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    Sparta

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    Marivic Pajares
    Sparta was an ancient Greek city-state located in the southern Peloponnese known for its strict social system and military culture. It was ruled by two kings and an oligarchy. Spartan society was divided into Spartiates (full citizens), Perioikoi (free but non-citizens), and Helots (state-owned serfs). Spartan culture was almost entirely focused on military training and excellence in battle from a very young age. Their harsh social system and domination of the Helots through fear and violence allowed the small population of Spartiates to maintain control of the region.

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    Sparta

    Uploaded by

    Marivic Pajares
    48 views18 pages
    Sparta was an ancient Greek city-state located in the southern Peloponnese known for its strict social system and military culture. It was ruled by two kings and an oligarchy. Spartan society was divided into Spartiates (full citizens), Perioikoi (free but non-citizens), and Helots (state-owned serfs). Spartan culture was almost entirely focused on military training and excellence in battle from a very young age. Their harsh social system and domination of the Helots through fear and violence allowed the small population of Spartiates to maintain control of the region.

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    Sparta was an ancient Greek city-state located in the southern Peloponnese known for its strict social system and military culture. It was ruled by two kings and an oligarchy. Spartan society was divided into Spartiates (full citizens), Perioikoi (free but non-citizens), and Helots (state-owned serfs). Spartan culture was almost entirely focused on military training and excellence in battle from a very young age. Their harsh social system and domination of the Helots through fear and violence allowed the small population of Spartiates to maintain control of the region.

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    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
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    48 views18 pages

    Sparta

    Uploaded by

    Marivic Pajares
    Sparta was an ancient Greek city-state located in the southern Peloponnese known for its strict social system and military culture. It was ruled by two kings and an oligarchy. Spartan society was divided into Spartiates (full citizens), Perioikoi (free but non-citizens), and Helots (state-owned serfs). Spartan culture was almost entirely focused on military training and excellence in battle from a very young age. Their harsh social system and domination of the Helots through fear and violence allowed the small population of Spartiates to maintain control of the region.

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    © All Rights Reserved
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    of 18

    Sparta: A Social Experiment

    If you could live in a society where


    everyone was socially and
    economically equal, would you want
    to?
    Where does this history begin?
     Lycurgus

     Dates : Archaic Greece c. 700-500 BCE


    The Way of Life
     Basileus

     Colonization vs. Agriculture

     Xenophobia

     Opposite of Athens
    Where was Sparta?
    See p. 92 of Ancient Greece for
    map
     In the south, on the Laconian plain
    A Cruel and Gloomy Reign
     Burn, rape and pillage

     Helots 10:1

     Avoid uprisings
    Who ruled Sparta?
     Two hereditary kings, 1st among equals
     Ran the military
    Societal Organization
     Top- Kings

     Upper Middle – Citizens

     Lower Middle - Perioikoi

     Bottom - Helots

     Plato: “The organization of your state is that of an


    army camp, not a town.”
    Spartan Government
     Kings

     Gerousia

     Assembly

     Ephors
    Lifestyles of the Spartan Citizen
     Laconic

     No jewelry

     No precious metals

     Only necessary
    possesions
    Values of the Spartan Citizen
     Unquestioning
    Obedience

     Courage

     Indifference to pain,
    cold or heat

     Contempt for other


    civilizations
    How did they live? As invincible
    warriors.
     From cradle to deathbed

     Military caste

     Never risked a battle they thought they


    could not win

     Only distinction is military honor in battle


    What is Spartan Culture?
     Imagine a world where everything is
    subordinate to war . . .
    What is Spartan art?
     Poetry incites warriors to fight

     Music was for war and religion

     Even art depicts the gods in chains


    Spartan vs. Non Spartan Poetry
     Is anything worth dying for? If so, what?
     “Shove your shield in the face of the enemy,
    hating life and embracing death’s dark
    spirits like the sun’s rays . . .” Tyrtaeus
     “Some Thracian is flaunting the shield I left
    thoughtlessly by the brush, an flawless
    piece. So what? I saved myself.”
    Archilochus
    Spartan “Childhood”
     “To bring these things
     Only necessary they steal, some going
    schooling into gardens and
     Provoked to fight
    others insinuating
    themselves
     Taken from home at
    dangerously and
    seven cautiously into the
     Put in herds men’s messes. If
     Only necessary food anyone is caught, he is
    and clothes given many lashes
    with the whip”
    Helots – Sparta’s Problem
     Constantly feared uprising

     Spartan boys spied on them

     Attacked them regularly

     Had to keep standing army to maintain them


    The Krypteia
     Secret warfare tactics
     “this is another form
    of training for war:
    they sent each one out
    naked and ordered him
    to wander outside in
    the mountains for a
    year, maintaining
    himself by theft and
    avoiding detection
    Spartan Lore
     Philip of Macedon: “If I enter Laconia, I
    will level Sparta to the ground.”
     Spartan reply: “If.”

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