Department of Education: Republic of The Philippines

Republic of the Philippines
Department of Education
REGION IV-A CALABARZON
SCHOOLS DIVISION OF BATANGAS
LEARNING ACTIVITY SHEET TEMPLATE
GENERAL MATHEMATICS
Title
Name of Learner: ____________________________________
Grade Level: ____________________________________
Strand/Track: ____________________________________
Section: ____________________________________
Date: ____________________________________
Background Information for Learners
In this activity sheets, the competencies expected that you will learn are found in
the Module Content. You will see how relations and functions are represented and what
piece-wise functions are. You will also learn how to evaluate perform operations with
functions and composite functions. Plus, you will need critical thinking skills as you solve
problems with functions.
The module is focused on:
Lesson 1 REPRESENTATIONS OF FUNCTIONS AND RELATIONS
A. Learning Competency with code

In this activity sheets, you will learn to:
1. Represent real-life situations using functions, including piece-wise functions;
M11GM-la-1
B. Directions/ Instructions
REMINDERS:
1. Use the activity sheets with care. Do not put unnecessary mark/s on any part of the
activity sheets. Use a separate sheet of paper in answering the exercises.
2. Don’t forget to answer What I Know before moving on to the other activities included
in the activity sheets.
3. Read the instruction carefully before doing each task.
4. Observe honesty and integrity in doing the tasks and checking your answers.
5. Finish the task at hand before proceeding to the next.
6. Return this activity sheets to your teacher/facilitator once you are through with it.
If you encounter any difficulty in answering the tasks in this activity sheets, do not
hesitate to consult your teacher or facilitator. Always bear in mind that you are not
alone.
We hope that through this material, you will experience meaningful learning and
gain deep understanding of the relevant competencies. You can do it!
C. Exercises / Activities
a. What I need to know
Address: Provincial Sports Complex, Bolbok, 4200 Batangas City

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deped.batangas@deped.gov.ph
www.depedbatangas.org
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Function is said to be the central idea in the study of mathematics. In many

situations, there is a mathematical function in which one quality according to
some definite rule.
Physical situations and number patterns can be represented by tables,
graphs, verbal rules and equations where their interrelationship can be studied
and analyzed (Bernabe, 2006).
After going through this activity, you are expected to:

1. Represent real – life situation using function, including piecewise functions.
2. Appreciate the use of function in real-life situation.
b. What I Know
Multiple Choice. Choose the letter of the best answer. Write the chosen letter
on a separate sheet of paper.
1. Which of the following statements represents a function?
A. Students of their current age?
B. Countries to its capital?
C. A store to its merchandise
D. Teacher and student’s relationship
2. Which of the following diagram represents a relation that is not a function?
A. One – to – one
B. One – to – many
C. Many – to – one
D. None of the above
3. A method of determining whether or not a graph represent a function is called
the ___________________.
A. Diagonal Line test
B. Horizontal Line Test
C. Zigzag Line Test
D. Vertical Line Test
4. Which of the following relationship is NOT a function?

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5. The altitude of a plane is a function of the times since take off. What is the
dependent variable?
A. Time
B. Speed
C. Altitude
D. All of the above
6. Which of the following letters will pass the vertical line test?
A. V
B. X
C. Y
D. Z
7. Given the relation A = { (5,2, (7,4), (9,10), (x,5) }. Which of the following values for
x will make relation a function?
A. 7
B. 9
C. 4
D. 5
8. The simple interest (I) earn on P5,000 for one year is related to annual percentage
(r). What a function that models this situation?
A. f(x) = 5000x
B. f(x) = 5000 + x
C. f(x) = 5000x + 1
D. f(x) = 5000 – x
9. A computer shop charges 20 pesos per hour (or a fraction of an hour) for the first
two hours and an additional 10 pesos per hour for each succeeding hour. Represent
your computer rental fee using the function R(t) where t is the number of hours you
spent on the computer.
A. R(t) = 30t – 20
B. R(t) = 30t -10
C. R(t) = 30t + 20
D. R(t) = 30 + 10

