MANONMANIAM SUNDARANAR UNIVERSITY, TIRUNELVEI

UG – COURSES – AFFILIATED COLLEGES

B.Sc. Chemistry
(Choice Based Credit System)
(with effect from the academic year 2020-21 onwards)

1. Objectives

 To impart theoretical and practical skills that underpins the various branches of the Science
of Chemistry
 To enable the students to have a thorough understanding and knowledge of different
branches of Chemistry
 To make the students to develop the ability to think analytically and solve problems.
 To facilitate the students of B.Sc Chemistry to join PG courses which in turn offer them job
opportunities and research pursuits.
 To apply the skills and knowledge gained through the subject to real life situations and face
competitive examinations with confidence at National level.
 To create an awareness to ecofriendly microscale experiments in practical courses.

2. Eligibility for Admission

The minimum eligibility conditions for admission to the B.Sc Chemistry program are
given below.
The candidates for admission into the first semester of the B.Sc Chemistry course will be
required to have qualified the Higher Secondary examination conducted by the Board of Higher
Secondary Education, Government of Tamil Nadu or any other Examinations accepted by the
syndicate of the Manonmaniam Sundaranar University as equivalent there to in Science subject.

3. Duration of the Course

The students shall undergo the prescribed course of study for a period of not less than
three academic years (Six semesters). The semester contains 90 working days.
 4. Scheme of the Course

MANONMANIAM SUNDARANAR UNIVERSITY, TIRUNELVEI

UG – COURSES – AFFILIATED COLLEGES
B.Sc. Chemistry
(Choice Based Credit System)
(with effect from the academic year 2020-21 onwards)

SE Part Sub. SUBJECT STATUS SUBJECT TITLE Contac L P Credit

M No t Hrs Hrs s
hrs/wk /wk /wk
I 17 Language Tamil/Other Languages 6 6 0 4
II 18 Language English 6 6 0 4
III 19 Core – Paper V Organic Chemistry – I 4 4 0 4

III 20 Major Practical III Inorganic Qualitative Analysis 2 0 2 2

III 21 Allied – II Allied Chemistry – I 4 4 0 3

III 22 Allied Practical II Allied Chemistry Practical- I 2 0 2 2
III III 23 Skilled Based-I Core Agro Chemistry/Food 4 4 0 4
Chemistry
IV 24 Non-Major Elective - Food Science /Water 2 2 0 2
I Management

IV 25 Common Yoga 2 2 0 2
SUBTOTAL 30+2 26+2 4 27

I 26 Language Tamil/Other Languages 6 6 0 4

II 27 Language English 6 6 0 4
III 28 Core – Paper VI Organic Chemistry – II 4 4 0 4
III 29 Major Practical IV Organic Preparation & 2 0 2 2
Physical Constant
Determination
III 30 Allied – II Allied Chemistry – II 4 4 0 3
IV III 31 Allied Practical II Allied Chemistry Practical- II 2 0 2 2
III 32 Skilled Based II Chemistry in medicine / 4 4 0 4
Core
Industrial Chemistry
IV 33 Non-Major Elective – Dairy Chemistry / Applied 2 2 0 2
II Chemistry
IV 34 Common Computers for Digital Era 2 2 0 2
V 35 Extension Activity NCC/NSS/YRC/YWF - - - 1
SUBTOTAL 30+2 26+2 4 28
 V III 36 Core – Paper VII Inorganic Chemistry- II 4 4 0 4

III 37 Core – Paper VIII Physical Chemistry – II 6 6 0 4

III 38 Core - Paper-IX Organic Chemistry – III 6 6 0 4

III 39 Major Elective-I Polymer Chemistry / Bio 4 4 0 4

Inorganic Chemistry
III 40 Major Practical V Organic Analysis

8 0 8 4
III 41 Major Practical VI Gravimetric Estimation &
Inorganic Preparation

42 Skill Based Common Personality Development / 2 2 0 2

IV Effective Communication /
Youth Leadership
SUBTOTAL 30 22 08 22
III 43 Core Paper - X Inorganic Chemistry – III 5 5 0 4

III 44 Core Paper - XI Physical Chemistry – III 5 5 0 4

III 45 Core Paper - XII Organic Chemistry - IV 5 5 0 4

III 46 Major Elective-II Green Chemistry / Nano 4 4 0 4

VI Chemistry

III 47 Major Practical VII Physical Chemistry

4 0 4 2
Experiments
III 48 Major Project Major Project 07 07 7

SUBTOTAL 30 19 11 25
GRAND TOTAL 180+4 143 37 152
5. Elective Subject
One among the two given subjects will be selected.
6. Extension Program for the Department
Apart from the curriculum, to enrich the skill development of the students following
courses in their premises are conducted.
Effective Communication
Personality development
Youth development.
7. Internal Assessment
There is a separate passing minimum for the external and overall components.
Distribution of marks between External and Internal Assessment is
 For Theory 75 : 25
 For Practical 50 : 50
Pass minimum of 40% for external and overall components.
Internal Marks for Theory shall be allotted in the following
The average of the best two from three compulsory tests. 20 Marks
Each test is of one hour duration
Assignment 05 Marks
TOTAL 25 Marks

Distribution of marks between External and Internal Assessment

for skill based elective - 75 : 25
The average of the best two from three compulsory 20 Marks
tests. Each test is of one hour duration
Assignment 05 Marks
TOTAL 25 Marks
Internal Marks for Practical shall be allotted in the following manner
Experimental Work 25 Marks
Regularity 25 Marks
TOTAL 50 Marks
8. Grading System
The performance of the students is indicated by the seven point scale grading system as
per the UGC norms given below.

Grade Grade Point Percentage of Marks Performance

O 9.5 and above 95 – 100 Outstanding
E 8.5 and above 85 – 94 Excellent
D 7.5 and above 75 – 84 Distinction
A 6.0 and above 60 – 74 Very Good
B 5.0 and above 50 – 59 Good
C 4.0 and above 40 – 49 Average
RA 0 Upto 39 Re-Appear

The overall performance level of the candidates will be assessed by the following formulae :

Cumulative weighted average of marks =

 Marks x Credits 
 Credits

Cumulative weighted average Grade Points =

 Grade Point x Credits 
 Credits
9. Question Pattern
No. of
Section Type of Question Marks
Question
Objective Type Questions (Two
Part A 5 x 2 = 10 10 x 1 = 10
questions from each unit)
Internal Choice Questions (One
Part B 5x1=5 5 x 5 = 25
question from each unit)
Internal Choice Questions (One
Part C 5x1=5 5 x 8 = 40
question from each unit)
TOTAL 75 marks
 SEMESTER III PAPER- V
ORGANIC CHEMISTRY-I
L T P C
4 0 0 4
Objectives
 To learn the naming of organic compounds
 To understand the basic concepts of organic chemistry
 To study hydrocarbons, halogen compounds, alcohols and ethers
UNIT- I CLASSIFICATION AND NOMENCLATURE
Classification of organic compounds - based on the nature of carbon skeleton –
functional groups – classification of C and H atoms of organic compounds.(primary,
secondary, tertiary)

IUPAC system of nomenclature of common organic compounds (upto C-10) – alkanes,

alkenes, alkynes, cycloalkanes, bicycloalkanes with and without bridges and aromatic
compounds.

Naming of organic compounds with one functional group - halogen compounds, alcohols
, phenol, aldehydes, ketones, carboxylic acids and its derivatives, cyano compounds,
amines and nitro compounds (Both aliphatic and aromatic)

Naming of compounds with two functional groups - naming of compounds with more
than one carbon chain.

Naming of heterocyclic compounds containing one and two hetero atoms present in five
and six membered rings. Structural isomerism – types with examples.
Arriving the structural formula from IUPAC name.

UNIT-II FUNDAMENTAL CONCEPTS

Hybridisation and geometry - Electronic effects - inductive effect, resonance
effect – resonance structures–conditions for resonance –stability of resonance structures,
hyper conjugation ,electromeric effect. Steric effect – steric overcrowding – steric
inhibition– steric relief( with examples).
 Dissociation of bonds – homolysis and heterolysis- radicals – carbocations – carbanions –
electrophiles and nucleophiles Influence of electronic effets - dipole moment – relative
strengths of acids and bases – stability of olefins – stability of radicals, carbocations and
carbanions
UNIT-III HYDROCARBONS
Addition to unsymmetrical olefins (Markownikoff’s rule and peroxide effect),
hydroboration, ozonolysis, dihydroxylation with KMnO4, allylic bromination by NBS
(mechanisms not required). Classification of alkadienes, stability of conjugate dienes-
Mechanism of 1, 2 and 1,4-addition- Diels-Alder reaction. Acidity of alkynes and
formation of metal acetylides

UNIT -IV HALOGEN DERIVATIVES

Type of reactions - substitution, addition, elimination and polymerisation
reactions -SN1 and SN2 mechanisms - E1 and E2 mechanisms- Hoffmann’s and Saytzeffs
rule-preparation, properties and uses of chloroform, carbon tetrachloride, vinyl chloride
and allyl chloride- preparation and uses of westron, westrosol, freon and chloroprene

UNIT-V ALCOHOLS & ETHERS

Distinction between primary, secondary and tertiary alcohols – nitroglycerol,
dynamite- estimation of hydroxyl groups- mechanism of dehydration of alcohols-
preparation and properties of allyl alcohol Preparation and uses of oxirane and dioxan –
Estimation of number of methoxy groups-Zeisel’s method -Distinction between ethers
and alcohols.
Reference Books :
1. K. S. Tewari and N. K. Vishnoi, A Text Book of Organic Chemistry, Vikas
Publishing House Pvt Ltd.
2. Arun Bahl and B.S. Bahl, Advanced Organic Chemistry, S. Chand and Sons.
3. M.K. Jain and S. C. Sharma, Modern Organic Chemistry, Visal Publishing Co.
4. N. Tewari, Advanced Organic Reaction Mechanism, Third Edition 2011, Books &
Allied (P) Ltd.
5. I. L. Finar, Organic Chemistry Volume I, ELBS, Longmans
6. Organic Chemistry – Bhupinder Mehta and Manju Mehta - PHI Learning Pvt Ltd
 SEMESTER III- PAPER V
Organic Chemistry- I

MODEL QUESTION PAPERs

Part A

Answer all questions – 10 x1 = 10 marks

1. Which of the following is named as alkanal ?

a) alcohol b) aldehyde c) ketone d) carboxylic acid

2. The IUPAC name of H2C=CHCH2CH2(CH3)2

a) 3-Methyl-4-pentene b) 4- Methyl-4-pentene c) 4- Methyl-1-pentene d) 4- Methyl-3-

pentene

3. The nucleophilic reagent among the following is

a) SO3 b)AlCl3 c)BF3 d) NH3

4. The hybridisation of carbon atom in carbanions is

a)sp b)sp2 c)sp3 d)dsp2

5. The most stable alkadiene is

a) 1,2-butadiene b)1,3-butadiene c)1,2-propadiene d)1,4-pentadienes

6. Ozonolysis of an alkene gives only acetaldehyde. The alkene is

a) 1-butene b) 2-butene c)1-propene d)1,3-butadiene

7. The least substituted alkene is the minor product in dehydrohalogenation of alkyl halides
according to
a) Hofmann’s rule b) Saytzeff rule c) Markovnikov’s rule d) Van’t Hoff rule

8. Freon -12 is used as

a) antibiotic b) insecticide c) anesthetic d) refrigerant

9. The intermediate in the acid catalysed dehydration of alcohols is

a) carbonium ions b) carbanions c) free radicals d) carbenes

10. Ethylene glycol when heated with conc. H2SO4 gives

a) dioxane b) ethanol c) ethylene d) ethane

 Part B

Answer all questions – 5 x5 = 25 marks

11.a) Name the class of compounds to which the following compounds belong

a) H3CCH=CH2 b) H3CCH2OH c) HCOOH

or

b) Name the following alkyl groups

a) H3C- b) H3CCH2 c) (H3C)2CH-

12. a )Discuss homolytic fission and heterolytic fission with suitable examples

or

b) Explain how inductive effect explain the basicity of organic compounds

13. a) Explain Diel’s Alder reaction with two examples

or

b) Discuss the acidic nature of acetylides

14 . a) Write the preparation of vinyl and allyl chloride

or

b) Explain Saytzeff’s rule with suitable example

15.a) Explain the Zeisel’s method of estimation of the number of methoxy groups

or

b) Distinguish between ethers and alcohols

 Part C

Answer all questions – 5 x8 = 40 marks

16. a) Write the IUPAC names of the following compounds

a) H3CCH(OH)CH2CH3 b) H3CCOCH3 c) H2C=CHCH3 d) H3CCOOH

or

b) Write the structural formulae for the following compounds

a) 2-Ethylbutane b) 1,4-Pentadiene c) 2-Propanol d) Pentanal

17 . a) Explain substitution and polymerization reactions with one example each.

or

b) Give the structure and stability of carbocation.

18. a) Explain the mechanisms of 1,2 and 1,4 additions of 1,3-butadiene

or

b) Write notes on allylic bromination and hydroboration

19. a) Write the mechanisms of SN 1 and SN 2 reactions

or

b) Give the preparations of Westron, Freon and Chloroprene

20. a) Distinguish between primary , secondary and tertiary alcohols by any two methods

or

b) Write notes on nitroglycerol

 SEMESTER III

ALLIED CHEMISTRY – I

L T P C
4 0 0 3
Objective

 To learn about atomic structure and bonding.

 To learn the principles of reactions of organic compounds.
 To study about photochemical reactions.
 To learn about the importance of polymers and polymer science.
 To study about lubricants and some cosmetics in the modern world.
Unit I – Inorganic chemistry

Atomic structure : electronic configuration - Aufbau principle - Pauli's exclusion principle-

Hund's rule. Bonding : electrovalent, covalent, hydrogen bonds-orbital overlap - s-s, s-p.
Hybridization and VESPR theory - CH4, C2H4, C2H2- BeCl2, BF3, NH3, H2O, PCl5, IF5, IF7.

Unit II - Organic chemistry – Principles of reaction:

Heterolytic and homolytic cleavage - nucleophiles and electrophiles-reaction intermediates

– preparation and properties of carbonium ions, carbanions and free radicals -type of reactions -
substitution, addition, elimination and polymerisation reactions.

Unit III-Physical chemistry – Photochemistry

Definition-comparision between thermal and photochemical reactions-Laws of

photochemistry-Beer Lambert’s law-Grothus Draper law-Einstein’s law-Quantum yield-low and
high quantum yield-determination of quantum yield-fluorescence, phosphorescence,
thermoluminescence, chemiluminescence and bioluminescence-definition with examples-
photosensitisation.
Unit IV-Polymer Chemistry

Definition- Monomers, Oligomers and Polymers - Classification of polymers- natural, synthetic-

linear, cross linked and network- plastics, elastomers, fibres- homopolymers and co-polymers

Thermoplastics: polyethylene, polypropylene, polystyrene, polyacrylonitrile, poly vinyl

chloride, nylon and polyester - Thermosetting Plastics : phenol formaldehyde and epoxide resin-
Elastomers: natural rubber and synthetic rubber - Buna - N, Buna-S and neoprene.
Unit V-Applied Chemistry

Lubricants-classification-criteria of good lubricating oils-synthetic lubricating oils-poly

glycols and poly alkene oxides-greases or semi solid lubricants-examples-solid lubricants-
graphite

Prepration and uses of shampoo, nail polish, sun screens, tooth powder, tooth paste, boot polish,
moth ball and chalk piece.

