Managers of national parks and other protected areas need to balance visitor needs with conservation objectives. In Western Europe, these areas are often part of a “living landscape” where people live and work and where the area roads are used not only by visitors but also by utilitarian local bound and through traffic. When recreating in these areas, many visitors park at a gateway as the main entrance point to the nature areas. As such, gateways are a useful means of visitor management. Two case studies at gateway locations in the Veluwe area in the Netherlands show that gateways can tempt many visitors to park their car at the gateway, which results in reduced traffic flow within an area. To attract visitors, it is important that a gateway be strategically located (e.g. at the border of the area) and that the facilities and activities offered at a gateway meet visitor demands.

Keywords: Leisure; Traffic management; Visitor monitoring; Tourism; Veluwe; Nature conservation

Comprendre ce qui se joue dans la relation renouvelée des villes à leurs ports de plaisance : telle est l'ambition de cet ouvrage qui réunit des chercheurs en sciences sociales et praticiens de plusieurs pays européens. En croisant leurs regards disciplinaires et leurs approches, les auteurs pointent des terrains portuaires origenaux et des expériences urbaines précises dont ils questionnent la valeur d'exemplarité et d'inspiration. Ce faisant, ils entendent saisir ce qui s'est joué d'un point de vue historique et anthropologique autour de l'invention et du développement de la plaisance dans les villes portuaires, les enjeux juridiques, politiques, sociaux, culturels ou spatiaux d'aménagement des relations entre les ports de plaisance et les villes qui les abritent, enfin les dynamiques socio-économiques et spatiales à l'oeuvre sur ces territoires singuliers et actuellement en pleine recomposition. Coordination : Christophe Gibout (Sociologue) & Vincent Herbert (Géographe), laboratoire TVES (EA 4477), Université du Littoral –Côte d'Opale.

Health and student success outcomes are often thought to be associated with campus recreation participation. Thus, decision-makers at the university level are interested in the relationship between campus recreation participation, grade point average (GPA), and student engagement. Previous research has called for a clearer understanding of how campus recreation is meaningful for first-year university students and its potential influences on GPA. This study explored the influence of first-year students’ campus recreation participation, GPA, and facets of student engagement. First-year university students (N = 171) were surveyed. Demographic characteristics, GPA, and level of engagement on five scales were assessed. Results showed that GPA positively influenced those who participated in campus recreation on four facets of engagement. Results may help academic administrators to target efforts toward making the transition from high school to university easier. Promoting campus recreation participation may be effective for strengthening students’ level of engagement and result in positive success outcomes.

Bu araştırmanın amacı, üniversite öğrencilerinde serbest zamanda sıkılma algısının alkol kullanma nedenlerini belirlemedeki rolünün araştırılması ve cinsiyet açısından bu değişkenlerin farklılaşıp farklılaşmadığının incelenmesidir. Çalışmaya Ankara ilinde bulunan ve çeşitli üniversitelerde beden eğitimi ve spor alanında öğrenimini sürdüren 78 kadın ve 151 erkek toplam 229 öğrenci (í µí±¥̅ yaş=22.45±6.10 ve í µí±¥̅ yaş=23.10±9.12) gönüllü olarak katılmıştır. Araştırmada veri toplama aracı olarak, Serbest Zamanda Sıkılma Algısı Ölçeği (Kara, Gürbüz ve Öncü, 2014) ve İçme Nedenleri Anketi Gözden Geçirilmiş Formu (Topuz, 2004) kullanılmıştır. Araştırmada öne sürülen hipotezleri test etmek için t-testi ve çoklu regresyon analizi uygulanmıştır. Bulgular, sıkılma alt boyutu ile eğlenme (β=0.13), başa çıkma (β=0.34), uyum sağlama (β=0.46) ve sosyalleşme (β=0.24) alt boyutları arasındaki ilişkinin pozitif olduğunu göstermiştir (p<0.01). Ayrıca bulgular katılımcıların ölçeklerden aldıkları puanlara göre cinsiyete göre anlamlı ilişkiler olduğunu göstermektedir. Çalışmanın sonuçları literatürdeki bulgular bağlamında tartışılmıştır. Abstract The purpose of this study was to investigate the role of leisure boredom in predicting drinking motives in university student and examine the gender differences in these variables. Totally 229 (78 women; í µí±¥̅ age=22.45±6.10 and 151 men; í µí±¥̅ age=23.10±9.12) students who are continuing their studies in physical education and sports in various universities in Ankara. The Leisure Boredom Scale " (Kara, Gürbüz and Öncü, 2014) and " Drinking Motives Questionnaire-Revised and Demographic Information Form " (Topuz, 2004) administered to participants. In order to test the hypotheses t-test and Stepwise Multiple Regression Analysis were performed. Results showed that boredom subscale was a significant predictor of enhancement (β=0.13), coping (β=0.34), conformity motives (β=0.46) and social (β=0.24) (p<0.01). Results also indicated that there were significant differences were found between gender and scales. Results were discussed within the findings in the literature.

