Calculus I Review: Differentiation

Algebra and Functions

A. Exponent Laws

1. a0 1 3. ax ax y 1 5. ab x
axbx 7. a x 1
ay ay x ax

x
2. ax ay ax y 4. ax y
a xy 6. a ax 8. xb
a
b
xa a, b 0
b bx

B. Natural Logarithmic and Exponential Functions

Natural logarithm function: y ln x Natural exponential function: y ex

domain: (0, ) range: ( , domain: ( , ) range: (0, )

Special values: ln 1 0 ln e 1 Special values: e0 1

Graph: 2 Graph
y 80
1 y
60
-1 1 2 3 4 5
-1 x 40

-2 20

-3
-2 -1 0 1 2 3 4 5
-4 x
Graph gets closer and closer to the y axis but Graph gets closer and closer to the x axis but
does not intersect it. does not intersect it.

C. Inverse Properties of the Natural Logarithmic and Exponential Functions

1. ln e x x In general: ln e f x fx

2. e ln x x In general: e ln f x fx

D. Laws of Logarithms

1. ln AB ln A ln B 2. ln A ln A ln B 3. ln A r r ln A
B

E. Other Properties of Logarithmic and Exponential Functions

1
 Property Meaning

1. If A B then ln A ln B 1. This allows you to take the ”ln” of both sides of an equation.

2. If ln A ln B then A B 2. This is the reverse of the above.

3. If m n then b m bn 3. This allows you to raise both sides of an equation to a power of b .

4. If b m b n then m n 4. If the bases are equal then the exponents are equal.

F. Trigonometric Functions - Relationships

sin x 1 cos x 1 1
1. tan x cot x sec x csc x
cos x tan x sin x cos x sin x

2. sin 2 x cos 2 x 1 1 tan 2 x sec 2 x sin 2 x 1 1 cos 2x cos 2 x 1 1 cos 2x

2 2 2 2

Y
3. x (degrees) x (radians) sin x cos x tan x
(0, 1)
0 0 0 1 0
( cos( θ), sin( θ) )
90 1 0 undefined
2
θ
180 0 1 0 (-1, 0) (1, 0) X

270 3 1 0 undefined
2
360 2 0 1 0 (0, -1)

G. Trigonometric Functions and Exponents

n n n
1. sin n x sin x cos n x cos x tan n x tan x etc. for n 1, 2, 3, 4, 5,

2 7 4
2. Examples: sin 2 x sin x ; tan 7 3x 5 tan 3x 5 ; cos 4 x 3 cos x 3

3. Do NOT use the above notation with fractional or negative exponents.

2 7
The following are NOT to be used: sin 3 x tan 3 3x 5 cos 5 x3

H. Inverse Trigonometric Functions

1. Inverse Sine Function (also known as Arcsine function):

arcsin x y means that x sin y where 1 x 1 and 90 0 y 90 0

2. Inverse Cosine Function (also known as Arccosine function):

arccos x y means that x cos y where 1 x 1 and 0 0 y 180 0

2
 3. Inverse Tangent Function (also known as Arctangent function):

arctan x y means that x tan y where x and 90 0 y 90 0

I. Simplifying answers

1. Multiplication of functions: We usually write the Examples

expression with the terms in the following order:
(a) sin x 4 3
x 3 ln x 12 3
x sin x ln x
(numbers)(polynomials)(roots)(e f x )(special functions)
(b) 2x 3 x 5x sec 2 x 4x 1 e 2x
Do simple computation and algebra 10x 4 4x 1 x e 2x sec 2 x

2. Simple radical form: exponent written as a whole number plus a proper fraction - Examples

(a) x7 x 7/2 x 6/2 1/2 x 3 1/2 x 3 x 1/2 x 3 x

(b) x 5/3 1 1 1 1 1
x 5/3 x 3/3 2/3 x 1 2/3 x 1 x 2/3 3
x x2
15/4 12/4 3/4 3 3/4 3 3/4
(c) 1 3 cos x 1 3 cos x 1 3 cos x 1 3 cos x 1 3 cos x
3 4 3
1 3 cos x 1 3 cos x
8/3 6/3 2/3 2 2/3 2 2/3 2
(d) sin x sin x sin x sin x sin x sin 2 x 3 sin x sin 2 x 3 sin 2 x

