CHAPTER – 22

TABULAR REPRESENTATION OF STATISTICAL DATA

Exercise 22.1
Page number 22.15

Question 1: What do you understand by the word “statistics” in:

(i) singular form (ii) plural form?

T IO S I
Solution:
NO A D
CO N
The word statistics is used in both its singular and plural senses.
A
(i) In singular sense, statistics may be defined as science of collection,

PY
DO U A
presentation, analysis and interpretation of numerical data.
T
ED PR

(ii) In plural sense, statistics means numerical facts or observations

collected with definite purpose.
C
©

Question 2: Describe some fundamental characteristics of statistics.

Solution:
Below are some of the fundamental characteristics:
(1) Statistics are collected with definite purpose.
(2) Statistics are expressed quantitatively not qualitatively.
(3) Statistics in an experiment are comparable and can be classified into
different groups.

Question 3: What are (i) primary data (ii) secondary data? Which of
the two—the primary or the secondary data—is more reliable and
why?
Solution:
(i) Primary data: When an investigator collects row data with a definite
plan without using existed sources is called primary data.
(ii)Secondary data: Data which is obtained from other published or
unpublished sources is called secondary data.
Secondary data are collected by an individual or an institution for some
purpose and are used by someone else in another context.

T IO S
Primary data are reliable and relevant because it is original in character
and are collected by some individuals or by research bodies.

I
NO A D
CO N
A
Question 4: Why do we group data?

PY
DO U A
Solution: The data obtained in original form is called raw data. It is
T
difficult to get information from the raw data and is rather confusing
ED PR

sometime. Data is grouped so that it becomes understandable and can be

interpreted. Grouped data is helpful to make calculations of certain values
C

which will help in describing and analyzing the data.

©

Question 5: Explain the meaning of the following terms:

(i) Variate
(ii) Class-integral
(iii) Class-size
(iv) Class-mark
(v) Frequency
(vi) Class limits
(vii)True class limits
Solution:
(i) Variate: Any character that can vary from one individual to another.
(ii) Class-integral: In the data of each group into which raw data is
considered.
(iii) Class-size: The difference between the upper limit and lower limit.
(iv) Class-mark: The middle value of the selected class.
It can be calculated as:

T IO S
(Upper limit + Lower limit)

I
Class-mark =
2
NO A D
CO N
(v) Frequency: The number of observations corresponding to class.
A
(vi) Class limits: Each class is bounded by two figures, called the class

PY
DO U A
limits. The figure on the right side are called upper limit while figure on
T
the left side of the class are called lower limit.
ED PR

(vii)True class limits:

C

If classes are inclusive. For example: 5-9, 10-14, 15-19 and so on

©

Then, true lower limit of class = Lower limit of class – 0.5

And, true upper limit of class = Upper limit of class + 0.5
In this case, True limits of the class is 5-9 are 4.5 and 9.5
But if classes are exclusive like 20-30, 30-40, 40-50 and so on, then class
limits and true class limits are the same.

Question 6: The ages of ten students of a group are given below. The
ages have been recorded in years and months:
8 – 6, 9 – 0, 8 – 4, 9 – 3, 7 – 8, 8 – 11, 8 – 7, 9 – 2, 7 – 10, 8 – 8
(i) What is the lowest age?
(ii) What is the highest age?
(iii) Determine the range?
Solution:
The ages of ten students of a group are:
8 – 6, 9 – 0, 8 – 4, 9 – 3, 7 – 8, 8 – 11, 8 – 7, 9 – 2, 7 – 10, 8 – 8.
(i) Lowest age = 7 years 8 months
(ii) Highest age = 9 years 3 months

T IO S
(iii) Range = Highest age – Lowest age

I
NO A D
CO N
= (9 years 3 months) – (7 years 8 months)
A
= 1 year 7 months

PY
DO U A
T
ED PR

Question 7: The monthly pocket money of six friends is given below:

Rs 45, Rs 30, Rs 40, Rs 50, Rs 25, Rs 45.
C

(i) What is the highest pocket money?

©

(ii) What is the lowest pocket money?

