Questions on halogens

Qn.1.
Outline the general methods of preparing halogens excluding fluorine.
(b) the boiling points of hydrides of group(VII) elements are shown below.
hydride HF HCl HBr HI
Boiling 19.5 -85 -67 -35.4
point(oC)
State and explain the trend in:
(i)Boiling point of the hydride.
(ii)Acid strength of the hydride.
(c) Describe the reactions of the hydrides with;
( i)acidified potassium manganate(VII) solution
(i i) concentrated sulphuric acid.

Qsn.when clorine is bubbled through aqueos solution of Na2S2O3 a yellow precipitate which
dissolves to form a colourless solution .Explain your observations with equations.

(c) 2.14g of potassium iodate were dissolved in water to make 250cm3 of solution labelled FA1.
6.2g of Na2S2O3.5H2O crystals were dissolved in water to make 100cm3 of aqueous solution of
FA2. 20cm3 of FA1 were pipated into a conical flask, an equal volume of dilute sulphuric acid
followed by excess potassium iodide. The mixture was then titrated with FA2 until it turns pale
yellow and then 1cm3 of starch indicator was added. The volume of FA2 required was found to
be 19.2cm3 .calculate the molar concentration of FA2.
Qsn.
State what was observed when potassium iodide solution was added to acidified sodium
hypochlorite. Explain the observations.
( c)Jik is a commercial bleach made by dissolving chlorine in alkaline medium to form chlorate
(I) ions. 20cm3 of jik were accurately measured into a 250ml volumetric flask and diluted with
distilled water up to the mark to make FA1. 25cm3 of FA1 were pipated into a conical flask
followed by 10cm3 of 1M sulphuric acid and equal volume of water and potassium iodide
solution.. The resultant solution was titrated with FA2. FA2 was made by dissolving 12.4g of
Na2S2O3.5H2O crystals to make 250cm3 of solution.

(i) Identify the indicator used.

(ii) Why is excess potassium iodide used.
(iii) Given that the average volume of FA2 required to reach the end point was 12.4cm3.
Calculate the percentage of chlorine in the jik.

P1-2015 qsn5
Write the equation for the reaction between chlorine and the
(i)hydrogen sulphide solution
(ii)hot concentrated sodium hydroxide solution
(b) state what was observed in a(i) and ii
(c)In which of the reactions in (a) is chlorine behaving as an oxidising agent.
P2-2015qsn5
The boiling points and atomic radii of fluorine , chlorine , bromine and iodine are shown in the
table below.
Element Fluorine Chlorine Bromine Iodine
Boiling pointoC -188 -35 59 184
Atomic rdii(nm) 0.072 0.099 0.114 0.133
(a)Explain the trend in the;
(i)atomic radius of the element
(ii)boiling point of the elements
(b)illustrate your answer with equations compare how chlorine and fluorine react with;
(i)water
(ii)sodium hydroxide
(c)10.0cm3 of a sample of commercial bleach containing chlorine was diluted to 250cm3 with
water. 25.0cm3 of this solution was transferred into a conical flask and potassium iodide
solution added to liberate iodine. The iodine mixture required 23.2cm3 of 0.1M sodium
thiosulphate solution for complete reaction. Calculate the molar concentration of chlorine in the
commercial bleach. Sodiumthiosulphate reacts
with iodine solution according to the following equation.
2S2O32-(aq) + I2(aq) 2I-(aq) + S4O62-(aq)
and chlorine reacts with iodide ions according to the following equation.
Cl2(ag) + 2I-(aq) 2Cl-(aq) + I2(aq)
P1-2014 qsn14
Chlorine can be prepared by reacting hydrochloric acid with manganese(iV) oxide.
(ii)write equation for the reaction leading to the formation of chlorine.
(b)write equation for the reaction that would take place when chlorine is bubled through;
(ii)hot concentrated sodium hydroxide solution.
(ii) cold dilute potassium hydroxide solution.
(iii)potassium bromide solution.
(c)Name a reagent other than manganese(iV) oxide , which used to prepare chlorine using
hydrochloric acid.
(ii)Write the equation to show how chlorine can be prepared using the reagent named above.
P2-2014 qsn8
Describe how chlorine is prepared on industrial scale .Illustrate your answer with diagrams.
(b)Write equations for the reaction between chlorine and;
(i)sodium hydroxide solution.
(ii)water.
(iii)hydrogen sulphide.
(c)In the manufacture of hydrochloric acid , a mixture of chlorine and hydrogen is exploded to
give hydrogen chloride.
(i) State how hydrogen chloride is converted to hydrochloric acid.
(ii) Concentrated hydrochloric acid was added to lead (ii) nitrate solution drop wise until in
excess. State what was observed and write the equation for the reaction that took place.
(iii)Explain why hydrochloric acid is not used to acidify potassium manganate(Vii) solution.
P1-2013qsn6
Write the equation and state what would be observed when;
(i) Iodine is reacted with hot aqueous sodium hydroxide.
(ii)manganate(Vi), MnO42-is hydrolysed by water.
P1-2013qsn14
Explain why hydrofluoric acid is a weaker acid than hydrobromic acid.
(b)write equation for the reaction between.
(ii)chlorine and cold sodium hydroxide solution.
(iii)Bromine and potassium iodide solution.
(iv) chlorine and iron(ii) chloride solution.
(c)state what would be observed in the reaction (b) (ii) and b(iii)
(d)Give reasons for your observations for the reaction in b(ii)
P1-2011qsn6.
Calculate the oxidation state of chlorine in each of the following ions.
(i)ClO2-
(ii)ClO4-
(b)Write equations to show the reaction between chlorine and ;
(i)dilute sodium hydroxide solution.
(ii) concentrated sodium hydroxide solution.