Differentiation

A. Notation: If y f x then the following symbols mean ”the derivative of the function with respect to x ”.
1. f x read ”f prime of x” 5. y read ”y prime”
2. f read ”f prime” 6. Dxf read ”D x of f ”
dy
3. read ”d y d x” 7. Dx y read ”D x of y ”
dx
df
4. read ”d f d x”
dx

B. General Differentiation Rules a, c constants n rational number

1. If g x c f x then g x cf x
2. If h x k 1 f x k 2 g x then h x k1f x k2g x

C. Special Derivatives
1. D x k 0 , k constant
2. D x x 1

Simple derivative Derivative with one application of the chain rule

1 n n 1
3. Dx xn nx n Dx f x nfx f x
n n 1
D x function n function derivative of function

3
 4. D x sin x cos x D x sin f x cos f x f x
D x sin function cos function derivative of function

5. D x cos x sin x D x cos f x sin f x f x

D x cos function sin function derivative of function

6. D x tan x sec 2 x D x tan f x sec 2 f x f x

D x tan function sec 2 function derivative of function

7. D x cot x csc 2 x D x cot f x csc 2 f x f x

D x cot function csc 2 function derivative of function

8. D x sec x sec x tan x D x sec f x sec f x sec f x tan f x f x

D x sec function sec function tan function derivative of function

9. Dx ex ex Dx ef x ef x f x
function function
Dx e e derivative of function

10. D x a x a x ln a Dx af x a f x ln a f x
function function
where a 0 Dx a a ln a derivative of function

11. D x ln x 1 D x ln f x 1 f x
x fx
D x ln function 1 derivative of function
function

12. D x arcsin x 1 D x arcsin f x 1 f x

1 x2 1 fx 2

D x arcsin function 1 derivative of function

2
1 function

13. D x arccos x 1 D x arccos f x 1 f x

1 x2 1 fx 2

D x arccos function 1 derivative of function

2
1 function

14. D x arctan x 1 D x arctan f x 1 f x

1 x2 1 fx 2

D x arctan function 1 derivative of function

2
1 function

F. Simple Derivatives - Examples

4
1. If g x x9 1 1 , find g x .
3 Comments
9 4x 83x4x
Solution: 1 1 1 1 x 5/4 Rewrite the function using the exponent laws,
3x4x 3 x 1 x 1/4 3 x 5/4 3

gx 1 x 9 1 x 8 3 1 x 5/4 a x 1 and x ab b
xa a, b 0
9 4 3 ax
g x 1 9x 9 1 1 8x 8 1 0 1 5 x 5/4 1 Apply Differentiation laws: D x x n nx n 1
9 4 3 4
9 x8 8 x 9 1 x 9/4
9 4 4
x8 2 1 Final answer should have no negative or
x9 4x 9/4
x8 2 1 fractional exponents. x 9/4 is changed to
x9 4x 8/4 x 1/4
x8 2 1 simple radical form x 2 4 x .
x9 4x 2 4 x

dy
2. If y 5 sin x 3x 7 cos x , find .
dx

dy
Solution: 5 cos x 31 7 sin x Apply Differentiation laws: D x sin x cos x ,
dx
5 cos x 3 7 sin x Dx xn nx n 1 , and D x cos x sin x

3. If g u sec u u4 4 , find D u g .

Solution:
Dug sec u tan u 4 u3 0 Apply Differentiation laws: D x sec x sec x tan x ,
sec u tan u 4u 3 and D x k 0, k constant