Reference Books
1. B. R. Puri, L. R. Sharma and K. C. Kalia, Principles of Inorganic Chemistry

2. P. L. Soni, Text Book of Inorganic Chemistry

3. K. S. Tewari and N. K. Vishnoi, A Text Book of Organic Chemistry.
4. Arun Bahl and B.S. Bahl, Advanced Organic Chemistry, S. Chand and Sons.
5. M.K. Jain and S. C. Sharma, Modern Organic Chemistry

6. K.K.Rohatgi Mukherjee, Fundamentals of photochemistry , Wiley Eastern Ltd.

7. B.R. Puri and L.R. Sharma, Principles of Physical Chemistry, Chand & Co.
8. Malcom P. Stevens, Polymer Chemistry – An Introduction

9. V.R. Gowariker, Polymer Science, Wiley Eastern, 1995.

10. Sawyer.W, Experimental cosmetics, Dover publishers, New york, 2000.
 MODEL QUESTION PAPER

ALLIED CHEMISTRY-I

Part A 10 x1 = 10 marks

Answer all questions

1. The Shape of NH3 molecule is

a) Pyramidal b) Tetrahedral c) Bent Shaped d) V-Shaped

2. Maximum electrons present in “s” orbital is

(a) 3 (b) 2 (c) 6 (d) 1.

3. ------- is an electrophile.

a) Br2 b) H2O c) NH3 d) BF3

4. Free radicals are species with

a) –ve Charge b) +ve Charge c) odd electron d) neutral

5. Photo Chemical reactions takes place in presence of ---------------

a) heat b) light c) dark d) none

6. The intensity of light ------------- with increase in concentration of the solution

a) increases b) decreases c) both increase and decrease d) none

7. Nylon 6, 6 is a -----------------

a) Copolymer b) homopolymer c) Monomer d) Condensation Polymer

8. Bakelite is a

a) Phenolic resin b) Elastomer c) Plastic d) Homopolymer

9. To improve the quality of Lubricants ---------- are added

a) additives b) oil c) Wax d) Solids

10. Shampoo contain -----------

a) Soap b) Sodium lauryl sulphate c) Dye d) Perfume.

 Part – B (5 x 5 = 25)

11. a) Explain sp3d hybridization with an example

(Or)

b) Write notes on hydrogen bonding.

12. a) Explain electrophiles and nucleophiles

(Or)

b) Explain carbonium ion and carbanion

13. a) State and explain Stark-Einsteins law of photo chemical equivalence

(Or)

b) Write a short note on (i) fluorescence (ii) Bioluminescence

14. a) What are polymers? Give its classification

(Or)

b) How will you prepare the following polymers? (i) Nylon 6,6 (ii) Nylon 6

15. a) Give the criteria of good lubricating oil

(Or)

b) Explain the preparation of the following products (i) Nail Polish (ii) Tooth Paste

Part – C (5 x 8 = 40)

16. a) Explain VSEPR theory

(Or)

b) Explain sp3d and sp3d2 hybridization with an example

17. a)What is substitution reaction? Explain the types of substitution reactions

(Or)

b)Explain addition reactions.

18. a) What is photo sensitization? Explain in what way Chlorophyll acts as a photo sensitizer.

(Or)
 b) Give the difference between fluorescence and phosphorescence

19. a) Write a short note on phenol formaldehyde resins.

(Or)

b) What are Elastomers? Mention any two elastomers, its preparation and uses.

20. a) How will you increase the performance of Good lubricating oil? Mention the additives and
its function

(Or)

b) Explain the types of Greases.

 SEMESTER - III
SKILL BASED COURSE - AGROCHEMISTRY
L T P C
4 0 0 4
Objectives
 To learn about fertilizers and pesticides
 To study the origin, characterisation and testing of soils
UNIT – I
Fertilizers : Classification, macronutrients -role of nitrogen, potassium and
phosphorus on plant growth – manufacture of urea, muriate potash and triple
superphosphate. Complex fertilizers, mixed fertilizers & biofertilizers – their
composition. Micronutrients – their role in plants. Manures : Bulky organic manures –
Farm yard manure - oil cakes - blood meal – fish manures - Composting process –
handling and storage
UNIT – II
Pesticides : Definition - Classification of Pesticides based on the use and
chemical composition – examples - general methods of application – Benefits of
pesticides - Potential hazards. Safety measures -first aid. Insecticides : Plant products
– Nicotine, pyrethrin – Inorganic pesticides – borates. Organic pesticides – D.D.T. and
BHC. Fungicide : Sulphur compounds, Copper compounds, Bordeaux mixture.
Herbicides : Acaricides – Rodenticides. Attractants – Repellants.
UNIT –III
Soil: Origin of soil - definition of soil - rock system - weathering of rocks and
minerals- main components of soil - organic, inorganic constituents - soil formation -
factors favouring soil formation.
UNIT –IV
Characteristics of soil: Physical aspects - soil texture - pore space - bulk density,
particle density - soil colour - surface area - soil colloids - plasticity, shrinkage -
flocculation and deflocculation,soil air, soil temperature and their importance in plant
growth. Acid, alkaline and saline soils – diagnosis - Methods of reclamation and after
care
UNIT –V
Soil testing: concept and objectives – soil sampling , tools, collection, processing,
dispatch of soil sample. Estimation of total organic compound, available nitrogen and
phosphorus in the soil sample. Determination of pH, EC, moisture content, bulk density
and particle density of the soil sample.

Reference books:
1. A text book of Soil Science – Daji.A, Asia Publishing House, Madras 1970.
2. Textbook of soil Chemical Analysis – Hesse,P.R.A John Murray Newyork,1971
3. Textbook of Soil Science - Biswas,T.D and Mukherjee,S.K.Second edition, Tata
McGraw-Hill Education
4. Chemistry for Agriculture and Ecology-Y.Mido M.Satake, Discovery Publishing
House.
5. Soil Fertility & Fertilisers – Samuel L.Tisdale,Werner L.Nelson, James D.Beaton,
John L.
Havlin. Fifth edition, Macmillan
6. Nature and properties of soils-Harry, O Buckman N Yle C. Brandy, Macmillan
7. Insecticides, Pesticides and Agro based Industries – R.C.Paliwal, K.Goel, R.K.Gupta,
Small Business Publications
 MODEL QUESTION PAPER

Semester III
Skill Based Course
AGROCHEMISTRY

Time: Three hours Maximum : 75 marks

Part A - (10 x 1 = 10 marks)

Answer ALL questions
Choose the Correct Answer

1. ------ is a micro nutrient

a) Nitrogen b) Phosphorus c) Potassium d) Manganese

2. KCl is commercially known as

a) Nitro Chalk b) Salt Petre c) Nitrolim d) Muriate of potash

3. DEET is a

a) mosquito repellent b) mosquito attractant c) bio pesticide d) fungicide

4. Pyrithrine is a ---------------- pesticide

a) Organic b) Inorganic c) Bio d) None of these

5. The volcanic rock is

a) Limestone b) Granite c) Marble d) Sandstone

6. Humus is present in -------------

a) A-Horizon b) B-Horizon c) C-Horizon d) None

7. Organic matter imparts ----------- colour of the soil

a) red b) yellow c) black d) white

8. Which one is dominating salt in alkali

a) CaCl2 b) MgSO4 c) NaHCO3 d) Na2CO3

9. The calcareousness in the field can be identified with

a) dil.HCl b) dil. NaOH c) dil. KOH d) dil. Ca(OH)2

10. Vertical section of soil is known as

a) Horizons b) Solum c) Profile d) None

Part B 5 x 5 = 25 marks
Answer all questions
11. a)Give a brief account of bio fertilizers.

(Or)

b) Explain the following terms with suitable example (i) Oil cake (ii) blood meal

12. a) What are insect attractants and repellents ?

(Or)

b) What are the general methods of application of pesticides?

13. a)Write an essay on chemical weathering

(Or)

b) Write a short note on formation of metamorphic rocks

14. a)Describe the kinds of soil acidity

(Or)

b) List out the reasons for poor aeration in soils.

15. a)List out Do’s and Don’ts of soil sampling.

(Or)

b)Write a short not on sample collection in a soil profile.

Part B 5 x 8 = 40 marks
Answer all questions
16. a)What are manures? How are they classified? Give example for each.

(Or)

b)Describe the manufacture of (i) Urea (ii) Super Phosphate

17. a)How will you prepare the following? (i) Bordeaux Mixture (ii) 2,4 Dinitro-o-Cresol.

(Or)
 b).Explain the various methods of application of pesticides.

18. a)Write a detailed essay on the formation of Igneous rocks with suitable examples.

(Or)

b)Discuss the soil forming minerals and give its classification.

19. a)Discuss the importance of soil air in relation to plant growth.

(Or)

b)Differentiate bulk density and particle density. What are the factors affecting bulk
density of soils.

20. a)Discuss the modern approaches in soil fertility

(Or)

b)How will you interpret the soil test values for fertilizer recommendations
 SEMESTER III
SKILL BASED COURSE - FOOD CHEMISTRY
L T P C
4 0 0 4
Objectives:
 To acquire the basic knowledge of food chemistry
UNIT - I CONSTITUTION OF FOOD
Food - definition - classification of food - energy requirements of individuals - source,
classification and function of carbohydrates, proteins, lipids, vitamins and minerals - calorific
values of food - rice, wheat, milk, fish, vegetables, fruits and cereals.
UNIT - II FOOD ADDITIVES AND PRESERVATIVES
Food additives: Definition - permitted food additives, characteristics and their role:
antioxidants, stabilizers, flavours, sweeteners, emulsifiers, thickeners, food colourants.
Preservatives: Definition – methods of food preservation - heat, cold, deep-freezing,
radiation.
UNIT - III FOOD ADULTERATIONS
Definition - adulterant, adulteration - types of adulterants - common adulterants and their
determination in milk, oils, ghee, honey, chilly powder, coriander powder, turmeric powder,
coffee powder, tea dust, asafoetida - food poisoning and its prevention – Prevention of Food
Adulteration Act- food laboratories and their functions.
UNIT - IV QUALITY STANDARDS
Quality control - specification and standards - FA, FDA, WHO standards - ISI
specifications, packing and labeling of foods - Essential Commodities Act, Consumer Protection
Act - AGMARK.

UNIT - V LABORATORY WORK

1. Determination of fat, protein and carbohydrate in food stuff.
2. Analysis of fats and oils - iodine value, acid value and RM value.
3. Estimation of glucose by Bertranel method
4. Analysis of starch in foods
5. Isolation of casein from milk
 Reference books:
1. Sivasankar B, Food Processing and Preservation, Prentice Hall of India Pvt. Ltd, New Delhi,
2002.
2. Swaminathan M. Textbook on Food Chemistry, Printing and Publishing Co, Ltd, Bangalore
1993.
3. N. S. Gnanaprakasam, G. Ramamurthy, Organic Chemistry, Lab Manual, S. Viswanathan
Printers and Publishers Ltd.
4. Food Science – III Edition – B. Sri Lakshmi, New Age International Publisher, 2005.
5. Fundamentals of Foods and Nutrition – Mudambi. R. Sumathi, and Rajagopal, M.V. Willey
Eastern Ltd, Madras.
 MODEL QUESTION PAPER

Semester III
Skill based course
FOOD CHEMISTRY
Time: Three hours Maximum : 75 marks

Part A - (10 x 1 = 10 marks)

Answer ALL questions
Choose the Correct Answer

1. Which one is table sugar among the following?

a) glucose b) sucrose c) fructose d) lactose

2. Which protein is present in nail and hair?

a) casein b) carotene c) keratin d) albumin

3. Pick out the acid food additive from the following

a) glycerol b) picric acid c) sodium acetate d) citric acid

4. What is the expansion of ISI?

a) Indian Standard Institution b) International Standard Institution

c) International Sampling Institution d) None of these

5. The coffee powder is normally adulterated by adding

a) chicory b) brick powder c) lead chromate d) crushed rock

6. The solution of Iodine with starch produces.

a) red colour b) blue colour c) white colour d) no colour

7. In which situation, the consumer can protect or ban the products?

a) the test report of the products meet with specification
b) when the product affects the human health
c) the label of the products is very attractive
d) none of these

8. Which one is not a quality standard?

a) FA b) WHO c) ISI d) ICMR

9. In the iodine value measurement, the solution was titrated against

a) Na2S2O3 b) NaOH c) KMnO4 d) ferrous ammonium sulphate

10. In the estimation of glucose by Bertranel method, red precipitate is due to formation of
a) cuprous oxide b) cupric oxide c) copper sulphate d) KI
 Part B - (5 x 5 = 25 marks)

Answer all the questions, choosing either (a) or (b)

11. a) Define food. Give an account of classification of foods with examples according to
nutritional point of view.
(OR)
b) Explain the types and functions of vitamins.

12. a) Define antioxidants. Mention its role in the food.

(OR)
b) Discuss the role of natural and artificial food colorants.

13. a) How is cow milk adulterated? How will you detect it?
(OR)
b) Discuss the food laboratories and their functions.

14. a) What is the expansion of WHO. Explain about it.

(OR)
b) Describe briefly about AGMARK.

15. a) How will you determine the fat and protein content in food stuffs?
(OR)
b) Explain the procedure for the analysis of starch in foods.

Part C - (5 x 8 = 40 marks)

Answer all the questions choosing either (a) or (b)

16. a) Describe the necessity of minerals and lipids as nutrients for the human health?
(OR)
b) Explain the sources and functions of the following
a) carbohydrates b) proteins

17. a) What are preservatives? Describe the method of preservation of food by heat, cold and
deep freezing.
(OR)
b) Define food additives. Explain the role of the following food additives.
i) emulsifiers ii) flavours iii) stabilizers

18. a) What are the common food adulterants in edible oil and turmeric powder? Explain one
method of detecting these adulterants.
(OR)
b) Explain briefly on natural food poisons with suitable illustrations.
19. a) Explain consumer protection act.
(OR)
b) What is meant by commodities act? Illustrate with suitable example the essential
commodities act.

20. a) Discuss the principle and procedure for the estimation of glucose by Bertrands method.
(OR)
b) Describe the principle and methods of determination of iodine value and acid value of oil.
 SEMESTER III NON-MAJOR ELECTIVE
FOOD SCIENCE
L T P C
2 0 0 2
Objectives:
 To acquire the basic knowledge of food science

UNIT – I INTRODUCTION
Food : sources and classification – food as a source of energy - functions and biological
importance of carbohydrates, protein, fat, vitamins and minerals - calorific value of food –
energy requirements of individuals - balanced diet.
UNIT - II FOOD ADDITIVES
Definition, food colourants : natural and artificial - antioxidants, stabilizers, flavours,
bleaching and maturing agents – leavening agents.
UNIT - III FOOD PRESERVATIVES
Definition - classification - methods of food preservation and processing by heat, cold,
radiation, drying and deep freezing.
UNIT - IV FOOD ADULTERATION
Definition – types – detection and analysis of adulterants in foods: milk, chilli powder,
coffee powder, turmeric powder, ghee, oil and pulses.
UNIT -V QUALITY STANDARDS
Quality control - specification and standards - FA, WHO standards – packing and
labeling of foods, Essential Commodities Act - Consumer Protection Act - AGMARK.