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10. The perimeter of a rectangle is 28 cm. Which of the following express the area of
the rectangle in terms of the width x?
A. 28x - x²
B. 18x - x²
C. 14x - x²
D. 7x - x²
11. Joshua resides in a certain city, but he starts a new job in the neighboring city.
Every Monday, he drives his new car 90 kilometers from his residence to the office
and spends the week in a company apartment. He drives back home every Friday.
After 4 weeks of this routinary activity, his car’s odometer shows that he has
travelled 870 kilometers since he bought the car. Write a linear model which gives
the distance y covered by the car as a function of x number of weeks since he used
the car.
A. y = 180x + 150
B. y = 90x + 510
C. y = 180x + 510
D. y = 90x + 150
12. Contaminated water is subject to a cleaning process. The concentration of

pollutant is initially 10 mg per liter of water. If the cleaning process can reduce the
pollutant by 5% each hour, define a function that can represent the concentration of
pollutants in the water in terms of the number of hours that the cleaning process
has taken place.
A. 10 + (0.95)𝑡 mg/l
B. 10 + (0.5)𝑡 mg/l
C. 10(0.5)𝑡 mg/l
D. 10(0.95)𝑡 mg/l
13. A certain chocolate bar costs P35.00 per piece. However, if you buy mor than 10
pieces, they will be marked down the price of P32.00 per piece. Use a piecewise
function to represent the cost in terms of the number of chocolate bars brought.
A. {35𝑛 ,𝑖𝑓 0 <𝑛 ≤1032𝑛 ,𝑖𝑓 𝑛 >10
B. {35𝑛 ,𝑖𝑓 0 >𝑛 ≥1032𝑛 ,𝑖𝑓 𝑛 >10
C. {35𝑛 ,𝑖𝑓 0 <𝑛 ≤1032𝑛 ,𝑖𝑓 𝑛 <10
D. {35𝑛 ,𝑖𝑓 0 >𝑛 ≥1032𝑛 ,𝑖𝑓 𝑛 <10

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14. A Zumba instructor charges according to the number of participants, if there are
10 participants or below, the instructor charge P500.00 for each participant per
month. If the number of participants is between 10 and 25, he charges P400.00 for
each participant per month. If there are 25 participants or more, he charges
P350.00 for each participant per month. Write the piecewise function that describes
what the instructor charges.
A. {500𝑛 ,𝑖𝑓 0 <𝑛 ≤10400𝑛 ,𝑖𝑓 10 <𝑛 ≤25350𝑛 ,𝑖𝑓 𝑛>35
B. {500𝑛 ,𝑖𝑓 0 <𝑛 ≤10400𝑛 ,𝑖𝑓 10 <𝑛 ≤25350𝑛 ,𝑖𝑓 𝑛=25
C. {500𝑛 ,𝑖𝑓 0 <𝑛 ≤10400𝑛 ,𝑖𝑓 10 >𝑛 ≥25350𝑛 ,𝑖𝑓 𝑛>25
D. {500𝑛 ,𝑖𝑓 0 >𝑛 ≥10400𝑛 ,𝑖𝑓 10 >𝑛 ≥25350𝑛 ,𝑖𝑓 𝑛<25
15. A school fair committee wants to sell t-shirt for their color fair. They found a
supplier that sells t-shirts at a price of P175.00 a piece but can charge P15,000 for a
bulk order of 100 shirts and P125.00 for each excess t-shirt after that. Use a
piecewise function to represent the cost in terms of the number of t-shirt purchased.
A. {175𝑛 ,𝑖𝑓 0>𝑛 ≥9915 000 ,𝑖𝑓 𝑛=100 15 000+125(𝑛−100) ,𝑖𝑓 𝑛>100
B. {175𝑛 ,𝑖𝑓 0>𝑛 ≥9915 000 ,𝑖𝑓 𝑛=100 15 000+125(𝑛+100) ,𝑖𝑓 𝑛>100
C. {175𝑛 ,𝑖𝑓 0<𝑛 ≤9915 000 ,𝑖𝑓 𝑛=100 15 000+125(𝑛−100) ,𝑖𝑓 𝑛>100
D. {175𝑛 ,𝑖𝑓 0<𝑛 ≤9915 000 ,𝑖𝑓 𝑛=100 15 000+125(𝑛+100) ,𝑖𝑓 𝑛>100
c. What’s In
Activity 1. DO YOU KNOW ME?