4. Find D y 3 ln y 3 arcsin y ey
5 7

Solution: D y 3 ln y 3 arcsin y e y Apply Differentiation laws: D x ln x 1 , Dx ex

x ex
5 7
3 D y ln y 3 D y arcsin y D y e y and D x arcsin y 1
5 7 1 x2

3 1 3 1 ey
5 y 7 1 y2
3 3
5y 7 1 y2

5. If P 2 arctan r 5e r 11 cot r , find P

3

Solution: P 2 1 5 er 11 csc 2 r Apply Differentiation laws: D x arctan x 1 ,

1 r2 3 1 x2
2 5e r 11 csc 2 r Dx ex e x , and D x cot x csc 2 x
1 r2 3

5
 6. If y 3x 5 2x 2 1 , find dy Comments
x3 dx
Quotient rule could be used but the
Solution: y 3x 5 2x 2 1 following is easier.
x3
3x 5 2x 2 1 Divide using rule a c b a b
x3 x3 x3 c c
3x 5 3 2x 2 3 x 3 Simplify fractions using exponent rules.
3x 2 2x 1 x 3 Apply Differentiation law: D x x n nx n 1

dy
3 2x 2 1 2 1x 1 1 3x 3 1
dx
6x 1 2x 2 3x 4 6x 2 3 Change to positive exponents.
x2 x4

G. Differentiation - Examples involving one application of the chain rule.

18
1. If f x 4 x2 2x 5 find f .

Solution: Apply Differentiation law C3:

18 1 n n 1
f x 4 18 x 2 2x 5 Dx x2 2x 5 D x function n function derivative of function
17
72 x 2 2x 5 2x 2 function x2 2x 5 and n 18 .
17
72 2x 2 x2 2x 5

2. If T 3 q 2q 4 1 find dT . Apply Differentiation law C3:

dq
n n 1
D x function n function derivative of function
Solution: We rewrite this as T 3 q 2q 4 1 function q 2q 4 1 and n 1 .
3
1
3 q 2q 4 1
1/3
q 2q 4 1

dT 1 q 2q 4 1 1/3 1
Dq q 2q 4 1
dq 3
1 q 2q 4 1 2/3
1 2 4q 3 0 Convert 2
to positive exponent
3 3

1 8q 3 1 8q 3
Convert fractional exponent to radical notation
3 q 2q 4 1 2/3 3 3 q 2q 4 1 2

3. If Q sec 4 t , find Q .

4 n
Solution: Q sec 4 t sec t Apply Algebra and Functions G1: sec n x sec x
4 1
Q 4 sec t D t sec t Apply Differentiation law C3:
3 n n 1
4 sec t sec t tan t D x function n function derivative of function
4 tan t sec t sec 3 t function sec t
1 3 1 3 4
4 sec t sec 4 t sec t sec 3 t sec t sec t sec t sec t sec 4 t

6
4. Find d sin 4x 3 3 2 Apply Differentiation law C4:
dx x
D x sin function cos function derivative of function
Solution: d sin 4x 3 3 2 function 4x 3 3 2.
dx x x
cos 4x 3 3x 2 D x 4x 3 3x 1 2

cos 4x 3 3 2 12x 2 3x 2 12x 2 3 cos 4x 3 3 2

x x2 x

5. Find D y tan cos y Apply Differentiation law C6:

D x tan function sec 2 function derivative of function
Solution: D y tan cos y function cos y
sec 2 cos y D y cos y
sec 2 cos y sin y sin y sec 2 cos y

6. If y sec x 5 find y Apply Differentiation law C8: D x sec function

sec function tan function derivative of function
Solution: y sec x 5 tan x 5 Dx x 5 function x 5
sec x 5 tan x 5
sec x 5 tan x 5

Find d e
1
t3
7. t Apply Differentiation law C9:
dt
function function
Dx e e derivative of function
Solution: d e t3 1
t e t3 1
t Dt t3 t 1 function t3 1 t3 t 1
dt t
et
3 1
t 3t 2 1t 2 3t 2 1 et
3 1
t
t2

