the action of
an applied field.
O’Brien and L.R. White [12] performed numerical calculations of electrokinetic equations for
low-frequency range which is then extended for higher frequencies by C.S. Mangelsdorf and
L.R. White [13]. These studies further resulted in the advancement of dielectric and
electrokinetic studies.
CONCLUSION
Impedance spectroscopy can be extremely useful in the analysis of various aspects of the
solid/liquid interface. However, more theoretical and numerical work needs to be performed to
generalize the standard model and thus targeting at a more accurate description of the
phenomena which eventually determine the electrokinetic properties. This will require an even
more detailed description of the particle/electrolyte solution interface. However, a full particle
characterization requires more precise dielectric measurement data that are generally
unavailable.
Also, low dispersion amplitudes usually culminate in highly scattered data and thus leads to
large uncertainties in the dispersion parameter values. Neither theoretical methods nor
experimental data attainment is straightforward. Also, the lack of consistency in theoretical
predictions as well as experimental results has been reported.
REFERENCES
1. Jiajia Zhou, Friederike Schmid. Computer simulations of charged colloids in alternating
electric fields. The European Physical Journal Special Topics 2013, 222 (11), 2911-
2922.
2. Vadim F. Lvovoch., Impedance Spectroscopy: Applications to Electrochemical and
Dielectric Phenomena, Wiley, New York, 2012, 130-138
3. S.S. Dukhin, B.V. Derjaguin, in E. Matijevic´ (Ed.), Surface and Colloid Science,
vol. 7, Wiley, New York, 1974, Chap. 2.
4. S.S. Dukhin, V.N. Shilov, J.J. Bikerman, Dielectric Phenomena and Double Layer in
Disperse Systems and Polyelectrolytes, Journal of The Electrochemical Society. 121
(1974) 154C.
5. E.H.B. DeLacey, L.R. White, Dielectric response and conductivity of dilute
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colloidal particles to an oscillating electric field, Journal of the Chemical Society,
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10. Schwan HP, Schwarz G, Maczuk J, Pauly H. On the low-frequency dielectric
dispersion of colloidal particles in the electrolyte solution. J Phys Chem 1962;
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11. Schwarz G. A theory of the low-frequency dielectric dispersion of colloidal
particles in the electrolyte solution. J Phys Chem 1962; 66:2636–42.
12. O'Brien RW, White LR. Electrophoretic mobility of a spherical colloidal
particle. J Chem Soc Faraday Trans 2 1978; 74:1607–26.
13. Mangelsdorf CS, White LR. Dielectric response of a dilute suspension of spherical
colloidal particles in an oscillating electric field. J Chem Soc Faraday Trans 2
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