(iii) What is the range?
(iv) Arrange the amounts of pocket money in ascending order.
Solution:
The monthly pocket money of six friends is given below:
Rs 45, Rs 30, Rs 40, Rs 50, Rs 25, Rs 45
(i) Highest pocket money = Rs 50
(ii) Lowest pocket money = Rs 25
(iii) Range = Highest pocket money – Lowest pocket money
 = Rs 50 – Rs 25
= Rs 25
(iv) Ascending order is: Rs 25, Rs 30, Rs 40, Rs 45, Rs 45, Rs 50.

Question 8: Write the class -size in each of the following:

(i) 0-4, 5-9, 10-14
(ii) 10-19, 20-29, 30-39

T IO S I
(iii) 100-120, 120-140, 160-180
NO A D
CO N
(iv) 0-0.25, 0.25-00.50, 0.50-0.75
A
(v) 5-5.01, 5.01-5.02, 5.02-5.03.

PY
DO U A
Solution:
T
ED PR

(i) 0-4, 5-9, 10-14

Since, classes are inclusive, so
C

True lower limit of class = Lower limit of class – 0.5

©

and, True upper limit of class = Upper limit of class + 0.5

True class limits are 0.5-4.5, 4.5-9.5, 9.5-14.5
Therefore, class size = 14.5 – 9.5 = 5

(ii) 10-19, 20-29, 30-39

Since, classes are inclusive, so
True lower limit of class = Lower limit of class – 0.5
and, True upper limit of class = Upper limit of class + 0.5
True class limits 19.5-19.5, 19.5-29.5, 29.5-29.5
Class size = 39.5-29.5 = 10

(iii) 100-120, 120-140, 160-180

Here the class limits and true class limits are the same
So, class size = 120 – 100 = 20

(iv) 0-0.25, 0.25-00.50, 0.50-0.75

T IO S I
Here the class limits and true class limits are the same
NO A D
CO N
So, class size = 0.25 – 0 = 0.25
A

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DO U A
(v) 5-5.01, 5.01-5.02, 5.02-5.03
T
ED PR

Here, class limits and true class limits are the same
So, class size = 5.01 – 5.0 = 0.01.
C
©

Question 9: The final marks in mathematics of 30 students are as

follows:
53, 61, 48, 60, 78, 68, 55, 100, 67, 90,
75, 88, 77, 37, 84, 58, 60, 48, 62, 56,
44, 58, 52, 64, 98, 59, 70, 39, 50, 60.
(i) Arrange these marks in ascending order, 30 to 39 one group,40 to
49 second group etc.
Now answer the following:
(ii) What is the highest score?
(iii) What is the lowest score?
(iv) What is the range?
(v) If 40 is the pass mark how many have failed?
(vi) How many have scored 75 or more?
(vii) Which observations between 50 and 60 have not actually
appeared?
(viii) How many have scored less than 50?
Solution:

T IO S
(i) Arrange marks in ascending order:

I
NO A D
Class Marks Observations Frequency

CO N
A
30-39 37, 39 2

PY
DO U A

40-49 44,48,48 3
T
ED PR

50-59 50, 52, 53, 55, 56, 58, 58, 59 8

C

60-69 60, 60, 60, 61, 62, 64, 67, 68 8

©

70-79 70, 75, 77, 78 4

80-89 84,88 2

90-99 90, 98 2

100-109 100 1

(ii) Highest score = 100

(iii) Lowest score = 37
(iv)Range = Highest score – Lowest score = 100 – 37 = 63
(v) 2
(vi) 8
(vii) 51, 54, 57
(viii) 5

Question 10: The weights of new born babies (in kg.) in a hospital on
a particular day are as follows:

T IO S
2.3, 2.2, 2.1, 2.7, 2.6, 3.0, 2.5, 2.9, 2.8, 3.1, 2.5, 2.8, 2.7, 2.9, 2.4

I
NO A D
(i) Rearrange the highest weight.

CO N
A
(ii) Determine the highest weight.

PY
DO U A
(iii) Determine the lowest weight.
T
ED PR

(iv) Determine the range.

(v) How many babies were born on that day?
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(vi) How many babies weigh below 2.5 kg?

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(vii) How many babies weigh more than 2.8 kg?

