Goodeniaceae

Swamp goodenia Goodenia humilis, copyright Natalie Tapson.

Belongs within: Asterales.
Contains: Scaevola, Velleia, Dampiera, Goodenia section Eugoodenia.

The Goodeniaceae are a family of mostly Australian herbs and shrubs in which the flowers have the five lobes of the corolla usually arranged in two lips, and the style terminated by a compressed cup-shaped or two-lipped indusium. The blue pincushion Brunonia australis has a superior ovary and exalbuminous seeds whereas in other genera of Goodeniaceae the ovary is usually inferior except for its convex summit (Black & Robertson 1965).

<==Goodeniaceae [Goodenovieae]
    |  i. s.: Scaevola SP03
    |         Velleia M99
    |         Coopernookia strophiolata G04b
    |         Selliera Cavanilles 1799 A61, C99
    |           `--*S. radicans Cavanilles 1799 C99 (see below for synonymy)
    |         Catosperma goodeniaceum (see below for synonymy) BR65
    |         Calogyne berardiana BR65
    |         Verreauxia reinwardtii B00
    |         Poluspissusites digitatus CBH93
    |--Brunonia [Brunoniaceae, Brunonioideae] T00
    |    `--B. australis BR65
    |--Dampieroideae T00
    |    |--Dampiera T00
    |    |--Anthotium T00
    |    |    |--A. humile GK00
    |    |    |--A. junciforme GK00
    |    |    `--A. odontophyllum OS04
    |    `--Leschenaultia T00
    |         |--L. biloba OS04
    |         |--L. divaricata BR65
    |         |--L. expansa GK00
    |         |--L. filiformis LK14
    |         |--L. formosa GK00
    |         |--L. linarioides KM08
    |         `--L. subcymosa KM08
    `--Goodenia SP03 [Goodenioideae T00]
         |  i. s.: G. arachnoidea LK14
         |         G. arthrotricha SP03
         |         G. azurea SP03
         |         G. bellidifolia C08
         |         G. berardiana M99
         |         G. berringbinensis SP03
         |         G. bicolor LK14
         |         G. brachypoda SP03
         |         G. byrnesii SP03
         |         G. caerula SP03
         |         G. claytoniacea SP03
         |         G. coronopifolia LK14
         |         G. crenata SP03
         |         G. cylindrocarpa SP03
         |         G. decursiva SP03
         |         G. drummondii SP03
         |           |--G. d. ssp. drummondii SP03
         |           `--G. d. ssp. megaphylla SP03
         |         G. durackiana SP03
         |         G. fascicularis SP03
         |         G. filiformis SP03
         |         G. gibbosa SP03
         |         G. glabra SP03
         |         G. gloeophylla SP03
         |         G. halophila SP03
         |         G. hartiana SP03
         |         G. heatheriana SP03
         |         G. hederacea H87
         |         G. helmsii SP03
         |         G. heppleana LK14
         |         G. heterophylla H87
         |         G. holtzeana LK14
         |         G. incana SP03
         |         G. integerrima SP03
         |         G. inundata SP03
         |         G. janamba SP03
         |         G. kakadu SP03
         |         G. katabudjar SP03
         |         G. kingiana SP03
         |         G. laevis SP03
         |           |--G. l. ssp. laevis SP03
         |           `--G. l. ssp. humifusa SP03
         |         G. lamprosperma LK14
         |         G. leiosperma SP03
         |         G. leptoclada SP03
         |         G. lyrata SP03
         |         G. malvina LK14
         |         G. micrantha GK00
         |         G. microptera SP03
         |         G. mimuloides GK00
         |         G. neogoodenia SP03
         |         G. nuda SP03
         |         G. occidentalis G04a
         |         G. ochracea KM08
         |         G. odonnellii LK14
         |         G. omearana SP03
         |         G. pallida SP03
         |         G. paludicola SP03
         |         G. paniculata M65
         |         G. pascua SP03
         |         G. perryi SP03
         |         G. phillipsiae SP03
         |         G. pilosa LK14
         |         G. pinifolia G04b
         |         G. prostrata GMD11
         |         G. psammophila LK14
         |           |--G. p. ssp. psammophila LK14
         |           `--G. p. ssp. hiddinsiana LK14
         |         G. pulchella SP03
         |         G. pumilo SP03
         |         G. purpurascens SP03
         |         G. quadrilocularis SP03
         |         G. redacta LK14
         |         G. salmoniana SP03
         |         G. scapigera SP03
         |           |--G. s. ssp. scapigera SP03
         |           `--G. s. ssp. graniticola SP03
         |         G. schwerinensis SP03
         |         G. sepalosa SP03
         |           |--G. s. var. sepalosa SP03
         |           `--G. s. var. glandulosa SP03
         |         G. sericostachya SP03
         |         G. stellata SP03
         |         G. stenophylla SP03
         |         G. strangfordii SP03
         |         G. suffrutescens SP03
         |         G. trichophylla SP03
         |         G. virgata SP03
         |         G. watsonii OS04
         |         G. xanthotricha SP03
         |--G. sect. Amphichila BR65
         |    |--G. humilis BR65
         |    `--G. modesta Black 1912 BR65
         `--G. sect. Eugoodenia BR65