8. If F x ln 3x 2 2 tan x , find F x Apply Differentiation law C12: function 3x 2 2 cot x

D x ln function 1 derivative of function
function
Solution: F x 1 D x 3x 2 2 tan x
3x 2 2 tan x

1 6x 2 sec 2 x
6x 2 sec 2 x
3x 2 2 tan x 3x 2 2 tan x

9. If h x arcsin x 2 1 , find dh
dx

Solution: dh 1 Dx x2 1 Apply Differentiation law C13: D x arcsin function

dx 2
1 x2 1
1 2x 1 derivative of function
1 x4 2x 2 1 1 function
2

2x function x2 1
2x 2 x 4

7
 10. Find D r arctan cos r Apply Differentiation law C15: D x arctan function
1 derivative of function function cos r
2
1 function
Solution: D r arctan cos r
1 1 sin r
2
D r cos r sin r
1 cos r 1 cos 2 r 1 cos 2 r

11. Find d 4
dx x ex

Solution: We rewrite 4 as First apply Differentiation law C3

x ex
4 1/2 n n 1
1/2
and then 4 x ex D x function n function derivative of function
x ex

d 4 d 4 x e x 1/2
dx x ex dx

4 1 x e x 1/2 1 D x x e x
2
2 x e x 3/2 1 e x
2 1 ex
x e x 3/2
2 1 ex 2 1 ex 21 ex
2/2 1/2
x e x x ex 1 x ex 1/2
x ex x ex

H. Differentiation - Examples involving two applications of chain rule

8
1. If y sin x 2 3x , find D x y . Apply Differentiation law C4:
D x sin function cos function derivative of function
8 8
Solution: y sin x 2 3x function x2 3x

8 8
Dxy cos x 2 3x Dx x2 3x Apply Differentiation law C3:
8 8 1 n n 1
cos x 2 3x 8 x2 3x Dx x2 3x D x function n function derivative of function
2 7
cos x2 3x 8 x2 3x 2x 3 function x2 3x n 8
7 2
8 2x 3 x2 3x cos x 2 3x

2. Find T e tan x , find T . Apply Differentiation C9:

function function
Dx e e derivative of function
1
Solution: T e tan x D x tan x 1/2 function tan x tan x 2

1
e tan x sec 2 x 2 D x x 1/2 Apply Differentiation C6:

e tan x sec 2 x 1x 1/2 D x tan function sec 2 function derivative of function

2
1 e tan x sec 2 x
e tan x sec 2 x function x 1/2
2x 1/2 2 x

8
3. Find d ln arccos 4x . Apply Differentiation C11:
dx
D x ln function 1 derivative of function
function
Solution: d ln arccos 4x function arccos 4x
dx

1 D x arccos 4x Apply Differentiation C14: D x arccos function

arccos 4x
1 derivative of function
2
1 function
1 1 D x 4x function 4x
arccos 4x 1 4x 2

1 1 4
arccos 4x 1 16x 2
4
1 16x 2 arccos 4x

4. If y cos 5 4 ln x , find y . Apply Differentiation C3:

n n 1
D x function n function derivative of function
5
Solution: y cos 5 4 ln x cos 4 ln x function cos 4 ln x and n 5

5 1
y 5 cos 4 ln x Dx cos 4 ln x Apply Differentiation C5:
4
5 cos 4 ln x sin 4 ln x D x 4 ln x D x cos function sin function derivative of function
5 cos 4 ln x 4
sin 4 ln x 4 1 function 4 ln x
x
4
20 sin 4 ln x cos 4 ln x
x
20 sin 4 ln x cos 4 4 ln x
x