(viii) How many babies weigh 2.8 kg?
Solution:
(i) Arrange weights in descending order:
3.1, 3.0, 2.9, 2.9, 2.8, 2.8, 2.7, 2.7, 2.6, 2.5, 2.5, 2.4, 2.3, 2.2, 2.1.
(ii) Highest weight = 3.1 Kg
(iii) Lowest weight = 2.1 Kg
(iv) Range = 3.1 kg – 2.1 kg = 1.0 Kg
(v) 15 babies were born on that particular day.
(vi) 4 babies weight below 2.5 Kg.
(vii) Babies more than 2.8 Kg weight are 4.
(viii) Babies weigh 2.8 Kg are 2.

Question 11: The number of runs scored by a cricket player in 25

innings is as follows:
26, 35, 94, 48, 82, 105, 53, 0, 39, 42, 71, 0, 64, 15, 34, 15, 34, 6, 71, 0, 64,

T IO S
15, 34, 15, 34, 67, 0, 42, 124, 84, 54, 48, 139, 64, 47

I
NO A D
(i) Rearrange these runs in ascending order.

CO N
A
(ii) Determine the player, is highest score.

PY
(iii) How many times did the player not score a run?
DO U A
T
(iv) How many centuries did he score?
ED PR

(v) How many times did he score more than 50 runs?

C

Solution:
©

(i) Runs in an ascending order:

0, 0, 0, 0, 6, 15, 15, 15, 15, 26, 34, 34, 34, 34, 35, 39, 42, 42, 47, 48, 48,
53, 54, 64, 64, 64, 67, 71, 71, 82, 90, 124, 139.
(ii) Highest Score = 139
(iii) 3 times, he did not score any run.
(iv) He scored 3 centuries.
(v) He scored more than 50 runs 12 times.

Question 12: The class size of a distribution is 25 and the first class-
interval is 200-224. There are seven class-intervals.
(i) Write the class-intervals.
(ii) Write the class-marks of each intervals.
Solution:
Since, there are 7 class intervals and first class is 200–224, therefore all
the class intervals are:
(i) 200–224
(ii) 225–249

T IO S
(iii) 250–274
(iv) 275–299

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(v)
NO A D
300–324

CO N
(vi) 325–349
A
(vii) 350–374

PY
DO U A
We know that the class mark corresponding to each class mark is given
T
ED PR

by:
lower limit+upper limit
Class Mark =
2
C
©

Now,
200+224
= 212
2
225+249
= 237
2
250+274
= 262
2
275+299
= 287
2
300+324
= 312
2
325+349
= 337
2
350+374
= 362
2
Therefore, the class marks are:
212, 237, 262, 287, 312, 337 and 362

Question 13: Write the class size and class limits in each of the
following:
(i) 104, 114, 124, 134, 144, 154 and 164

T IO S
(ii) 47, 52, 57, 62, 67, 72, 77, 82, 87, 92, 97 and 102

I
NO A D
(iii) 12.5, 17.5, 22.5, 27.5, 32.5, 37.5, 42.5, 47.5

CO N
A
Solution:

PY
DO U A
(i) Here, the data is distributed uniformly. So the class size h is given by
difference between any two consecutive data. So,
T
ED PR

ℎ = 114 − 104 = 10
If a is the class mark of a class interval and h be the class size, then the
C

ℎ
©

lower and upper limits of the class interval are: 𝑎 − and 𝑎 +

2
ℎ
respectively
2

Lower limit of first class interval is;

ℎ 10
𝑎 − = 104 − = 99
2 2

And, upper limit of first class interval is:

ℎ 10
𝑎 + = 104 + = 109
2 2

Other class limits are:

 Class Marks Class Limits
104 99-109
114 109-119
124 119-129
134 129-139
144 139-149
154 149-159
164 159-169

T IO S
(ii) Here, the data is distributed uniformly. So the class size h is given by

I
difference between any two consecutive data. So,
NO A D
CO N
ℎ = 52 − 47 = 5
A
If a is the class mark of a class interval and h be the class size, then the

PY
DO U A
ℎ
lower and upper limits of the class interval are: 𝑎 − and 𝑎 +
T 2
ED PR

ℎ
respectively
2

Lower limit of first class interval is;

C
©

ℎ 5
𝑎 − = 47 − = 44.5
2 2

And, upper limit of first class interval is:

