SCIP102

KVS Ernakulum region

Pre-Board Examination, 2022-23

Class: X Sub: Science M.M. 80 Time: 3 hr.

Marking Scheme
1 c 5 a 9 b 13 b 17 b

2 a 6 c 10 c 14 c 18 a

3 c 7 d 11 c 15 d 19 d

4 b 8 d 12 d 16 a 20 c

21. Substance reduced : MnO2 (½) Substance oxidised : HCl (½ )

Oxidising agent : MnO2 (½ ) Reducing agent : HCl (½)

OR

X is Ferrous sulphate (½ ) and Y is Sulphur dioxide gas (½)

It is a displacement reaction (½) The colour of the salt first changes to white and then becomes
brownish. (½)

22. Aquatic organisms breathe in oxygen dissolved in water through their gills. Since the amount of
oxygen dissolved in water is fairly low compared to the amount of oxygen present in the air, the rate of
breathing is much faster. (2)

23. (i)Movement in sensitive plants is visible and are nastic movements, while movement of shoot
towards light is a tropic movement . (ii) Former is not related to growth, while latter is related growth.
(iii) In former case sudden movements of water in and out of the cells causes movement, while in latter,
plant hormone called auxin is involved. (any two points : 1 + 1 = 2)

OR

Pancreas is the organ secreting the hormone insulin to control the blood sugar level. (½ + ½ )
Pancreas also produces pancreatic juice which contains enzymes like amylase, trypsin, lipase etc.. (any
two: ½ + ½ = 1)

24. 1. Ovary, 2. Oviduct (fallopian tube), 3. Uterus, 4. Cervix 5. Vagina (4 x ½ = 2)

25. Defect is myopia or near sightedness (½ )

 Causes: (i) Excessive curvature of the eye lens (ii) Elongation of the eye ball (½ + ½ = 1)

Correction: By using concave lens of proper power. (½)

OR

As stars are many light years away from us they appear as point sources of light. When starlight
undergoes atmospheric refraction the apparent position of the star fluctuates causing a twinkling effect.

As planets are very near to us compared to stars, they appear as extended sources of light. Therefore, in
spite of atmospheric refraction, the total variation in the amount of light reaching us will average out to
zero, nullifying the twinkling effect. (1 + 1 = 2)

26. Ozone is a molecule formed by three atoms of oxygen. Ozone layer is a layer of ozone molecules in
the outer atmosphere at a distance of 10-12 km.

Ozone layer protects the earth from the harmful ultraviolet radiations of the sun. These radiations can
cause cateract, skin cancer and some inflammatory diseases. (1 + 1 = 2)

27. (i) Electrolysis of water/Decomposition of water (1)

(ii) 2H2O electricity 2H2 + O2 (1)

(iii) Water contains hydrogen and oxygen in the ratio 2:1 by volume. (1)

28. (i) Baking soda or sodium hydrogen carbonate, NaHCO3 (½ + ½ = 1)

(ii) 2NaHCO3 Heat Na2CO3 + 2H2O + CO2 (1)

(iii) Used in Soda-acid fire extinguisher to produce CO2 gas, for making baking powder in the
preparation of break, cake etc.. (any one use0 (1)

OR

(i) B (ii) D (iii) A (iv) C (½ x 4 = 2)

B is having highest H+ ion concentration. (½ )

Decreasing order of pH : C, A, D, B

29. (i) The reproduction from any vegetative part of the plant such as stem, root, leaves is known as
vegetative propagation. Stem cuttings : eg. sugarcane, underground stem: eg. potato , Leaf: eg.
bryophyllum, etc… (1)

Plants raised by vegetative propagation can bear seeds flowers and seeds earlier than those produced from
seeds. It can be used for the propagation of plants such as banana, orange, jasmine and rose that have lost
the capacity to produce seeds. (Any two) (2)

OR
 (i) Seminal vesicles and prostate glands produce secretions that provide nutrition to the sperms and also
a medium for transport. (1)

(ii) Surgical removal of unwanted pregnancies can be misused for female foeticides or illegal abortion.
(1)

(iii) Oral contraceptives interfere with the release of eggs in to the fallopian tube.

30. (i) No, she is incorrect because the concave lens can form only virtual images that are diminished in
size. (1)

(ii) The object should be placed at twice the focal length (2F1) of the convex lens. Fig. 10.16 (c) of the
NCERT text book. (1)

(iii) A convex lens. The lens should be held in such a way that the palm is within the focal length of the
lens to obtain a virtual magnified image. (1)

OR

(i) 1/v = 1/f + 1/u = 1/15 + (-1/25) = 5-3/75 = 2/75 (½ )

V = 75/2 = 37.5 cm (½ )

(ii) h’ = h x v/u = 4 x 75/2 x -25 = -6 cm (1)

(iii) Fig. 10.16 (d) of the NCERT text book (not to scale) (1)

31. (i) An electric current whose magnitude changes withtime and direction reverses periodically
is called alternating current. (½ )

An electric current whose magnitude is either constant or variable but the direction
of flow in a conductor remains the same is called direct current. (½ )
(ii) A.C. can be transmitted to distant places without much loss of electric power than
D.C. That is why A.C. is preferred over D.C. for transmission of current
over long distances. (1)
(iii) Earth wire provides a low resistance conducting path for the current and protects
the user from electric shock in case of leakage of current . (1)

