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SHS

Modifier+
HSC/Varsity Admission

Modifier Gi Dci A to Z
mgvavb|
Saddam Hossain Sohag
Lecturer
Department Of English
Narsingdi Independent College
Cell: 01680-018510
FB: Saddam Hossain Sohag

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Saddam Hossain Sohag

MODIFIER
If a word or group of words sit before or after nouns/ verbs/ adverbs/ adjectives to modify them
is called modifier. Again, if a word or group of words that describes, modifies, qualifies or limits
a verb, noun, adjective or adverb is called Modifier. If modifiers apply to nouns, they are called
adjectives. If modifiers apply to verbs, adjectives or adverbs, they are called adverbs. Generally,
if we remove the modifiers from the sentences, they don't affect any sentences because modifiers
are additional part of a sentence. In fact, they are used to make sentences more effective,
attentive, clarifying and understanding.
So, according to the definition, there are two types of modifiers:
1. Pre-modifiers
2. Post-modifiers
➧ Pre-modifiers: Pre-modifiers sit before a noun/ verb/ adverb/ adjective to modify it.
Example: He is a school boy. [as the boy of the sentence is a noun, it has been modified by
school which has taken its position right before the noun (boy). So, School is a Pre-modifier
here.] [অর্থাৎ Noun এয ঩ূর্ফথ ফ঳র্র স঳টি ঴য় Pre-modifier।]
➧ Post-modifiers: Post-modifiers sit after a noun/ verb/ adverb/ adjective to modify it.
Example: Mr. Mashrafi, the captain of Bangladesh cricket team, is a real patriotic. [Here, as Mr.
Mashrafi is a noun of the sentence, it has been modified by the captain of Bangladesh cricket
team which has taken its position right after the noun (Mr. Mashrafi). So, the captain of
Bangladesh cricket team is a Post-modifier here.] [Noun এয ঩র্য ফ঳র্র স঳টি ঴য় Post-modifier।]
Now we will discuss on the topics given by the Board [ সফাডথ কর্ৃথ ক প্রদত্ত বফলয়঳ভূ঴ বনর্ে উর্েখ঩ূফথক
আর্রাচনা কয ঴র্রা।]:
�1. Pre-modify the Noun: Here should be a word or group of words which will work like an
ADJECTIVE or NOUN-ADJECTIVE. Basically, we have to use an Adjective before a Noun.
⇒Example: We tried our best to complete the work but we didn't have _____ time to do that.
➺ Answer (probable): enough/ much/ a lot of/ plenty of, etc.
➠Explanation: Look at the above answers. All the answers are Adjectives as only adjectives can
modify the Noun. সমর্঴র্ু noun-সক Modify কযর্র্ ফরা ঴র্য়র্ে , স঳র্঴র্ু এখার্ন ঱ূনযস্থার্ন একটি Adjective
ফ঳ার্র্ ঴র্ফ। সকননা Adjective-ই ঩ার্য Noun-সক modify কযর্র্। র্াোড়া Noun এয ঩ূর্ফথ Adjective ফর্঳।
঳ূত্রটি অর্নকটা এভন- Adjective + Noun.
�2. Post-modify the Noun with an Appositive: Here should be a word or group of words
which will work like a NOUN and will give or indicate some extra information about the
previous NOUN. [Here it is- "An appositive is a noun or pronoun that renames or identifies
another noun or pronoun right beside it in some way. An appositive phrase consists of an
appositive and its modifiers." অর্থাৎ Appositive ঴র্রা একটি Noun/ Pronoun সমটি র্ায ঩ার্঱ র্াকা অনয
আর্যকটি Noun/ Pronoun-সক নাভান্তয কর্য ফা অনয নার্ভ ফা ঩বযচর্য় বচনর্র্ ঳঴ায়ক বূ বভকা যার্খ।]
⇒Example: My friend Jorina, ________, was driving.
➺ Answer (probable): a famous singer/ a popular actress/ a good human being/ a famous athlete,
etc.
➠Explanation: Look at the above answers. All the answers are Adverbs as only adverbs can
modify the verbs. সমর্঴র্ু Verb-সক Modify কযর্র্ ফরা ঴র্য়র্ে , স঳র্঴র্ু এখার্ন ঱ূনযস্থার্ন একটি Adverb
ফ঳ার্র্ ঴র্ফ। সকননা Adverb-ই ঩ার্য Verb/ adjective/ adverb-সক modify কযর্র্।

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�3. Pre-modify the Noun using Demonstrative: Here should be a word which will work like a
demonstrative pronoun/ demonstrative adjective. When a demonstrative sits before a Noun, it is
called a demonstrative adjective. There are four demonstratives- This/ that/ these/ those.
⇒Example: To save _____ the boy, he took a lot of risks.
➺ Answer (probable): that.
➠Explanation: Look at the above answer. The answer is specific here and it is only THAT
which sits before the boy (a noun) to modify it. ঳াধাযণর্ Present tense- এ singular ঴র্র this এফং
plural ঴র্র These ফর্঳ এফং Past tense- এ singular ঴র্র That এফং plural ঴র্রThose ফর্঳।
�4. Pre-modify the Noun using a Noun Adjective: Here should be a word or words which
will be noun but will work like an Adjective as its position is before a noun.
⇒Example: We walked a lot and so, we stood under a big ______ tree to take some rest.
➺ Answer (probable): mango/ banyan/ jack-fruit, etc.
➠Explanation: Look at the above answers. All the answers are Nouns [name of trees]. As they
sit before a noun [tree], they are called noun adjectives. মবদও Noun ফ঳র্ফ বকন্তু সমর্঴র্ু র্া
Adjective-এয কাজ কযর্ফ, র্াই এর্ক Noun Adjective ফরা ঴য়।
�5. Post-modify the Verb with Adverb/ Adverbial: Here should be a word or group of words
which will work like an ADVERB.
⇒Example: I experienced a very interesting incident _____ on my way to Tangail.
➺ Answer (probable): last week/ last night/ last month/ yesterday/ a few days ago, etc.
➠Explanation: Look at the above answers. All the answers are Adverbs as only adverbs can
modify the verbs. সমর্঴র্ু Verb-সক Modify কযর্র্ ফরা ঴র্য়র্ে , স঳র্঴র্ু এখার্ন ঱ূনযস্থার্ন একটি Adverb
ফ঳ার্র্ ঴র্ফ। সকননা Adverb-ই ঩ার্য Verb-সক modify কযর্র্।
�6. Post-modify the Verb with an infinitive: Here should be a word or group of words which
will work like an Infinitive. Infinitives/ infinitive phrases are formed- "to+ base form of verb".
⇒Example: Jorina became extremely happy _____ after a long time.
➺ Answer (probable): to see me/ to meet him/ to come here, etc.
➠Explanation: Look at the above answers. All the answers are Infinitives as they have been
formed using this formula to+ present form of verb. অর্থাৎ To এয ঳ার্র্ Verb এয present form
ফব঳র্য় এফং মবদ প্রর্য়াজন ঴য় স঳ অনুমায়ী আর্যা ঱ব্দ ফা ঱ব্দ঳ভূ঴ সমাগ কর্য Infinitive/ infinitive phrase
গঠন কযা ঴য়।
�7. Pre-modify the Verb using participle: Here should be a word or group of words which
will work like a NOUN+ADJECTIVE simultaneously and that word is called Present Participle.
It forms taking "ing" with the base form of verb (ing+ present form of verbs). [অর্থাৎ Participle
একই ঳ার্র্ Noun+adjective- এয কাজ কর্য।]
⇒Example: ______, Jorina was shocked.
➺ Answer (probable): Seeing the damage of her new car.
➠Explanation: Look at the above answer. Here „seeing‟ is the participle of this answer as it has
taken its position before Damage which is working here as a noun. So, before noun, anything is
an Adjective and participle also works like an adjective. Noun-এয আর্গ ফর্঳ ‟Seeing‟ Adjective
এয কাজ কযায় র্া Participle এয কাজ কযর্ে এখার্ন। ফাকী ঱ব্দগুর্রাফাকযটির্র্ অর্থর্ফাধক কযর্র্ ফযফহৃর্
঴র্য়র্ে। ওগুর্রা ফযফ঴ায না কযর্রও সকান ঳ভ঳যা সনই।
�8. Post-modify the Adjective with an infinitive: Here should be a word or group of words