ℎ 5
𝑎 + = 47 + = 49.5
2 2

Other class limits are:

 Class Marks Class Limits
47 44.5 – 49.5
52 49.5 – 54.5
57 54.5 – 59.5
62 59.5 – 64.5
67 64.5 – 69.5
72 69.5 – 74.5
77 74.5 – 79.5
82 79.5 – 84.5
84.5 – 89.5

T IO S
87
92 89.5 – 94.5

I
NO A D
97 94.5 – 99.5

CO N
102 99.5 – 104.5
A

PY
DO U A
(iii) Here, the data is distributed uniformly. So the class size h is given by
T
difference between any two consecutive data. So,
ED PR
C

If a is the class mark of a class interval and h be the class size, then the
©

ℎ
lower and upper limits of the class interval are: 𝑎 − and 𝑎 +
2
ℎ
respectively
2

Lower limit of first class interval is;

ℎ 5
𝑎 − = 12.5 − = 10
2 2

And, upper limit of first class interval is:

ℎ 5
𝑎 + = 12.5 + = 15
2 2

Other class limits are:

 Class Marks Class Limits
12.5 10 – 15
17.5 15 – 20
22.5 20 – 25
27.5 25 – 30
32.5 30 – 35
37.5 35 – 40
42.5 40 – 45
47.5 45 – 50

T IO S I
Question 14: Following data gives the number of children in 40
NO A D
families:

CO N
A
1, 2, 6, 5, 1, 5, 1, 3, 2, 6, 2, 3, 4, 2, 0, 0, 4, 4, 3, 2, 2, 0, 0, 1, 2, 2, 4, 3, 2,
1, 0, 5, 1, 2, 4, 3, 4, 1, 6, 2, 2.

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Represent it in the form of a frequency distribution.

T
ED PR

Solution:
Here, the maximum and minimum values of the variate are 6 and 0
C

respectively.
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So the range = 6 – 0 = 6
Here, we will take class size 1. So we must have 6 classes each of size 1.
Therefore, the frequency distribution in which the lower limit is included
and upper limit excluded is:
Children’s Tally Marks Frequency
0–1 5
1–2 || 7
2–3 || 12
3–4 5
4–5 | 6
5–6 ||| 3
6–7 ||| 3
Total 41
Question 15: The marks scored by 40 students of class IX in
mathematics are given below:
81, 55, 68, 79, 85, 43, 29, 68, 54, 73, 47, 35, 72, 64, 95, 44, 50, 77, 64, 35,
79, 52, 45, 54, 70, 83, 62, 64, 72, 92, 84, 76, 63, 43, 54, 38, 73, 68, 52, 54
Prepare a frequency distribution with class size of 10 marks.
Solution:
Here, the maximum and minimum values of the variate are 95 and 29
respectively.

T IO S
So the range = 95 – 29 = 66

I
NO A D
Here, we will take class size 10. So we must have 7 classes each of size

CO N
A
10

PY
DO U A
Lower limit of first class interval is;
T
ℎ 10
𝑎 − = 29 − = 24
ED PR

2 2

And, upper limit of first class interval is:

C

ℎ 10
𝑎 + = 29 + = 34
©

2 2

Therefore, the frequency distribution in which the lower limit is included

and upper limit excluded is:
Marks Tally Marks Frequency
24 – 34 | 1
34 – 44 | 6
44 – 54 | 6
54 – 64 || 7
64 – 74 10
74 – 84 | 6
84 – 94 |||| 4
Total 40
Question 16: The heights (in cm) of 30 students of class IX are given
below:
155, 158, 154, 158, 160, 148, 149, 150, 153, 159, 161, 148, 157, 153, 157,
162, 159, 151, 154, 156, 152, 156, 160, 152, 147, 155, 163, 155, 157, 153

Prepare a frequency distribution table with 160-164 as one of the class

intervals.
Solution:

T IO S
One of the class intervals is 160–164. This means that class size is 4

I
Here, the maximum and minimum values of the variate are 163 and 147
NO A D
CO N
respectively.
A
So the range = 163 – 147 = 16

PY
DO U A
Here, we will take class size 4. So we must have 5 classes each of size 4
T
ED PR