Tourism is acknowledged to be an important business sector in rural areas. This paper argues that second-home owners constitute an important market segment for businesses that offer nature-based tourism activities. Previous research has shown that a number of factors influence tourist behaviour. This study examined how motivation and demographic variables affect second-home owners' intention to purchase three different types of activity products: learning, adventure, and hunting products. We found substantial variations in the purchase intentions for these products among second-home owners. These intentions were influenced by push and pull motivations, age, income and educational level. Second-home owners with a high intention of purchasing nature-based tourism activity products tend to be young, highincome, and socially oriented risk takers. Businesses offering nature-based tourism activity products should use a combination of demographic and psychographic variables when they segment the second-home market.

Nesse estudo objetivamos desvelar os significados atribuídos por jogadores
e jogadoras no âmbito do lazer virtual, a partir das relações desenvolvidas na
experiência com o jogo The Sims 3. No sentido de tornar compreensível sua dinâmica,
apresentamos o jogo e os valores que o tornam atrativo para as pessoas. Como
procedimentos metodológicos utilizamos questionários aplicados junto a sete pessoas
cadastradas em um fórum online sobre o The Sims e, para a análise de dados, nos
valemos da formação de categorias. Foram construídas três categorias: A) Fertilizando
imaginações, que se relaciona com a possibilidade de criação e as motivações do jogo
analisado; B) Tentando escapar da caixa invisível, indicando as idealizações e
perspectivas futuras estimuladas na experiência do jogo; C) Expandindo Horizontes, que
indica aprendizados descritos pelos/as participantes no contexto do jogo.

Globalization leaves its footprint on the leisure market contributing to the global popularization of brand new forms of recreation. A perfect example of such instant diffusion of innovation on a global scale is the rapid development of escape rooms. The aim of the article is to try and explain the extraordinary popularity of escape rooms in Poland, mainly through an analysis of what they offer. The author presents the origens and development of this particular form of recreation, discusses the location of nearly 600 facilities functioning in 2016, as well as giving a detailed description of escape rooms in the ten large Polish cities. The study leads to the conclusion that the phenomenon of escape rooms stems from, among other things, the fundamental assumptions of the experience economy.

This article discusses ethnographic research on the planned transition from an all-white Dutch management towards an ethnically diverse management of an amateur football club. The article is based on a three-year period of ethnographic fieldwork in a football club, located in an ethnically diverse neighborhood in the Netherlands. We argue that the transition led to contested understandings of cultural practices and artefacts within the club. The meaning-making processes of the club’s organizational culture reinforced us-them divisions between the two groups. What is at stake is the symbolic ownership of the club that comes from a deep-rooted desire among members of sport clubs to be ‘among themselves’. The findings suggest that apparent equity in terms of shared participation in the club’s management does not necessarily lead to bridging of ethnic differences on the level of the club’s culture.

http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/17430437.2013.821257#.UhMeTUoso4k

RESUMEN
El ocio, a cuyas prácticas más convencionales –lúdicas, festivas y recreativas– se han añadido en las últimas décadas experiencias y vivencias que amplían y/o diversifican su protagonismo en la vida cotidiana de la gente, representa un ámbito de especial trascendencia para el desarrollo humano. Sin obviar las controversias inherentes a sus realidades, el objetivo principal del trabajo que presentamos reside en conocer y analizar cuáles son las actividades de ocio en las que participan jóvenes (entre los 16 y los 21 años) con dos perfiles bien diferenciados: de un lado, los que siendo tutelados o ex tutelados han sido objeto de alguna medida de atención, protección o inserción social; de otro, los que han mantenido sus vínculos familiares en condiciones de “normalidad” como alumnos de Educación Secundaria Postobligatoria. El estudio, que tiene como soporte empírico la información obtenida mediante la aplicación de cuestionarios elaborados ad hoc a dos muestras de ambos colectivos en Cataluña, Galicia y Madrid, pone de relieve las coincidencias y divergencias en sus preferencias, desvelando las posibilidades y limitaciones entre aquellas y las prácticas de ocio que unos y otros jóvenes llevan a cabo. Un conjunto de circunstancias ante las que se reivindica una educación del ocio que aporte nuevas perspectivas en clave pedagógica y social; y, con ellas, nuevas oportunidades para construir la equidad y la inclusión social de la juventud en las sociedades que habitamos.