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which will work like an Infinitive. Infinitives/ infinitive phrases are formed- "to+ base form of
verb".
⇒Example: Jorina became extremely happy _____ after a long time.
➺ Answer (probable): to see me/ to meet him/ to come here, etc.
➠Explanation: Look at the above answers. All the answers are Infinitives as they have been
formed using this formula to+ present form of verb. অর্থাৎ To এয ঳ার্র্ Verb এয present form
ফব঳র্য় এফং মবদ প্রর্য়াজন ঴য় স঳ অনুমায়ী আর্যা ঱ব্দ ফা ঱ব্দ঳ভূ঴ সমাগ কর্য Infinitive/ infinitive phrase
গঠন কযা ঴য়।
�rule 6 and 8 almost the same. সফাডথ ঩যীক্ষায় এভন প্রশ্ন রক্ষ কযা মায় র্র্ফ দুটিয ঩ার্থকয সনই।
�9. Pre-modify the Adjective using an intensifier: Here should be a word or group of words
which will work like an ADVERB or ADVERBIAL PHRASE. Intensifiers are adverbs or
adverbial phrases that strengthen the meaning of other expressions and show emphasis. Words
that we commonly use as intensifiers include absolutely, completely, extremely, highly, quite,
rather, really, so, too, totally, utterly, very and at all. অর্থাৎ ফার্কযয প্রকা঱ববি ও অর্থর্ক আর্যা
সজাযার্রা কযর্র্ আভযা Intensifier use কবয। বকন্তু ভর্ন যাখর্র্ ঴র্ফ, এগুর্রাও Adverb।
⇒Example: Jorina became ______ happy to see me after a long time.
➺ Answer (probable): highly/ very/ quite/ extremely/ absolutely/ tremendous, etc.
➠Explanation: Look at the above answers. All the answers are Adverbs as only adverbs can
modify the adjectives. সমর্঴র্ু Adjective (happy)-সক Modify কযর্র্ ফরা ঴র্য়র্ে , স঳র্঴র্ু এখার্ন ঱ূনযস্থার্ন
একটি Adverb ফ঳ার্র্ ঴র্ফ। সকননা Adverb-ই ঩ার্য adjective-সক modifyকযর্র্। ভার্ন Adverb Adjective
এয আর্গ ফ঳র্ফ। ঳ূত্রটি অর্নকটা এরূ঩ : Adverb+Adjective।
�10. Pre-modify the Adjective using Demonstrative: Here should be a word or group of
words which will work like a Demonstrative pronoun & it will sit before an Adjective. [See Rule
no-3 for more about Demonstrative.]
⇒Example: We can never forget ______ lovely sea birds.
➺ Answer (probable): these.
➠Explanation: Look at the above answer. As Lovely sea birds (here LOVELY is an adjective)
refer to the plural number and the sentence is in Present Tense, the answer should be These.
এখার্ন These ফর্঳র্ে কাযণ Plural Number এফং Present Tense ফুঝার্ে। মবদ Singular ঴র্র্া র্া঴র্র This
ফ঳র্র্া। [For more about Demonstrative see Rule no-3.]
�11. Post-modify the Adjective: Here should be a word or group of words which will work
like a Noun as we know noun takes its position after adjective.
⇒Example: It is high ______ we left the place.
➺ Answer (probable): time.
➠Explanation: Look at the above answer. As high of the given example is an adjective so there
should be a NOUN after it. সমর্঴র্ু আভযা জাবন Adjective এয ঩র্য Noun ফর্঳ র্াই এখার্ন উ঩মুক্ত ঱ব্দ
ব঴র্঳র্ফ Time ফ঳ার্না ঴র্য়র্ে। অনযবদর্ক post modify ভার্নই ঴র্রা ঩র্য ফর্঳ কাজ কযর্ফ, র্াই Adjective-টিয
঩র্য Time ফ঳ার্না ঴র্য়র্ে।
�12. Pre-modify the Noun using Possessive: Here should be a word or group of words which
will work like an Adjective as we know Possessive takes its position before a Noun. In fact,
when possessive pronouns sit before nouns, they are called Possessive adjectives. In short,
anything sits before noun is generally called Adjective. Possessive adjectives are- my/ our/ your/