Catosperma goodeniaceum [=Scaevola goodeniacea Mueller 1858, C. goodeniacea; incl. C. muelleri Bentham 1868] BR65

*Selliera radicans Cavanilles 1799 C99 [incl. S. fasciculata Buchanan 1871 A61, S. microphylla Colenso 1890 A61, Goodenia repens Labill. 1804 A61]

*Type species of generic name indicated

REFERENCES

[A61] Allan, H. H. 1961. Flora of New Zealand vol. 1. Indigenous Tracheophyta: Psilopsida, Lycopsida, Filicopsida, Gymnospermae, Dicotyledones. R. E. Owen, Government Printer: Wellington (New Zealand).

[BR65] Black, J. M., & E. L. Robertson. 1965. Flora of South Australia. Part IV. Oleaceae–Compositae. W. L. Hawes, Government Printer: Adelaide.

[B00] Braby, M. F. 2000. Butterflies of Australia: their identification, biology and distribution vol. 2. CSIRO Publishing: Collingwood (Victoria).

[C08] Cambage, R. H. 1908. Notes on the native flora of New South Wales. Part VI. Deepwater to Torrington and Emmaville. Proceedings of the Linnean Society of New South Wales 33 (1): 45–65, pls 1–2.

[C99] Cavanilles, M. 1799. Selliera. Nouveau genre de plante. Bulletin des Sciences, par la Societé Philomathique de Paris 2 (33): 65.

[CBH93] Collinson, M. E., M. C. Boulter & P. L. Holmes. 1993. Magnoliophyta (‘Angiospermae’). In: Benton, M. J. (ed.) The Fossil Record 2 pp. 809–841. Chapman & Hall: London.

[GMD11] George, A. S., N. L. McKenzie & P. Doughty. 2011. A Biodiversity Survey of the Pilbara Region of Western Australia 2002–2007. Records of the Western Australian Museum Supplement 78 (1).

[G04a] Gibson, N. 2004a. Flora and vegetation of the Eastern Goldfields Ranges: part 6. Mt Manning Range. Journal of the Royal Society of Western Australia 87 (2): 35–47.

[G04b] Gibson, N. 2004b. Flora and vegetation of the Eastern Goldfields Ranges: part 7. Middle and South Ironcap, Digger Rock and Hatter Hill. Journal of the Royal Society of Western Australia 87 (2): 49–62.

[GK00] Gibson, N., & G. J. Keighery. 2000. Flora and vegetation of the Byenup-Muir reserve system, south-west Western Australia. CALMScience 3 (3): 323–402.

[H87] Haviland, E. 1887. Flowering seasons of Australian plants. No. I—List of plants indigenous in the neighbourhood of Sydney, flowering during July. Proceedings of the Linnean Society of New South Wales, series 2, 1 (4): 1049–1051.

[KM08] Keighery, G. J., & W. Muir. 2008. Vegetation and vascular flora of Faure Island, Shark Bay, Western Australia. Records of the Western Australian Museum Supplement 75: 11–19.