Lower limit of first class interval is;

ℎ 4
𝑎 − = 147 − = 145
C

2 2
©

And, upper limit of first class interval is:

ℎ 4
𝑎 + = 147 + = 149
2 2

Therefore, the frequency distribution in which the lower limit is included

and upper limit excluded is:
Heights (in cm) Tally Marks Frequency
144 – 148 | 1
148 – 152 5
152 – 156 10
156 – 160 |||| 9
160 – 164 5
Total 30
Question 17: The monthly wages of 30 workers in a factory are given
below:
83.0, 835, 890, 810, 835, 836, 869, 845, 898, 890, 820, 860, 832, 833,
855, 845, 804, 808, 812, 840, 885, 835, 836, 878, 840, 868, 890, 806, 840,
890.
Represent the data in the form of a frequency distribution with class
size 10.
Solution:

T IO S
Here, the maximum and minimum values of the variate are 898 and 804

I
respectively.
NO A D
CO N
So the range = 898 – 804 = 94
A
Here, we will take class size 10. So we must have 94/10 i.e. 10 classes

PY
DO U A
each of size 10.
T
ED PR

Therefore, the frequency distribution in which the lower limit is included

and upper limit excluded is:
C

Lower limit of first class interval is;

©

ℎ 10
𝑎 − = 804 − = 799
2 2

And, upper limit of first class interval is:

ℎ 10
𝑎 + = 804 + = 809
2 2

Other class limits are:

Monthly wages Tally marks Frequency
799 – 809 ||| 3
809 – 819 || 2
819 – 829 | 1
829 – 839 ||| 8
839 – 849 5
849 – 859 | 1
 859 – 869 || 2
869 – 879 || 2
879 – 889 | 1
889 – 899 5
Total 30

Question 18: The daily maximum temperatures (in degree Celsius)

recorded in a certain city during the month of November are as
follows:

T IO S
25.8, 24.5, 25.6, 20.7, 21.8, 20.5, 20.6, 20.9, 22.3, 22.7, 23.1, 22.8, 22.9,

I
21.7, 21.3, 20.5, 20.9, 23.1, 22.4, 21.5, 22.7, 22.8, 22.0, 23.9, 24.7, 22.8,
NO A D
CO N
23.8, 24.6, 23.9, 21.1
A
Represent them as a frequency distribution table with class size 1°C.

PY
DO U A
Solution:
T
ED PR

Here, the maximum and minimum values of the variate are 25.8 and 20.5
respectively.
C

So the range = 25.8 – 20.5 = 5.3

©

Here, we will take class size 1.

Lower limit of first class interval is;
ℎ 1
𝑎 − = 20.5 − = 20
2 2

And, upper limit of first class interval is:

ℎ 1
𝑎 + = 20.5 + = 21
2 2

Therefore, the frequency distribution in which the lower limit is included

and upper limit excluded is:
 Temperature (in °C) Tally marks Frequency
20 – 21 | 6
21 – 22 5
22 – 23 |||| 9
23 – 24 5
24 – 25 ||| 3
25 – 26 || 2
Total 30

T IO S
Question 19: Construct a frequency table with equal class intervals

I
from the following data on the monthly wages (in rupees) of 28
NO A D
CO N
labourers working in a factory, taking one of the class intervals as
A
210-230 (230 not included):

PY
DO U A
220, 268, 258, 242, 210, 268, 272, 242, 311, 290, 300, 320, 319, 304, 302,
T
318, 306, 292, 254, 278, 210, 240, 280, 316, 306, 215, 256, 236.
ED PR

Solution:
C

Here, the maximum and minimum values of the variate are 320 and 210
©

respectively.
So the range = 320 – 210 = 110
Here, we will take class size 20 (As one class interval is 210–230).
Therefore, the frequency distribution in which the lower limit is included
and upper limit excluded is:
Monthly wages Tally marks Frequency
210 – 230 5
230 – 250 |||| 4
250 – 270 5
270 – 290 || 2
290 – 310 || 7
310 – 330 5
Total 28
Question 20: The blood groups of 30 students of class VIII are
recorded as follows:
A, B, O, O, AB, O, A, O, B, A, O, B, A, O, O,
A, AB, O, A, A, O, O, AB, B, A, O, B, A, B, O
Represent this data in the form of a frequency distribution table. Find
out which is the most common and which is the rarest blood group
among these students.
Solution:

T IO S
It can be observed that 9 students have their blood group as A, 6 as B, 3

I
as AB, and 12 as O.
NO A D
CO N
Therefore, the blood group of 30 students of the class can be represented
A
as follows.