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their/ his/ her/its, etc. When these words are used before Nouns, they are called Possessive
Adjectives and when not, are called Possessive Pronouns. সমর্঴র্ু Pre-modify এয কর্া ফরা ঴য়র্ে
র্ায ভার্ন ঴র্রা Noun এয ঩ূর্ফথ ফ঳ার্র্ ঴র্ফ, র্াই এর্ক্ষর্ত্র ফযফহৃর্ ঱ব্দগুর্রা Adjective ব঴র্঳র্ফই বফর্ফবচর্ ঴র্ফ।
⇒Example: Without the knowledge of English with proper understanding, you can't complete
______ higher studies as most of the books are written in English in the process of higher
education.
➺ Answer (probable): your.
➠Explanation: Look at the above answer. As higher studies of the given example is a Noun so,
there should be an Adjective before it. সমর্঴র্ু আভযা জাবন Noun এয ঩ূর্ফথ Adjective ফর্঳। র্াই এখার্ন
঱র্থ সভার্ার্ফক Adjective ফ঳ার্র্ ঴র্ফ এফং র্া ঴র্র্ ঴র্ফ Possessive adjective. পর্র এখার্ন Possessive
adjective ব঴র্঳র্ফ your ফ঳ার্না ঴র্য়র্ে, সমর্঴র্ু Subject ব঴র্঳র্ফ You যর্য়র্ে।
�13. Post-modify the Verb with Prepositional Phrase: Here should be a word or group of
words which will work like a Preposition. We should remember that Prepositional Phrase starts
with a preposition and ends with a noun. In fact, a prepositional phrase must have an Object.
Prepositional Phrase শুরু ঴য় একটি preposition দ্বাযা এফং ঳াধাযণর্ স঱ল ঴য় Noun দ্বাযা এফং এর্র্
একটি Object র্ার্ক। ঳ূত্রটি ঴র্র্ ঩ার্য অর্নকটা এভনই: Preposition + article + Noun/ Preposition +
Object.
⇒Example: Without having good command over English, you will suffer ______ of your life.
➺ Answer (probable): in the long run.
➠Explanation: Look at the above answer. Here in the long run is a prepositional phrase as it has
started with a preposition (in), it has an article (the) and it has ended with a noun (long run). So,
it is a prepositional phrase. ঱র্থ ঩ূযণ ঴ওয়ায় in the long run একটি prepositional phrase, সমভনটা
উ঩র্যয ফযাখযায় ফরা আর্ে।
�14. Pre-modify the Noun with a Determiner: Here should be a word or group of words
which will work like an ADJECTIVE. But there are some specific words in this regard. You
have to use a word/ words from the below list.

1. Articles: a, an, the.

2. Demonstrative: this, that, these, those.
3. Distributive: all, both, half, either, neither, each, every, etc.
4. Possessive: my, his, her, our, their, its, your, etc.
5. Quantifiers: a little, a few, much, many, a lot of, some, most, no, any, enough, etc.
6. Number: one, ten, twelve, thirty, hundred, etc.
7. Different Words: other, another.
Pre-determiners [Pre-determiners are normally placed before an indefinite article +
adjective + noun to express an opinion about the noun they modify.]: such, what,
rather, quite, etc.
⇒Example: Actually, the fox wants to cut off our tails because he has _____ tail of his own.
➺ Answer (probable): no.
➠Explanation: Look at the above answer. The answer is a Determiner as it is found in the above
list of determiners. And it has taken its position before a noun to pre-modify Tail. উ঩র্যয List-টি
রক্ষ কযর্র সদখা মায় সম, NO একটি quantifier. অর্থাৎ Determiner ঱ূনযস্থার্ন ফ঳ার্র্ ঴র্র উ঩র্যয বরস্টটি

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ভুখস্ত কর্য স঳খান সর্র্ক প্রা঳বিক একটি ঱ব্দ ফ঳ার্রই চরর্ফ।

�15. Post-modify the Noun with Adjective Clause: Here should be a word or group of words
which will work like an ADJECTIVE Clause. Generally, adjective clause follows this structure:
Noun + Relative Pronoun (that, what, where, which, who, how, why, whom, etc.) + extension. It
means adjective clause appears immediately following the Noun or just after the Noun which
will be modified.
⇒Example: There is hardly any educational institution _______.
➺ Answer (probable): where the local children can get admitted to continue their education.
➠Explanation: Look at the above answer. The answer is a Adjective Clause as it is appeared just
after the noun (institution). And it has started with a relative pronoun Where. ঳াধাযণর্ Adjective
Clause Relative Pronoun দ্বাযা শুরু ঴য় এফং সম Noun-টির্ক modify কযর্র্ ঴র্ফ ঠিক র্ায ঩র্য ফর্঳।
[ সফার্ডথয বনর্দথ ঱না অনুমায়ী অর্নক ধযর্ণযই ঳ঠিক উত্তয ঴র্র্ ঩ার্য। এখার্ন সম উত্তয গুর্রা সদওয়া ঴র্য়র্ে,
স঳গুর্রা সকফরভাত্র উদা঴যণস্বরূ঩। কার্জই ঱র্থ ঩ূযণ কযর্র্ ঩ার্য এভন উত্তয ঴র্রই ব঱ক্ষার্ী র্ায ঩ূণথ নম্বয
঩ার্ফ। (There could be many versions of correct answers. The answers given here should be taken
only as examples.)
HSC Modifiers Quietly- Pzwcmv‡i
Climbing down- wb‡P bvwg‡q/‡b‡g
Vocabulary Part To look- ‡`L‡Z/‡`Lvi Rb¨
Model Questions Well- fv‡jvfv‡e/fv‡jv
One of the greatest Ab¨Zg gnvb †bZv Terrific- fqvbK
leaders of our Cruel- wbôzi
country- Terrible- fq¼i
The great leader- gnr †bZv Fast- `ªæZ
Renowned- weL¨vZ Quickly- ZvovZvwo
Famous- weL¨vZ Carrying- enb Kwiqv/K‡i
One- GK To brake- _vg‡Z
In his room- Zvi iæ‡g/c‡ÿ¨ To stop- _vgv‡Z
The- wU/Uv/Lvbv/Lvwb To control- wbqš¿Y Ki‡Z
At once- ZvrÿwYKfv‡e Violently- Zxeªfv‡e/wns¯ªfv‡e
Instantly- ZvrÿwYKfv‡e Dangerously- wec`¾bfv‡e
These- G¸‡jv Sitting- ewmqv/e‡m
His- Zvi To observe- ch©‡eÿY Ki‡Z/Kivi
Some- wKQz Rb¨
Few- K`vwPr Nearest- Lye Kv‡Q
Greatly- gvivZ¥Kfv‡e Nearby- Kv‡Q
Aimlessly- D‡Ïk¨nxbfv‡e In the hospital- nvmcvZv‡j
Hither and thither- GLv‡b Ges †mLv‡b To know- Rvb‡Z
Very- Lye Popular- RbwcÖq
To see the print- ‡`L‡Z ev †`Lvi Rb¨ Widespread- e¨vcKfv‡e
To notice the print- ‡`L‡Z ev †`Lvi Rb¨ Present- eZ©gvb
Sandy- evjygq Total- mgMÖx
Silently- wbi‡e Varied- wewfbœ

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Numerous- wewfbœ Most- AwaKvsk