5. If y 2 4 sin 3 5x 1 find y .

a
n a
Solution: y 2 4 sin 3 5x 1 Apply sin n x sin x ; Apply f x b b
fx
3
2 4 sin 5x 1
3/4
2 sin 5x 1 Apply Differentiation C3:
n n 1
D x function n function derivative of function
y 2 3 sin 5x 1 3/4 1
D x sin 5x 1 function sin 5x 1 and n 3
4 4
Apply Differentiation C4:
3 sin 5x 1 1/4 cos 5x 1 D x 5x 1 D x sin function cos function derivative of function
2
3 1 cos 5x 1 5 function 5x 1
2 sin 5x 1 1/4
15 1 cos 5x 1
2 4 sin 5x 1 1

15 cos 5x 1
1
2 4 sin 5x 1

9
6. If s t 3 tan 1 t 2 , find s t .
a
a
Apply Exponent law A8 : f x b b
fx
Solution: s t 3 tan 1 t2 fx tan 1 t2
1
3 tan 1 t2
1/3
tan 1 t2 Apply Differentiation C3:
n n 1
D x function n function derivative of function
function tan 1 t2 and n 1
3
s t 1 tan 1 t2 1/3 1
D x tan 1 t2
3
Apply Differentiation C6:
1 tan 1 t 2 2/3
sec 2 1 t2 Dx 1 t2 D x tan function sec 2 function derivative of function
3
1 sec 2 1 t2 2t function 1 t2
2/3
3 tan 1 t 2
2t sec 2 1 t2 2t sec 2 1 t2 2
tan 1 t2 tan 2 1 t2
2 3 3 tan 2 1 t2
3 3 tan 1 t2

7. If y ln cos 3 x , show that D x y 3 tan x .

n
cos n x cos x
3
Solution: y ln cos 3 x ln cos x Apply Laws of logarithms D3 : ln A r r ln A
3 ln cos x
Apply Differentiation C12 :
D x ln function 1 derivative of function
function
Dxy D x ln cos 3 x D x 3 ln cos x function cos x
3 1 D x cos x
cos x
3 sin x
cos x
3 sin x sin x
Trigonometric function: tan x
cos x cos x
3 tan x

3
8. If f x 7 arctan x find f x .

Solution: f x Apply Differentiation C11

3
7 arctan x ln 7 D x arctan x3 Apply Differentiation C15
7 arctan x3 ln 7 1 Dx x3 Apply Differentiation C3
1 x3 2
7 arctan x
3
ln 7 1 3x 2
1 x3 2
3x 2 ln 7 3
7 arctan x
1 x6

10
 9. Find d 1 .
dx 1 e cos x

Solution: 1 1 e cos x
1/2
Simplify radical
1 e cos x
Apply Differentiation C3:

d 1 d 1/2 n n 1
1 e cos x D x function n function derivative of function
dx 1 e cos x dx
1 1 e cos x 1/2 1
Dx 1 e cos x function 1 5 cos x and n 1
2 2
1 1 e cos x 3/2
0 e cos x D x cos x
2
1 e cos x sin x Put 1 e cos x
3/2
in simple radical form
3/2
21 e cos x
sin x e cos x
2/2 1/2
21 e cos x
sin x e cos x
1 1/2
21 e cos x 1 e cos x
sin x e cos x
21 e cos x 1 e cos x

Differentiation Rules

A. Product Rule:

(a) If h x f x g x then h x fx g x gx f x

(b) If h x 1st function 2nd function then

h x 1st function derivative of 2nd function 2nd function derivative of 1st function

B. Quotient Rule:

fx gx f x fx g x
(a) If h x then h x
gx gx 2

numerator
(b) If h x then
denominator

denominator derivative of numerator numerator derivative of denominator

h x 2
denominator

C. Examples

1. If f x x3 5 x2 4x 1 find f . Write answer without parenthesis.

11
Solution: We use the product rule.

f x x3 5 Dx x2 4x 1 x2 4x 1 Dx x3 5
x3 5 2x 4 x2 4x 1 3x 2
2x 4 4x 3 10x 20 3x 4 12x 3 3x 2
5x 4 16x 3 3x 2 10x 20

2. If f x x2 x 2 find f . Write answer as a fraction without parenthesis in the numerator.

2x 3 3x 2

Solution: We use the quotient rule.