PY
DO U A
Blood group Number of students
T
ED PR

A 9
B 6
C
©

AB 3
O 12
Total 30

It can be observed clearly that the most common blood group and the
rarest blood group among these students is O and AB respectively as 12
(maximum number of students) have their blood group as O, and 3
(minimum number of students) have their blood group as AB.

Question 21: Three coins were tossed 30 times. Each time the number
of heads occurring was noted down as follow:
 0 1 2 2 1 2 3 1 3 0
1 3 1 1 2 2 0 1 2 1
3 0 0 1 1 2 3 2 2 0
Prepare a frequency distribution table for the data given above.
Solution:
By observing the data given above, the required frequency distribution
table can be constructed as follows.

T IO S
Number of heads Number of times (frequency)

I
NO A D
0 6

CO N
A
1 10

PY
DO U A
2 9
T
ED PR

3 5
Total 30
C
©

Question 22: Thirty children were asked about the number of hours
they watched T.V. programmes in the previous week. The results
were found as follows:
1 6 2 3 5 12 5 8 4 8
10 3 4 12 2 8 15 1 17 6
3 2 8 5 9 6 8 7 14 12
(i) Make a grouped frequency distribution table for this data, taking
class width 5 and one of the class intervals as 5-10.
(ii) How many children watched television for 15 or more hours a
week?
Solution:
(i) Our class intervals will be 0 − 5, 5 − 10, 10 −15…...
The grouped frequency distribution table can be constructed as follows.
Hours Number of children
0−5 10
5 − 10 13
10 − 15

T IO S
5

I
15 − 20 2
NO A D
CO N
Total 30
A

PY
DO U A

(ii) The number of children who watched TV for 15 or more hours a week
T
ED PR

is 2 (i.e., the number of children in class interval 15 − 20).

C

Question 23: The daily minimum temperatures in degrees Celsius

©

recorded in a certain Arctic region are as follows:

− 12.5, −10.8, −18.6, −8.4, −10.8, −4.2, −4.8, −6.7, −13.2, −11.8, −2.3,
1.2, 2.6, 0, −2.4, 0, 3.2, 2.7, 3.4, 0, −2.4, −2.4, 0, 3.2, 2.7, 3.4, 0, −2.4,
−5.8, −8.9, −14.6, −12.3, −11.5, −7.8, −2.9.
Represent them as frequency distribution table taking −19.9 to − 15
as the first class interval.
Solution:
Since the first class is –19.9 to –15
Therefore, the frequency distribution in which the lower limit is included
and upper limit excluded is:
 Temperature Tally marks Frequency
– 19.9 to – 15 || 2
– 15 to – 10.1 || 7
– 10.1 to – 5.2 5
– 5.2 to – 0.3 |||| 4
– 0.3 to 4.6 || 17
Total 35

T IO S I
NO A D
CO N
A

PY
DO U A
T
ED PR
C
©
 Exercise 22.2
Page number 22.24

Question 1: Define cumulative frequency distribution.

Solution:
A table which displays the manner in which cumulative frequencies are
distributed over various classes.

T IO S I
NO A D
Question 2: Explain the difference between a frequency distribution

CO N
A
and a cumulative frequency distribution.

PY
Solution:
DO U A
T
Frequency distribution is a method to represent raw data in the form from
ED PR

which one can easily understand the information contained in a raw data,
where a table which plays the manner in which cumulative frequencies
C

are distributed over various classes is called a cumulative frequency

©

distribution.

Question 3: The marks scored by 55 students in a test are given below:

Marks 0-5 5-10 10-15 15-20 20-25 25-30 30-35
No. of students 2 6 13 17 11 4 2

Prepare a cumulative frequency table.