Reference books:
1. Sivasankar B, Food Processing and Preservation, Prentice Hall of India Pvt. Ltd, New Delhi,
2002.
2. Swaminathan M. Textbook on Food Chemistry, Printing and Publishing Co, Ltd, Bangalore
1993.
3. Food Science – III Edition – Sri Lakshmi B, New Age International Publisher, 2005.
4. Fundamentals of Foods and Nutrition – Mudambi. R. Sumathi, and Rajagopal, M.V. - Willey
Eastern Ltd, Madras.
 MODEL QUESTION PAPER

Semester III
Non-Major elective

FOOD SCIENCE
Time: Three hours Maximum : 75 marks

Part A - (10 x 1 = 10 marks)

Answer ALL questions
Choose the Correct Answer

1. Which vitamins is high in milk?

a) A b) D c) K d) B

2. Food rich in proteins are called

a) energy yielding foods b) protective foods
c) body building foods d) none of these

3. Which one is not a stabilizer?

a) agar-agar b) starch c) glycerol d) polysaccharides

4. Pick out the leavening agent

a) starch b) glucose c) yeast d) none of these

5. Which one of the following act as a preservative ?

a) acetic acid b) cellulose c) glycerol d) starch

6. The function of preservative is

a) increase the growth of pathogenic organism
b) inhibits the growth of pathogenic organism
c) (a) and (b)
d) none of these

7. Which vitamin is high in fruits?

a) C b) A c) D d) B

8. The capacity of food to supply the heat is called

a) calorific value b) nutritive value c) biological value d) none of these

9. The chilli powder is normally adulterated by adding --------- powder.

 a) husks b) crushed rock c) brick d) wheat

10. Goat meat is generally adulterated with

a) Pig meat b) Rabbit meat c) Fish meat d) Cow meat

Part B - (5 x 5 = 25 marks)
Answer all the questions, choosing either (a) or (b)

11. a) Define food. Explain food as a source of energy.

(OR)
b) What are minerals? Explain the functions of minerals.

12. a) Discuss the energy requirements of individuals.

(OR)
b) Discuss the nutritional value of carbohydrates and proteins.

13. a) Define food additives. What are the role of stabilizers and flavors in food ?
(OR)
b) What is antioxidant? Mention its role in the food.

14. a) Define and explain preservatives with examples.

(OR)
b) Discuss the preservation of food by deep-freezing method.

15. a) What is Adulteration? Explain the types of adulterants with examples.

(OR)
b) How is cow milk adulterated? Explain.
 Part C - (5 x 8 = 40 marks)

Answer all the questions choosing either (a) or (b)

16. a) Explain the classification of food with examples.

(OR)
b) Explain the functions and biological importance of proteins and lipids.

17. a) What is calorific value of food? Explain the energy values of milk, cereals, egg and fish.
(OR)
b) Explain briefly the importance of balanced diet?

18. a) Define food colourants. Mention the role of natural and artificial food colorants in food.
(OR)
b) Explain the following
i) bleaching agent ii) maturing agent
iii) leavening agent

19. a) Explain the method of food preservation by low temperature and high temperature
method.
(OR)
b) Discuss the preservation and processing of food by drying and radiation.

20. a) What are the adulterants used in edible oil and ghee ? How are they detected ?
(OR)
b) What are the adulterants in Turmeric powder and Chilli powder? How will you detect
them?
 SEMESTER III
NON-MAJOR ELECTIVE WATER MANAGEMENT
L T P C
2 0 0 2
Objectives:
 To realize the importance of quality water in day to day life
UNIT I - WATER POLLUTION
Definition-sources of water pollution-types of water pollutants: sewage and domestic wastes,
industrial effluents, agricultural discharges, detergents, disease causing agents and radioactive
materials. Eutrophication and its effects.
UNIT II - WATER QUALITY PARAMETERS
Physical, chemical and biological water quality parameters-water quality standards for drinking
water –BIS and WHO. Determination of pH, Total hardness, DO, BOD and COD.
UNIT III - WATER PURIFICATION
Purification of water for drinking purposes: Sedimentation, filtration and disinfection-
Desalination: reverse osmosis-Purification of water for industrial purposes: water softening-
permutit process and ion-exchange process.
UNIT IV - WASTE WATER TREATMENT
Elementary ideas of waste water treatment: pre-treatment-primary treatment-secondary
treatment: aerobic and anaerobic processes –tertiary treatment: evaporation adsorption –chemical
precipitation.
UNIT V - RESTORATION AND MANAGEMENT
Importance of lakes and rivers-stresses on the Indian rivers and their effects –A restoration case
study: Ganga Action Plan: objectives implementation and drawbacks. Rain water harvesting –
water recycling- The water Prevention and control of Pollution Act 1974.

Reference books :
1. A. K. De, Environmental Chemistry, Wiley Eastern Ltd., New Delhi.
2. B. K. Sharma, Environmental Chemistry, Goel Publishing House, Meerut.
3. R. K. Trivedy and P. K. Goel, Chemical and biological methods for water pollution
studies, Environmental Publications, Karad, India.
4. BIS 1991, Specification for drinking water, Bureau of Indian Standards, New Delhi
5. WHO 1992, International standards for drinking water, World Health Organisation, Gene
 MODEL QUESTION PAPER

Semester III
Non-Major elective

WATER MANAGEMENT
Time: Three hours Maximum : 75 marks

Part A - (10 x 1 = 10 marks)

Answer ALL questions
Choose the Correct Answer

1. Enrichment of water bodies by nutrients is

a) sedimentation b) coagulation c) eutrophication d) adsorption

2. Excess of fluorine in drinking water causes

a) fluorosis b) anemia c) kidney damage d) hypertension

3. The dissolved oxygen content in water is normally expressed in

a) ppb b) ppm c) mg/cc d) g/lit

4. The range of pH for drinking water as prescribed by WHO is

a) 6-8 b) 6.5-7.5 c) 7-8.5 d) 7.5-8.5

5. Reverse osmosis is done using

a) activated charcoal b) semipermeable membrane
c) ion exchange resin d) trickling filter

6. Disinfection in drinking water is carried out by using

a) chlorine b) ozone c) UV rays d) all of these

7. Activated charcoal is used in the removal of

a) pesticides b) bacteria c) oils &grease d) none of these

8. Floating solids in waste water are removed during

a) preliminary process b) primary process c) secondary process d)tertiary process

9. Indian rivers are mostly polluted by

a) domestic & municipal sewage b) industrial effluents
c) agricultural run-off d) all of these

10. Pick out the west flowing river from the following
a) Ganga b) Yamuna c) Narmatha d) Cauvery
 Part B - (5 x 5 = 25 marks)
Answer all the questions, choosing either (a) or (b)

11. a) Give a brief account on disease causing agents and their effects
(OR).
Write a note on radioactive water pollutants

12. a) What are water quality parameters? List any four of them.
(OR)
b) How will you determine the DO content of water sample?

13. a) Write a short note on reverse osmosis.

(OR)
b) “Hard water is unsuitable for industrial purposes”. Justify

14. a) Write a brief note on coagulation of impurities present in water.

(OR)
b) Give an account of neutralization processes in the treatment of waste water.

15. a) Explain the water prevention and control of pollution Act, 1974
(OR)
b) Write briefly on rain water harvesting

Part C - (5 x 8 = 40 marks)
Answer all the questions choosing either (a) or (b)

16. a) Define water pollution and write on any three sources of water pollution.
(OR)
b) What is eutrophication? Give its effects and suggest any three steps to control it.

17. a) How will you estimate the total hardness of water?

(OR)
b) Describe water quality standards prescribed by WHO.

18. a) Explain the various steps involved the purification of water for domestic purposes.
(OR)
b) Describe any two methods of softening hard water.

19. a) Discuss the adsorption and chemical precipitation methods involved in the treatment of
Waste water.
(OR)
b) Write notes on i. trickling filters & ii. anaerobic digestion

20. a) Discuss the importance of lakes and rivers.

(OR)
b) What are the stresses on the Indian lakes and rivers? Explain their effect.
 MAJOR PRACTICAL PAPER III
(III SEMESTER)
INORGANIC QUALITATIVE ANALYSIS
L T P C
0 0 2 2
Objectives
 To enable the students to understand various procedures in salt analysis.
 To create an awareness on ecofriendly approach in salt analysis
Qualitative analysis of inorganic salt mixtures containing two acidic radicals (one should be an
interfering radical) and two basic radicals
.Acidic radicals
Simple acidic radicals:
Carbonate, Nitrate, Sulphate and Chloride
Interfering acidic radicals:
Borate, Fluoride, Oxalate and Phosphate.
1. Basic radicals
Group I : Lead
Group II : Copper, Cadmium, Bismuth.
Group IV : Cobalt, Nickel, Manganese
Group V : Barium, Strontium
Group VI : Magnesium, Ammonium.
Internal – 50 marks
25 marks - Regularity
25 marks – Average of best four salt mixtures in regular class work
External -50 marks
10 marks – Record (atleast 4 salt mixtures)*
40 marks – Analysis (10 marks for each radical)
*Experiments done in the class alone should be recorded
(Students having a bonafide record only should be permitted to appear for the practical
examination)
Reference books:
1. V.V. Ramanujam, Inorganic Semi Micro Qualitative Analysis, 3rd edition, The National
Publishing Company, Chennai, 1974.
2. Vogel’s Text Book of Inorganic Qualitative Analysis, 4th edition, ELBS, London, 1974.
 Allied Chemistry Practical I

Inorganic Quantitative Analysis

L T P C
0 0 2 2
Objective:
 To enable the students to acquire the quantitative skills in volumetric analysis.
Acidimetry and alkalimetry

1. Estimation of oxalic acid – Std. oxalic acid

2. Estimation of Na2CO3 – Std. Na2CO3
3. Estimation of hydrochloric acid – Std. oxalic acid
Permanganometry

4. Estimation of ferrous ammonium sulphate – Std. ferrous ammonium sulphate

5. Estimation of oxalic acid – Std. oxalic acid
6. Estimation of ferrous sulphate – Std. oxalic acid

Complexometry
7. Estimation of Zn – Std. ZnSO4
8. Estimation of Mg – Std. ZnSO4
Internal –50 marks
25 marks - Regularity
25 marks – Average of best six estimations in regular class work
External -50 marks
10 marks – Record (atleast six volumetric estimations)*
10 marks – Procedure
30 marks – Result
*Experiments done in the class alone should be recorded
(Students having a bonafide record only should be permitted to appear for the practical
examination)
 SEMESTER – IV PAPER-VI
ORGANIC CHEMISTRY- II
L T P C
4 0 0 4
Objectives
 To learn about carbonyl compounds
 To understand the impotance of active methylene, organometallic and organosulphur
compounds
 To study alicyclic compounds and tautomerism

UNIT - I ALDEHYDES AND KETONES

Structure and reactivity of carbonyl group – relative reactivities of aldehydes and
ketones – mechanism of nucleophilic addition reaction (HCN, NaHSO 3, Grignard
reagent) –mechanism of aldol condensation, crossed aldol condensation,
Knoevenagal reaction. Study of the following reactions – Wolff-Kishner reduction,
Wittig reaction, Meerwein Ponndorf Verley reduction. Preparation, properties and uses of
chloral, acrolein, crotonaldehydeand succinaldehyde.
UNIT-II CARBOXYLIC ACIDS & ACID DERIVATIVES
Structure of carboxylic acid and carboxylate anion – relative strengths of
monocarboxylic acids – effect of substituents on acidity – Hell – Volhard – Zelinsky
reaction- action of heat on hydroxy acids- preparation, properties and uses of lactic acid
and citric acid–dicarboxylic acids: action of heat on dicarboxylic acids - preparation,
properties and uses of oxalic acid and succinic acid Acid anhydrides – Amides –
Preparation, properties and structure of urea –Esters- mechanism of esterification and
ester hydrolysis.
UNIT-III ORGANOMETALLIC COMPOUNDS AND ORGANO SULPHUR
COMPOUNDS
Preparation, structure and synthetic uses of Grignard reagent-preparation and
reactions of methyl lithium, diethyl zinc and tetraethyl lead-Reformatsky reaction
Preparation and properties of thioalcohols and thioethers – sulphonal-mustard gas and
sulphones.
 UNIT –IV REACTIVE METHYLENE COMPOUNDS & TAUTOMERISM

Reactivity of methylene groups – preparation and synthetic uses of diethyl

malonate and ethyl acetoacetate. Tautomerism – definition – various types, keto – enol,
amido – imido, nitro – acinitro and oxime – nitrosotautomerism.
UNIT-V ALICYCLIC COMPOUNDS
Nomenclature -general methods of preparation – spectroscopic properties –
chemical properties – relative stabilities of cyclo alkanes – Baeyer’s strain theory –
Sachse-Mohr theory – Coulson and Moffit’s concept – conformations of cyclohexane and
monosubstitutedcyclohexanes - largering compounds – synthesis and structure of
civetone and muscone (structure elucidation not necessary).
Reference Books

1. K.S. Tewari, N.K. Vishil, S.N. Mehotra – A text book of org. chem – 1st edition,
Vikas Publishing House Pvt Ltd., 2001, New Delhi.
2. P.L. Soni, Text Book of Organic chemistry, Sultans chand, 1991, New Delhi,
3. Bahl and ArunBahl, Organic Chemistry, S. Chand and Sons, New Delhi, 2005.
4. M.K. Jain and S. C. Sharma, Modern Organic Chemistry
5.Organic Chemistry - R.T.Morrison and Boyd - Prentice Hall
6.Advanced General Organic Chemistry - SachinK.Ghosh - Books and Allied (P) Ltd
7. Organic Chemistry – Bhupinder Mehta and Manju Mehta - PHI Learning Pvt Ltd.
 MODEL QUESTION PAPER
SEMESTER-IV ORGANIC CHEMISTRY – II
Time : 3 hours Marks : 75
Part A - (10x1=10 marks)

Answer ALL questions

Choose the Correct Answer
1) Carbonyl groups of aldehydes and ketones readily undergo
a) electrophilic substitution b) nucleophilic substitution
c) electrophilic addition d) nucleophilic addition
2. Which of the following does not have alpha hydrogen

a) HCHO b) CH3CHO c) CH3COCH 3 d) all of these

3. Malonic acid on heating gives
a) Formic acid b) acetic acid c) formaldehyde d) oxalic acid
4) Which of the following is least acidic?
a) acetic acid b) propionic acid c) butanoic acid d) fluoro acetic acid
5. Frankland reagent is

a) (C2H5)2Zn b) (C2H5)2Sn c) (C2H5)2ZnI d) (C2H5)2SnI

6. Thioalcohols react with ketones to give
a) thioethers b) mercaptides c) sulphones d) mercaptols
7. The type of tautomerism exhibited by RCONH2 and RC(OH)=NH is
a) keto-enol b) amido-imdo c) nitro-acinitro d) oxime-nitroso
8. Malonic ester can be used to prepare

a) carboxylic acids b) ketoacids c) aminoacids d) all of these

9. Least stable cycloalkane is
a) cyclopropane b) cyclobutane c) cyclopentane d) cyclohexane
10. The number of bands in the NMR spectrum of cyclohexane is
a) 1 b) 2 c) 6 d) 12
 Part B - (5x5=25)
Answer all questions
11.a) Give the mechanism of addition of HCN to carbonyl group (OR)
b) Write notes of Wolff Kishner reduction and MPV reduction

12. a) Explain Hell-Volhard-Zelinsky reaction with mechanism (OR)

b) Discuss the structure of urea
13. a) Give the preparation and properties of methyl lithium (OR)
b) Write notes on Reformatsky reactions
14. a) Explain keto-enol tautomerism with suitable examples (OR)
b) Methylene hydrogens in active methylene compounds are more reactive. Discuss

15. a) Explain Bayer’s strain theory (OR)

b) Write any two methods of preparation of cycloalkanes

Part C - (5x8=40)
Answer all questions
16. a) Explain the following i) Knoevenagal reaction ii) Wittig reaction (OR)

b) Explain preparation and properties of i) acrolein ii) crotonaldehyde

17. a) Explain preparation and properties and uses of citric acid (OR)
b) Explain the following i) mechanism of ester hydrolysis ii) action of heat on dicarboxylic
acid

18. a) Explain preparation and properties and uses of thio alcohols (OR)
b) Write any four synthetic applications of Grignard reagent
19 . a) Give the synthetic applications of malonic ester (OR)
b) Explain amido-imido and nito-acinitro tautomerism with suitable examples
20 a) Explain Sachse – Mohr theory (OR)
b) Coulson and Moffit’s concept
 SEMESTER IV

ALLIED CHEMISTRY - II

L T P C
3 0 0 3

Objective

 To learn the chemistry of basic aromatic compounds.