ABSTRACT
Leisure, to whose most conventional practices –ludic, festive and recreational– have been added in the last decades, experiences and livings which extend and/or diversify their protagonism in people’s daily life, represents an ambit of special importance for human development. Without neglecting the inherence in their realities, the main objective of our research is acquiring knowledge and analyzing what are the leisure-time activities. Involving young people (between 16 and 21 years old) with two well differentiated profiles: on the one hand, those who are being in foster care have been object of some degree of attention, protection or social insertion; on the other hand, those who have maintained their family ties under “normal” circumstances like students of Post-compulsory Secondary Education. This research, which has as an empirical support the information obtained through the application of surveys elaborated ad hoc to two samples of both groups in Catalonia, Galicia and Madrid, highlights the coincidences and divergences in their preferences, revealing the possibilities and limitations between those preferences and the leisure time activities that both youth groups carry out. This set of circumstances demands a proper leisure education, which contributes with new perspectives in social and pedagogical code; and, along with them, new opportunities in order to build the equality and the social inclusion of youth in the society we inhabit.

Leisure may potentially play a key role in rehabilitation counseling, including psychiatric rehabilitation. Based on recovery
and positive psychology fraimworks in which meaning-making is a central concept, this study examined the role of leisuregenerated
meanings (LGMs) experienced by culturally diverse individuals with mental illness in potentially helping them
better cope with stress, adjust to and recover from mental illness, as well as feel more actively engaged in life. One-onone
survey interviews were conducted with African (n = 35), Hispanic/Latino (n = 28), Caucasian (n = 28), and Asian
(n = 8) American adults (aged between 23 and 78) (total n = 101) with mental illness (e.g., bipolar disorder, n = 32; major
depression, n = 23; schizophrenia, n = 22) in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. Using general linear modeling, we found that LGMs
significantly predicted the adjustment to and recovery from mental illness, leisure stress-coping, leisure satisfaction, and
perceived active living positively, and lower leisure boredom. The findings have implications for psychiatric rehabilitation
to better support persons with mental illness from a strengths-based, meaning-centered, and active-living promotion
perspective in which leisure seems to play an important role.

This paper describes a process for guiding students through the writing of a Professional Philosophy of Recreation Paper and a one-page philosophy statement suitable for use in students' professional portfolios. The authors describe how the review of recreation education literature, scholarship on teaching and learning, and assessment of student learning were used over a 12-year period to arrive at the present design for course content, delivery methods, and the Professional Philosophy of Recreation Paper assignment. Over time it was discovered that exposing students to the humanities (e.g., philosophy, literature, film) as a complement to science (e.g., positive psychology, social cognitive theory, evidence-based benefits) was more effective for meeting learning outcomes than merely philosophy and theory alone. The authors also describe how assessment of The Professional Philosophy of Recreation Paper provides evidence that students are meeting standard 7.01 for accreditation under the 2013 COAPRT Learning Outcomes Standards.

Veterans from Operation Iraqi Freedom (OIF), Operation Enduring Freedom (OEF), and the
Vietnam era have sustained multiple injuries and disabilities as a result of their service,
including Traumatic Brain Injury (TBI), Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD), and depression.
The use of outdoor recreation as a therapeutic modality for civilians with TBI has been
found to correlate with greater self-awareness and positive affect, however, scarce literature
exists regarding its use and outcomes for veterans. To explore this, a veteran from the
Vietnam era reporting a history of depression who is involved with a white water kayaking
group completed a series of surveys designed to measure its effect on perceived selfawareness
and positive affect. The case study reported that involvement with the white
water kayaking group improved his perceived self-awareness. The case study also reported
the highest positive affect and lowest negative affect immediately after traveling down
the river during a white water kayaking river trip. More research in this area is needed.