Solution:
Cumulative frequency table from the given data:
 Marks No. of students Marks Cumulative Frequency
0–5 2 Less than 5 2
5 – 10 6 Less than 10 8
10 – 15 13 Less than 15 21
15 – 20 17 Less than 20 38
20 – 25 11 Less than 25 49
25 – 30 4 Less than 30 53
30 – 35 2 Less than 35 55

T IO S
N = 55

I
NO A D
CO N
Question 4: Following are the ages of 360 patients getting medical
A
treatment in a hospital on a day:

PY
DO U A
Age (in years): 10-20 20-30 30-40 40-50 50-60 60-70
T
ED PR

No. of Patients: 90 50 60 80 50 30
C

Construct a cumulative frequency distribution.

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Solution:
The ages in years of 360 patients are given as
Age No. of patients
10 – 20 90
20 – 30 50
30 – 40 60
40 – 50 80
50 – 60 50
60 – 70 30

The cumulative frequency distribution is the following:

 Age (years) Frequency Cumulative frequency
10 – 20 90 90
20 – 30 50 140
30 – 40 60 200
40 – 50 80 280
50 – 60 50 330
60 – 70 30 360

T IO S
Question 5: The water bills (in rupees) of 32 houses in a certain street

I
for the period 1.1.98 to 31.3.98 are given below:
NO A D
CO N
56, 43, 32, 38, 56, 24, 68, 85, 52, 47, 35, 58, 63, 74, 27, 84, 69, 35, 44, 75,
A
55, 30, 54, 65, 45, 67, 95, 72, 43, 65, 35, 59.

PY
DO U A
Tabulate the data and present the data as a cumulative frequency
T
table using 70-79 as one of the class intervals.
ED PR

Solution:
C

The minimum and maximum bills are 24 Rs. and 95 Rs.

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The range is 95 − 24 = 71.

Given that 70-79 is a class-interval. So, the class size is 79 − 70 = 9.
Now calculate
𝑅𝑎𝑛𝑔𝑒
𝑐𝑙𝑎𝑠𝑠−𝑠𝑖𝑧𝑒
71
=
9

= 7.89
Thus, the number of classes is 8.
The cumulative frequency distribution is the following:
 Bills (Rs.) No. of Houses Cumulative frequency
(Frequency)
16 – 25 1 1
25 – 34 3 4
34 – 43 5 9
43 – 52 4 13
52 – 61 7 20
61 – 70 6 26
70 – 79 3 29
79 – 88 2 31

T IO S
88 – 97 1 32

I
NO A D
CO N
A
Question 6: The number of books in different shelves of a library are
as follows:

PY
DO U A

30, 32, 28, 24, 20, 25, 38, 37, 40, 45, 16, 20
T
ED PR

19, 24, 27, 30, 32, 34, 35, 42, 27, 28, 19, 34,
38, 39, 42, 29, 24, 27, 22, 29, 31, 19, 27, 25
28, 23, 24, 32, 34, 18, 27, 25, 37, 31, 24, 23,
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43, 32, 28, 31, 24, 23, 26, 36, 32, 29, 28, 21
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Prepare a cumulative frequencies distribution table using 45-49 as the

last class-interval.
Solution:
The minimum and maximum numbers of books in shelves are 16 and 45.
The range is 45 − 16 = 29.
Given that 45-49 is the last class-interval. So, the class size is 49 – 45 =
4.
Now calculate
𝑅𝑎𝑛𝑔𝑒
𝑐𝑙𝑎𝑠𝑠−𝑠𝑖𝑧𝑒
 29
= = 7.25
4

Thus, the number of classes is 8.

The cumulative frequency distribution is the following:
No. of Books No. of Shelves Cumulative frequency
(Frequency)
13 – 17 1 1
17 – 21 6 7
21 – 25 11 18

T IO S
25 – 29 15 33

I
29 – 33 12 45
NO A D
33 – 37

CO N
5 50
A
37 – 41 6 56
41 – 45

PY
3 59
DO U A
45 – 49 1 60
T
ED PR

Question 7: Given below are the cumulative frequencies showing the

weights of 685 students of a school. Prepare a frequency distribution
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table.
Weight (in kg) No. of students
Below 25 0
Below 30 24
Below 35 78
Below 40 183
Below 45 294
Below 50 408
Below 55 543
Below 60 621
Below 65 674
Below 70 685
Solution:
We make class intervals 0-25, 25-30, 30-35, 35-40, 40-45, 45-50, 50-55,
55-60, 60-65 and 65-70.
We will now find the frequencies of the different class-intervals from the
cumulative frequency distribution table.
The frequency of the class 0-25 is 0.
The frequency of the class 25-30 is 24 − 0 = 24.