32. (i) Figure 13.4 of the NCERT text book. (1)

(ii) Field lines emerge from the north pole and merge at the south pole. The
relative strength of the field is shown by the degree of closeness of the field. No two
field lines are found to intersect each other. (1)
(iii) Because if they did, it would mean that at that point compass needle would
point to two different directions, which is not possible. (1)

33. (i) The mouse will get 10 J and the owl will get 1 J. (1)
(ii) Ten percent law, which states that only 10% of energy can transfer from one
trophic level to the other. The remaining energy is lost in to the environment. (1)
 (iii) No, the owl is not in any advantageous position as it gets least energy and
maximum amount of harmful chemicals by bio-magnification. (1)

34. (i) Carbon does not form C4+ ions as it would be difficult for the nucleus with six
protons to hold on to ten electrons. Carbon does not form C4- ions as it would require
a large amount of energy to remove four electrons overcoming the force of attraction
of the nucleus. (2)

OR
(i) We can test each of them with alkaline KMNO4 or acidified K2Cr2O7 solutions.
The sample that decolourises the KMnO4 solution or K2Cr2O7 solution is alcohol as it
undergoes oxidation. (1)
We can also test each sample with sodium carbonate or sodium bicarbonate. The
sample in which effervescence due to the evolution of CO2 gas is an acid. (1)
(any other test also may be considered)
(ii) soaps are sodium or potassium salts of long chain carboxylic acids. (1)
The soap molecule is having two ends, the ionic end dissolves in water, while the
carbon chain dissolves in oil. The soap molecules form structures called micelles
where carbon chain ends attach to the oily dirt while the ionic end faces outside. The
soap micelle helps in dissolving the oily dirt in water and can wash our clothes clean.
(2)
35. (i) Because ventricles have to pump blood to various distant organs. (1)
(ii) To prevent the back flow of blood so that blood flows only towards the heart.
The pumping of heart does not help in movement of blood through veins. (1)
(iii) In aquatic vertebrates blood goes only once through the heart in one cycle,
while in terrestrial vertebrates blood goes through the heart twice in one cycle.
(1)
(iv) Because transpiration pull is greater during the day as rate of transpiration is
faster. (1)
 (v) Because the energy requirement is less in plants as most of the cells are dead.
(1)
OR
(i) Nephrons are the structural and functional units of the kidney. (1)
Each nephron is having a mouth like part called Bowman’s capsule and a highly
coiled tubular part which finally attaches to a collecting tubule. (1)
Inside the Bowman’s capsule a network of capillaries called glomerulus is found,
from where the nitrogenous wastes are separated from blood along with plenty of
water and some amount of glucose and proteins. The urine thus formed, while
passing through the tubular part, much of the water with essential nutrients are
reabsorbed by the blood capillaries around the Henley’s loop. In this way,
nephrons help in filtration of wastes as well as reabsorption of water. (1)

(ii) The CO2 produced during the respiration and the oxygen formed during
photosynthesis are removed through the stomata of the leaves. Excess water is also
removed through the stomata of the leaves by transpiration. Leaves can also store
some solid wastes which get removed from the plant on shedding of leaves on
ripening. (2)

36. (i) The circuit diagram (2)

The effective resistance of two 4 Ω resisters in parallel is 2 Ω. Hence the potential

difference will be the same. (1)

(ii) (2)
 OR
(i) Ohm’s law states that at constant temperature the potential difference across a
given conductor is directly proportional to the current flowing through it. (1)
Mathematically, V/I = R
I = V/R = 6/24 = 1/4 = 0.25 A (1)

37. (i) Potassium and sodium (1)

(ii) X is a non-metal (1)
(iii) Magnesium on heating burns with a dazzling white flame. The red litmus
changes to blue if it is dipped in the ash (MgO) mixed with water. (2)
OR
Oxides of metals showing both acidic and basic character are called amphoteric
oxides. Eg. Zinc oxide, Aluminium oxide. (2)
38. (i) The object should be between the centre of curvature and the focus. (1)
(ii) Concave mirror and convex lens. (1)
(iii) A convex mirror is used as a rear-view mirror in vehicles because it always
forms virtual diminished images and hence can cover larger area. (2)
OR
(i) A concave mirror is used by a dentist to observe the teeth as it can form virtual
magnified images when the object (tooth) is within the focal length of the mirror.

39. (i) The gene responsible for the violet colour is dominant over the gene of white
colour. (1)
(ii) If the violet flowered parent was heterozygous (Rr) there would have been
violet and white coloured flowers in the ratio 1: 1. (1)
(iii) In the F2 generation violet flowered plants and white flowered plants would be
obtained in the ratio 3:1. The genotype ratio of RR, Rr and rr would be 1:2:1. (2)
OR
Two reasons for choosing garden pea plants are:
(a) These plants are short duration plants and many generations can be raised
within less time.
(b) These plants exhibited contrasting traits for different characters like height,
colour of flowers, colour of seeds, shape of seeds etc… (or any other characters)