VALVES & FITTING EXAM (Question & Answer)

VALVES & FITTING INSPECTION
(Q1) What Hydro tests should be performed as per API 598?

(ANS) Shell test, Back seat test, High pressure closure test, Low
pressure closure test.
Other Test: High pressure pneumatic shell test, visual examination of
casting.
(Q2) For austenitic stainless steel valve hydro test, what kind of
water should be used?
(ANS) Chloride content should not be more than 100 PPM
(Q3) For Valve Body material, what is the difference between

ASTM A105 & ASTM A216?
(ANS) (A105 is forged Steel while A216 is cast steel)
(Q4) Name international Standard for Face to Face & End to End
Dimensions of Valves?
(ANS) ASME B16.10
(Q5) What is the Hardness value for Low Temp Services material
as per NACE 0175?
ANS: 22 HRC
(Q6) What should be the seat position during shell test?

ANS: (Partially Open) Apply Pressure Inside assembled valve with
the valve end closed
(Q7) What should be the seat position during backseat test?

ANS: (Full Open)
(Q8) What are other requirements except hardness test in NACE

MR0175?
ANS: Heat Treatment
(Q9) State five types of fully close valves?

ANS: (Gate, Globe, Ball, Plug, Butterfly)
Q10 CHECK?????
ANS: ASME Sec 8 Div 1/ API
(Q11) What is pop up test?

ANS: Set pressure at which PZV open
(Q12) What is blow down test?

ANS: It is reset pressure for pzv. The difference b/w the set
pressure and closing pressure of PZV expressed in % of set
pressure or in pressure units
(Q13) State type of fluid that can be used for valve testing as per
API 598?
ANS Air, inert gas, kerosene, water, non corrosive liquid with
viscosity not higher than water
(Q14) Why Backseat test is performed?

ANS: To Prevent Leakage of media through the Bonnet stuffing box
when the valve is fully open
(Q18) How raised face can be checked in flanges?

ANS: With the help of comparators.
(Q19) What is the max range for testing of flanges as per ASME
B16.5?
ANS: 1.5times of max working pressure as per ASME B16.5
Q20: CHECK?????
ANS: True
Q21: CHECK?????
ANS: False
(Q 22) What would be the most likely stem packing material for
sliding stem control valve selected for NCAE 175 service if
the temperature is below 400 C?
ANS: Teflon, Nylon
(Q24) What is Hysterisis test for Control Valve?

ANS: It is a cyclic test and tells the difference between up-scale
and down-scale results in instrument response when
subjected to the same input approached from the opposite
direction
Q26: CHECK?????
ANS: False
(Q30) What should be the surface finish of Raised face flange

ANS: Sarrated (3.2-6.4 Micrometer)
Size: For class 150 & 300 it is 0.06 inch, while for class 600
it have .25 inch area, as per ASME B16.5
(Q31) List the sequence of tests in case of internal coated valves?

ANS: Hydro testing before and then coating
(Q32) How much damage is allowed to bevel ends preparation?

ANS: (12.50%)
(Q33) what type of NDT will be perform on 24” Elbow?

ANS: RT
(Q34) Cv abbreviates for what in case of Control Valves?

ANS: (Valve Flow Coefficient)
Q35: Why there is a spot hole at the back face of Flange?

ANS: ensure proper seating surface arrangement for washer and
nuts
(Q36) What are additional requirement for low temperature

services?
ANS: (Impact Test) for Metallic material
Q37: Name Common ASTM Standard used for manufacture of

wrought Butt welded fittings
ANS: ASTM A234
(Q38) What is NACE 0175?

ANS: Metallic material requirement for resistance of sulphide
stress cracking (SSC) for petroleum production, drilling and
flowline equipment.
(Q39) at What pressure shell test should be performed?

ANS: 110% of design pressure (1.1)
(Q40) How holiday shall be checked for Ni-Cr plating?

ANS: Ferroxyl test
(Q41) Name three types of body of Ball Valves?

ANS: (welded body, Split body, top entry)
Q42: CHECK?????
ANS: False
(Q43) What is the range for Pneumatic Low closure pressure test?
ANS: 60-100 psig
Q44: CHECK?????
ANS: False
(Q45) What information shall be available over the fittings during
the time of inspection?
ANS: Class, Size, Manufacture logo, Heat#, Material Grade
(Q 46) What dimensional Checks you will perform while inspecting

Flanges/ Valves?
ANS: Outside Diameter, Inside Diameter, Wall Thickness flanges
thickness, height of raised face, length through the hub, Bolt
circle, diameter, Bolts hole Diameter
(Q47) CHECK?????????
ANS: Seiling less on jump due to temperature distortion
(Q48) For same NPS which one of these valves (Gate / globe) allows
more leakage tolerance rate as per API 598?
ANS: (SAME)
(Q49) State type of Flanges?