 To understand the nuclear particles and few nuclear reactions
 To know about carbohydrates, amino acids, proteins and nucleic acid.
 To study about fuels, fertilizers, cement and glass.
 To know about some common diseases and the drugs used.

UNIT 1 ORGANIC CHEMISTRY

Aromatic compounds General characteristics of aromatic compounds - aromaticity – Huckel’s

rule with examples- non – benzenoid aromatic compounds (definition and examples only)
Preparation, properties and structure of benzene, naphthalene and anthracene.

UNIT 2 PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY

Nuclear chemistry Nuclear stability – n/p ratio – packing fraction – mass defect – binding
energy - isotopes, isobars, isotones with examples. Separation of isotopes by diffusion method –
group displacement law - radioactive series - Nuclear fission, fusion - Application of radio
isotopes (radio diagnosis and therapy, C-14 dating).

UNIT 3 BIO CHEMISTRY

Carbohydrates –definition and classification – artificial synthetic sweeteners. Amino

acids - classification – amphoteric nature – isoelectric point. Proteins - classification according
to composition, solubility and shape - colour reactions - biological action . Nucleic acids –
purines, pyrimidines, nucleocides, nucleotides – DNA – structure of DNA – RNA - different
types of RNA
UNIT 4 INDUSTRIAL CHEMISTRY

Fuel gases – Water gas, Producer gas, L.P.G, Gobar gas and Natural gas. Fertilizers –
N.P.K and mixed fertilizers. Soaps and detergents – an elementary idea of soaps and detergents.
Cleansing action of soaps and detergents. Cement and glass: Portland cement-manufacture only.
Manufacture of glass- types and uses borosilicates -photochromic and safety glass.

UNIT-5: PHARMACEUTICAL CHEMISTRY

Common diseases – infective diseases – insect borne –air borne – water borne –
hereditary diseases. Definition and examples of analgesics, antipyretics, sulpha drugs,
antimalarials and, antibiotics. Diabetes – causes – hyper and hypoglycemic drugs. Indian
medicinal plants – tulsi, neem, keezhanelli- their importance

Reference Books

1. Puri, Sharma & Kalia, Principles of Inorganic Chemistry, Milestone Publishers and

Distributors, 2008.

2. P.L. Soni, Text book of Inorganic Chemistry, Sultan Chand and Sons, 2007.

3. Bahl and Arun Bahl, Organic Chemistry, S. Chand and Sons, New Delhi , 2005.

4. Morrison & Boyd, Organic Chemistry, VIth ed, Prentice Hall of India Pvt. Ltd., New Delhi,

1998.

5. P. L. Soni, Text book of Organic Chemistry, S. Chand and Company Ltd., New Delhi .

6. J. L. Jain, Sunjay Jain and Nitin Jain, Fundamentals of Biochemistry, S. Chand and Company

Ltd.,New Delhi, 2005.

6. S. Lakshmi, Pharmaceutical Chemistry, S. Chand and Sons, New Delhi , 1995.

 MODEL QUESTION PAPER

ALLIED CHEMISTRY -II

Time: Three hrs Maximum Marks: 75

PART - A

Answer ALL questions

Choose the correct answer (10 x 1 = 10 marks)

1. The number of π e-s in cyclopentadienyl anion is

a) 2 b) 3 c)4 d) 6
2. -------- is aromatic
a) Pyrrole b) Propane c) Cyclohexane d) Cyclopentane
3. Nuclear fission reactions are
a) Chain reactions b) Thermal reaction c) Very fast d) Destructive

4. -------- is used in carbon dating

a) C-12 b) C-13 c) C-14 d) None
5. Collagen is a ---------------- Protein
a) fibrous b) Globular c) Storage d) Protective
6. Building blocks of amino acids are
a) Oil b) Fat c) Carbohydrate d) Protein

7. Which one of the following gas is commercially used?

a. Producer gas b. Gobar gas c. LPG d. None of these8. The components of Portland
cement are
a. Dicalcium silicate b. Tricalcium silicate c.Tricalcium aluminate d. All of these
9. Diabetes is controlled by
a) Hepatitis B b) Insulin c) BCG d) Chloromycin
10.Malarial Parasite is
a) Steptomyces b) Plasmodium c) Erythromyl d) Stephelococus
 PART - B (5 x 5 = 25 marks)
11.a) Explain Huckel’s rule of aromaticity with two examples.
(Or)
b) Give the preperations of (i) Bezene (ii) Nitro Bezene
12a) Give the differences between natural and artificial series
(Or)
b) Give the applications of radio isotopes in medicines.
13 a) What are amino acids? Give their classification based on biological importance
(Or)
b) Write a short note on proteins.
14.a)Explain the cleaning action of soap.
(OR)
b. What are glass? Give the preparation of any two classes?
15a) What are Hereditary diseases? Explain
(Or)
b) Explain a) Analgesics b) Antipyretics.

Part – C (5 x 8 = 40)
16a) Give the structural elucidation of naphthalene
(Or)
b) Elucidate the structure of anthracene.
17a) What is nuclear fission reaction? Give its application
(Or)
b) Give the difference between nuclear fission and fusion reactions.
18a) What are nucleic acids? Give the components of DNA
Or
b) Discuss the classification of amino acids with suitable example
19a. Write briefly the preparation and uses of i. Water gas ii. Producer gas iii. Gobar gas
OR
b. Explain preparation and uses of
i. Photochromatic & ii. Safety glass

20a) Define Antibiotics. Explain narrow spectrum antibiotic and broad spectrum antibiotic
(Or)
b) Define Diabates. Explain the types of Diabetes Mellitus.
***
 SEMESTER IV
SKILL BASED CHEMISTRY
CHEMISTRY IN MEDICINE
L T P C
4 0 0 4

Objectives
 To have knowledge of first aid and the important rules.
 To know the common chemicals in medicine
 To have awareness of common diseases
 To learn the diagnostic tests and to know the importance of vitamins.
Unit- I: FIRST AID
First Aid for accidents-important rules-first aid kit ,First aid for cuts, bruises,
bleeding, fractures, burns, fainting and poisonous bites. Common poisons-Acid poisoning-
antidote, Alkali poisoning-antidote, Poisoning by disinfectant- symptoms-antidote, Alkaloid
poisoning-symptoms-antidote, alcohol poisoning-symptoms-antidote, Mercury poisoning-
antidote and Salicylate poisoning-antidote.
Unit-II: CHEMICALS IN MEDICINE
(Preparations and chemical equations not required) Alum-properties and uses-
Aluminium hydroxide gel-uses-Dried Aluminium hydroxide gel-uses-Aluminium acetate-uses-
Ferrous fumarate-uses-Ferrric ammonium citrate-uses.Ferrous gluconate-uses,Ferrous sulphate.
Biological importance of sodium, potassium, calcium ,Iodine and copper.

Unit-III: CAUSES AND TREATMENT OF SOME COMMON DISEASES:

Insect borne diseases – malaria and filariasis Prevention and treatment. Air borne diseases –
diphtheria, whooping cough, influenza, measles, mumps, common cold, tuberculosis and
leprosy- Prevention and treatment. Water borne – cholera, typhoid and diarrhoeal diseases -
Prevention and treatment. Respiratory disorder – Prevention and treatment of asthma .Nervous
disorder – epilepsy—Prevention and treatment - other diseases – Peptic ulcer- treatment.
Unit- IV: CLINICAL CHEMISTRY
Clinical chemistry – Composition of blood – blood grouping - determination of blood
groups and matching – blood pressure – hypertension – determination. Determination of glucose
in serum – Folin and Wu’s method - determination of serum cholesterol – Sackett’s method –
tests for cholesterol. Estimation of glucose in urine – Diagnostic test for sugar in urine-
Benedict’s test-Clinistix-strip test Diagnostic test for salts in urine and serum. Detection of
diabetes ,detection of anaemia. Estimation of hemoglobin( Hb concentration) – estimation of red
blood cells Normal RBC count in adults.
Unit V : HEALTH CARE MEDICINES
Vitamins-Classification of Vitamins-Sources- deficiency diseases of Vitamins A, D,
E, K, B1, B2, Bc, B6, B12 and C –Therapeutic uses. Treatment of ulcers and skin diseases.

Books for Reference.

1. Practical Biochemistry – David Plummer – 2005, Tata McGraw-Hills Publishing Company.
2. Text Book of Pharmaceutical Chemistry – Jeyashree Gosh – 2003, S.Chand and Company,
New Dehi.
3. Medicinal Chemistry – G.R.Chatwal, 2002, Himalaya Publishing House, New Delhi.
 MODEL QUESTION PAPER

Time:3hrs Chemistry in medicine Maxmarks:75

Part-A 10x1=10marks
(Answer all the questions)
Choose the correct answer
1.Hydrophobia is caused due to
a. snake bite b. dog bite c. submersion in water d. none
2.The anti dote for alkali poison is
a. emetic b. 5% sodium bicarbonate c. milk of magnesia d. orange juice
3.Which of the following is used as a haematinic
a. Aluminium gel b. ferrous fumarate c. potassium citrate d. calcium lactate

4.Hypokalemia is caused by deficiency of

a. Iodine b. Magnesium c. Potassium d. Calcium
5.Filariasis is caused by
a. air contaminants b. culex mosquitoes c. rats d. house fly
6.Enterovioform is used for the treatment of
a. jaundice b. plaque c. amoebic dysentery d. epilepsy
7.Anaemia is diagnosed by estimation of
a. blood iron content b. blood haemoglobin c. blood cyanocobalamin d. blood vitaminB12
8.The metal atom present in haem is
a. Magnesium b. Cobalt c. Iron d. Manganese
9.Deficiency of Vitamin C causes____________
a. night blindness b.scurvy c. excess bleeding d. none
10.Riboflavin is found in _____________

a. green leaves b. berry c. yeast d. carrot

 Part-B (5x5=25marks)
(Answer all questions choosing either a or b)
11a.Explain the first aid treatment given to a victim of burns.
Or
b.What are the rules to be followed in giving first aid?
12a.Write notes on the biological function of sodium
Or
b.Give the importance of calcium in human system

13a..How is tuberculosis diagonised ?How can it be treated and prevented?

Or
b.How is cholera caused? How can it be prevented?

14a.Write the importance of Rh factor

Or
b.Explain low and high blood pressure
15a.Give an account of the sources and importance of vitamin A
Or
b.Describe the deficiency symptoms of vitamin C

Part_C (5x8=40marks)
(Answer all questions choosing either a or b)
16a.Discuss the different types of poisons and their antidotes.
Or
b.Discuss the precautions taken during first aid for victims with fractures
17a.Explain the uses of i. Aluminium gel ii. Ferrous sulphate iii. Ferrous gluconate

and iv. Alum Or

b.Discuss the biological role of Iodine in human system
18a.Write notes on insect borne diseases with suitable examples
Or
b.How is asthma caused? Discuss the prevention and treatment.
19a.How is glucose in serum determined by Folin and Wu’s method

Or
b.Explain the diagnostic test for glucose in urine
20a.How are vitamins classified? Discuss the sources of vitamins A,B and C
Or
b.Explain the therapeutic uses of vitamins D, E and K
 SEMESTER-IV
SKILL BASED CHEMISTRY

L T P C
4 0 0 4
INDUSTRIAL CHEMISTRY
Objectives:
 To gain knowledge about systems of units and conversion factor
 To understand utilities in chemical industries
 To know the severity of corrosion and methods of preventing it
 To study the industrial process of silicate industry
 To acquire the knowledge about the unit process
UNIT I - UNITS AND DIMENSIONS, MATERIAL BALANCE
Fundamental and derived quantities – System of unit – significance of dimensional
analysis – forces – weight – volume – pressure – work – energy – power. Basic chemical
calculations: Atomic mass – Molar mass – concept of mole, gmol, comparison of liquid mixtures
and gaseous mixtures, percentage of mass, volume and mol – ideal gas laws – Dalton’s law,
Amagat’s law and Henry’s law – density and pressure measurements.
Material balance without chemical reaction: Material balance equation – transient and
steady state – simple material balance with and without recycle and bypass or chemical
engineering operations such as evaporation, drying, filtration, extraction and crystallization.
UNIT II - FUELS AND FURNACES
Fuels – types of fuels – calorific values – ignition point – pyrometric effect – explosives
range – Flue gas analysis by Orsat’s method – explosives – classifications – low explosives –
initiating explosives – high explosives – rocket propellants – nuclear fuels.
Furnaces – types of furnaces – Kilns – Blast furnace, reverberatory furnace – muffle
furnace – electric furnace – regenerative furnace, open hearth furnace – Bessemer converter –
vertical retort furnace.
UNIT III - CORROSION AND PROTECTIVE COATING
Introduction – severity of corrosion – chemical and electrochemical corrosion – mechanism –
factors influencing corrosion – control of corrosion – cathodic and anodic protection.
Paints – characteristics of paint – constituents of paints - pigments – vehicles – thinners – driers
– fillers – plasticizers – anti skinning agents – their function and properties.
Metallic coating – removal of surface contamination – removal of superficial corrosion products
– polishing – galvanizing – tinning – electroplating.

UNIT IV - SILICATE INDUSTRY

Refractories – requirements of refractories – properties of refractories – solid refractories – fire
clay refractories – magnesite refractories, dolomite bricks, graphite refractories, zirconia
refractories, silicon carbide.
Abrasives – classifications – natural (diamond, corundum, emery, garnet, quartz and flint) and
artificial (carborundum, alundum, boron carbide, metallic abrasives). Uses of abrasives – cement
manufacture – setting and hardening of cements – gypsum – plaster of Paris – manufacture –
setting and hardening – uses. White wares manufacture – types – glazing.
UNIT V - UNIT PROCESSES IN ORGANIC MANUFACTURE
Sulphonation – uses and applications of sulphonates and sulphates – sulphonating agents –
sulphur trioxide – organic complexes – chemical and physical factors in sulphonation –
commercial sulphonation of benzene – batch vs continuous sulphonation. Hydrolysis –
hydrolyzing agents – mechanism of hydrolysis.
Oxidiation – types of oxidation reactions – oxidizing agents – permanganate and dichromate –
liquid phase oxidation – vapour phase oxidation – commercial manufacture of acetic acid.
Hydrogenation – catalysts for hydrogenation - hydrogenation of vegetable oils.
Reference books:
1. Industrial Chemistry, B. N. Chakrabarthy, Oxford & IBH Publishing Co. Pvt. Ltd.
Calcutta.
2. Unit Operations I & II K. A. Gavhane, Nirali Prakashan, Pune.
3. Unit Processes in Organic Synthesis, P. H. Groggins, Tata McGraw-Hill Publishing
Company limited, New Delhi.
4. Stoichiometry – B. Z. Bhatt and S. M. Vora.
5. Engineering Chemistry, Jain and Jain.
 MODEL QUESTION
INDUSTRIAL CHEMISTRY
SEMESTER – IV
Time: 3hrs Maximum – 75 marks

Part – A (10 x 1 = 10 marks)

Answer ALL questions
Choose the correct answer
1. 1.5 x 10-2 N will be equal to
a. 15000 dyne b. 1500 dyne c. 150 dyne d. 15 dyne
2. The total pressure of a mixture of two gases is
a. the product of partial pressures
b. the sum of partial pressures
c. the ratio of partial pressures
d. the differences in partial pressures

3. A substance with high fuel value gives more of

a. CO2 b. water vapour c. calories d. ash
4. A good fuel should possess
a. high ignition temperature b. moderate ignition temperature
c. high calorific values d. both b and c
5. More volatile layer is formed during chemical corrosion by

a. MoO3 b. Fe2O3 c. MgO d. ZnO

6. Corrosion is an example of
a. oxidation b. reduction c. electrolysis d. erosion
7. The chemical used for setting cement is
a. gypsum b. epsum c. alumina d. CaCo3
8. Type of cement used in atomic piles is

a. Portland cement b. barium cement

c. silicate cement d. water proof cement
 9. Which of the following reagent will not give sulphonation reaction?
a. Conc. H2SO4 b. Dil. H2SO4 c. ClSO2OH d. Olium
10. The catalyst for the liquid phase oxidation of acetaldehyde with oxygen is
a. magnesium acetate b. manganese acetate

c. mercuric acetate d. sodium acetate

Part – B (5 x 5 = 25 marks)
Answer ALL questions choosing either (a) or (b)
11. a) Explain the term unit. Distinguish fundamental and derived units with suitable examples
(or)
b) What do you mean by the term partial pressure? Explain Dalton’s law of partial pressure.