Many- A‡bK Some- wKQz
Television- `~i`k©b All- me
Not only- GUv bq Village- MÖvg
Highly- cÖPÐfv‡e Effective- Kvh©Ki
Distance- `~iZ¡ Warmly- DòZvi mv‡_
Run- ‡`Šov‡bv Cordially- AvšÍwiKZvi mv‡_
Many- A‡bK Bright- D¾j
Several- KwZcq Brilliant- ‡gavex
King of Scotland- ¯‹Uj¨v‡Ûi ivRv Meritorious- ‡gavex
Several- wKQz To assist- mvnvh¨ Ki‡Z
Some- wKQz To help them Zv‡`i‡K mvnvh¨ Ki‡Z
Unfortunately- `~f©vM¨ekZ Sultan of Bengal- evsjvi myjZvb
Unluckily- `~f©vM¨ekZ Accidentally- `yN©UbvekZ
Every- cÖ‡Z¨K In the forest- e‡b
That- H To complain- Awf‡hvM Ki‡Z
Again and again- evievi That- H
To reign his kingdom- Zvi ivR¨ cybiæÏvi Before the court- ‡Kv‡U©i mvg‡b
Ki‡Z Full- m¤ú~Y©
The king of beasts- cï‡`i ivRv Whole- m¤ú~Y©
Little- ‡QvU Highly- cÖPÐfv‡e
Lion’s- wms‡ni Without being wkwdZ nIqv Qvov
Very- Lye educated-
To tremble- Kuvcv‡Z Behind- wcQ‡b
Hearing this- GUv ï‡b Total- m¤ú~Y©
Quickly- ZvovZvwo All out- m¤ú~Y©
Swiftly- `ªæZZvi mv‡_ Overall- mvwe©K
Hunter’s- wkKv‡ii Various- wewfbœ
To get rid of the trap- duv` †_‡K gyw³ †c‡Z Different- wewfbœ
Hungry- ÿza©vZ Many- A‡bK
Here and there- GLv‡b †mLv‡b Properly- Dchy³fv‡e
To eat- LvIqvi Rb¨ Rightly- mwVKfv‡e
To satisfy his hunger- Zvi ÿzav wbeviY Ki‡Z Educated- wkwÿZ
Suddenly- nVvr K‡i To utilize- e¨envi Ki‡Z
Any- ‡Kv‡bv To make the right use mwVK e¨envi Ki‡Z
Those- H¸‡jv of-
To reach the grapes- To ensure the right mwVK e¨envi wbwðZ
To get them- G¸‡jv‡K †c‡Z use of- Ki‡e
Daily- cÖwZw`b Consciously- m‡PZbZvi mv‡_
Everyday- cÖwZw`b Carefully- hZœmnKv‡i
To buy and sell- µq Ges weµq Ki‡Z Properly- h_vh_fv‡e
Their- Zv‡`i Very well- Lye fv‡jv
Particular- mywbw`©ó Last week- MZ mßvn
Fixed- wbw`©ó Last month- MZ gvm

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To have - ‡c‡Z Real- ev¯Íe

To spend a few days- wKQz w`b KvUv‡Z Actual- cÖK…Z
Winter- kxZ To the court- Av`vj‡Z
Summer vacation- MÖx®§Kvjxb AeKvk Instantly- ZvrÿwYKfv‡e
So- ZvB To find out the thief- ‡PviwU Luy‡R ‡c‡Z
Getting into the train- Lye To detect the thief- ‡Pvi‡K kbv³ Ki‡Z
Huge- ‡Uª‡b DV‡Z Following- AbymiY Ki‡Q
Vast- eo Next- cieZx©
Sad- wekvj All- me
New- bZzb Then- Zvici
Bad- `ytL At night- iv‡Z
To see the vast open wekvj av‡bi gvV †`L‡Z Carefully- hZœmnKv‡i
paddy field- Good- fv‡jv
Quite- wbtkã Sound- kã
To enjoy the scenery- `„k¨wU Dc‡fvM Kiv Early- ZvovZvwo
Lucky- fvM¨evb Immediate- ZrÿYvr
Poor- Mwie In the morning- mKv‡j
To support- mnvqZv Ki‡Z Fresh- m‡ZR
To maintain- eRvq ivL‡Z ev ivLvi Morning- mKvj
Rb¨ Also- Av‡iv
Ordinary- mvaviY Regularly- wbqwgZ
Golden- ‡mvbvjx To keep them fit- Zv‡`i‡K my¯’ ivL‡Z
To get- ‡c‡Z Mental- gvbwmK
Greedy- ‡jvfx Future- fwel¨Z
To cut- KvU‡Z Following the rules of ¯^v¯’¨i wbqg¸‡jv †g‡b
Simple- mvaviY health-
Cutting- ‡K‡U Taking physical kvixwiK KmiZ K‡i
Living- RxešÍ exercise-
Residing- _vwKqv Less- Kg(AwaKZi)
To go to- ‡h‡Z Cow- Miæ
Air- evZvm To seduce the MÖv‡gi gvbyl‡`i cÖ‡iwPZ
Plane- D‡ovRvnvR villagers- Ki‡Z
Arriving- Avwmqv Quickly- `yªZZvi mv‡_
Being- _vwKqv To rescue- iÿv Ki‡Z
Boarding- D‡V To help- mvnvh¨ Ki‡Z
To get on- DV‡Z Mighty- kw³kvjx
To board- DV‡Z Ferocious- wns¯ª
To fasten the belt- ‡eëwU euvavi Rb¨ To save him- Zv‡K iÿv Ki‡Z
To tighten the belt- ‡eëwU nvjKv K‡i On foot- cv‡q †nu‡U
Slowly- ax‡i ax‡i In the market- evRv‡i
Flying- Do‡Q Vegetable- mewR
A valuable- GKUv g~j¨evb Kitchen- ivbœvNi
His- Zvi To hear- ïb‡Z
Stolen- Pzwi n‡q‡Q finding- Luy‡R

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Necessary- cÖ‡qvRbxq kingdom-