[LK14] Lyons, M. N., G. J. Keighery, L. A. Gibson & T. Handasyde. 2014. Flora and vegetation communities of selected islands off the Kimberley coast of Western Australia. Records of the Western Australian Museum Supplement 81: 205–244.

[M99] Matthews, M. 1999. Heliothine Moths of Australia: A guide to bollworms and related noctuid groups. CSIRO Publishing.

[M65] Michener, C. D. 1965. A classification of the bees of the Australian and South Pacific regions. Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History 130: 1–362.

[OS04] Obbens, F. J., & L. W. Sage. 2004. Vegetation and flora of a diverse upland remnant of the Western Australian wheatbelt (Nature Reserve A21064). Journal of the Royal Society of Western Australia 87 (1): 19–28.

[SP03] Sage, L. W., & J. P. Pigott. 2003. Conservation status of Goodenia (Goodeniaceae) in Western Australia, including a review of threatened, rare and poorly known species. Journal of the Royal Society of Western Australia 86 (4): 123–132.

[T00] Thorne, R. F. 2000. The classification and geography of the flowering plants: dicotyledons of the class Angiospermae (subclasses Magnoliidae, Ranunculidae, Caryophyllidae, Dilleniidae, Rosidae, Asteridae, and Lamiidae). The Botanical Review 66: 441–647.

Last updated: 28 March 2020.

Dampiera

Dampiera diversifolia, copyright Mrpbps.

Belongs within: Goodeniaceae.

Dampiera is a genus of herbs and subshrubs endemic to Australia, most diverse in the west of the continent (Black & Robertson 1965).

Characters (from Black & Robertson 1965): Perennial herbs or undershrubs, more or less tomentose with stellate hairs, which are either short, or longer and stellately branched, or stellate only at base and then long and barbellate, or almost simple upwards, sometimes with short spreading scattered branched up to the summit (plumose), or rarely with short hairs whose branches are divaricate, fasciate, and lie in the same plane. Sepals 5, very small and inconspicuous; corolla usually deeply slit on upper side, but with entire persistent circumsciss and often ragged base, the two upper lobes deeply separated, with broad wing on inner margin and smaller wing and thick concave, usually red, auricle along outer margin (next to slit), the three lower lobes less deeply separated, broadly and equally winged; anthers cohering in tube around summit; stigma with two rounded, usually prominent lobes; ovary inferior, one-celled, with one erect basal ovule; fruit small, a nut or drupe; embryo terete.

<==Dampiera
    |--D. alata GK00
    |--D. angulata G04b
    |--D. anonyma BS05
    |--D. brownii H87
    |--D. conospermoides LK14
    |--D. cuneata GK00
    |--D. diversifolia GK00
    |--D. fasciculata GK00
    |--D. haematotricha OS04
    |    |--D. h. ssp. haematotricha G04b
    |    `--D. h. ssp. dura G04b
    |--D. hederacea GK00
    |--D. incana KM08
    |--D. juncea OS04
    |--D. lanceolata BR65
    |--D. lavandulacea BR65
    |--D. leptoclada BR65
    |--D. lindleyi SB04
    |--D. linearis RL05
    |--D. marifolia BR65
    |--D. metallorum BS05
    |--D. peduculata GK00
    |--D. rosmarinifolia BR65
    |--D. roycei G04a
    |--D. sacculata OS04
    |--D. stenophylla S95
    |--D. stricta BR65
    |--D. trigona GK00
    `--D. triloba GK00

*Type species of generic name indicated

REFERENCES

[BR65] Black, J. M., & E. L. Robertson. 1965. Flora of South Australia. Part IV. Oleaceae–Compositae. W. L. Hawes, Government Printer: Adelaide.

[BS05] Butcher, R., & L. W. Sage. 2005. Tetratheca fordiana (Elaeocarpaceae), a new species from the Pilbara of Western Australia. Journal of the Royal Society of Western Australia 88 (2): 73–76.