12. a) What is meant by calorific value of a fuel? Describe how the calorific value of a solid fuel
determined.
(or)
b) Explain the Orsat’s method of Flue gas analysis.

13. a) How are metals protected against corrosion by modifying the environment
(or)
b) Explain galvanic corrosion
14. a) What are abrasives? Write short note on any one natural and artificial abrasives
(or)
b) Write a note on the manufacture of white wares

15. a) What are sulphonates? How are they prepared? Mention their uses.
(or)
b) Discuss and compare the sulphonation of benzene by batch process and continuous
sulphonation process

Part C (5 x 8 = 40 marks)
Answer ALL questions choosing either (a) or (b)
16. a) (i) What are methods of solving material balances without chemical reactions?
(ii) Explain the purpose of by-pass operation
 (or)
b) (i) Give the rules of dimensional analysis with examples
(ii) State and explain Henry’s law and Amagat’s law
17. a) (i) What are explosives? Give the classification with suitable examples

(ii) Write a note on nuclear fuels

(or)
b) Write short notes on
(i)Blast and reverberatory furnace
(ii)Regenerative open hearth furnace
(ii) Muffle furnace

18. a) (i) What is meant by electrochemical corrosion? Explain its mechanism

(ii) Explain the term cathodic protection. Indicate how metal coatings can effectively
prevent corrosion
(or)

b) (i) Write short notes on Galvanizing and Tinning in corrosion

(ii) Mention the constituents of paint and their function
19. a) Describe the manufacture, properties and uses of any four solid refractories
(or)
b) With the help of neat diagram describe the manufacture of Portland cement by wet
process

20. a) Discuss the different types of oxidation reactions. Explain how the vapour phase
oxidation is carried out .
(or)
b) Explain the hydrogenation of vegetable oils. Give the industrial importance of this
process
 SEMESTER-IV
NON MAJOR ELECTIVE- DAIRY CHEMISTRY
L T P C
2 0 0 2
Objectives:
 To learn the composition and properties of milk
 To understand the chemical composition of milk and milk processing.
 To know the chemistry of cream and butter
 To study to fermented milk products
 To know the condensed milk and dairy detergents

UNIT-I PROPERTIES OF MILK

Definition, Composition, Milk lipids, Milk proteins, vitamins and minerals. Factors
affecting the composition of milk - adulterants, preservatives, and neutralizer -
examples and their detection.

UNIT-II PROCESSING OF MILK

Destruction of microorganisms in milk – physicochemical changes during processing –
boiling, pasteurization – pasteurization types – bottle pasteurization –batch pasteurization –
HTST (High Temperature Short Time) – vacuum pasteurization –(UHT) Ultra High Temperature
Pasteurisation.

UNIT-III MILK PRODUCTS-I

Milk Products: Cream - definition, classification – manufacturing - chemistry of
creaming process - physico–chemical properties – separation of cream , estimation of fat in
cream , Butter - definition, classification, composition, theory of churning, desibutter, salted
butter. Ghee - major constituents, common adulterants and their detection.
UNIT-IV MILK PRODUCTS-II
Fermented milk products - fermentation of milk - definition and conditions. Ice
creams - definition, composition, types, manufacture of ice - cream, stabilizers, emulsifiers,
and their role, milk powder - definition, process of making milk powder.
UNIT –V CONDENSED MILK AND DAIRY DETERGENTS
Condensed milk – definition, classification and differences between condensed milk and
skim – condensed milk – sanitation - pasteurization – nutritive value of milk – difference
between cow milk and bauffalo milk- milk enzymes. Dairy Detergents : Definition-
characteristics-classification-washing procedure (modern method) sterilization-chloramin-T and
hypochlorite solution.
Reference books :
1. Applied Chemistry-K.Bagavathi Sundari MJP Publishers Chennai. 2006.
2. Principles of dairy technology - Robert Jenness, Wiley, New York
3. Indian Dairy Products - Rangappa and Acharya, K.T. Asia Publishing House, Bombay,
India.
4. Fundamentals of Dairy chemistry - Wond. F.P. Springer.
5. Outlines of Dairy Technology - Sukumar De. – Oxford University Press.
6. Applied chemistry for home science & allied science - T.Jacob, Mcmillan.
 MODEL QUESTION PAPER
NON MAJOR CHEMISTRY - DAIRY CHEMISTRY
Time: 3 hours Marks: 75
Part-A - [10×1= 10]
Answer all questions

Choose the correct answer

1. The gross properties of milk include

a.emulsionof fat globules b. suspension of casein micelles
c. minerals d. All the above
2. Milk is commonly adulterated with
a.water b.detergent c.urea d.All the above
3. The disease producing microorganisms present in milk are destroyed by
a. Pasteurization b. Adding water c. Curdling d. None
4. The temperature at which milk must be cooled and stored in a closed container before
and after pasteurization to maintain the quality and flavor is
a. At 40°C b. below 40°F c. Above 40°F d. between 80° - 100°F
5. Homogenization of milk prevents the accumulation of --------- at the top of milk
a. Microorganism b. minerals c. Fats d. All the above
6. Ghee is adulterated with
a. Vegetable oil b. Talc c. Animal fats d.Both (a) and (c)
7. Fermentation of milk is carried out using
a. Salmonella b. Fungi c. Virus d. lactic acid bacteria
8. In modern times, powdered milk is usually made by
a. Spray drying b. Emulsification c. Homogenizing d. Creamig
9. The most heat-stable enzymes found in milk is
a. Yersinia b.W. Malayi c. Lactoperoxidase d.Lactoferrin
10. The amount of cholesterol in buffalo milk isl
a. Low b. High c. Nil d. Very high
Part -B [5×5= 25]
Answer all questions, choosing either (a) or (b)

11.a) Write a note on milk proteins

(OR)
b) What are factors affecting gross composition of milk?

12. a) What are physico-chemical changes taking place on boiling milk?

(OR)
b) Write a note on Ultra High Temperature Pasteurisation

13. a) Explain composition of creams

 (OR)
b) Write methods of separation of creams.
14.a) What are composition of Ice Cream?
(OR)
b) What are principle involved in milk powder preparation?.

15. a) What are characteristics of Dairy detergent?

(OR)
b) Give any two differences between condensed milk and skimed milk

Part -C [5×8= 40]

Answer all questions, choosing either (a) or (b)

16. a) Write notes on

i. Milk vitamins ii. Milk minerals
(OR)
b) Explain the following
i.Milk adulterants and their detection ii. Milk lipids
17. a) Discuss the bottle pasteurization
(OR)
b) Explain the vacuum pasteurization in detail

18.a) Discuss the estimation of fat in cream

(OR)
b) What are the compositions of butter? How are they estimated?
19. a) Discuss the manufacture of ice-cream
(OR)
b) ) Discuss the process of making of milk powder
20.a) Discuss in detail about milk enzymes
(OR)
b)Write about washing procedure involving dairy detergent
 SEMESTER IV
NON-MAJOR ELECTIVE
APPLIED CHEMISTRY
L T P C
2 0 0 2
Objectives:
 To acquire knowledge about the chemicals used in day to day life

UNIT I - SOAPS AND DETERGENTS

Soaps: Definition-classification-raw materials used in the manufacture of soap –
manufacture of toilet soap.
Detergents: Definition –various types with examples- advantages of detergents over soaps –
cleansing action of soap.

UNIT II- FERTILIZERS

Definition-characteristics of a good fertilizer- role of nitrogen, potassium and phosphorous
in plant growth – natural fertilizers- chemical fertilizers: urea, muriate of potash and triple
superphosphate - mixed fertilizers - biofertilizers – advantages of biofertilizers.
UNIT III - POLYMERS
Fibers: Classification –uses of terylene, nylon and orlon. Resins: Natural resins- synthetic
resins-type-uses of fevicol, quick fix, araldite, glyptal and Bakelite. Plastics: classification-
differences between thermoplasts and thermosets. Advantages of plastics-uses of polythene,
PVC, polystyrene, Teflon and thermocole. Rubber: Types-defects in natural rubber-
vulcanization-synthetic rubbers- uses of neoprene, thiocol, butyl rubber, silicone rubber and
foam rubber.
UNIT IV - CHEMICALS IN PHARMACY
Definition and therapeutic uses of the following (an elementary study only)
Antiseptics: alum, boric acid Mouth washes: Hydrogen peroxide Antacids: Aluminium
hydroxide Analgesics: Aspirin, paracetamol Antibiotics: Penicillins, tetracyclines
Haematinics: Ferrous fumerate, ferrous gluconate Laxatives: Epsom salt, milk of magnesia
Sedatives: Diazepam
UNIT V - CHEMICALS IN DAY-TO-DAY LIFE
An outline of the preparation and uses of the following articles.
Tooth powder, tooth paste, writing inks, gum paste, boot polish, talcum powder, chalk crayons,
agar battis, phenyl and moth balls.

Reference books:
1. B. K. Sharma, Industrial Chemistry, Goel Publishing House, Meerut.
2. Jeyashree Gosh, A text book of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, S. Chand and Company,
NewDelhi.
3. B. N. Chakrabarty, Industrial Chemistry, Oxford and IBH Publishing Co. Pvt.Ltd., Calcutta.
 MODEL QUESTION PAPER

Semester IV
Non-Major elective

APPLIED CHEMISTRY

Time: Three hours Maximum : 75 marks

Part A - (10 x 1 = 10 marks)

Answer ALL questions
Choose the Correct Answer

1. The skin conditioner in transparent soap is ------------------------

a) Ethylene glycol b) Glycerol c) Sodium hydroxide d) Caustic Potash

2. ---------------- is used for salting out of soap

a) Potassium chloride b) Magnesium Chloride c) Sodium Chloride d) Calcium

Chloride

3. The three important elements for plant growth are

a) N, Ca, K b) P, Ca, K c) N, P, K d) N, P, Ca

4. Optimum PH of the soil must be

a) 7 - 8 b) 9 - 10 c) 2 - 4 d) 1 – 2

5. ----------------- is used as synthetic fibres

a) Teflon b) Bakelite c) Nylon d) Polystyrene

6. The rubber used in making bed pillows, cushions is ------------

a) Foam b) Silicone c) butyl d) neoprene

7. ----------------- is low as mouthwash

a) hydrogen peroxide b) aluminium hydroxide c) ferrous glucosate d) aluminium

8. ---------------- is used as sedative

a) Epsom salt b) Diazepam c) boric acid d) ferrous fumarate

9. ---------------- is made from potato starch

 a) Gum Paste b) Tooth Paste c) agerbattis d) mouth balls

10. ---------------- is used for salting out of soap

a) boot polish b) Chalk Crayons c) Moth balls d) talcum powder

Part – B (5 x 5 = 25)

11. a) What are soaps? How are they classified ?

(Or)

b) Define detergets? What are the advantages of detergents over soaps.

12. a) What are fertilizers? Explain the characteristics of a good fertilizer

(Or)

b) What are Bio-Fertilizers? Explain its advantages.

13. a) What are the uses of (i) Polythene (ii) Silicone rubber

(Or)

b) Mention the uses of (i) PVC (ii) Bakelite

14. a) What are Laxatives? Give the use of milk of magnesia

(Or)

b) What are Antiseptics? Give the use of alum.

15.a) Give the preparation and use of Gum paste

(Or)

b) Give the preparation and use of Boot polish.

Part – C (5 x 8 = 40)

16. a)Explain the manufacture of soap

(Or)

b)Explain the cleansing action of soap.

17. a)How are the following prepared? (i) Urea (ii) Triple super phosphate

(Or)
 b) Explain the role of nitrogen, Potassium and phosphorous in plant growth

18. a) Distinguish thermoplast and thermosets

(Or)

b) Explain vulcanization of rubber.

19. a) Wha t are antibiotics? What are the uses of penicillins and tetracyclines

(Or)

b) What are Anelgesics? What are the uses of Aspirin and paracetamol.

20. a) Give an outline of preparation and uses of the following articles

(i) Tooth Paste (ii) Writing Ink

(Or)

b) Give an outline of preparation and uses of the following articles

(i)Talcum Powder (ii) Moth balls.

 MAJOR PRACTICAL PAPER IV
(IV SEMESTER)
ORGANIC PREPARATION & DETERMINATION OF PHYSICAL CONSTANTS
L T P C
0 0 2 2
Objectives
 To make the students thorough in the preparation of organic compounds
 To Know about the determination of Physical constants
Organic preparation
 Preparation of salicylic acid from methyl salicylate (or) benzoic acid from ethylbenzoate
 Preparation of benzoic acid from benzamide
 Preparation of benzoquinone oxime from benzoquinone
 Preparation of benzoic acid from benzaldehyde
 Preparation of p-bromoacetanilide from acetanilide
 Preparation of 2-naphthyl benzoate from 2-naphthol
 Preparation of picric acid from phenol
 Preparation of methyl orange from sulphanilic acid
 Preparation of glucosazone from glucose

I Physical constant determination

(i) Determination of boiling point of organic liquid substances.
(ii) Determination of melting point of organic substances.

Internal – 50 marks
25 marks - Regularity
20 marks – Average of best ( preparation-4) four experiments in regular class work
5 marks - Average of 2 physical constant determinations
External -50 marks
20 marks – Record (atleast four experiments preparation-3 and phy. cont. detmn.-2 )*
20 marks – Procedure-5 and preparation-15)
10 marks – phy. cont. detmn
*Experiments done in the class alone should be recorded
(Students having a bonafide record only should be permitted to appear for the practical
examination)

Reference books:
1. Sundaram, Krishnan, Raghavan, Practical Chemistry (Part III), S. Viswanathan Co. Pvt. 1996.
2. Vogel’s Text Book of Quantitative Chemical Analysis. 5th Edi., ELBS/Longman England,
1989.
3. O.P. Pandey, D.N Bajpai, S. Gini, Practical Chemistry, for I, II & III BSc. Students. S.Chand
& Company Ltd reprint 2009.
4. V.K.Ahluwalia, Sunitha Dhingra, Adarsh Gulate College Practical Chemistry, Universities
Press (India) Pvt Ltd 2008 (reprint)
5. N.S. Gnanapragasam and G. Ramamurthy, Organic Chemistry – Lab manual, S.Viswanathan
Co. Pvt., 1998.
6. J.N. Gurthu and R. Kapoor, Advanced Experimental Chemistry (Organic), S. Chand and Co.,
1987.
 Allied Chemistry Practical II
INORGANIC QUALITATIVE ANALYSIS
L T P C
0 0 2 2

Inorganic simple salt containing one acidic radical (interfering radical) and one basic
radical
1.Acidic radical
Interfering acidic radicals:
Borate, Fluoride, Oxalate and Phosphate.
2. Basic radicals
Group I : Lead
Group II : Copper, Cadmium
Group IV : Cobalt, Nickel
Group V : Barium, Strontium
Group VI : Ammonium.