Determine whether or not each relation is a function. Rest a check (√) on the
space that corresponds your answer.
Function Not Function
1. { ( 2, 3), (-6, 5), ( 0, -2), ( -1, -5) }
2. { (1, 3), (1,4), (2, 5), (2, 6), (3, 7) }
3.
Input x Output y
-4 1
-3 2
-4 3
-5 4
4.
Input x Output y
1 3
2 6
3 9
4 12
5. 𝑥2 + 𝑦2 − 6 = 0

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6. 𝑥2 + 𝑦 = 5
7. y
8. y
Let us recall the definition of relation and function.
Relations Functions
A function is a relation where each

element in the domain is related to only
A relation is a rule that relates values one value in the range by some rule.
from a set of values (called the domain) to
a second set of values (called the range).
The elements of the domain can be The elements of the domain can be imagined
imagined as input to a machine that as input to a machine that applies a rule so
applies a rule to these inputs to generate that so that each input corresponds to only
one or more outputs one output.
A relation is also a set of ordered pairs A function is a set of ordered pairs (x, y) such
(x,y). that no two ordered pairs have the same x-
value but different y-values.
A function is a set of ordered pairs (x,y) such that no two ordered pairs have the
same x-value but different y-values, using functional notation, we can write f(x) = y read as
“f of x is equal to y”. In particular, if (1, 2) is an ordered pair associated with the function f,
then we say that f(2) = 1.
In activity 1 (Do You Know Me) No. 1 each element in the domain {2, -6, 0, 1}, is
assigned to no more than on value in the range { 3, 5, -2, -5 }. Therefore, it is a function.
Meanwhile in No. 2 is not a function because (1, 3), (1, 4) and (2, 5), (2, 6) are ordered pairs
with the same x-value but different y-values.
In Activity 1 (Do You Know Me) No. 3 is not a function since there is a repetition to
the input value. The domain { -4, -3, -4, -5} and the range { 1, 2, 3, 4 }. Meanwhile in No. 4
each value matches to only one output value. The domain is {1, 2, 3, 4} and the range is { 3,
6, 9, 12}. Therefore, this relation is a function.

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If we are given a set of ordered pairs, we can easily determine whether the relation is a
function or not by simply looking if each first element is used only once in the given set.
In Activity 1 (Do You Know Me) No. 5, when the equation is solved for y we have,
𝑥2 + 𝑦2 − 6 = 0 write the original equation
𝑥2 + 𝑦2 = 6 add 6 to both sides
𝑦2 = 6 − 𝑥 2 subtract 𝑥2
𝑦 apply the square root method.
The symbol ± in the last equation shows that for all values of x between -2 and
2, there are values of y, for example, if x = 1, then y = ± . Hence, the

equation does not define y as a function of x.
In activity 1 (Do You Know Me) No. 6, when the equation is solved for y we have..
𝑥2 + 𝑦 = 5 write the original equation
𝑦 = 5 − 𝑥2 subtract 𝑥2 to both side
In the equation 𝑦 = 5 − 𝑥2 there is no value of x that makes the function y undefined. Thus,
the domain of 𝑦 = 5 − 𝑥2 is the set of real numbers or {x/x ∈ R}.
Note:
When finding the domain and range of a function involving:
1. A radical with an even index: radicand must be non-negative; thus, the radicand
must be greater than or equal to zero.
2. In a fraction the denominator must be not be equal to zero.
In activity 1 (Do You Know Me) No. 7 and 8 use the vertical line test to determine whether
the graph is function or not.
Vertical line test

A graph represents a function if and only f each vertical line intersects the graph at
most once.