[G04a] Gibson, N. 2004a. Flora and vegetation of the Eastern Goldfields Ranges: part 6. Mt Manning Range. Journal of the Royal Society of Western Australia 87 (2): 35–47.

[G04b] Gibson, N. 2004b. Flora and vegetation of the Eastern Goldfields Ranges: part 7. Middle and South Ironcap, Digger Rock and Hatter Hill. Journal of the Royal Society of Western Australia 87 (2): 49–62.

[GK00] Gibson, N., & G. J. Keighery. 2000. Flora and vegetation of the Byenup-Muir reserve system, south-west Western Australia. CALMScience 3 (3): 323–402.

[H87] Haviland, E. 1887. Flowering seasons of Australian plants. No. II. Proceedings of the Linnean Society of New South Wales, series 2, 1 (4): 1103–1104.

[KM08] Keighery, G. J., & W. Muir. 2008. Vegetation and vascular flora of Faure Island, Shark Bay, Western Australia. Records of the Western Australian Museum Supplement 75: 11–19.

[LK14] Lyons, M. N., G. J. Keighery, L. A. Gibson & T. Handasyde. 2014. Flora and vegetation communities of selected islands off the Kimberley coast of Western Australia. Records of the Western Australian Museum Supplement 81: 205–244.

[OS04] Obbens, F. J., & L. W. Sage. 2004. Vegetation and flora of a diverse upland remnant of the Western Australian wheatbelt (Nature Reserve A21064). Journal of the Royal Society of Western Australia 87 (1): 19–28.

[RL05] Rafferty, C., & B. B. Lamont. 2005. Selective feeding by macropods on vegetation regenerating following fire. Journal of the Royal Society of Western Australia 88 (4): 155–165.

[SB04] Sage, L. W., P. A. Blankendaal, A. Moylett & K. Agar. 2004. The occurrence and impact of Phytophthora cinnamomi in the central-western Avon Wheatbelt bioregion of Western Australia. Journal of the Royal Society of Western Australia 87 (1): 15–18.

[S95] Smith, G. T. 1995. Species richness, habitat and conservation of scorpions in the Western Australian wheatbelt. Records of the Western Australian Museum Supplement 52: 55–66.

Scaevola

Fairy fan-flower Scaevola aemula, copyright Nemracc.

Belongs within: Goodeniaceae.

Scaevola, fan-flowers, is a pantropical genus of herbs or shrubs, most diverse in Australia, whose asymmetrical flowers have distinctly spreading corolla lobes (Black & Robertson 1965).

Characters (from Black & Robertson 1965): Herbs, undershrubs or shrubs; flowers sessile or pedunculate, in the axil of a leafy floral bract and with two narrow bracteoles at base. Sepals 5, short, sometimes minute; corolla slit to base on upper side, lobes subequal, spreading like a fan or the fingers of an open hand; wings equal; auricles absent; stamens free; ovary inferior, two-celled with one erect ovule in each cell, rarely one-celled with one or two erect basal ovules; style usually curved inwards at summit; indusium cup-shaped, ciliate at summit; fruit indehiscent, dry or succulent, endocarp usually bony; seeds oblong, embryo mostly terete.

<==Scaevola Linnaeus 1771 A61
    |--S. sect. Crossotoma BR65
    |    |--S. bursariifolia BR65
    |    `--S. spinescens BR65
    |--S. sect. Pogonanthera BR65
    |    |--S. collaris BR65
    |    `--S. depauperata BR65
    `--S. sect. Xerocarpaea R65
         |--S. aemula Brown 1810 [incl. S. humilis Brown 1810] BR65
         |--S. albida (Smith) Druce 1917 [=Goodenia albida Smith 1794; incl. S. microcarpa Cavanilles 1801] BR65
         |--S. calendulacea (Andrews) Druce 1917 (see below for synonymy) BR65
         |--S. collina Black ex Robertson 1965 R65
         |--S. crassifolia BR65
         |--S. linearis BR65
         |    |--S. l. var. linearis BR65
         |    `--S. l. var. confertifolia BR65
         |--S. nitida BR65
         |--S. ovalifolia BR65
         |    |--S. o. var. ovalifolia BR65
         |    `--S. o. var. glabra BR65
         `--S. pallida [=S. microcarpa var. pallida] BR65

