ProblemSheet - Chapter 2

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CHAPTER 2: PROBLEM SHEET

Q1) For a linear 16 bit A/D converter with an input signal range of ±4V, what is the
minimum quantisation error? Ans: 1/214

Q2) A sampled signal that varies between -2V and 2V is quantised using B bits.
What value of B will ensure that the quantisation noise power is less than
25 × 10−6? Ans: 8 bits

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Q3) A sinusoidal signal with peak-to-peak amplitude of 5V is sampled at 50kHz
with uniform quantisation. Find the minimum number of bits for the analogue
to digital converter to achieve a SQNR of at least 92dB. State any assumptions

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made. Ans: B = 15

Q4) Show that the signal to quantisation noise ratio (SQNR) of a linear B-bit

a
analogue-to-digital converter is given by
A

lia ik
𝑆𝑄𝑁𝑅 = 6.02𝐵 + 4.77 − 20 log ( )
σsig

b
where the input range of the A/D converter is ±A and the rms value of the input
tra m
signal is 𝜎𝑠𝑖𝑔 . Determine the SQNR if B is 16 bits and the input is a signal with
𝐴 𝐴
an rms value of 5 . Ans: 𝑆𝑄𝑁𝑅 = 6.02 × 16 + 4.77 − 20𝑙𝑜𝑔 𝐴 × 5
us . A

Q5) An analogue signal x(t) = sin(480t)+3sin(720t) is sampled 600 times per


second.
(a) Determine the Nyguist sampling rate for x(t).
,A E

(b) Determine the folding frequency (or half the sampling frequency).
(c) What are the frequencies, in radians, in the resulting discrete time signal
x[n]?
or

(d) If x[n] is passed through an ideal D/A converter what is the reconstructed
signal y(t)?
SW ss

Q6) An analogue signal xa(t) = cos(2500t) is sampled at a rate of fs=4kHz.


Determine the resulting analogue and digital magnitude spectra.
U ofe

Q7) Find the Fourier Transform of x(t) = (t-a). Hence, show that

jt
e dt  2 ( ) .
Pr


N

Q8) If an analogue signal x(t) is sampled every T seconds, then at the output of the
Analogue to Digital Converter, as shown in a diagram below:

x (t ) A/D x[ n]
converter
X ( ) X ( )

Chapter 2 3
Using Inverse Fourier Transforms in Continuous time and discrete time
domains, show that
1  2
X ( )   X (  k ) .
T k  T

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Q9) Which of the following statements are true in relation to aliasing?

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I) It distorts the original signal
II) It removes the unwanted frequencies from the original signal

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III) It can be avoided by removing frequencies above the sampling rate
IV) It is an undesirable effect occurring when the signal is sampled at an
insufficiently high sampling rate

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a) I and II

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b) II and III
c) I and IV
I, II and IV
d)
b
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Q10) An analog sine wave at 2 kHz is sampled using an impulse train at an 8 kHz
repetition rate. How many samples will there be in a single period of the sine
wave ?
us . A

a) 2
b) 8
c) 4
,A E

d) None of the above

Q11) An analog signal, x(t), with a frequency spectrum shown below is sampled at a
or

rate of 8 KHz. Which of the following corresponds to the resulting digital


spectrum ?
SW ss

X(f)
U ofe

f (KHz)
-2.5 0 2.5
Pr

X(θ)
a)
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-π -5π/8 0 5π/8 π 2π

X(θ)
b)

Chapter 2 4

-π 0 π 2π
Pr

e)
c)

d)

Chapter 2
U ofe
N
SW ss



or
,A E

5
0
us . A X(θ)
X(θ)
X(θ)

tra m
π
b
π

lia ik

a ira

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