2x 3 3x 2 Dx x2 x 2 x2 x 2 D x 2x 3 3x 2
f x 2
2x 3 3x 2
2x 3 3x 2 2x 1 x2 x 2 6x 2 3
2
2x 3 3x 2
4x 4 2x 3 6x 2 3x 4x 2 6x 4 3x 2 6x 3 3x 12x 2 6
2
2x 3 3x 2

4x 4 2x 3 6x 2 7x 2 6x 4 6x 3 9x 2 3x 6
2x 3 3x 2 2
2x 4 4x 3 15x 2 4x 4
2x 3 3x 2 2

5 ln x dy
3. If y find . Write answer without parenthesis in the numerator.
x 3 4x 2 dx

Solution: We use the quotient rule.

x3 4x 2 D x 5 ln x 5 ln x x3 4x 2
f x 2
x3 4x 2
x3 4x 2 5 5 ln x 3x 2 8x
x
x3 4x 2 2
x 3 5x 4x 2 5x 5 ln x 3x 2 5 ln x 8x 5x 2 20x 15x 2 ln x 40x ln x
x3 4x 2 2 x 3 4x 2 2

Implicit Differentiation

d function of y) d function of y) dy 1. Simplify d y3 .

dx dy dx dx
different same

variables variable Solution: d y3 d y 3 dy 3y 2

dy
dx dy dx dx

When variables are the same, take 2. Simplify d cos A .

dt
derivative normally.
Solution: d cos A d cos A dA sin A dA
dt dA dt dt

12
A. Examples

dy
1. Find for x 3 6y 2 4 2y 3 .
dx

Solution: Begin with the equation x3 6y 2 4 2y 3

Take d of both sides d x3 6y 2 d 4 2y 3
dx dx dx
Take d of each term d x3 d 6y 2 d 4 d 2y 3
dx dx dx dx dx
d dy d dy
Find derivatives 3x 2 6y 2 0 2y 3
dy dx dy dx
dy dy dy dy
Think of as a single unit. Get all terms 3x 2 12y 6y 2
dx dx dx dx
dy dy dy
on one side and all non on the other. 3x 2 6y 2 12y
dx dx dx
dy dy
Factor . 3x 2 6y 2 12y
dx dx
dy 3x 2 6y 2 12y dy
Divide both sides by 6y 2 12y to isolate the .
dx 6y 2 12y 6y 2 12y dx
3x 2 dy
6y 2 12y dx
dy
2. Find for 2x 4 y cos y 3 2.
dx

Solution: The term 2x 4 y involves two variables. Write them as a product, and apply the product rule.

2x 4 y cos y 3 2 Write 2x 4 y as 2x 4 y
d 2x 4 y cos y 3 d 2
dx dx
d 2x 4 y d cos y 3 d 2 Apply product rule to 2x 4 y
dx dx dx
2x 4 d y y d 2x 4 d cos y 3 dy 0
dx dx dy dx
dy
2x 4 d y y d 2x 4 sin y 3 D y y 3 0
dx dx dx
dy dy
2x 4 d y y 8x 3 sin y 3 3y 2 0
dy dx dx
dy dy
2x 4 1 8x 3 y 3y 2 sin y 3 0
dx dx
dy dy dy
2x 4 8x 3 y 3y 2 sin y 3 0 Solve for
dx dx dx
4 dy 2 3 dy
2x 3y sin y 8x 3 y
dx dx
dy
2x 4 3y 2 sin y 3 8x 3 y Divide both sides by 2x 4 3y 2 sin y 3
dx
dy 8x 3 y
dx 2x 4 3y 2 sin y 3

Definition of the Derivative: Given a function y fx

fx h fx
1. Derivative: f x lim
h 0 h
fa h fa fx fa
2. Derivative at x a: f a lim or f a lim x a
h 0 h x a

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Examples

1. Use the definition of the derivative to find f x if f x 3x 2 5x 2.

fx h fx
Solution: We use the definition of the derivative given by f x lim .
h 0 h

