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Lecture09_IMP099B_F24

Chapter 2 of the Math Preparatory Program focuses on graphing techniques and transformations of functions, including vertical and horizontal shifts, compressions, stretches, and reflections. The chapter provides examples and solutions for graphing functions, demonstrating how different transformations affect the graph's location, proportions, and orientation. Learning objectives include understanding these techniques and applying them to find the domain and range of various functions.

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2 views

Lecture09_IMP099B_F24

Chapter 2 of the Math Preparatory Program focuses on graphing techniques and transformations of functions, including vertical and horizontal shifts, compressions, stretches, and reflections. The chapter provides examples and solutions for graphing functions, demonstrating how different transformations affect the graph's location, proportions, and orientation. Learning objectives include understanding these techniques and applying them to find the domain and range of various functions.

Uploaded by

mahmoud.shehata.mohamed
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 15

College of Integrative Studies

Chapter 2
Math Preparatory Program Functions and
Their Graphs
Pre-Calculus
for Business

Fall 2024

Copyright © 2020, 2016, 2012 Pearson Education, Inc. 1


2.5: Graphing Techniques: Transformations

Today’s Quote:
The essence of math is not to
make simple things complicated,
but to make complicated things
simple.

Stan Gudder, American


mathematician

Copyright © 2020, 2016, 2012 Pearson Education, Inc. 2


2.5: Graphing Techniques: Transformations

Learning Objectives

• Graph Functions Using Vertical


and Horizontal Shifts.

• Graph Functions Using


Compressions and Stretches.

• Graph Functions Using


Reflections about the
x-axis and the y-axis.

Copyright © 2020, 2016, 2012 Pearson Education, Inc. 3


2.5: Graphing Techniques: Transformations

• Each graphing technique has a different effect


on the graph of a function.

• Compressions and stretches change the


proportions of a graph, and reflections change
the orientation, but not its proportions.

• Vertical and horizontal shifts change the


location of the graph, without changing its
proportions or orientation.
Copyright © 2020, 2016, 2012 Pearson Education, Inc. 4
2.5: Graphing Techniques: Transformations

Copyright © 2020, 2016, 2012 Pearson Education, Inc. 5


2.5: Graphing Techniques: Transformations

Example 1:
Graph the function 𝑓 𝑥 = 𝑥 + 3 − 5. Find the domain
and range of 𝑓.

Copyright © 2020, 2016, 2012 Pearson Education, Inc. 6


2.5: Graphing Techniques: Transformations

Solution
a. First, note that f is basically an absolute value
function, so begin with the graph of 𝑦 = 𝑥 .

Copyright © 2020, 2016, 2012 Pearson Education, Inc. 7


2.5: Graphing Techniques: Transformations

Solution
b. Next, to get the graph of 𝑦 = 𝑥 + 3 , shift the
graph of 𝑦 = 𝑥 horizontally 3 units to the left.

Copyright © 2020, 2016, 2012 Pearson Education, Inc. 8


2.5: Graphing Techniques: Transformations

Solution
c. Finally, to get the graph of y = 𝑥 + 3 − 5, shift
the graph of 𝑦 = 𝑥 + 3 vertically down 5 units.

The domain of f is all real numbers, or −∞, ∞ . The range of f


is −5, ∞ .
Copyright © 2020, 2016, 2012 Pearson Education, Inc. 9
2.5: Graphing Techniques: Transformations

Example 2:
Find the function that is finally graphed after the
following sequence of transformations are applied to
the graph of 𝑦 = 𝑥 .

1. Shift left 2 units.

2. Shift up 3 units.

3. Reflect about the y-axis.

Copyright © 2020, 2016, 2012 Pearson Education, Inc. 10


2.5: Graphing Techniques: Transformations

Solution
1. Shift left 2 units: Replace x by x + 2:
𝑦 = 𝑥+2 .

2. Shift up 3 units: Add 3:


𝑦 = 𝑥 + 2 + 3.

3. Reflect about the y-axis: Replace x by – x:


𝑦 = −𝑥 + 2 + 3.
Copyright © 2020, 2016, 2012 Pearson Education, Inc. 11
2.5: Graphing Techniques: Transformations

Example 3:
Graph the function 𝑓 𝑥 = 1 − 𝑥 + 2. Find the domain
and range of 𝑓.

Copyright © 2020, 2016, 2012 Pearson Education, Inc. 12


2.5: Graphing Techniques: Transformations

Solution
Begin by rewriting 𝑓 𝑥 as 𝑓 𝑥 = −𝑥 + 1 + 2. Now
use the following steps:

Copyright © 2020, 2016, 2012 Pearson Education, Inc. 13


2.5: Graphing Techniques: Transformations

Solution

The domain of f is −∞, 1 and its range is 2, ∞ .

Copyright © 2020, 2016, 2012 Pearson Education, Inc. 14


2.5: Graphing Techniques: Transformations

Classwork:
1. Graph each function using the techniques of shifting,
compressing, stretching, and/or reflecting. Start with the graph
of the basic function and show all the steps. Find the domain and
the range of each function.
!
1. ℎ 𝑥 = 𝑥 − 1 + 3.

2. g 𝑥 = 3 𝑥 − 2 ! + 1.
"
3. 𝑓 𝑥 = − 𝑥 + 1 − 1.

Copyright © 2020, 2016, 2012 Pearson Education, Inc. 15

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