Internal –50 marks

25 marks - Regularity
25 marks – Average of four experiments in regular class work
External -50 marks
10 marks – Record (atleast 4 experiments)*
10 marks – Procedure
30 marks – Result
*Experiments done in the class alone should be recorded
(Students having a bonafide record only should be permitted to appear for the practical
examination)
 SEMESTER – V PAPER VII
INORGANIC CHEMISTRY- II
L T P C
4 0 0 4
Objectives
 To know the basic principles of metallurgy and the chemistry of d- Block elements
 To learn the chemistry of f- Block elements
 To understand the basic concepts of coordination chemistry and early theory
 To learn the basic analytical methods
 To study the chemistry of noble gases
UNIT-I NOBLE GASES
Occurrence - isolation of noble gases from the atmosphere - separation of the gases from
one another - general physical properties - special properties of helium - isotopes of helium -
uses of noble gases - importance of inert gases in theoritical chemistry - chemical properties -
xenon chemistry: preparation and properties of fluorides, oxides and oxofluorides of xenon -
xenates and perxenates - xenon fluoride complexes - structure and bonding in xenon compounds.
Fluorides of Krypton and Radon - hydrates and clathrates of noble gases - uses of clathrate
compunds.
UNIT II- CHEMISTRY OF d - BLOCK ELEMENTS
Occurence, General characteristics of d- Block elements – Group study of Titanium,
Vanadium,Iron, Coinage and Zinc group metals. Important compounds of transition metals:
Ziegler – Natta catalyst. Prussian blue, Sodium nitroprusside, Turnbull’s blue, Nickel DMG
complex, Wilkinson’s Catalyst- KMnO4 and K2Cr2O7.
UNIT III- CHEMISTRY OF f- BLOCK ELEMENTS
Occurrence, General characteristics of f-block elements, Synthetic elements,
comparative account of lanthanides and actinides – oxidation states, magnetic properties, colour
and spectra – separation by ion exchange and solvent extraction methods – lanthanide
contraction –– preparation, properties and uses of ceric ammonium sulphate, thorium dioxide,
thorium nitrate, uranium hexafluoride, uranylacetate.
UNIT IV- METALLURGY
Occurrence of metals- Ores and minerals in lithosphere -Mineral wealth of India-
principles of metallurgy-concentration of ores – froth floatation, magnetic separation,
calcination, roasting and smelting. Purification of metals – electrolysis, zone refining, van Arkel
deBoer methods. Extraction of the following metals in pure form - Li, Be, Ti, V, Th and U
UNIT V: THEORY OF INORGANIC PRACTICALS
Qualitative Analysis: Applications of solubility product and common ion effect in the
precipitation of cations – Interfering acid radicals and their elimination (oxalate, fluoride, borate,
phosphate, chromate, arsenite and arsenate).
Titrimetry: Primary standard- Molarity, molality formality, normality, wt% ppm, milli
equivalence and millimoles -problems Types of titrimetric reactions – acid-base, redox,
Iodometric, Iodimetric, precipitation and complexometric titrations – Indicators.
Gravimetric analysis: Precipitation from homogeneous soloution- precipitants -conditions for
precipitation – co-precipitation and post precipitation - washing of precipitates. Minimisation of
errors.

Reference Books
1. Puri B.R., Sharma L.R., Kalia K.K., Principls of Inorganic Chemistry, 28th edition,
Vallabh Publication, 2004, New Delhi.
2. R.D. Madan, Advanced Inorganic Chemistry, 2nd edition.S. Chand & Company, 2005,
New Delhi.
3. Concise coordination chemistry – R. Gopalan, V. Ramalingam, Vikas publishing House,
PVT LTD, 2001, New Delhi.
4. J.D.Lee, Concise Inorganic Chemistry, 5th edition, Oxford University Press, New Delhi
2008.
5. G.H. Jeffery, J. Bassett, J. Mendham, R.C. Denny, Vogel’s Text book of Quantitative
Chemical Analysis, 5th Edn., ELBS, 1989.
6. D.A. Skoog and D.M. West, Fundamentals of Analytical Chemistry, Holler Saunders
College publishing, USA.VI Ed., 1998.
 Inorganic Chemistry – II

Model question

PART – A (10 × 1 = 10 Marks)

Answer all the questions

1. General electronic configuration of noble gases

(a) ns2 p6 (b) ns2 n-1p6 (c) ns1 p6 (d) ns2 p3.
2. Structure of XeF5
(a) Pentagonal planar (b) octahedral (c) tetrahedral (d) trigonal planar.
3. Ilmenite is the ore of ----
(a) Sc (b) V (c) Zn (d) Ni.
4. Potassium ferrous ferrocyanide is known as ---
(a) Prussian blue (b) Turnbull’s blue (c) oxidizing agent (d) reducing agent.
5. Lanthanides and Actinides are known as ---
(a) Alkali metal (b) transition elements (c) f-block elements (d) Alkali earth metal.
6. Common oxidation state of Lanthanides
(a) +1 (b) +2 (c) +3 (d) +4.
7. Sulfide ores are concentrated by ---
(a) Magnetic separation (b) froth floatation (c) oxidation (d) reduction.
8. Semiconductors are purified by ---
(a) Zone refining (b) electrorefining (c) oxidation (d) reduction.
9. Interfering acid radicals is
(a) Sulfate (b) fluoride (c) nitrate (d) chloride.
10. Primary standard is
(a) KMnO4 (b) oxalic acid (c) HCl (d) NaOH.

PART – B (5 × 5 = 25 Marks)

11. (a) What are the uses of noble gases? (or)

(b) Write short note on clathrates of noble gases.
12. (a) How can we prepare Ziegler-Natta catalyst?. (or)
 (b) Elucidate the place of d-block elements in periodic table.
13. (a) Compare lanthanides elements with actinides elements? (or)
(b) What is lanthanide contraction and explain with example?
14. (a) Compare ore with minerals with suitable example. (or)
(b) What are the basic principles of metallurgy?
15. (a) Write short notes on Indicators (or)
(b) How can we get good quality precipitation for gravimetric analysis?
PART – C (5 × 8 = 40 Marks)

16. (a) How can we isolate and separate noble gases from atmosphere? (or)
(b) Explain the preparation and properties of xenon fluorides and oxofluorides.
17. (a) Write preparation, properties and synthetic uses of Wilkinson’s catalyst. (or)
(b) Discuss the preparation and oxidation ability of KMnO 4 and K2Cr2O7 with suitable
reactions.
18. (a) Explain the spectral and magnetic properties of f-block elements. (or)
(b) What are the applications of f-block elements?
19. (a) Write any five method of ore concentration with suitable diagram. (or)
(b) How can we extract Titanium from its ore?
20. (a) Write the applications of solubility product in the precipitation of cations. (or)
(b) Operating procedure and titration conditions of acid-base and iodometric titration.
 SEMESTER – V PAPER-VIII
PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY –II
L T P C
6 0 0 4
Objectives
 To learn about basic concepts and I and II law of thermodynamics
 To understand chemical equilibrium and phase equilibria
 To study about ionic equilibria and electrical conductance
 To learn about electromotive force
UNIT -I THERMODYNAMICS-I
Basic concepts - system, surroundings - types of systems - extensive and intensive properties
- state functions and path functions - types of processes - . Exact and inexact differentials -
Zeroth law of thermodynamics. Statements of first law - definition of internal energy and
enthalpy - heat capacities at constant volume (Cv) and at constant pressure (Cp), relationship
between Cp and Cv - calculation of work, heat, internal energy change and enthalpy change for
the expansion of an ideal gas under reversible isothermal and adiabatic conditions. Joule-
Thomson effect – Joule-Thomson coefficient and its significance - derivation of the expression
for Joule-Thomson coefficient - inversion temperature. Kirchoff’s equation and its applications -
numerical problems.
UNIT II: THERMODYNAMICS-II
Introduction to second law of thermodynamics - statement of second law of
thermodynamics.
Entropy: Definition –entropy a state function - -entropy change in reversible and irreversible
processes - entropy as function of T and V - entropy as a function of T and P - entropy change in
isothermal and adiabatic process - physical significance of entropy.
Free energy Definition:Work and free energy functions – general conditions of equilibrium and
spontaneity –Gibbs Helmholtz equation
Partial molar properties: Partial molar free energy. Chemical potential –Gibbs Duhem equation-
Clapeyron equation-Clapeyron-Clausius equation-Applications of Clapeyron-Clausius equation.

concept of fugacity and activity- activity coefficient- standard states.

Third law of thermodynamics: Nernst heat theorem- statement of III law and its applications.
UNIT III: CHEMICAL EQUILIBRIUM AND PHASE EQUILIBRIA
Chemical equilibrium: Law of mass action, equilibrium constants- Kp, and Kc
Thermodynamic derivations- -Relations between Kp & Kc – Van’t Hoff Reaction Isotherm and
Isochore - Significance of Reaction Isotherm and Isochore - Application of law of mass action to
homogenous and Heterogenous equilibrium-Le-Chatelier principle-application.
Phase equilibria : Phase rule - phase, component, degree of freedom - thermodynamic
derivation of phase rule -Phase diagrams: , One-component system Water and sulphur systems.
Two component system: (i) Simple eutectic: Lead-silver system and potassium iodide-water
system. (ii) Formation of compound with congruent melting point: Magnesium – zinc system and
ferric chloride – water system.

UNIT-IV IONIC EQUILIBRIA AND ELECTRICAL CONDUCTANCE

Ionic Equilibria:The Ostwald’s dilution law-experimental verification- pH scale-common
ion effect- its applications-buffersolution-Calculation of pH of Buffer solution. Solubility
product - Application of solubility product principle.
Electrical Conductance : Definitions of specific, equivalent and molar conductances –
Relations between them – measurement of conductance and cell constant. Variation of
conductance with dilution – Qualitative explanation– Strong and weak electrolytes. Migration of
ions – Kohlrausch‘s law – applications –Applications of conductance measurements – Degree
of dissociation of weak electrolytes –Determination of solubility of sparingly soluble salts –
conductometric titrations- Theory of strong electrolytes – Debye – Huckel – Onsager theory-
verification of Onsager equation – Wein and Debye –Falkenhagen effect.

UNIT V – ELECTRO MOTIVE FORCE(EMF) AND APPLICATIONS

Galvanic cells – Reversible and Irreversible cells – EMF and its measurement – Weston
Standard cell – types of reversible single electrodes – standard Hydrogen electrode – calomel
electrode –Derivation of Nernst equation both for emf of cells and single electrode potentials –
Nernst theory for single electrode potential –standard reduction potentials – electro chemical
series –significance.Application of emf measurements – Application of Gibbs –Helmholtz
equation to galvanic cells – calculation of thermodyamic quantities – pH using hydrogen,
quinhydrone and glass electrodes – potentiometric titrations. Concentration cells – electrode
concentration cells- electrolyte concentration cells- concentratoion cells with and without
transference – LJP expression –polarization – over voltage- decomposition voltage.

Reference books :
1. B.R. Puri, L.R. Sharma & M.S. Pathania, Principles of Physical Chemistry, Vishal
Publishing Co., Jalandhar.
2. P.L. Soni, O.P. Dharmarha & U.N. Dash, Text book of Physical Chemistry, 22ndEdn.,
Sultan Chand & Sons, New Delhi
3. Essentials of Physical Chemistry– B.S.Bahl, Arun Bahl, G.D.Tuli, Reprint 2006,S.Chand
& Company Ltd., New Delhi-110055.
4. Physical Chemistry volumes I & II- S.Pahari, 2004, New Central Book Agency,Kolkotha.
5. Physical Chemistry-G.M.Barrow, 2005, Tata McGraw Hill Publishing
Company,NewDelhi.
6. Physical Chemistry-G.K.Vemulapalli, 2004, Prentice Hall of India.
 Model Questions

SEMESTER –V PAPER-VIII
PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY -II
PART-A

Answer all the Questions (10 × 1=10)

1. Which one of the following is an extensive property

(a) Mars ( b) viscosity (c) refractive index (d) heat capacity
2. The inversion temperature Ti =
(a) 3a/Rb (b) 2a/Rb (c) 4a/3b (d) 2a/𝜋b
3. ∆HS ≈ 21.Tb is known as
(a) Entropy rule (b) Trouton’s rule (c) both (a) and( b) (d) State function
4. In an isothermal process -------------- is constant
(a) T (b) V (c) P (d) both (b) and (c)
5. The Van’t Hoff isotherm is _____________
a.∆𝐺 = −𝑅𝑇𝑙𝑛𝐾 b. ∆𝐺 = −𝑅𝑙𝑛𝐾 c. ∆𝐺 = −𝑙𝑛𝐾𝑝 d. none of these
6. Which of the following systems with degrees freedom is equal to one?
(a) Water (b) Sulphur (c) KI – Water (d) both a and b
7. The amount of NaOH used for the preparation of 1 liter 0.1N solution is
(a) 40 g (b) 20 g (c) 4g (d) 2 g
8. Which one of the following is a strong electrolytes
(a) NaCl (b) NH4 OH (c) CH3COOH (d) Na2CO3
9. Which of the following is the standard cell?
(a) Daniel cell (b) Western-Cadmium cell (c) Laglange’s cell (d) None of these
10. Which one of the following is a reference electrode?
(a) Hydrogen electrode b) Zn-electrode c) Cu-electrode d)all these
PART-B
Answer all the Questions (5 × 5=25)

11. (a) Write notes an intensive and extensive property

Or
(a) Derive Kirchoff’s equation
12. (a) State II laws of Thermodynamics in any three ways
Or
(b) Derive Gibbs Helmoltz equation
13. (a) Derive the relation between Kp & Kc
Or
(c) Explain the phase diagram of Pb and Ag system?
 14. (a) Write a note on Kohlrauch’s law.
Or
(d) Determine solubility and solubility product using conductance measurements.
15. (a) Discuss the types of electrode.
Or
(a) How will you determine the pH of the solution using glass electrode?

PART-C
Answer all the Questions (5 × 8=40)

16. (a) Derive the relationship between Cp and Cv

Or
(b)Derive the expression for Joule Thomson coefficient

17. (a) Explain the entropy change in a reversible and irreversible process
Or
(b) Derive the Gibb’s Duhem equation..Give its significance
18. (a) Derive Van’t Hoff equation
Or
(b) Explain the phase diagram of sulphur system.

19. (a) What is transport number?. Determine the transport number using moving boundary
method.
Or
(a) Discuss the Debye-Huckel Onsager equation and its signifigance.
20. (a) Explain the determination of thermodynamic parameters for a chemical cell?
Or
(b) Write notes on concentration cell without transference and LJP.
 SEMESTER V PAPER-IX
ORGANIC CHEMISTRY-III
L T P C
6 0 0 4
Objectives
 To learn about stereochemistry
 To understand aromaticity
 To study dyes

UNIT - I OPTICAL ISOMERISM

Representation of molecules in saw horse, Fischer, flying-wedge and Newman formulae
and their inter translations.