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Using a vertical line test in activity 1 (Do You Know Me) No. 7 we have..
y
Thus, y is a function since the vertical line intersect x the

graph in only 1 point.
Likewise, using the vertical line test in activity 1 (Do You Know Me) No. 8, we have..
y Thus, y is not function of x, two values of y
correspond to an x-value. That the vertical line

intersect the graph in two (2) points.
In previous studies, a relation was defined as a

correspondence between two variables, x and y. or as a set of ordered pair (x,y), where x, is
related to y.
For instance, the price of a plot of land (y) is related to the number of square meters
of land bought (x); the monthly wages (y) of an employee is related to the number hours the
employee worked (x): the water bill paid for the month (y) is related to the number of cubic
meters of water consumed.
d. What’s New
Activity 2. Try Me
The SSG Organization plans to sell cupcakes to raise a fund. A bakery charges them
P15.00 for the first 100 cupcakes. After the first 100 cupcakes they purchase up to
150 cupcakes the bakery reduces the price to P13.50 per cupcake. After they
purchased150 cupcakes, the price lower to P10.00 per cupcake. Write a function
that models this situation.
In this scenario you need to use Piecewise function to model the situation.
e. What is It
Functions as representations of real-life situations.
Functions can often be used to model real situations. Identifying an appropriate functional
model will lead to a better understanding of various phenomena.

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Definition.
A linear functionis a function of the form f(x) = ax + b, where a ≠ 0.

A quadratic functionis a function of the form f(x) = ax²+ bx + c, where a ≠ 0.
A polynomial function of degree n is a function of the form f(x) =𝑎𝑛𝑥𝑛 + 𝑎𝑛−1𝑥𝑛−1 + 𝑎1𝑥 + 𝑎0;
where n≠ 0:
• Example 1. Give a function C that can represent that cost of buying x meals, if one
meal costs P40.
Solution: since each meal cost P40, then the cost function is C(x) = 40x.
• Example 2. One hundred meters of fencing is available to enclose a rectangular
area next to a river. Give a function A that can represent the area that can be enclosed, in
terms of x.
Solution: the area of the rectangular enclosure is A=xy. We will write this as
a function of x. since only 100 m of fencing is available, then
x + 2y = 100 write the original equation
2y = 100 – x subtract x on both side

100−𝑥
y= divide 2 on both side
2
y = 50 – 0.5x change y to A
A = 50 – 0.5x multiply x
A(x) = x(50 – 0.5x) use distributive property

A(x) = 50𝑥 − 0.5𝑥2
Piecewise Function

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Some situations can only be described by more than one formula, depending on the
value of the independent variable. Like in activity 2 you use piecewise function to
represent the situation.
A piecewise function is a function defined by multiple sub functions, where each

sub function applies to a certain interval of the main function’s domain
Solution for Activity 2 (Try Me):
The cost of cupcakes can be presented by the piecewise function.
Let P = number of pieces of cupcakes
C = the price of cupcake
15𝐶 , 𝑖𝑓 0 < 𝐶 ≤ 100

P(C) = {13.50𝐶 , 𝑖𝑓 100 < 𝐶 ≤ 150
10𝐶 , 𝑖𝑓 𝐶 > 150
• Example 3. A user is charge P300 monthly for a particular mobile plan,
which includes 100 free text messages. Messages in excess of 100 are
charged P1 each. Represent the monthly cost for text messaging using the
function t(m), where m is the number of messages sent monthly.
f. What’s More
Activity 2. Provide Me What I Ask
Direction:
1. Is the relation { (0,0), (1,1), (2, 4), (3, 9), …. (n, n²)…}?

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2. Given the domain of 𝑦 = √2 − 𝑥 using set builder notation.
3. A person is earning P600 per day to do a certain job. Express the total salary S as a
function of the number n of days that the person work.
4. Square of side x are cut from each corner of 8 in x 5 in in rectangle (see figure), so
that its sides can be folded to make a box with no top. Define a function in terms of
x that can represent the volume of this box.
8in
5 in
5. You are a crew at 7/11 Convenience store that pays an hourly wage P30.00 and 1.5
times the hours wage for the extra hours if you work for more than 40 hours a week.
Write a piecewise function that gives the weekly pay P in term of the number of
hours h your work.
C. Reflection
What I Have Learned

1. Relation is a rule that relates values from a set of values (called the domain) to a
second set of values (called the range).

