Essay Stem
Essay Stem
Essay Stem
TEACHING THE LEWIS STRUCTURE AND MOLECULE FORM BY USING CORK, CARDBOARD
AND WIRE USED
Yunis Eka Putra, S.Pd, M.Pd
Sekolah Indonesia Jeddah
Saudi Arabia
Abstract
One cause of low activity, understanding and students’ learning outcomes in the
subject matter lewis structure, molecule form and polarity of the compound is the
unavailability of real models for learning this subject material at school. One of the real
model that can be used are existing materials in the school, such as cork, cardboard and
wire used. Cork is used to make a circle as a symbol of electrons in learning lewis
structure. In learning the circle of molecule form taking act as the atom to be linked with
the wire used to describe a particular molecule form. Learning by using cork, cardboard
and wire used conduct to understand the structure of the Lewis and molecule form can
increase students’ activity significantly compared with the classical learning done in the
previous lessons. Learning Lewis structure and molecule form by using cork, cardboard
and wire used can increase students’ understanding to describe the Lewis structure in
concrete and develop students' understanding in three dimensions about molecule form
that they have learned in abstract and by seeing pictures on the book contained in the
book or other learning resources. The improvement of understanding also improve the
students’ learning outcomes that can be seen from the average of students’ learning
outcomes at the end of the lesson
1. Introduction
Science process skills-based learning emphasizes the ability of learners to find
their own knowledge based on experience learning, laws, principles and generalizations,
so it provides opportunity for the development of higher level thinking skills. Learning to
strengthen the process of learning and authentic assessment is carried out to achieve
attitudes competence, knowledge and skills. Competence skills will last longer than the
knowledge competence, while attitude will be needed and addicted always for the
learners. One competency to be achieved by students is analyzing the theoretical number
of pairs of electrons around the nucleus of atoms (Electron Domain Theory) to determine
the molecule form. The basis theory for studying the basic competence is the Lewis
structure and molecule form. The Lewis structure was known by Gilbert N. Lewis in 1916.
Lewis introduced the Lewis structure or electron dot notation or Lewis dot structure that
uses dots around the atomic symbols to represent the outer valence electrons of atoms.
While the form of the molecule describes the arrangement of atoms in a compound in
three-dimensional space. One of theories to explain the molecule form is VSEPR theory is
based on the style of the electrostatic repulsion between electron pairs.
The problems occur when the teacher explains the concept of Lewis structure is
the placement of electrons around the element binds based on the number of valence
elekron of it. The sketch of the valence electron as a point in a paper or a board generally
makes students difficult because they have to write electron and its arrangement around
the atom repeated by trial and error in order to get the right structure. Repeatedly
writing makes students need more time to understand the types of structures lewis.
2
Besides writing also make the students’ note not be structured so that sometimes they
are lazy and difficult to review and understanding the material at home.
Another problem is when the teacher explains the concept of molecule form by
using lecture method and only use the blackboard as a medium to draw the molecules
form in one dimension, in fact there are many students who are not able to understand
the form of the molecule in three dimensions. Example of the problems is the students
are not able to differentiate the form of triangular planar molecule with a triangular
pyramid, because the one-dimensional images of molecules form of a planar triangles
and triangular pyramid are similar, especially for the teacher who does not mastered the
technique of drawing a three-dimensional drawing.
In addition, from my observation, the concept is difficult to understand by the
students because it is abstract. To implant this concept takes the real or concrete
learning model. To solve these problems, in learning chemistry on the concept of
molecule forms have to use props. The use of props chosen because basically students
have difficulties to imagine and appreciate a form of abstract molecule becomes more
apparent. To help students to understand the concept of molecule forms usually required
props called molymod. By using props is expected to help students to understand the
terms of molecule form, such as linear, trigonal pyramids, trigonal planar, tetrahedral,
angular, bipiramida trigonal, tetrahedral distorted, T form, and others. Problems arise
when the props needed are not available at school for various reasons. To solve the
problem the authors are interested in creating visual aids to help students to understand
the concept of Lewis structure and form of the molecule. In learning, Lewis structure of
cork’s circle is used as valence electrons, while cardboard is used to print the symbol of
the element. Molecule forms of sphere cork which is colored acts as an atom, while the
former wire or needle used for connecting function as chemical bonds. If the cork is
connected by the wire to another sphere of corks based on composition compounds and
certain angle according to the theory of it, it will give a distinctive form so that, in
addition it explaining the molecule form of the former cork sphere series is also able to
explain the theory of electron domain.
2. Method
Props used is made from simple equipments are easily available around the
school without cost. Sphere cork used as valence electrons, while cardboard is used to
print the symbol of the element in learning Lewis structure. Students describe Lewis
structure based on the theory of textbooks available. Molecule forms of sphere cork
which is colored acts as an atom, while the former wire or needle used for connecting
function as chemical bonds. If the cork is connected by wire to the other sphere of cork
based on the arrangement of its compounds and certain angle according to the theory
of it, it will provide molecule forms of these compounds. Understanding about Lewis
structure and form of the molecule will giving convenience for students to determine
the nature of polar compounds.
Implementation of learning by using the principles of learning 2013 curriculum,
by using props that have been designed. Learning stages of Lewis structure are follow:
a. Learning begins with apperception activities to identify and solidify students'
base knowledge about the configuration of electrons, valence electrons and
covalent bonds. Simple configuration electron based on the atomic shell, valence
3
Furthermore, to study the molecule form, the stages of learning it generally show
as follow:
a. Learning begins with apperception activities to identify and solidify students' base
knowledge about the configuration of electrons, valence electrons and covalent
bonds..
b. Students read and collect information about the molecule form and the VSEPR
theory.
c. Teachers confirm the students’ knowledge by using information about writing the
Lewis structure of chemistry textbooks.
d. By using props that have been made by the students to apply knowledge of VSEPR
theory to construct the molecule form of some the compounds given so various
forms of the molecules are gotten based on the theory.
issues concerning the Lewis structures and molecule forms achieve expected
achivement.
4. Reference
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