Symmetry elements - chirality – asymmetric molecules and molecular dissymmetry-pseudo

asymmetry.Optical rotation – specific rotation –optical purity – racemisation (through
cationic and anionic and radicalintermediates), resolution of acids, bases and alcohols via
diastereomeric salt formation.
Optical isomers - enantiomers – diastereomers – epimers - notation of optical isomers -
Cahn-Ingold-Prelog rules, R and S notations for optical isomers with one and two
asymmetric carbon atoms - erythro and threo representations - D and L representations

Optical activity in compounds without asymmetric carbon atoms namely biphenyls, allenes
and spiranes. Stereo selectivity – stereo specificity – partial asymmetric synthesis.
point,dipolemoment – chemical method – dehydration and cyclisation.
UNIT -II GEOMETRICAL & CONFORMATIONAL ISOMERISM
Geometrical isomerism – nomenclature of geometrical isomers – cis – trans ,E-Z
notation and syn-anti for C=C,C=N compounds. Methods to assign configurations.
Stability of geometrical isomers and heats of hydrogenation. Conformation:Conformational
nomenclature - eclipsed, staggered, gauche and anti; dihedral angle, torsion angle, energy barrier
of rotation – potential energy diagram. Relative stability of conformers on the basis of steric
effect, dipole-dipole interaction, H-bonding;Conformational analysis of ethane, propane, n-
butane, haloethane, 1,2-dihaloethane, 1,2-glycol and 1,2-halohydrin, cyclopentane, cyclohexane
and mono substituted cyclohexanes
UNIT - III AROMATICITY & AROMATIC SUBSTITUTION

Aromaticity – definition – Huckel’s rule – consequence of aromaticity – stability, carbon-

carbon bond lengths of benzene, resonance energy and participation of substitution vs
addition – examples.Non-benzenoid aromatic compounds

Aromatic electrophilic substitution – general pattern of the mechanism, role of σ and π

complexes, Mechanism of nitration, halogenation, sulphonation and Friedel-Crafts reaction.
Activating and deactivating substituents, orientation in mono substituted benzenes,
ortho/para ratio- Orientation- Korner’s absolute method, dipole moment method – direct
influence of substituents – rules of orientation - Aromatic Nucleophilic substitutions-
unimolecular, bimolecular and benzyne mechanisms

UNIT – IV HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS

Molecular orbital picture and aromatic characteristics of pyrrole,furan, thiophene and

pyridine. Comparison of basicity of pyridine, piperidine and pyrrole.

Methods of synthesis and chemical reactions with particular emphasis on the mechanism of
electrophilic substitution and mechanism of nucleophilic substitution reaction in pyridine
derivatives.

Preparation and reactions of indole, quinoline and isoquinoline with special reference to
Fisher indole synthesis, Skraup synthesis and Bischler-Nepieralski synthesis, mechanism of
electrophilc substitution reactions of indole, quinoline and isoquinoline.

UNIT – V DYES & POLYNUCLEAR HYDROCARBONS

Dyes - theory of color and constitution - chromophore, auxochrome, classification

according to application and structure - preparation and uses of azo dyes - methyl orange,
triphenyl methane dyes -malachite green, indigo dyes - Indigotin, anthraquinone dyes - alizarin,
phthalein dyes –Phenolphthalein-Synthesis reactions & Structure of Naphthalene & Anthracene
Reference Books
1. Textbook of Organic Chemistry - P.L.Soni - Sultan Chand
2. Advanced organic Chemistry - B.S.Bahl - S. Chand
3. Principles of Organic Chemistry - A.K.Bansal - New Age
4. A Textbook of Organic Chemistry - A.K.Bansal - New Age
5. Organic Chemistry - I.L.Finar - Volume I & II - Addision Welsey
6. Organic Chemistry - R.T.Morrison and Boyd - Prentice Hall
7. Stereochemistry of Organic Compounds - D.Nasipuri - New Age
8. Stereochemistry, Conformation and Mechanisms - Kalsi New Age
9. Advanced General Organic Chemistry - Sachin K.Ghosh - Books and Allied (P) Ltd
10. Textbook of Organic Chemistry - P.S.Kalsi – Macmillan
11. Organic Chemistry – Bhupinder Mehta and Manju Mehta - PHI Learning (P) Ltd.
 MODEL QUESTION PAPER

SEMESTER-V ORGANIC CHEMISTRY – III

Time : 3 hours Marks : 75

Part A - (10x1=10 marks)

Answer ALL questions

Choose the Correct Answer

1) Cis-trans isomerism is shown by

a) But-1-ene b) But-2-ene c) Prop-1-ene d) Isobutene

2) 2,2’- dinitro biphenyls are optically active due to

a) Asymmetric carbon atom b) Asymmetric molecule c) Planarity d) Axis of symmetry

3) The electrophile in sulphonation of benzene is

a) H2SO4 b) HSO+ C) SO3 d) HSO4

4) In cholorobenzene, chlorine is

a) Activating and o-p directing b) Activating and m-directing

c) Deactivating and m –directing d) Deactivating and o-p directing

5) Electrophilic substitution takes place in anthracene at position

a) C1 b) C2 C) C6 d) C9 and C11

6) Naphthalene on oxidation with acidic KMnO4 gives

a) Phthalic anhydride b) Phthalic acid c) Decaline d) Ketonic acid

7) The reagent used in chichibabin reaction

a) Sodamide b) Sodalime C) NaOH d) Ammonia

8) Pyrrole undergoes electophilic substitution at position

a) C3 b) C2 c) Both C2 and C3 d) None of these

9) Alizarin is a……………………………dye

a) Azo b) Mordant c) Vat d) Nitro

10) A chromophore among the following is

a) –OH b) –NH2 c) –C=O d) –Cl

PART B (5x5=25)

Answer all questions (Choosing either a or b)

11. (a) Define the terms Chirality and Optical rotation (OR)
(b) Illustrate the following terms with an example (a) Enantiomers (b) Diastereomers
12. Define the terms a) Torsion angle b) Energy barrier of rotation (OR)
Discuss with suitable example the E,Z system of nomenclature of Geometrical isomers
13. Explain Benzyne mechanism with example (OR)
Define the terms a) Aromaticity b) Huckel’s method
14. Compare the basic nature of pyrrole and pyridine (OR)

Explain Fischer indole synthesis

15. What are the requirements of dye? (OR)
Explain bathochromic shift hypsochromic shift

Part C - (5x8=40)
Answer all questions (Choosing either a or b)
16. (a) Write notes on i) Assymmetric synthesis ii) Resolution iii) Atropisomerism (OR)

(b) (i) Optical isomerism of Biphenyls (ii) Absolute and Relative Configuration of organic
molecules
17.(a) Write notes on dipole-dipole interaction and H-bonding (OR)
(b) Discuss the conformational analysis of mono substituted cyclohexanes

8.(a) Explain the mechanism of Fridel-craft’s alkylation and acylation (OR)

(b) Discuss the mechanism of Aromatic nucleophilic substitution
19.a) Explain i) Skraup synthesis ii) Bischler-Nepieralski synthesis (OR)
b) Compare the aromatic character of furan, pyrrole and thiophene
20. (a) Explain the theory of colour and constitution (OR)
(b) How are the following synthesized? I) Alizarin II) indigo
 SEMESTER – V
MAJOR ELECTIVE I - POLYMER CHEMISTRY
L T P C
4 0 0 4
Objectives:
 To know the concept of polymerization and types of polymers
 To understand the characteristics of polymers
 To acquire knowledge about the polymerization techniques and polymer
processing
 To know the chemistry of individual polymers
 To have an idea about the recent advances in polymer sciences
UNIT I - INTRODUCTION TO POLYMERS

Definition - Monomer, polymer and polymerisation - classification of polymers on the

basis of (i) origin - Natural, semi synthetic, synthetic, (ii) Physical properties and applications
- Rubbers, plastic, fibres (iii) Thermal response - thermoplastics, thermosetting (iv) Structure
- Homopolymers (linear, branched, cross link or network), Copolymers (Random, Alternate,
Block, Graft) (v) Crystallinity - non-crystalline (amorphous), semi-crystalline (vi) Mode of
formation - Addition, Condensation Polymerisation (definition and examples only)
(vii) Methods of polymerization - Bulk, Solution, Suspension Polymerisation (definition and
examples only)
Chemistry of polymerization: Chain polymerization, free radical, ionic, co-ordination,
step polymerization, polyaddition and polycondensaion, miscellaneous ring opening and group
transfer polymerizations.
UNIT II - CHARACTERISTICS OF POLYMERS
Glass transition temperature (Tg) - definition – Factors affecting Tg – relationships
between Tg and molecular weight and melting point. Importance of Tg. Molecular weight of
polymers. Number average, weight average (problems), sedimentation and viscosity average
molecular weights. Molecular weights and degree of polymerization - chemical reaction -
hydrolysis - hydrogenation - addition - substitution – cross-linking, vulcanisation and cyclisation
reactions. Polymer degradation - basic idea of thermal, photo and oxidative degradation of
polymers.
UNIT III - POLYMERIZATION TECHNIQUES AND PROCESSING
Bulk, solution, suspension, emulsion, melt condensation and interfacial poly
condensation polymerizations. polymer processing - calendaring - die-casting, rotational casting
- compression moulding - injection moulding - blow moulding - extrusion moulding and
reinforcing.
UNIT IV - CHEMISTRY OF SOME COMMERCIAL POLYMERS
Preparation, properties and uses of the following polymers. Thermoplastics,
polyethylene, polypropylene, polystyrene, polyacrylonitrile, polyvinyl chloride, nylon, polyester.
Thermosetting plastics: Phenol formaldehyde resin, urea formaldehyde resin, melamine
formaldehyde, epoxy resin, polycarbonate.
Elastomers: Natural rubber and synthetic rubber, Styrene and neoprene rubber.
UNIT V - ADVANCES IN POLYMER
Biopolymers - Biomedical polymers - contact lens, dental polymers, artificial heart,
kidney, skin and blood cells - High temperature and fire resistant polymers - silicones -
conducting polymers - (elementary idea) - polysulphur nitrile, polyphenylene, polypyrrole and
polyacetylene. Polymer industry in India.
References books:
1. V.R. Gowarikar, N.V. Viswanathan and J. Sreedhar. Polymer Science, Wiley Eastern,
1995.
2. F.N. Billmeyer, Textbook of Polymer Science, Wiley Interscience, 1971.
3. Material Science II edition, P.K. Palanisamy SCITECH Publications India Pvt., Ltd.,
Chennai-600001.
4. Engineering Chemistry, V Srinivasan, S.D. Uma Maheshwari, M. Meena. SCITECH
Publications India Pvt., Ltd., Chennai-600001.
5. Introduction to Organic Chemistry. John McMurry Brooks/cole Cenage Learning India
Private Limited. First Reprint 2008.
6. Modern Chemistry, David. W. Oxtoby, H.P. Gills, Alan Campion Brooks/cole Cenage
Learning India Private Limited. First Reprint 2008.
 MODEL QUESTION

ELECTIVE I – POLYMER CHEMISTRY

SEMESTER V

Time: 3hrs Maximum - 75 marks

Part - A (10 x 1 = 10 marks)

Answer ALL questions

Choose the correct answer

1. An irreversible plastic is called
b. Thermoplastic b. Thermosetting plastic

c. Elastomers d. Hetropolymer
2. The size of the individual polymer molecule is of the order
a. 10-1 – 10-3 cm b. 10-4 – 10-7 cm
c. 10-4 – 10-7 mm d. 103 – 107 mm
3. Number average molecular weight and weight average molecular weights are equal when
a. monomers have high molecular weight

b. monomers have low molecular weight

c. molecular mass of polymer is determined in non-aqueous phase
d. all particles of polymer are identical in weight
4. The order of Tg value of polyethylene, nylon and rubber is
a. nylon < rubber < poly ethylene
b. rubber < poly ethylene < nylon
c. nylon < polyethylene < rubber

d. poly ethylene < rubber < nylon

5. Which of the following processes is used for coating wires with PVC?
a. Extrusion moulding b. Compression moulding
c. Injection moulding d. Die-casting
6. Which if the following is pearl polymerisation?
 a. Bulk polymerisation b. solution polymerisation
c. suspension polymerisation d. emulsion polymerisation
7. The compound used in vulcanisation is
a. SeCl2 b. TiCl4

c. CuSO4 d. MnCl2
8. The polymer used in the manufacturing of toys is
a. HDPE b. LDPE
c. PVC d. PMMA
9. Chondroitin sulphate is a component of
a. artificial heart b. artificial kidney

c. artificial skin d. dental polymer

10. The superior contact lens is
a. hard lens b. gas permeable lens
c. soft lens d. silicone lens

Part – B (5 x 5 = 25 marks)

Answer ALL questions choosing either (a) or (b)

11. a) Write notes on tacticity of polymer.
(or)
b) Differentiate between thermoplastics and thermosetting plastics. Give examples.
12. a) What is Tg? What are the factors affecting Tg?
(or)

b) Explain the oxidation method of degradation of polymers.

13. a) What is meant by casting? 2How it is performed?
(or)
b) Explain solution polymerisation.
14. a) Discuss the preparation, properties and uses of polycarbonates.
 (or)
b) What are the synthetic methods, properties and uses of PVC?
15. a) What are the uses of polymers in medicine and surgery?
(or)

b) Write the different types of silicones and their methods of preparation.

Part C (5 x 8 = 40 marks)
Answer ALL questions choosing either (a) or (b)
16. a) What is meant by copolymerization? Explain. Discuss the reaction mechanism.
(or)
b) When two molecules condense together some small molecules are eliminated-Explain this
statement with an example from polymerisation. Give the reaction mechanism.
17. a) Define number average molecular weight and weight average molecular weight.
Distinguish with an example. Give its practical significance of molecular mass
determination.
(or)
b) How are the following synthesized?

i) DMT ii) Ethylene glycol iii) Acrylonitrile iv) Hexamethyl diamine v) Caprolectum
18. a) What are synthetic fibres? Give their preparation and properties.
(or)
b) How are the following prepared?
i) PE ii) PP iii) Polymethylmethacrylate
19. a) What is meant by epoxy resin? Write their preparation, properties and uses.