P2-2001qsn12.

The bond energies and atomic numbers of the elements in group(vI) of the periodic table are
given below.
Element F Cl Br I
Bond 158 242 193 151
-1
energy.Kjolmol
Atomic number. 9 17 35 53
9a) Define the term bond energy.
(b)Draw a graph of bond energy versus atomic umber of the halogens.
(ii)Explain the shape of the graph you have drawn in b(i)
P2-2003qsn4
Explain why fluorine shows some differences in its properties from the rest of the elements in
group (vii) of the periodic table.
(b)State the difference between the chemistry of fluorine and the rest of elements of group(vII) of
the periodic table.
(c)Write equations to compare the reactions of fluorine and chlorine when they react separately
with; (i) water.
(ii) Cold dilute sodium hydroxide
(iii) hot concentrated sodium hydroxide.
(d)Write equation for the reaction between hydrofluoric acid and silicon dioxide.
P1-2004qsn11

Compare the reactivity of fluorine and chlorine with the following compounds.(in each case
illustrate your answer with equations)
(i)water.
(ii) concentrated sodium hydroxide solution

P2-2005qsn12

Write equations to show how fluorine and chlorine react with;

(i) water.
(i)fluorine
(ii)chlorine
(b)cold dilute sodium hydroxide solution.
(i) Fluorine.
(ii) Chlorine.
(c) Hot concentrated sodium hydroxide solution
(i) fluorine.
(ii) Chlorine.
P1- 2009- question 15

(a)Write the general outermost electronic configuration of group(VII) elements in the periodic
table.
(b)The boiling points and reduction electrode potentials of group(VII) elements in the periodic
table are given in the table below.
Element F Cl Br I
0
Boiling point / C -187 -35 59 183
Electrode potential / +2.87 +1.36 +1.07 +0.54
V

(i) State the trend in the boiling points of the elements and explain your answer.
(ii) Which one of the elements is the strongest oxidizing agent?
(a)Chlorine was bubbled through a solution containing bromide ions.
(i)State what was observed and give a reason for your answer.
(ii)Write equation of the reaction that took place.

P2- 2008- question 2.

(a)State four properties in which fluorine differs from iodine.
(b)State the conditions and write equations for the reaction between sodium hydroxide and:
(i) Fluorine
(ii) Iodine
(c)Compare the oxidizing powers of fluorine and iodine using their reactions with water.

P2- 1998 (March) - question 2.

The boiling points of hydrides of group(VII) elements are given in the table below.
Compound HF HCl HBr HI
B.P (0C) +199 -85.0 -66.7 -35.4
(a) Explain the trend in the boiling points of the hydrides.
(b) Giving reasons, suggest the trend in the acid strength of the hydrides.
(c) Using equations where possible explain what happens when concentrated sulphuric acid
is mixed with each of the hydrides.
(d) (i) Arrange the following compounds in their order of increasing acid strength.
HClO , HClO2 , HClO3 , HClO4
(iii) Explain your answer in d (i)

P2- 1997 - question 7.

(a) Describe briefly how chlorine is produced on a large scale.
(b) Describe briefly how chlorine can be converted to potassium chlorate(V) crystals in the
laboratory.
(c) 2.0g of a mixture of potassium chloride and potassium chlorate were dissolved in 250cm3
of water. 10.0cm3 of the solution was mixed with excess potassium iodide. The iodine
liberated required 8.00cm3 of a 0.2M sodium thiosulphate solution for complete reaction.
Potassium chlorate and potassium iodide react according to the equation:
ClO3 (aq) + 6H+(aq) + 6I—(aq)
—
3I2(aq) + Cl—(aq) + 3H2O(l)
Calculate the percentage of potassium chlorate in the mixture.
(d) Explain why chlorine is more soluble in dilute sodium hydroxide than in water.