ANS: (WN, Socket Weld, Slip On, Threaded, Lap, Blind)
(Q50) Soft Seated Ball valve of NPS 24 allows how much leakage
during Seat Test?
ANS: (NO Leakage for Soft or Resilient seated valves as per API
598)
(Q51) What is stopple fitting?

ANS: Temporary Plug to stop the flow in pipe
(Q52) What is Hot Tap?

ANS: Connection made to the pipeline while the line is under
pressure or in service, A special procedure is required gto
make an opening without leak any of the line content
(Q53) What type of material should be used for high Temperature

services?
ANS: (Alloy)
(Q54) what are flange rating generally available for valves?

ANS: (150, 300, 400, 600, 900, 1500, 2500)
(Q55) What is trim? Mention trim parts as per API?

ANS: Those parts of valve (internal) that comes in contact with
fluid. (Stem, body seating surface, gate seating surfaces,
bushing, pins internal parts)
(Q56) Which National Code refers to Relief Valve?

ANS: API 526(34-SAMSS-611)
(Q57) State three different type of Wedges of Gate valves as per API
600
ANS: (1. one piece solid, one piece flexible, 2. split wedge, 3.
double disc)
(Q58) CHECK?????
ANS: ANSI B16-104
(Q59) What is difference between solid and flexible Wedge of

valve
ANS: Solid wedge permits more leakage than flexible wedge
(Q60) Should you specify a Jam style or Spring loaded Package

arrangement for sliding Stem control Valve selected for
NACE
MR 00175 services
ANS: Jam Style
(Q61) CHECK?????
ANS: PTFE
(Q62) State type of control valves?

ANS: (Gate, Globe, Plug, Ball Etc….)
(Q63) State five Parts of Actuator for Control valves
ANS: Stem, spring, stem connector, spring seat, spring adjustor
(Q64) Stats five parts of body of Control valve?

ANS: Diaphragm casing, diaphragm plate, actuator spring,
position indicator scale, actuator stem
(Q65) Name two types of trim for Control Valves?

ANS: Equal Percentage, Quick opening, Parabolic.
Q) What information shall be checked over the valves during

inspection?
ANS: (manufacturer name or logo, valve body material, API logo, size,
API Class, trim type, serial #, date of manuf. Flow direction,
Cast or heat#
Q) During Radiographic test which international standard

should be referred?
ANS: MSS-SP54
Q) For Visual Inspection of Steel Casting of Valves and Fittings,

which international standard should be referred?
ANS: (MSS-SP55)
Q) Most Codes ask that Hydrotest to be performed at

Manufacturer facility for fittings. (True or False)
ANS: True
Q) Can we perform shell test after painting?

ANS: False
Q) Back seat test shall be performed for Gate, Globe, Check

Valves (T/F)
ANS: (F)
(Q) State five types of Actuator for Control valves:

ANS: Diaphragm actuator, Piston Actuator, Electro-hydraulic
Actuators, Manual Actuators, Pneumatic actuators, Rack &
Pinion Actuator
Q) Referred to NACE which method can be used to measure

Hardness?
ANS: HRC (Rockwell method)
Other Question:
Q. How will you perform Dimensional Inspection of Valve
Face to face, Nominal diameter, end to end, centre to face & center to
end to angle type valve
Q. How will you perform visual Inspection of Valves?
Verify Heat Number, Weld defects, coating defect, check flanges,

check socket end, check threads, direction of flow, seat condition,
check operation, stroking
Q. What is range of High Pressure closure valve?

110% of maximum allowable pressure or design
Q. State four type of fully closed valves.

Globe, Gate, Ball, Plug, Butterfly
Q. What is Marked on Butt End Fitting (Name 2 items)
Manufacturer name or grade mark, schedule number or nominal wall

thickness, size and type of material
Q. Why closure test is performed for both side of wedge
To check the leakage of upstream & downstream side of the seat

Q. Which API specification apply to the fabrication, Inspection and
testing of valves
API 598(Inspection & testing), API 599 (Steel Plug), API 600 (Steel
Gate, API 604 (Ductile Iron Gate), MSS SP 55 (Visual Inspection), API
6D (Pipeline Valve)
Q. Which API specification govern valve hydrostatic test pressure
API 598
Q. For low pressure seat test what medium is used
Air or Inert Gas

Q. Is leakage permitted on the back seat test
False
Q. Describe the procedure for a low pressure seat on a solid wedge

gate valve
Pressure shall be applied successively to each side of the closed valve

with the other side open to atmosphere to check for the leakage of the
downstream side of the test
Q. Is it permissible for a vendor to lubricate valve seats prior to testing