Essential- cÖ‡qvRbxq Eldest- me‡P‡q eo/‡R¨ô
Caring- enb K‡i The first- me© cÖ_g
Taking- wb‡q Greatly- e¨vcKfv‡e
Bearing- enb K‡i To satisfy- mšÍyó Ki‡Z
To notice- jÿ¨ Ki‡Z To please- mš‘ó Ki‡Z
Accompanying- m½ w`‡q Youngest- Kwbô
Shopping- ‡KbvKvUv K‡i A great danger- GKwU eo wec`
Clearly- cwi®‹vifv‡e Widespread- e¨vcK
Often- cÖvqB A number of - A‡‡bK
Very often- cÖvqB Morphine- gv`K`ªe¨
Elaborate- we¯ÍvwiZ ejv Nowadays- eZ©gv‡b
Long- j¤^v At present eZ©gv‡b
Insufficient- Ach©vß Gradually ax‡i axi
Low- Kg Day by day w`‡b w`‡b
To understand eyS‡Z Rapidly `ªæZZvi mv‡_
To get good marks- fv‡jv bv¤^vi †c‡Z By the bad company Amr m‡½i Øviv
Directly- mivmwifv‡e Deliberately D‡Ïk¨ cÖ‡Yvw`Z
Intact- AvdZ The effect of addiction Avmw³i cÖfve
Fairly- b¨vh¨Zvi mv‡_ Their blunder Zv‡`i fzj
A wonderful gift of cÖK…wZi GKwU my›`i No bv
nature- Dcnvi In the body and mind kixi Ges g‡bi g‡a¨
Magnificent- wekvj/RuvKRgKc~Y© A wonder boy Avðh© evjK
Silver- iƒcv A new sensation GKUv bZzb Av‡jvob
Gossiping- ‡LvkMí Kiv Only ïay
Enjoying- Dc‡fvM Ki‡Q To grab AuvK‡o ai‡Z
Some- wKQz To take wb‡Z
To celebrate- D`hvcb Ki‡Z Hiving done well fv‡jvfv‡e †kl K‡i
Little- ‡QvU Taking eleven wickets 11 DB‡KU wb‡q
Written- wjwLZ Outstanding AmvaviY
Soon- kxNªB Extraordinary AmvaviY
Having- ‡c‡q Multi-skilled wfbœ `ÿZv
Required- cÖ‡qvRbxq Record breaker ‡h †iKW© ‡f‡½‡Q
To have a command Bs‡iRx‡Z GKwU `LjZv Record maker ‡h †iKW© ‰Zwi K‡i‡Q
over English- Avb‡Z Home ground
To gain a command Bs‡iRx‡Z GKwU `LjZv Familiar cwiwPZ
over English- AR©b Ki‡Z Enchanting g‡bvgy»Ki
Enough- h‡_ó Practicing PP©v K‡i
Adequate- ch©vß Harmful ÿwZKi
Involved- RwoZ Poisonous welv³
Your memory- ‡Zvgvi ¯§„wZ Chemical ivmvqwbK
Old- cyi‡bv Much/very A‡bK
Three- wZb Rural MÖvgxY
To divide the ivR¨wU fvM Ki‡Z Fearing fq K‡i

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 Page 10 of 16

Affected AvµvšÍ Unluckily `yfvM¨ekZ

Drinking this water GB cvwb cvb K‡i Again Avevi
Greatly e¨vcKfv‡e Getting up early ZvovZvwo D‡V
Acutely cÖK…Zc‡ÿ Quickly `yªZ
Mostly AwaKKvsk Rapidly `ªæZ
Marking `vwM‡q Railway ‡ijjvBb
Colouring is K‡i Standing `uvwo‡q
Same GKB Fast `ªæZ
Geographical ‡fŠ‡MvwjK To move bov‡Z
Tropical MÖv®§gÛjxq Finding Luy‡R
An island in the Pacific cÖkvšÍ gnvmvM‡ii GKwU Already BwZg‡a¨
Øxc Certainly wbwðZfv‡e
To eat meat gvsm †L‡Z Surely wbwðZev‡e
Large eo Undoubtedly wbtm‡›`‡n
Regularly wbqwgZ Once GK`v
Daily cÖwZw`b In those days H w`b ¸‡jv‡Z
Everyday cÖwZw`b Formerly cÖv³b
Efficient `ÿ A good number A‡bK
Proficient `ÿ Held AbywôZ n‡qwQj
Perfect cwic~Y© Talented ‡gavex
Outside evwni Meritorious ‡gavex
Simply mvaviYZ Astonishing Avðh©RbK
Continuous Pjgvb Surprisingly Avðh©RbKfv‡e
Incessant wbiew”Qbœ Handed n¯ÍvšÍi Kiv n‡qwQj
To observe cvjb Ki‡Z Opponent we‡ivax
Closely mwbœwnZ Even GgwbK
On the newspaper cwÎKvq Strict K‡Vvi
To have devotion Ck^ifw³ cvIqvi Rb¨ Most AwaK
Honest mr Rebel we‡`ªvnx
Hard KwVb Forceful ‡Rvi c~e©K
Financial Avw_©K Lucid ¯úó
Dear/beloved wcÖq Against weiæ‡×
To earn AR©b Ki‡Z Throughout ga¨ w`‡q/e¨vcx
To work KvR Ki‡Z Directly mivmwifv‡e
Luggage jv‡MR Not small ‡QvU bq
Baggage e¨v‡MR Not insignificant AZvrc~h© bq
Holding a _vjv a‡i A lot of cÖPzi
plate/box/tray Almost cÖvq
Delicious my¯^v`y Natural cÖvK…wZKfv‡e
Tasty my¯^v`y Which ‡hwU
Smiling ‡n‡m Familiar cwiwPZ
Loud D”Pt¯^‡i Greatly gvivZ¥Kfv‡e
Moving there ‡mLv‡b wM‡q To a great extend e¨vcKfv‡e
Unfortunately `yfvM¨©ekZ Severe Zxeª