2
fx h fx 3x h 5x h 2 3x 2 5x 2
f x lim lim
h 0 h h 0 h
3 x2 2xh h2 5x h 2 3x 2 5x 2
lim
h 0 h
2 3h 2 3x 2
lim 3x 6xh 5x 5h 2 5x 2
h 0 h
lim 6xh 3h 2 5h Factor h from numerator.
h 0 h
h 6x 3h 5
lim
h 0 h
lim 6x 3h 5 Substitute h 0 and
h 0

6x 30 5 6x 5 ” lim” disappears.
h 0

2. Use the definition of the derivative to find f x if f x 3 .

x 5

fx h fx
Solution: We use the definition of the derivative given by f x lim .
h 0 h

3 3
fx h fx x h 5 x 5
f x lim lim
h 0 h h 0 h
3 3
lim x h 5 x 5
h 0 h
3x 5 3x h 5
x h 5 x 5 x 5 x h 5
lim
h 0 h
3x 5
3x h 5
x h 5 x 5
lim
h 0 h
3x 15 3x 3h 15
x h 5 x 5
lim
h 0 h
3h a
x h 5 x 5 b a 1
lim Fraction Property: c c
h 0 h b

3h 1
lim Cancel the h in numerator and denominator
h 0 5 xx 5 h
h
lim 3 Substitute h 0 and ” lim” disappears
h 0 x h 5 x 5 h 0
3
x 0 5 x 5
3 3
x 5 x 5 x 5 2

14
3. Use the definition of the derivative to find f x if f x 3x 2 .

fx h fx
Solution: We use the definition of the derivative given by f x lim .
h 0 h

fx h fx 3x h 2 3x 2
f x lim lim
h 0 h h 0 h
Multiply numerator and denominator by conjugate
3x 3h 2 3x 2
lim 3x 3h 2 3x 2
h 0 h

3x 3h 2 3x 2 3x 3h 2 3x 2
lim Apply law:
h 0 h 3x 3h 2 3x 2
a b a b a2 b2
2 2
3x 3h 2 3x 2
lim Do not multiply through denominator.
h 0 h 3x 3h 2 3x 2
2
c c
3x 3h 2 3x 2
lim
h 0 h 3x 3h 2 3x 2

lim 3x 3h 2 3x 2
h 0 h 3x 3h 2 3x 2

lim 3h Cancel h in numerator and denominator

h 0 h 3x 3h 2 3x 2

lim 3 Substitute h 0 and ” lim” disappears

h 0 3x 3h 2 3x 2 h 0

3
3x 30 2 3x 2

3 A A 2A and so if A 3x 2
3x 2 3x 2
3x 2 3x 2 2 3x 2
3
2 3x 2

15
Calculus I Review Assignment: Write answers without negative exponents or fractional exponents. Any radicals should
be written in simple radical form.

1. Simple Derivatives (Do not use product rule, quotient rule, or chain rule)

(a) If f x 4 , find f x (e) If g t t5 4t 4 3t , find dg

t2 dt
2 dy
(b) If T 3 x 5x 2 x 2 tan x , find T (f) If y 5 2x , find
dx
(c) If h x 3 7x 3 ln x , find h x (g) If f x 12 tan x 2 ln x 5 x , find D x f
x3 3 x
(d) If y 2x 4 1 cos x 3 x , find D x y (h) If z 3
x 4 5 cos x 10 x , find z
4x 4 x