Yes, but not heavier than kerosene
Q. Is it permissible to use a sealing compound for the Installation of

threaded seat rings?
No (light Lubricant only)
Q. Can a solid Wedge gate be fabricated by Welding?
Yes
Q. Can Gate seat be made by depositing weld metal on the gate
Yes
Q. Is it permissible to supply gate valves with slots rather than holes

in the packing glands?
No (hole only)
Q. Allowable leakage drop in 24” Pipe
Q. Which seating surface allow more leakage resilient or metal
Q. What are types of flanges as per face?
Raised face, Flat face, Tung & groove face, male & female
Q. Low air pressure test for valve performed at what pressure
Q. What component of pressure relief valve is hydro tested
Seat surface at 90 % of set pressure
Q. What standard used for flanges of pressure relief valve
VERBAL Q:
1) Tell us about your past experience regarding valve inspection

especially Check valves?
2) What is NRS, OS & Y in Gate valve
3) How do you check fabrication drawings?
4) On what basis you will accept the MTC?
5) When and why u will issue Release certificate?
6) Types of Flanges?
7) What you will check on Valve?
8) How you will proceed for Hydro testing of Valve?

9) What information you will check on MTC?
10) How u will perform visual inspection of valves?
11) What type of water is used for Hydro testing of SS Valves?
12) What do you mean by MOV?
Reference Material: Hand Book of Control Valves,

Aramco Desktop Standards 04-SAMSS-048, 04-SAMSS-01, 04-
SAMSS-035, 04-SAMSS- 02, 34-SAMSS-611, 34-SAMSS-711, SAES-
L-108
International Standards: NACE 0175, API 598, 600, 602, API 6D, API
526, ASME B16.34, ASME B16.10, ASME B16.5, ASME B16-104,
MSS-SP55, MSS-SP25

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VALVES & FITTING INSPECTION

(Q1) What Hydro tests should be performed as per API 598?

(Q3) For Valve Body material, what is the difference between

(Q6) What should be the seat position during shell test?

(Q7) What should be the seat position during backseat test?

(Q8) What are other requirements except hardness test in NACE

(Q9) State five types of fully close valves?

(Q11) What is pop up test?

(Q12) What is blow down test?

(Q14) Why Backseat test is performed?

(Q18) How raised face can be checked in flanges?

(Q24) What is Hysterisis test for Control Valve?

(Q30) What should be the surface finish of Raised face flange

(Q31) List the sequence of tests in case of internal coated valves?

(Q32) How much damage is allowed to bevel ends preparation?

(Q33) what type of NDT will be perform on 24” Elbow?

(Q34) Cv abbreviates for what in case of Control Valves?

Q35: Why there is a spot hole at the back face of Flange?

(Q36) What are additional requirement for low temperature

Q37: Name Common ASTM Standard used for manufacture of

(Q38) What is NACE 0175?

(Q39) at What pressure shell test should be performed?

(Q40) How holiday shall be checked for Ni-Cr plating?

(Q41) Name three types of body of Ball Valves?

(Q 46) What dimensional Checks you will perform while inspecting

(Q49) State type of Flanges?

(Q51) What is stopple fitting?

(Q52) What is Hot Tap?

(Q53) What type of material should be used for high Temperature

(Q54) what are flange rating generally available for valves?

(Q55) What is trim? Mention trim parts as per API?

(Q56) Which National Code refers to Relief Valve?

(Q59) What is difference between solid and flexible Wedge of

ANS: Solid wedge permits more leakage than flexible wedge

(Q60) Should you specify a Jam style or Spring loaded Package

(Q62) State type of control valves?

ANS: Stem, spring, stem connector, spring seat, spring adjustor

(Q64) Stats five parts of body of Control valve?

(Q65) Name two types of trim for Control Valves?

Q) What information shall be checked over the valves during

Q) During Radiographic test which international standard

Q) For Visual Inspection of Steel Casting of Valves and Fittings,

Q) Most Codes ask that Hydrotest to be performed at

Q) Can we perform shell test after painting?

Q) Back seat test shall be performed for Gate, Globe, Check

(Q) State five types of Actuator for Control valves:

Q) Referred to NACE which method can be used to measure

Q. How will you perform Dimensional Inspection of Valve

Q. How will you perform visual Inspection of Valves?

Verify Heat Number, Weld defects, coating defect, check flanges,

Q. What is range of High Pressure closure valve?

Q. State four type of fully closed valves.

Q. What is Marked on Butt End Fitting (Name 2 items)

Manufacturer name or grade mark, schedule number or nominal wall

Q. Why closure test is performed for both side of wedge

To check the leakage of upstream & downstream side of the seat

Q. Which API specification govern valve hydrostatic test pressure

Q. For low pressure seat test what medium is used