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 Page 11 of 16

Great gnvb Staying _vKv

Huge wekvj Sincerely AvšÍwiKZvi mv‡_
Quite Lye/‡ek To achieve success mdjZv AR©b Ki‡Z
Nearly cÖvq Full of difficulties mgm¨vq cwic~Y©
Recent m¤úªwZ With danger wec‡`i mv‡_
Too I Only those GKgvÎ H ¸‡jv
Very Lye The glory of success mdjZvi gwngv
Densely Nbfv‡e Proper Dchy³
Deeply Mfxifv‡e Courageously mvnwmKZvi mv‡_
In the recent past mv¤úªwZK AZx‡Z Bravely mvn‡mi mv‡_
Coming to the coty kn‡i G‡m By turns
Fully m¤ú~Y©fv‡e Very fast Lye `ªæZ
Completely Short-lived ÿYRb¥
Latest me©‡kl Transitory ÿY¯’vqx
Cheaply m¯Ív At that time ZLbKvi mg‡q
Easily mn‡R A new life bZzb Rxeb
To share fvMvfvwM Ki‡Z Everyday cÖwZw`b
Using the internet B›Uvi‡bU e¨envi K‡i Sad `ytwLZ
To buy their necessary Zv‡`i cÖ‡qvRbxq wRwbm To acquire AR©b Ki‡Z
things wKb‡Z To gain knowledge Ávb AR©b Ki‡Z
Widely m¤úªmvwiZfv‡e Proper Dchy³
Browsing it ‡PvL eywj‡q Perfectly h_vh_©fv‡e
Terrible fqvbK Under any obligation ‡h‡Kv‡bv eva¨evaKZvi
Serious gvivZ¥K Aaxb
Tenaciously bv‡Qviev›`vi gZ Unhealthy A¯^v¯’¨Ki
Rigidly `„pZvi mv‡_ To be happy myLx n‡Z
Shortly wKQzÿ‡Yi g‡a¨ Properly
Gradually ax‡i ax‡i Known cwiwPZ
Sitting idle Ajmfv‡e e‡m Leather Pvgov
To idle away your time ‡Zvgvi mgq From door to door Øv‡i Øv‡i
Surely wbwðZfv‡e Rural cÖZ¨šÍ
Certainly wbwðZfv‡e Friendly eÜzfvevcbœ
Incessantly wbiew”Qbœfv‡e Official AvbyôvwbK
Continuously AweiZfv‡e Social mvgvwRK
At home evwo‡Z Entire m¤ú~Y©
Imaginative KvíwbK Totally m¤ú~Y©
Romantic fve wejvwm Everywhere me RvqMvq
The greatest me‡P‡q eo To run towards the mdjZvi †mvbvjx
Probably m¤¢eZ golden deer of success nwb‡Yi w`‡K †`Šov‡Z
Perhaps hw`I To read co‡Z
Deep Mfxi To go through co‡Z
Equally mgvbfv‡e Published cÖKvwkZ
Mainly cÖavbZ Black Kv‡jv
Invariably Culprits ‡`vlx

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Criminals Acivax Moderate gvSvwi

Entire mgMÖ Bumper
Strongly `„pfv‡e Excessive AZ¨vwaK
Unwanted AcÖZvwkK Right mwVK
To book wjwce× Ki‡Z ev Kivi To eradicate this GB mgm¨v wbg~j© Ki‡Z
Rb¨ problem
There ‡mLv‡b Prosperous mg„×kvjx
Not so ‡Zgb bv To celebrate D`hvcb Ki‡Z
Royal ivRKxq Generally mvaviYZ
Well fv‡jv To maintain our Avgv‡`i HwZn¨ iÿv
Mainly cÖavbZ tradition Ki‡Z
Renowned cwiwPwZ Joint ‡Rvov
Depending wbf©i K‡i In the rain e„wó‡Z
Focusing g‡bv‡hvM w`‡q Wild eb¨v
The most me‡P‡q Coral cÖevj
Independent ¯^vaxb Sailing in the sea mvM‡i cvj Zz‡j
South `wÿY Moonlit c~wb©gv
Fighting for nine 9 gvm hy× K‡i Unexpectedly AcÖZ¨vwkZfv‡e
months On the way cw_g‡a¨
Large eo Social worker mvgvwRK Kgx©
Glorious gwngvwš^Z Naughty `yó
Bravely mvnwmKZvi mv‡_ Perverted
Heroically mvnwmKZvi mv‡_ Returning wd‡i
To protect/save iÿv Ki‡Z Being annoyed wei³ n‡q
Tourist ch©UK To be n‡Z
To enjoy its beauty GUvi †mŠ›`h¨© Dc‡fvM To remain _vK‡Z
Ki‡Z Bitter wZZv
To see its beauty GUvi †mŠ›`h¨© †`L‡Z Slowly ax‡i ax‡i
Vital ¸iæZ¡c~Y© Together GKmv‡_
Important ¸iæZ¡c~Y© Greatly gnvbfv‡e
Essential cÖ‡qvRbxq Largely wekvjfv‡e
Significant Zvrch©c~Y© Elaborately we¯ÍvwiZfv‡e
Living RxešÍ Widely e¨vcKfv‡e
Unwisely AÁvZvi mv‡_ Quarrelsome SMov‡U
Unconsciously Am‡PZbvi mv‡_ Easily mn‡R
Throwing Quy‡o Without any trouble ‡Kv‡bv mgm¨v Qvov
Chemical ivmvqwbK Healthy/sound ¯^v¯’¨
Waste e¨q To lead a better life GKwU myLx Rxeb
Human gvbweK gvbyl cwiPvwjZ Ki‡Z
Standing `vwo‡q Certain wbwðZfv‡e
To prevent cÖwZ‡iva Ki‡Z Regularly wbqwgZfv‡e
To grow Rb¥‡Z Early at night iv‡Zi cÖv_wgK ch©v‡q
To produce Drcv`b Ki‡Z Above Dc‡i
Timely mgqg‡Zv Just ïaygvÎ

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Already BwZg‡a¨ Board Questions

Violently wns¯ªfv‡e Widespread e¨vcK
Dangerously wec¾bKfv‡e Present Dcw¯’Z
Covering myself wb‡R‡K jywK‡q Varied wewfbœ
Recent mv¤úªwZK Various wewfbœ
Their Zv‡`i Numerous wewfbœ
These GB¸‡jv Highly cÖPÐfv‡e
To keep them fit Zv‡`‡K my¯’ Ki‡Z Several KwZcq
Mental gvbwmK Rebel we‡`ªvnx
Potential m¤¢ve¨ Ceaselessly AweiZfv‡e
Following these GB¸‡jv AbymiY K‡i Profusely wecyjfv‡e
Doing these G¸‡jv K‡i Relentlessly wbgg©fv‡e
Less AwaKZi Kg To express the wPšÍvfvebv cÖKvk Ki‡Z
Basic ‡gŠwjK thoughts
Main cÖavb To entertain people gvbyl‡`i‡K Avb›` w`‡Z
Fundamental ‡gŠwjK To amuse people gvbyl‡`i‡K Avb›` w`‡Z
To satisfy hunger ÿzav wbeviY Ki‡Z To make people gvbyl‡`i‡K m‡PZb
Opposite wecixZ conscious Ki‡Z
Different wfbœ Extremely Pigfv‡e
Stomach cvK¯’jx Quite Lye
Pleasant myLei Vastly wekvjfv‡e
Interesting gRv`vi Immensely e¨vcKfv‡e
Being invited Avgwš¿Z n‡q Throughout his life Zvi Rxeb e¨vcx
Leaving Z¨vM Kwiqv In a loud voice D”P¯^‡i
Dense Nb With boldness mvnwmKZvi mv‡_
Deep Mfxi With courage mvnwmKZvi mv‡_
Safe and sound wbivc` Ges my¯’ Whimsically Lvg‡LqvwjKZvi mv‡_
Getting down bvwgqv At random G‡jv‡g‡jvfv‡e
Densely Nbfv‡e Ecological cwi‡ekMZ
Deeply Mfxifv‡e Natural cÖvK…wZK
Having ‡c‡q Environmental cwi‡ekMZ
Rapidly `yªZZvi mv‡_ To fulfill cwic~Y© Ki‡Z
Quickly `yªZZvi mv‡_ To execute their Zv`‡i Pjv‡K m¤úv`b
Scientifically ‰eÁvwbKfv‡e heinous greed Ki‡Z
Conscious m‡PZb At a great extent e¨vcKfv‡e
To enrich e„w× Ki‡Z/Kivi Rb¨ Deforestation eb DRvo Kiv
To enhance e„w× Ki‡Z Landless f~wgnxb
To increase e„w× Ki‡Z Occasionally gv‡Sg‡a¨
To improve e„w× Ki‡Z Needy Afvex
Sufficient ch©vß Own wb‡Ri
Being disappointed nZvk nBqv Begging wfÿv Kwiqv
On the bus ev‡m Helpless Amnvq
Having lunch `ycy‡ii Lvevi †L‡q Invalid A‰ea
Moving in the park D`¨v‡b †nu‡U Very well Lye fv‡jvfv‡e