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2. Function is a relation where each element in the domain is related to only one
value in the range by some rule.
3. Relations and functions can be presented by the following:
a. Ordered pair
b. Table of values
c. Mapping
d. Graph
e. Equation
4. Domain is the set of all possible values that variable x can takes.
5. A graph represents a function if and only f each vertical line intersects the graph at
most once.
6. A linear function is a function of the form f(x) = ax + b, where a ≠ 0.
7. A quadratic function is a function of the form f(x) = ax²+ bx + c, where a ≠ 0.
8. A polynomial function of degree n is a function of the form f(x) =𝑎𝑛𝑥𝑛 + 𝑎𝑛−1𝑥𝑛−1 + 𝑎1𝑥 +
𝑎0; where n≠ 0:
9. A piecewise function is a function defined by multiple sub functions, where each
subfunction applies to a certain interval of the main function’s domain
What I Can Do
Activity 3. Apply Me
1. Cite a real-word example or scenario that can be expressed as a relation that is not
a function.
2. Cite a real-word scenario of a scenario that can be modeled by a linear function.
A videoke machine can be rented for P1,000.00 for three days, but on the fourth day
and onwards, an additional cost of ₱400 per day will be added to the rent. Represent the
cost of renting a videoke machine as a piecewise function of the number of days it is
rented and plot its graphs.
POST TEST
Directions: Multiple Choice. Choose the letter of the best answer. Write the chosen letter on
a separate sheet of paper.
1. Which of the following diagram represents a relation that is not a function?
A. One – to – one
B. One – to – many
C. Many – to – one
D. None of the above
2. Which of the following statements represents a function?
A. Students of their current age?
B. Countries to its capital?
C. A store to its merchandise
D. Teacher and student’s relationship

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3. A method of determining whether or not a graph represent a function is called the

___________________.
A. Diagonal Line test
B. Horizontal Line Test
C. Zigzag Line Test
D. Vertical Line Test
4. Which of the following letters will pass the vertical line test?
A. V
B. X
C. Y
D. Z
5. Which of the following relationship is Not a function?
6. The altitude of a plane is a function of the times since take off. What is the dependent
variable?
A. Time
B. Speed
C. Altitude
D. All of the above
7. Given the relation A = { (5,2, (7,4), (9,10), (x,5) }. Which of the following values for x will
make relation a function?
A. 7
B. 9
C. 4
D. 5
8. The simple interest (I) earn on .5,000 for one year is related to annual percentage (r).
What a function that models this situation?
A. f(x) = 5000x
B. f(x) = 5000 + x
C. f(x) = 5000x + 1
D. f(x) = 5000 – x
9. A computer shop charges 20 pesos per hour (or a fraction of an hour) for the first two
hours and an additional 10 pesos per hour for each succeeding hour. Represent your
computer rental fee using the function R(t) where tis the number of hours you spent on the
computer.
A. R(t) = 30t – 20

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B. R(t) = 30t -10

C. R(t) = 30t + 20
D. R(t) = 30 + 10
10. Joshua resides in a certain city, but he starts a new job in the neighboring city. Every
Monday, he drives his new car 90 kilometers from his residence to the office and spends the
week in a company apartment. He drives back home every Friday. After 4 weeks of this
routinary activity, his car’s odometer shows that he has travelled 870 kilometers since he
bought the car. Write a linear model which give the distance y covered by the car as a
function of x number of weeks since he used the car.
A. y = 180x + 150
B. y = 90x + 510
C. y = 180x + 510
D. y = 90x + 150
11. The perimeter of a rectangle is 28 cm. Which of the following express the area of the
rectangle in terms of the width x?
A. 28x - x²
B. 18x - x²
C. 14x - x²
D. 7x - x²
12. Contaminated water is subject to a cleaning process. The concentration of pollutant is
initially 10 mg per liter of water. If the cleaning process can reduce the pollutant by 5%
each hour, define a function that can represent the concentration of pollutants in the water
in terms of the number of hours that the cleaning process has taken place.
A. 10 + (0.95).. mg/l
B. 10 + (0.5).. mg/l
C. 10(0.5).. mg/l
D. 10(0.95).. mg/l

