Object:

To analyse one cation and one anion in the given salt (BaCO3]
S. No Experiment Observation Inference
1 Colour of the salt No change Cutt.Nitt, Cott,Fett, Fett*, Mn
may be absent

2. Dry heating test

Heated a pinch of the salt in On heating, turned Zntt may be present.
a dry test tube. into yellow.

3 Flame Test
Made a paste of the salt in Apple green colour Ba2t present.
conc. HCl and dipped the appeared.
clean Pt wire in the paste
and introduce it in the non
luminous (oxidizing) flame.
4. Sodium hydroxide test
Heated a pinch of salt with NH, like smell gas Zero group( NHË Jmay be absent.
sodium hydroxide solution. 0s not evolved.

5. Took a small amount of White precipitate Group-1 (Pb**) absent.

original solution (if did not appeared.
prepared in hot
concentrated HCl) in a
micro test tube and added
cold water to it and cooled
the test tube in tap water.
If original solution is
prepared in water and on
the addition of dilute HCI No precipitate Groupll(Astt+, Pbt+,Cutt Jabsent.
6. In the above solution, appeared
added a few drops of H,S
solution.
7. Took the original solution in No precipitate Group-ll (Fet++, AL+tt) absent
a micro test tube and added observed
2-3 drops of concentrated
HNO, to oxidise Fett to
Fettt ions. Heated the
solution for a few minutes.
After cooling, added a small
amount of solid ammonium
chloride and an excess of
ammonium hydroxide
solution till its smells of
ammonia. Shaked the test
tube and observed the
colour and the nature of the
 Salt Analysis

precipitate.
Group IV ( Cot*, Nit*,Zntt,Mnt*)
8. If group-ll is absent, added No precipitate
a few drops of H,S solution appeared absent.
to the solution of group-ll.

9 Took the original solution in Awhite ppt Group V(Ba,Sr, Ca*) may be
a micro test tube and added appeared present.
a small amount of solid
NH Cl and an excess of
NH,OH, followed by solid
ammonium carbonate
(NH ),CO,
10. Separated the precipitate Yellow ppt Batt confirmed.
by decantationand washed appeared
with water. Dissolved in hot
dilute acetic acid and
divided the solution into

three parts.
Transferred two drops of
the solution to a well and
added two drops of
potassium chromate
solution.
Dilute sulphuric acid test
To a pinch of salt, taken in a Acolourless, CO3 are present.
11. test tube, added a few odourless gas is
evolved with brisk
drops of dil. H,S04.
effervescence,
which turns lime
water milky.

12. Took half a micro spatula of The gas from this Co, confirmed.
the salt in one arm of W arm bubbles
tube and transferred two through the lime
drops of lime water in the water. The lime
other arm with the help of a water turns milky. If
dropper. Now, transferred gas is passed in
2-3 drops of dilute H,S04 excess through it,
with the help of the the milkiness
dropper in the first arm and disappears
closed it with your thumb.

Result:
The given salt contains following radicals:

(0) Basic radical: Barium ion (Ba*)

() Acidic radical: carbonate ion (C0% )
 EXPERIMENT NO DATE
basic radical.
AIM- To analyse the given salt for acidic and
MATERIALS :- Inference
Experiment Observations
1. Physical Examination Cuz* Fez, Fe, Mn, Co, Ni may
(a) Colour White
be absent

Vinegar like CH;COO' may be present

(b) Smell
2. Flame test:- Prepared a paste of the salt Dull bluish white flame
with conc. HCI & performed flame test Pb present
ANALYSIS OF ACIDIC RADICAL
CO, s², SO and NOz may be
Dil. Sulphuric test:
No. gas evolved absent
Salt + dil. HzSO4,

Coloourless vapours with CH3CO0 may be present

4 Conc. Sulphuric test:
Salt + conc. H2S04
Vinegar like smell evolved
Confirmnatory test for CH,CO0:
(a) Oxalic acid test: CH3COO confirmed
Make a paste of salt and solid oxalic Vinegar like smell
acid with water, rub and smell it

(b) Salt solution + neutral FeCl, Solution

Deep red colour CH:COo confirmed

ANALYSIS OF BASIC RADICAL

6. TEST FORZERO GROUP:
No Ammonical smell NH4 may be absent
Test for ammonium ion:
Salt + NaOH solution, heat

7 TEST FOR I GROUP White ppt Pb may be present

Salt solution + dil. HCI

8. Confirmatory test for Pb*:

Dissolve the white ppt in hot water &
divide the solution into two parts
Yellow ppt Pb2* confirmed
(a) First part + Kl solution
Yelloe ppt Pb2* confirmed
(b) Second part + K,CrO4 solution

Result:- The given inorganic salt contains:- Cation- Pband anion CH3CO0
EXPERIMENT NO0 DATE
AIM- To analyse the given salt for acidic and basic radical.
MATERIALS -
EXPERIMENT OBSERAVATION INFERENCE
1.PHYSICAL EXAMINATION OF THE SALT

Mn,Ni, Co*Fe* etc are

a) COLOUR White absent.
NH4 ,CH3COO etc. May be
absent
b)oDOUR No odour
c) DRY HEATING TEST Colourless gas with pungent Cl may be present.
Small quantity of given salt is heated in a smell,gives white fumes with glass rod
dry test tube. dipped in Ammonia solution.
ANALYSIS OF ACIDIC RADICAL
2. DILUTE SULPHURIC ACID TEST No characteristic reaction Group I anions are absent
To a small quantity of given salt taken in a Co, s, So and NO;
dry testube dilute sulphuric acid is added. may be absent

3.CONCENTRATED SULPHURIC ACID TEST Colourless gas with pungent ct may be present.
To a small qunatity of salt taken in a dry test smell,gives white fumes with glassrod
tube added conc H,SO4 and heated. dipped in Ammonia solution.
CONFIRMATORY TEST FOR CHLORIDE White ppt. is ontained which is Cl is present and
SILVER NITRATE TEST completely soluble in ammonium confirmed
To a smnall quantity of ag. Salt solution hydroxide.
added DilHNO;,boiled ooled and added
Silver nitrate solution.

CONFIRMATORY TEST FOR CHLORIDE Cl is present and

Chromyl chloride test: confirmed
(a) Chromyl chloride test:
Salt + solid KCr20,+ conc. H;SO4, heat Red vapours evolved
(i)Pass the red vapours into
Yellow solution
NaOH solution
The vellow solution + dil., CH:COOH + Yellow ppt
lead acetate solution

ANALYSIS OF BASIC RADICAL

PREPARATION OF ORIGINAL SOLUTION: Given salt is dissolved in cold, distilled water to obtain clear and
transparent solution.

Detection of group for basic radical

1.Group Zero: Added NaOH to original Ammoniacal smell, white fumes are NHA is present and
solution and boiled. obtained with a glassrod dipped in confirmed.
dilute HCI.
CONFIRMATORY TEST FOR NH Brown ppt. is formed NH may be present
NESSLER'S TEST
To the original solution added NaOH, boiled
and passed the gas through Nessler's
reagent taken in test tube.

RESULT- The given salt contains acidic radical/ anion- cl and basic radical/cation NH4*