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Quite well Lye fv‡jv Professional ‡ckv`vi

Illiterate AwkwÿZ Praising cÖksmv K‡i
To dispel `yixf~Z Ki‡Z Appreciating cÖksmv K‡i
Who is a farmer ‡h nq GKRb K…lK Forever wPiZ‡i
Common mvaviY Thirsty Z…òv_©
Usually mPivPi Swiftly `ªæZZvi mv‡_
Mostly AwaKvsk‡ÿ‡Î For a while wKQzÿ‡Yi Rb¨
Commonly mvaviYZ Look around Pvicv‡k ZvKv‡bv
Normally mvaviYZ Abruptly Zr
Generally mvaviYZ At once ZrÿYvr
Casually mvaviYZ Liquid Zij
Qualified ‡hvM¨ Vital ¸iæZ¡c~Y©
Skilled `ÿ Polluted `~wlZ
Registered wbeÜbK…Z Contaminated `~wlZ
Using cheap medicine m¯Ív Jla e¨envi K‡i Premature AcwiYZ
Solvent ¯^”Qj Mass MY
Well off ¯^”Qj Accurately wbLyZfv‡e
Poorly Lvivcfv‡e Rightly mwVKfv‡e
Completely/totally m¤ú~Y©fv‡e In midst g‡a¨
Helpless Amnvq In course
To ensure wbwðZ Ki‡Z, wbwðZ In every cÖ‡Z¨K †ÿ‡Î
Kivi Rb¨ sphere/step/phase
Balance mylg In the long run cwi‡k‡l/Ae‡k‡l
Frequently evievi Lovely cÖvYešÍ
Sharply Zx²fv‡e Cunning a~Z©
Immediately ZvrÿwYKfv‡e Crafty wbL~Zfv‡e
Notorious KzL¨vZ Shrewd a~Z©
To blame/condemn ‡`vlv‡ivc Ki‡Z Carelessly AhZ¥fv‡e
This GUv Aimlessly D‡Ïk¨nxb fv‡e
That HUv To assemble wgwjZ Ki‡Z
The mostly military AwaKvsk mvgvwRK Surprising PgKcÖ`
ruled country evwnbx Øviv PvwjZ †`k Attentively g‡bv‡hv‡Mi mv‡_
Spontaneously ¯^Ztù~Zfv‡e Mindfully g‡bv‡hvM mnKv‡i
Successfully mdjZvi mv‡_ To cut off wew”Qbœ Kivi Rb¨
Across the country ‡`ke¨vcx Fierce Zxeª
A disciplined boy GKRb k„•Ljve× ‡Q‡j Eventually cwi‡k‡l
Prime cÖavb To marry we‡q Ki‡Z
Reputed ¯^bvgab¨ Trained `ÿ
Educated wkwÿZ Deserving ‡hvM¨
Sophisticated RwUj Hardly K`vwPr
Noble gnr
At the very early age Aí eqm
HSC Modifier Solution

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 Page 15 of 16

Dhaka Board-2019
Arsenic is a (a) —— (pre-modify the noun) substance. It is (b) —— (use an intensifier to pre-modify the
adjective) dangerous for human health. (c) ——– (use a demonstrative to pre-modify the noun)
substance is found in the water of the tube well. There are (d) ——- (pre- modify the noun) villages in
our country. Most of our (e) ——– (use a noun adjective to pre- modify the noun) people deink tube
well water. At present, they are passing their days (f) ——- (use a participle to post- modify the verb). (g)
——(use a participle to post modify the verb) people suffer from different kinds of problems. This
problem is (h) ——- (pre-modify the verb) found in North Bengal. We should take a serious measure (i)
——- (use an infinitive phrase to post-modify the verb) which produce contaminate water. Government
is trying to identify the tube wells (j) ——– (post-modify the verb).