T IO S
The frequency of the class 30-35 is 78 − 24 = 54.

I
NO A D
The frequency of the class 35-40 is 183 − 78 = 105.

CO N
A
The frequency of the class 40-45 is 294 − 183 = 111.

PY
The frequency of the class 45-50 is 408 − 294 = 114.
DO U A
T
The frequency of the class 50-55 is 543 − 408 = 135.
ED PR

The frequency of the class 55-60 is 621 − 543 = 78.

C

The frequency of the class 60-65 is 674 − 621 = 53.

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The frequency of the class 65-70 is 685 − 674 = 11.

Here is the cumulative frequency distribution table.
 Frequency
Class – Intervals
(Weight) (No. of students)
0 – 25 0
25 – 30 24
30 – 35 54
35 – 40 105
40 – 45 111
45 – 50 114

T IO S
50 – 55 135

I
55 – 60 78
NO A D
60 – 65

CO N
53
A
65 – 70 11

PY
DO U A
T
Question 8: The following cumulative frequency distribution table
ED PR

shows the daily electricity consumption (in KW) of 40 factories in an

industrial state:
C

Consumption (in KW) No. of Factories

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Below 240 1
Below 270 4
Below 300 8
Below 330 24
Below 360 33
Below 390 38
Below 420 40

(i) Represent this as a frequency distribution table.

(ii) Prepare a cumulative frequency table.
Solution:
We make class intervals 0-240, 240-270, 270-300, 300-330, 330-360,
360-390 and 390-420.
(i) We will now find the frequencies of the different class-intervals.
Just proceed reverse to you proceed to generate cumulative frequency
Here is the frequency distribution table.
Class – Intervals Frequency
(Consumption) (No. of Families)

T IO S
0 – 240 1
240 – 270

I
3
NO A D
270 – 300 4

CO N
300 – 330 16
A
330 – 360 9

PY
360 – 390
DO U A
5
390 – 420 2
T
ED PR

(ii) We are given the cumulative frequency table and we are asked to
C

prepare new one.

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So we will generate in some other fashion. Concentrate on frequency table

and prepare the table. Here is the cumulative frequency distribution table.
(Consumption) No. of Families
more than 0 40
more than 240 39
more than 270 39
more than 300 32
more than 330 16
more than 360 7
more than 390 2
more than 420 0
Question 9: Given below is a cumulative frequency distribution table
showing the ages of people living in a locality:
Age in years No. of persons
Above 108 0
Above 96 1
Above 84 3
Above 72 5
Above 60 20

T IO S
Above 48 158

I
Above 36 427
NO A D
Above 24 809

CO N
A
Above 12 1026
Above 0 1124

PY
DO U A
T
ED PR

Prepare a frequency distribution table.

Solution:
C

We make class intervals 0-12, 12-24, 24-36, 36-48, 48-60, 60-72, 72-84,
©

84-96 and 96-108.

We will now find the frequencies of the different class-intervals from the
cumulative frequency distribution table.
The frequency of the class 0-12 is 1026−1124=98
The frequency of the class 12-24 is1026−809=217
The frequency of the class 24-36 is 809−427=382
The frequency of the class 36-48 is 427−158=269
The frequency of the class 48-60 is 158−20=138
The frequency of the class 60-72 is 20−5=15
The frequency of the class 72-84 is 5−3=2
The frequency of the class 84-96 is 3−1=2
The frequency of the class 96-108 is 1−0=1
Here is the cumulative frequency distribution table.
Class – Intervals Frequency
(Ages) (No. of Persons)
0 – 12 98
12 – 24 217
24 – 36 382

T IO S
36 – 48 269

I
48 – 60 138
NO A D
60 – 72 15

CO N
A
72 – 84 2
84 – 96 2

PY
DO U A
96 – 108 1
T
ED PR
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