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Chemistrypracticalnull 1

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29 views

Chemistrypracticalnull 1

Uploaded by

anamikadvnth80
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Experiment – 6 :-

Name of the experiment :-


Identification of the unknown functional group present in
a given organic compound.
A) Physical Characteristics :-
State – Oily Liquid
Colour – yellowish brown
Odour – Musty and rotten fishy smell

B) Solubility :-
Water – Insoluble
5% HCl — soluble
5% NaOH – Insoluble
5% NaHCO3 – Insoluble

Therefore, the given organic compound may contain


Primary amine group (–NH2) as functional group.
C) Test for the presence of functional group :-

Test for unsaturation (>C=C< and — C = C – )


Experiment Observation Inference

1) Test with Br2/CCl4 :-


About 2ml of the given Orange-red Unsaturation
organic sample is colour of the (>C=C< and
taken in a test tube bromine-carbon —C=C–)
and Br2/CCl4 solution tetrachloride absent.
is added to it solution does not
dropwise. disappeared.

2) Baeyer's test :-
To a 2ml of the given Pink colour of the Unsaturation
organic sample taken dilute alkaline (>C=C< and
in a test tube Baeyer's KMnO4 solution —C=C–)
reagent(dilute alkaline does not absent.
KMnO4) is added disappeared.
dropwise.
Test for alcoholic hydroxyl group ( R–OH)

Experiment Observation Inference

1) Ceric ammonium
nitrate test :-
2ml of the given The colour of Alcoholic hydroxyl
organic sample is the solution group ( R–OH) is
taken in a test tube does not turns absent.
and few drops of into red.
aqueous solution of
Ceric ammonium
nitrate is added to
it.
Test for phenolic hydroxyl group (Ar–OH)
Experiment Observation Inference
1) Ferric chloride test :-
In a test tube 1ml of the The colour of Phenolic hydroxyl
given organic sample is the solution group (Ar–OH) is
taken and freshly does not turns absent.
prepared neutral ferric into Violet.
chloride solution is
added to it.

Test for aldehyde (–CHO) and ketonic group (>C=O)


Experiment Inference
Observation
1) Brady’s reagent test :-
To a 2ml of the given No orange or Aldehyde (–CHO)
organic sample taken Yellow and
a test tube few drops coloured ketonic(>C=O)
of Brady’s reagent is precipitate is Groups are
added and shaken obtained. absent.
well, finally the
resulting solution is
heated in a boiling
water bath.
Test for carboxylic acid group (R–COOH)

Experiment Observation Inference


1)Sodium bicarbonate test :-
About 2ml of the given organic No brisk Carboxylic
sample is taken in a test tube and effervescence acid
aqueous solution of sodium of carbon group
bicarbonate is added to it drop dioxide(CO2) (R-COOH)
wise. is observed. is absent.
Test for primary amine group (–NH2)

Experiment Observation Inference


1) Litmus Test :-
A drop of the given organic Red litmus Amino group is
liquid is place on a moist turns into present.
red litmus paper. blue.
Carbylamine test :-
2) A small quantity of solidObnoxious Primary amine
smell is group (–NH2) is
KOH is taken in a clean
observed. present.
and dry test tube and
about 2 ml of ethanol is
added to it, the test
tube is then warm until
the pellets dissolve. To
this a few drops of
chloroform and about
1ml of the given organic
sample is added and
warm gently.
3) Azo-Dye Test :-
Three test tubes A, B Orange Aromatic primary
coloured amine group
and C are taken. In test azo-dye is (Ar–NH ) is
2
tube A, a small quantity obtained. present.
of the organic
compound is dissolve in
2 ml of HCl. In test tube
B, an aqueous solution
of sodium nitrite is
prepared. In test tube
C, a small quantity of
β-naphthol is dissolve
in dilute sodium
hydroxide. Then all the
three test tubes are
place in an ice bath.
After that sodium nitrite
solution is added into
test tube A and the
resulting solution is
added to test tube C.

Confirmatory test
Experiment Inference
Observation
1) Carbylamine test :-
A small quantity of solid Obnoxious
smell is Primary
KOH is taken in a clean
observed. amine
and dry test tube and group
about 2 ml of ethanol is (–NH2) is
present
added to it, the test tube and
is then warm until the confirm.
pellets dissolve. To this a
few drops of chloroform
and about 1ml of the
given organic sample is
added and warm gently.
2) Azo-Dye Test :-
Orange Aromatic
Three test tubes A, B and coloured primary
C are taken. In test tube azo-dye is amine
A, a small quantity of the obtained. group
(Ar–NH2)
organic compound is is present
dissolve in 2 ml of HCl. and
confirm.
In test tube B, an
aqueous solution of
sodium nitrite is prepared.
In test tube C, a small
quantity of
β-naphthol is dissolve in
dilute sodium hydroxide.
Then all the three test
tubes are place in an ice
bath. After that sodium
nitrite solution is added
into test tube A and the
resulting solution is added
to the test tube C.

Reactions :-
i)C6H5NH2 + CHCl3 + 3KOH → C6H5NC + 3KCl + 3H2O
Phenyl Isocyanide
(Unpleasant smell)

ii) C6H5NH2 + NaNO2 + dil HCl 0-50C C6H5–N2+Cl-


Result:- From the above given systematic experiment,
solubility test and confirmatory test it is clear that the given
organic compound contain Aromatic primary amine group
(Ar–NH2) as functional group.

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