Solution with Explanation

(a) Arsenic is a (a) —– (pre-modify the noun) substance.
Authentic explanation: Gap (a) সর্ ফরা ঴র্য়ে substance- noun সক pre-modify কযায জনয। ভর্ন যাখর্র্
঴র্ফ, noun সক ঳ফ঳ভয় adjective pre-modify কর্য অর্এফ ., substance- noun এয ঩ূর্ফথ অর্থ অনুমায়ী একটি
adjective ফ঳ার্র্ ঴র্ফ। Answer (a) toxic/poisonous.
(b) It is (b)—– (use an intensifier to pre-modify the adjective) dangerous for human health.
Authentic explanation: Gap (b) সর্ ফরা ঴র্য়র্ে, dangerous ঱ব্দটি সক intensifier বদর্য় pre-modify কযর্র্ ঴র্ফ।
dangerous ঱ব্দটি ঴র্রা adjective। আয intensifier ভার্ন ঴র্রা adjective এয উ঩য সজায প্রদান কর্য এভন বকেু ঱ব্দ।
Intensifier এয ভর্ধয অন্তবুথ ক্ত ঴র্রা very, so, extremely ইর্যাবদ। এই ঱ব্দগুর্রা সমর্঴র্ু adjective সক বফর্঱লাবয়র্ কর্য,
এযা adverb। Answer (b) very.
(c)—- (use a demonstrative to pre-modify the noun) substance is found in the water of the
tube well.
Authentic explanation: Gap (c) সর্ ফরা ঴র্য়র্ে, substance ঱ব্দটিয ঩ূর্ফথ demonstrative ফযফ঴ায কর্য pre-modify
কযর্র্ ঴র্ফ। This, That, These ও Those এই ঱ব্দগুর্রা ঴র্রা Demonstrative। বনকটফর্ী singular সকান বকেু
সফাঝার্র্ This ফযফহৃর্ ঴য়। দূযফর্ী Singular সকান বকেু সফাঝার্র্ That ফযফহৃর্ ঴য়। বনকটফর্ী plural বকেু সফার্ঝার্র্
These ফযফহৃর্ ঴য়। দূযফর্ী Plural সকান বকেু সফাঝার্র্ Those ফযফহৃর্ ঴য়। এই Passage এয ভর্ধয substance ঱ব্দটি
বনকটফর্ী singular. অর্এফ, এয ঩ূর্ফথ this ফযফহৃর্ ঴র্ফ। Answer (c) This.
(d). There are (d) —– (use quantifier to pre-modify the noun) villages in (e) —– (use
possessive to pre-modify the noun) country.
Authentic explanation: Gap (d) সর্ ফরা ঴র্য়র্ে (use quantifier to pre-modify the noun) villages. সম঳ফ ঱ব্দ
দ্বাযা সকার্না বকেু য ঳ংখযা ফা ঩বযভান বনর্দথ ঱ কর্য র্ার্দযর্ক Quantifier ফর্র|
Quantifier: all, any, both, some, no, every, either, neither few, a few, much, many, a many, many, little, a
little, a huge number of, a lot of, lots of, a great deal of, a great amount of, no, none, every, each, some,
any ইর্যাবদ Pre-modifier ব঴র্঳র্ফ ফযফহৃর্ ঴য়।
এখার্ন Villages ঴র্রা Plural Countable Noun মায ঩ূর্ফথ Quantifier ব঴র্঳র্ফ many ফযফহৃর্ ঴র্ফ। Answer: (d)
many
Authentic explanation: Gap (e) সর্ফরা ঴র্য়র্ে (use possessive to pre-modify the noun) country. অর্থযাৎ
Country Noun এয ঩ূর্ফথ Possessive ফযফ঴ায কর্য Modify কযর্র্ ঴র্ফ।
Possessive ঴র্রা my, your, our, his, her, their, its, Jorina‟s. Answer: (e) our.
(f) Most of our (f) —– (use a noun adjective to pre-modify the noun) people drink tube well

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water.
Authentic explanation: Gap (f) সর্ফরা ঴র্য়র্ে একটি Noun Adjective ফযফ঴ায কর্য people-Noun সক Pre-
modify কযর্র্ ঴র্ফ।
Noun Adjective ঴র্রা- একটি Noun মখন অনয একটি Noun এয ঩ূর্ফথ ফর্঳ ঩র্যয Noun-সক modify কর্য, র্খন
প্রর্ভ Noun সক Noun Adjective ফর্র|
এর্ক্ষর্ত্র দুটি Noun ঩া঱া঩াব঱ ফর্঳|
সমভন: Bus Station, School Bus, College Student, Rural People etc. অর্এফ, people- Noun এয ঩ূর্ফথ এভন
একটি Noun ফ঳ার্র্ ঴র্ফ, মা Sentence টির্ক অর্থ঩ূণথ কর্য র্ু রর্ফ।
আয Noun টি ঴র্র্ ঩ার্য rural/village. Answer: (f) village
(g). This problem is (g) —- (pre-modify the verb) found in North Bengal.
Authentic explanation: Gap (g) সর্ found– verb সক Pre-modify কযর্র্ ফরা ঴র্য়র্ে।
আভযা জাবন সম঳ফ Word- verb এয ঩ূর্ফথ ফর্঳ Verb ঳ম্পর্কথ অবর্বযক্ত র্র্য প্রদান কর্য, স঳঳ফ Word সক Verb
Modifier ফর্র।
আযও বনবদথ ষ্ট কর্য ফরর্র, Adverb- Verb এয ঩ূর্ফথ ফর্঳ Verb সক Pre-modify কর্য। অর্এফ, এখার্ন found- Verb
টিয ঩ূর্ফথ একটি Adverb ফব঳র্য় Verb টির্ক Pre-modify কযর্র্ ঴র্ফ। Answer: (g) mainly
(h).We should take proper measures (h) —— (post-modify the verb with an infinitive
phrase).

Authentic explanation: Gap (h) এ একটি Infinitive Phrase ফযফ঴ায কর্য take- Verb সক Post-modify কযর্র্
ফরা ঴র্য়র্ে। Infinitive ভার্ন ঴র্রা To + verb এয Present Form। এখার্নAnswer: (h) to identify the
materials/to prevent this problem
(i). Government is trying to mark the tube wells having arsenic (i) —— (use a participle to
post modify the verb) red colour.
Authentic explanation: Gap (i) সর্ ফরা ঴র্য়র্ে Participle ফযফ঴ায কর্য trying- verb সক Post-modify কযর্র্ ফরা
঴র্য়র্ে।
Participle ঴র্রা দুই প্রকায )ক( :Present Participle= verb+ing; (খ )Past Participle= Vএয P.P । র্র্ফ, ফাংরা
„কবযয়া‟ ফা „কর্য‟ অর্র্থ Present Participle ফযফহৃর্ ঴য়।
প্রদত্ত Sentence টিয ফাংরা অনুফাদ :“঳যকায রার যং কর্য আর্঳থবনক আর্ে এভন টিউফঅর্য়র ঳নাক্ত কযায সচষ্ট
কযর্ে।” অর্থযাৎ, „রার যং কর্য‟ অর্র্থ Present Participle ফযফহৃর্ ঴র্ফ। Answer: (i) painting/marking
(j). People should be refrained from drinking water of (j) —— (use demonstrative to pre-
modify the noun) tube wells.
Authentic explanation: এখার্ন Demonstrative ফযফ঴ায কর্য tube wells- Noun সক Pre-modify কযর্র্
঴র্ফ। Demonstrative Adjective (this, that, these, those) pre-modifier ব঴র্঳র্ফ Noun এয ঩ূর্ফথ ফযফহৃর্ ঴র্য় Noun
এয বনবদথ ষ্টর্া বনর্দথ ঱ কর্য| বনকটফর্ী Singular Noun এয ঩ূর্ফথ This, দূযফর্ী Singular Noun এয
঩ূর্ফথ Those, বনকটফর্ী Plural Noun এয ঩ূর্ফথ These আয দূযফর্ী Plural Noun এয ঩ূর্ফথ Those ফর্঳। এখার্ন tube
wells- Noun টি Plural ঴ওয়ায় এফং দূযফর্ী ফুঝার্নায কাযর্ন Demonstrative- those ফযফহৃর্ ঴র্ফ। Answer: (j)
those

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