Scaevola incertae sedis:
  S. browniana LK14
  S. calliptera SP03
  S. frutescens K03
  S. globulifera GK00
  S. gracilis Hooker 1856 A61
  S. koenigii YZ02
  S. lanceolata GK00
  S. macrostachya LK14
  S. myrtifolia [incl. S. groeneri] BR65
  S. parvifolia SM90
  S. phlebopetala GK00
  S. platyphylla GK00
  S. plumieri (Linnaeus) Vahl 1791 (see below for synonymy) GB02
  S. repens KM08
    |--S. r. var. repens KM08
    `--S. r. var. erecta KM08
  S. revoluta LK14
    |--S. r. ssp. revoluta LK14
    `--S. r. ssp. stenostachya LK14
  S. sericea GB02
  S. taccada SB12
  S. tomentosa KM08

Scaevola calendulacea (Andrews) Druce 1917 [=Goodenia calendulacea Andrews 1798; incl. S. suaveolens Brown 1810] BR65

Scaevola plumieri (Linnaeus) Vahl 1791 [=Lobelia plumieri Linnaeus 1753; incl. S. lobelia Murray 1774 (nom. illeg.)] GB02

*Type species of generic name indicated

REFERENCES

[A61] Allan, H. H. 1961. Flora of New Zealand vol. 1. Indigenous Tracheophyta: Psilopsida, Lycopsida, Filicopsida, Gymnospermae, Dicotyledones. R. E. Owen, Government Printer: Wellington (New Zealand).

[BR65] Black, J. M., & E. L. Robertson. 1965. Flora of South Australia. Part IV. Oleaceae–Compositae. W. L. Hawes, Government Printer: Adelaide.

[GK00] Gibson, N., & G. J. Keighery. 2000. Flora and vegetation of the Byenup-Muir reserve system, south-west Western Australia. CALMScience 3 (3): 323–402.

[GB02] Gopalakrishna Bhat, K. 2002. Additions to the flora of Karnataka. Journal of the Bombay Natural History Society 99 (3): 566–567.

[K03] Kårehed, J. 2003. The family Pennantiaceae and its relationships to Apiales. Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society 141: 1–24.

[KM08] Keighery, G. J., & W. Muir. 2008. Vegetation and vascular flora of Faure Island, Shark Bay, Western Australia. Records of the Western Australian Museum Supplement 75: 11–19.

[LK14] Lyons, M. N., G. J. Keighery, L. A. Gibson & T. Handasyde. 2014. Flora and vegetation communities of selected islands off the Kimberley coast of Western Australia. Records of the Western Australian Museum Supplement 81: 205–244.

[R65] Robertson, E. L. 1965. Diagnoses to new taxa. In: Black, J. M., & E. L. Robertson. Flora of South Australia. Part IV. Oleaceae–Compositae pp. 946. W. L. Hawes, Government Printer: Adelaide.

[SP03] Sage, L. W., & J. P. Pigott. 2003. Conservation status of Goodenia (Goodeniaceae) in Western Australia, including a review of threatened, rare and poorly known species. Journal of the Royal Society of Western Australia 86 (4): 123–132.

[SM90] Smith, G. T., & S. R. Morton. 1990. Responses by scorpions to fire-initiates succession in arid Australian spinifex grasslands. Journal of Arachnology 18: 241–244.

[SB12] Smith, M. J., C. R. J. Boland, D. Maple & B. Tiernan. 2012. The Christmas Island blue-tailed skink (Cryptoblepharus egeriae): a survey protocol and an assessment of factors that relate to occupancy and detection. Records of the Western Australian Museum 27 (1): 40–44.

[YZ02] Yahya, H. S. A., & A. A. Zarri. 2002. Status, ecology and behaviour of Narcondam hornbill (Aceros narcondami) in Narcondam Island, Andaman and Nicobar Islands, India. Journal of the Bombay Natural History Society 99 (3): 434–445.