2. Product Rule/Quotient Rule (Use quotient rule for functions given as fractions)

(a) If w gy sin y ln y , find dw (c) If m fn n cos n , find dm

dy dn
x2 1 , find F x sin t
(b) If y Fx (d) If y Ft , find F t
x2 5 t cos t

3. One Application of Chain Rule

(a) P cos 7x 3 2x 2 x 2 , find P (c) Find d cos 6 x

dx
(b) g x 3 ln sin x e x , find g x (d) q 3 6x 2 2x 7 , find D x q

4. Two applications of the chain rule

(a) R sin 7 5x 2 6 , find dR (c) gx 2 ln cos x 2 x , find g x

dx
2 dy
(b) p 4e sin 3x x 1 , find p (d) y 3 sin x 6 1 , find
dx

5. Find the following using the definition of the derivative. Do NOT use the differentiation rules.

(a) f x 3x 2 8 (c) px x 3 (e) P y 2y 1 (g) g x x2 1

x
(b) g x 1 (d) f x 6 (f) kx 2 (h) F x 8x 3
x 3 3x 2 3 7x

dy
6. Use implicit differentiation to find .
dx
(a) x 3 x2y 4y 2 6 (b) 8x 3 y 4 tan y ex (c) 4x 3 y 5 2x sin y (d) y 2 cos x x3 y

7. Find the following. A means "do not use the quotient rule."

(a) D x arctan 4x (e) If Q 2u 2 u find Q . (i) If r 7p

2 5p find dr
u3 1 dp
(b) If y 2 x cos x find y (f) If F x cos x 5 find F x (j) If f x sin x 2 4 find f x

(c) d ln 5x 2 7x 1 4
(g) D y e arcsin y
2
(k) D y ln arcsin y
dx

(d) If f t tan 7 3t 4 (h) d 5 (l) d 3 x5 4x 2

dx 6 dx
2 x4 3x 1

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Calculus I Review Assignment Answers

1.(a) 0 (b) T 3 25 x x 2 sec 2 x (c) h x 10 21x 2 1 (d) D x y 8x 3 1 sin x 3 x ln 3

2 x 2 x4 3 x x x5
dg 3 dy 2
(e) 3t 2 8t (f) 20 8x (g) D x f sec 2 x x 5 x ln 5
dt t2 dx
(h) z 1 2 5 sin x 10 x ln 10
3 3
x2 x x

sin y 12x 1 cos n

2.(a) dw y ln y cos y (b) F x 2
(c) dm n sin n
dy x2 5 dn 2 n
t cos t sin t 1
(d) F t
t cos t 2

3 cos x ex d cos 6 x
3.(a) P 21x 2 4x 1 sin 7x 3 2x 2 x 2 (b) g x (c) 6 sin x cos 5 x
sin x ex dx
(d) D x q 12x 2
2
3 3 6x 2 2x 7

4.(a) dR
2
70x cos 5x 2 6 sin 6 5x 2 6 (b) p 4 6x 1 cos 3x 2 x 1 e sin 3x x 1
dx
2 2x 1 sin x 2 x dy 2x 5 cos x 6 1
(c) g x (d)
cos x 2 x dx 3 sin x 6 1 2

5.(a) f x 6x (b) g x 1 (c) p x 1 (d) f x 18

x 3 2 2 x 3 3x 2 2

(e) P y 1 (f) k x 14 (g) g x 2x 1 (h) F x 4

2y 1 3 7x 2 x2 8x 3

dy 3x 2 2xy dy e x 24x 2 y 4 12x 2 y 5 2 3x 2 y 2 sin x

6.(a) (b) (c) (h)
dx x 2 8y dx sec 2 y 32x 3 y 3 cos y 20x 3 y 4 1 2y cos x

4 4 10x 7
7.(a) (b) 2 x ln 2 cos x 2 x sin x (c) ln 5x 2 7x 1 3 (d) 84t 3 sec 3t 4 tan 6 3t 4
1 16x 2 5x 2 7x 1
2
2u 4 2u 3 4u 1 5x 4 sin x 5 2ye arcsin y 15 4x 3 3 2 5p ln
(e) (f) (g) (h) (i) 2p 5 7p 7
u3 1 2 2 cos x 5 1 y4 x 4 3x 1 7

x cos x 2 4 1 2 5x 4 4 x ln 4
(j) (k) (l)
x2 4 arcsin y 1 y2 3 3 x5 4x

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