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D. References for learners

Bernabe, Julieta G. 2006 Advanced Algebra, Trigonometry and Statistics
Textbook, SD Publication Inc., Philippines
Department of Education-Bureau of Learning Resources (DEPED-BLR) (2016)
General Mathematics Leaning Materials, Lexicon Press Inc., Philippines.
Department of Education-Bureau of Learning Resources (DepEd BLR) (2016)
General Mathematics Teacher’s Guide. Lexicon Press Inc., Philippines
Department of Education (2013), Mathematics Learner’s Module, Book Media
Press, Inc., Philippines
Oronce, Orlando A. 2016. General Mathematics, Rex Printing Company Inc.,
Philippines

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LEARNING ACTIVITY SHEET TEMPLATE

Background Information for Learners

A. Learning Competency with code

Address: Provincial Sports Complex, Bolbok, 4200 Batangas City

CRN 44 100 18 93 0045

Function is said to be the central idea in the study of mathematics. In many

After going through this activity, you are expected to:

Address: Provincial Sports Complex, Bolbok, 4200 Batangas City

CRN 44 100 18 93 0045

D. All of the above

B. R(t) = 30t -10

Address: Provincial Sports Complex, Bolbok, 4200 Batangas City

CRN 44 100 18 93 0045

12. Contaminated water is subject to a cleaning process. The concentration of

A. {35𝑛 ,𝑖𝑓 0 <𝑛 ≤1032𝑛 ,𝑖𝑓 𝑛 >10

B. {35𝑛 ,𝑖𝑓 0 >𝑛 ≥1032𝑛 ,𝑖𝑓 𝑛 >10

C. {35𝑛 ,𝑖𝑓 0 <𝑛 ≤1032𝑛 ,𝑖𝑓 𝑛 <10

D. {35𝑛 ,𝑖𝑓 0 >𝑛 ≥1032𝑛 ,𝑖𝑓 𝑛 <10

Address: Provincial Sports Complex, Bolbok, 4200 Batangas City

CRN 44 100 18 93 0045

A. {500𝑛 ,𝑖𝑓 0 <𝑛 ≤10400𝑛 ,𝑖𝑓 10 <𝑛 ≤25350𝑛 ,𝑖𝑓 𝑛>35

B. {500𝑛 ,𝑖𝑓 0 <𝑛 ≤10400𝑛 ,𝑖𝑓 10 <𝑛 ≤25350𝑛 ,𝑖𝑓 𝑛=25

C. {500𝑛 ,𝑖𝑓 0 <𝑛 ≤10400𝑛 ,𝑖𝑓 10 >𝑛 ≥25350𝑛 ,𝑖𝑓 𝑛>25

D. {500𝑛 ,𝑖𝑓 0 >𝑛 ≥10400𝑛 ,𝑖𝑓 10 >𝑛 ≥25350𝑛 ,𝑖𝑓 𝑛<25

Activity 1. DO YOU KNOW ME?

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Let us recall the definition of relation and function.

A function is a relation where each

Address: Provincial Sports Complex, Bolbok, 4200 Batangas City

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𝑥2 + 𝑦2 − 6 = 0 write the original equation

𝑥2 + 𝑦2 = 6 add 6 to both sides

2, there are values of y, for example, if x = 1, then y = ± . Hence, the

𝑥2 + 𝑦 = 5 write the original equation

𝑦 = 5 − 𝑥2 subtract 𝑥2 to both side

Vertical line test

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Thus, y is a function since the vertical line intersect x the

y Thus, y is not function of x, two values of y

correspond to an x-value. That the vertical line

In previous studies, a relation was defined as a

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A linear functionis a function of the form f(x) = ax + b, where a ≠ 0.

x + 2y = 100 write the original equation

2y = 100 – x subtract x on both side

A(x) = x(50 – 0.5x) use distributive property

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A piecewise function is a function defined by multiple sub functions, where each

Solution for Activity 2 (Try Me):

The cost of cupcakes can be presented by the piecewise function.

Let P = number of pieces of cupcakes

C = the price of cupcake

15𝐶 , 𝑖𝑓 0 < 𝐶 ≤ 100