(or)
b) Explain the natural and synthetic rubber types. How are they prepared?
20. a) Discuss the optical, thermal and electrical properties of polymers
(or)

b) What are compression and injection moulding techniques? How are they performed?
ExplaiN.
 SEMESTER – V
MAJOR ELECTIVE - 1
Bioinoganic chemistry
L T P C
4 0 0 4
Objectives
 To study the significance of metal ions’ transport and storage,
 To study a few metallo enzymes,
 To study electron transfer proteins,
 To study oxygen transport and activation proteins,
 To study the fundamentals of supramolecular chemistry

Unit I Metal ions in biology

Metal ions in biology- Essential and trace elements in biological system – biological
importance and toxicity of elements such as Fe , Cu , Zn , Co , Mo , W , V , Mn , and Cr in
biological system and their vital role in the active site- Ion transport mechanism in cell
membrane – Na and K pumps- Ionophores.
Unit II Metallo porphyrins

Chlorophyll – photosynthetic electron transport sequence – biological electron carriers : iron-

sulphur proteins-ferredoxin, rubridoxin and cytochromes , cytochromes and blue copper
proteins – oxygen carriers: haemoglobin and myoglobin dioxygen binding - co-operativity in
haemoglobin - the Bohr effect -, Vitamin B12 and cytochrome P450-mechanism of action
Unit III Metallo enzymes

Role of Zinc in enzyme chemistry-Zinc finger, Zinc twist and zinc cluster Structure and
functions of Metallo proteins and enzymes - superoxide dismutase, carbonic anhydrase
carboxypeptidase A, Catalase, LADH, and Peroxidase.
Unit IV Metals and Health

Application of therapeutic chelating agents- Metal-based drugs cis-platin, carboplatin, platinum

anti-cancer drugs, gadolinium MRI contrast agents, Gold and arithritic agents –
auranofin,solganol,myochristin, Toxicity of metals–Cd,Hg and Cr-bio metyhylation of mercury
Unit V Supramolecular chemistry

Concepts of supramolecular chemistry. – Host-Guest concept- Various types of non-covalent

interactions. Hydrogen bonds, C-H…X interactions, Halogen bonds. π – π interactions,non –
bonded interactions. Various types of molecular recognition- Cations, Anions and Neutral guests
– Supramolecular Devices and Sensors: Various types of supramolecular devices – an overview

Reference Books:
1. Lippard, S.J. & Berg, J.M., Principles of Bioinorganic Chemistry Panima Publishing
Company 1994. Cotton, F.A., Wilkinson, G., & Gaus, P.L. Basic Inorganic Chemistry 3
rd Ed.; Wiley India,
2. Huheey, J. E.; Keiter, E.A. & Keiter, R.L. Inorganic Chemistry, Principles of Structure
and Reactivity 4 th Ed., Harper Collins 1993, Pearson,2006.
3. Sharpe, A.G. Inorganic Chemistry, 4 th Indian Reprint (Pearson Education) 2005
4. Douglas, B. E.; McDaniel, D.H. & Alexander, J.J. Concepts and Models in Inorganic
Chemistry3rd Ed., John Wiley and Sons, NY, 1994.
5. Greenwood, N.N. & Earnshaw, A. Chemistry of the Elements 2 nd Ed, Elsevier, 1997
(Ziegler Natta Catalyst and Equilibria in Grignard Solution).
6. JW Steed and JL Atwood Supramolecular Chemistry 2nd Ed. Wiley 2011
P D Beer, P A Gale and D K Smith Supramolecular Chemistry OUP, 1999
J-M Lehn Supramolecular Chemistry VCH, 1995
7. Lee, J.D. Concise Inorganic Chemistry 5 th Ed., John Wiley and sons 2008.
8. Powell, P. Principles of Organometallic Chemistry, Chapman and Hall, 1988.
9. Shriver, D.D., Atkins, P. and Langford, C.H., Inorganic Chemistry 2 nd Ed., Oxford
University Press, 1994.
10. David E Fenton, Bio coordination chemistry, oxford science publications. 1995
11. Asim K. Das, Bioinorganic Chemistry, Books and allied (P) Ltd. 2007.
 Bioinorganic Chemistry-Elective-I
Model question
PART – A (10 × 1 = 10 Marks)

Answer all the question

1. Metal present in hemocyanin

(a) Fe (b) Zn (c) Cu (d) Mn.
2. Active site of carbonic anhydrases
(a) Cu (b) Ni (c) Fe (d) Zn.
3. Simplest iron–sulfur protein
(a) 2Fe-2S (b) 4Fe-4S (c) 3Fe-4S (d) 4Fe-3S.
4. Function of Myoglobin is
(a) Electron carrier (b) O2 carrier (c) O2 storage (d) Electron storage.
5. Superoxide dismutase catalyzes the dismutation of
(a) H2O2 (b) O2 (c) H2O (d) O2-.
6. The regulation of the transcription of DNA to RNA due to the
(a) Zinc fingers (b) Zinc twist (c) Zinc cluster (d) None.
7. The major toxic effect of cis-platin is
(a) Nephrotoxicity (b) Neurotoxicity (c) skin damage (d) heart failure.
8. Number of unpaired electrons present in Gd(III) is
(a) 6 (b) 4 (c) 7 (d) 5.
9. Stability of the protein is due to the ---- interaction
(a) Hydrogen bond (b) ionic bond (c) π -π (d) none.
10. Reversible host-guest interaction is useful for the fabrication --- devices.
(a) Sensor (b) solar (c) mechanical (d) electrical.

PART – B (5 × 5 = 25 Marks)

11. (a) Give note on metal ions in biology.(or)

(b) Write short note on Ionophores.
12. (a) Describe the structural chemistry of ferredoxin. (or)
(b) Write the action mechanism of cytochrome P450
13. (a) What is Zinc fingers and Zinc twist? (or)
(b) Write the action and mechanism of carboxypeptidase
14. (a) Write short note on MRI contrast agents. (or)
(b) How can you account for the action of cis-platin on cancel cells?
15. (a) What is host-guest interaction? Explain with an example (or)
(b) Explain any three supramolecular devices.
PART– C (5 × 8 = 40 Marks)

16. (a) Explain the biological important and toxicity of Fe, Cu, Mo and Cr metals (or)
(b) How can you account for the ion transport in the cell membrane?
17. (a) Explain the various steps in photosynthetic process (or)
(b) Give detailed account for the dioxygen binding on hemoglobin.
18. (a) What are the various role of Zinc in biological system? (or)
(b) Explain the action of superoxide dismutase and carbonic anhydrase.
19. (a) What are the applications of the therapeutic chelating agents? (or)
(b) Write detailed account for the toxicity of metals.
20. (a) Explain the various types of non-covalent interactions. (or)
(c) Give detailed account for the molecular recognitions.
 MAJOR PRACTICAL PAPER V
(V SEMESTER)

ORGANIC ANALYSIS
L T P C
0 0 4 2

Objectives

 To enable the students to understand the various procedures in organic analysis

 To create an awareness on microscale experiments in organic chemistry practicals

1. Organic analysis
Qualitative analysis of the given organic compound
a. Test for aliphatic and aromatic nature of substances
b. Test for saturation and unsaturation
c. Identification of functional groups (carboxylic acids, phenols, aldehydes, ketones, esters,
amines, amides, anilides, nitrocompounds and carbohydrates)
d. Preparation of solid derivative to confirm the presence of functional group
Internal – 50 marks
25 marks - Regularity
25 marks – Average of best four experiments in regular class work
External -50 marks
20 marks – Record (atleast five experiments in organic analysis)*
10 marks – procedure for any two functionl groups asked by the examiner
20 marks – Analysis
*Experiments done in the class alone should be recorded
(Students having a bonafide record only should be permitted to appear for the practical
examination)
 MAJOR PRACTICAL PAPER VI
(V SEMESTER)
GRAVIMETRIC ESTIMATION & INORGANIC PREPARATIONS
L T P C
0 0 4 2

Objectives
 To enable the students to understand the various techniques in gravimetric estimations
 To make the students thorough in preparations of organic compounds
Gravimetric Estimation
1. Estimation of lead as lead chromate
2. Estimation of barium as barium chromate
3. Estimation of nickel as nickel dimethylglyoximate
4. Estimation of zinc as zinc oxinate
5. Estimation of copper as copper thiocyanate
Inorganic preparation
1. Preparation of potash alum
2. Preparation of chrome alum
3. Preparation of Prussian blue
4. Preparation of sodium ferrioxalate
5. Preparation of tetrammine copper(II) sulphate
6. Preparation of tristhiourea copper(I)chloridedihydrate
7. Preparation of potassium trisoxalatoferrate(III)
8. Preparation of hexathiourea lead(II) nitrate

Internal – 50 marks
25 marks - Regularity
25 marks – Average of best (estimation-3 and preparation-3) six experiments in regular class
work
External -50 marks
10 marks – Record (atleast 3 estimations and 3 preparations )*
 10 marks – Procedure
30 marks – Result ( Estimation -20 and preparation-10)
*Experiments done in the class alone should be recorded
(Students having a bonafide record only should be permitted to appear for the practical
examination)

Reference books:
1. N.S. Gnanapragasam and G. Ramamurthy, Organic Chemistry – Lab manual, S. Viswanathan
Co. Pvt., 1998.
2. J.N. Gurthu and R. Kapoor, Advanced Experimental Chemistry (Organic), S. Chand and Co.,
1987.
3. B.S. Furniss, A.J. Hannaford, P.W. G. Smith and A.R. Tatchell, Vogel’s Text Book of
Practical Organic Chemistry. 5th Edn., Pearson Education, 2005.
4. O.P. Pandey, D.N Bajpai, S. Gini, Practical Chemistry, for I, II & III BSc. Students. S.Chand
& Company Ltd reprint 2009.
5. P.R.Singh, D.C.Gupta, K.S.Bajpal Experimental Organic Chemistry Vol.I and II, 1980.
6. V.K.Ahluwalia, Sunitha Dhingra, Adarsh Gulate College Practical Chemistry, Universities
Press (India) Pvt Ltd 2008 (reprint)
7. Sundaram, Krishnan, Raghavan, Practical Chemistry (Part III), S. Viswanathan Co. Pvt., 1996.
8. Vogel’s Text Book of Quantitative Chemical Analysis. 5th Edi., ELBS/Longman England,
1989.
 SEMESTER – VI PAPER – X
INORGANIC CHEMISTRY – III
L T P C
5 0 0 4
Objectives
 To study the theories in coordination chemistry
 To study the chemistry of metal carbonyls
 To understand the role of metal ions in biological systems
 To study the basic principles of photoinorganic chemistry

UNIT - I COORDINATION CHEMISTRY-I

Introduction: IUPAC nomenclature, Ligands- monodentate, bidentate, and polydentate ligands;
coordination sphere; coordination number; nomenclature of mononuclear and dinuclear
complexes. Structural and stereoisomerism in tetrahedral, square planar and octahedral
complexes.Valance Bond theory – applications of valance bond theory to tetrahedral, square
planar and octahedral complexes- Merits and limitations of VB theory.

UNIT – II CO-ORDINATION CHEMISTRY II

Crystal field theory - splitting of d-orbitals in octahedral and tetrahedral complexes -
factors affecting the magnitude of crystal field splitting - effects of crystal field splitting -
spectrochemical series - applications of CFT - magnetic properties and spectra of transition metal
complexes - crystal field stabilization energy and their uses - limitations of CFT - effective
atomic number rule - stability of complexes - step-wise and overall stability constants - factors
affecting the stability of complexes - determination of stability constants.
UNIT – III CO-ORDINATION CHEMISTRY III
Labile and inert complexes - ligand substitution reactions in octahadral complexes:
aquation, base hydrolysis and anation reactions - substitution reactions in square planner
complexes - Trans effect - theories of trans effect - mechanism of substitution reactions - redox
reactions: inner-sphere and outer-sphere electron transfer reactions.
UNIT - IV ORGANOMETALLIC CHEMISTRY
Introduction–History, Nomenclature of organometallic compounds, EAN rule and
18 electron rule. Structure and nature of M-L bond in metal carbonyls - metal nitrosyls.
preparation of organo metallic compounds of Mg, Zn, Li, Cu, P, B, Ti, Fe and Co
Wilkinson’s catalyst and alkene hydrogenation, hydroformylation, Mansanto acetic acid process,
Ziegler – Natta catalyst and polymerization of olefins.
UNIT - V INORGANIC PHOTOCHEMISTRY
Electronic transitions in metal complexes : selection rules - metal-centered and charge-transfer
transitions - properties of excited states - bimolecular quenching and energy transfer -
photochemical pathways : substitutional, reduction-oxidation and isomerisation processes -
photosubsitution reactions of Cr(III) complexes - Adamson's rules - photoredox reactions of
Co(III) complexes - photoismerisation in Pt(II) complexes. Photochemical conversion and
storage of solar energy : photolytic cleavage of water into H 2 and O2 - photoelectrochemical
devices : photogalvanic cells and semiconductor based photovoltaic cells.

Reference books :
1. J.D. Lee, Concise Inorganic Chemistry 5th Ed., Blackwell Science Ltd.,
2. James E. Huheey, Elien A. Keiter and Richard L. Keiter, Inorganic Chemistry : Principles
Structure and Reactivity, 4th Ed., Harper College Publisher.
3. F. Albert Cotton, Geoffrey Wilkinson, Carlos A. Marilo and Manfred Bochman, Advanced
Inorganic Chemistry, 6th Ed., Wiley Interscience Publication.
4. Fred Basolo and Ralph G. Pearson, Mechanisms of Inorganic Reactions : A study of metal
complexes in solution, 2nd Ed., John wiley and sons, Inc.,
5. David E. Fenton, Biocoordination Chemistry, Ist Ed., Oxford Science Publications.
6. Ivano Bertini, Harry B Gray, Stephen J Lippard, Joan Selverstone Valentine, Bioinorganic
Chemistry, 1st Ed., Viva Books Pvt. Ltd.,
7. J.K. Rohatgi - Mukherjee, Fundamentals of Photochemistry - Wiley Eastern Revised Ed.,
8. Journal of Chemical Education, Vol.60, No.10, October 1983.
9. A.W. Adamson and P.D. Fleischauer, (Editors) Concepts of Inorganic photochemistry, John
wiley and sons, New York, 1975.
 Inorganic Chemistry – III

Model question
Part – A (10 × 1 = 10 Marks)

Answer all the question

1. Ligands are----
(a) only anionic (b) neutral or anionic (c) only neutral (d) only cationic.
2. Coordination numbers are also called
(a) Primary valency (b) secondary valency (c) oxidation number (d) tertiary valency.
3. Degenerated states present in d orbital
(a) 2 (b) 3 (c) 5 (d) 0.
4. Hybridization present in tetrahedral complex is----
(a) sp (b) sp2 (c) sp3 (d)sp3d.
5. Complexes reacts rapidly are called----
(a) unstable (b) labile (c) stable (d) robust.
6. Substitution by water is ---
(a) anation (b) aquation (c) hydrolysis (d) None.
7. EAN of the [Cu(CN)4]3-
(a) 8 (b) 60 (c) 36 (d) 86.
8. Catalyst for hydroformylation is
(a) (Ph3P)3RhCl (b) Ni (c) Co2(CO)8 (d) Zn/Cu oxide.
9. Intense pink color of permanganate ion is due to--- transition.
(a) d-d (b) charge transfer (c) n-n (d) n-π.
10. Natural light harvesting complex is
(a) Iron complex (b) chlorophyll (c) hemoglobin (d) blue copper protein.

Part – B (5 × 5 = 25 Marks)

11. (a) What are the rules for the naming of mononuclear complexes? (or)
(b) What are the merits and demerits of VB theory?
12. (a) What are the limitation of CFT? (or)
(b) What is stepwise and overall stability constant?
13. (a) What is trans effect explain with suitable examples (or)
(b) Write the mechanism of substitution reactions?
14. (a) How can we prepare Wilkinson’s catalyst? And give its uses. (or)
(b) What is Mansanto acetic acid process? And explain its uses.
15. (a) What are the properties of exited state? (or)
(b) Describe the photoisomerisation in Pt(II) complex with an example?
Part – C (5 × 8 = 40 Marks)

16. (a) Explain the structural and stereoisomer of square planar complexes? (or)
(b) What is valance bond theory? And explain its uses.
17. (a) What are the factors affecting the CFSE? (or)
(b) Explain the CFSE of octahedral complex and give uses of CFSE.
18. (a) What way inner sphere mechanism differs from outer sphere mechanism? And
explain with suitable examples. (or)
(b) Explain the substitution reaction in square planner complexes.
19. (a) How can we analyze the stability of carbonyl compound using EAN rule with
suitable examples? (or)
(b) Explain the formation of polymer by Ziegler-Natta catalyst with mechanism.
20. (a) Explain the photochemical pathway of redox reaction in inorganic complex. (or)
(b) Give detailed account for the working of semiconductor based photovoltaic cells.
 SEMESTER – VI PAPER XI

Paper-XI Physical chemistry –III

L T P C
5 0 0 4
Objectives
 To learn about basic concepts in spectroscopy
 To study about the various types spectroscopy
 To learn the symmetry of the molecules.
 To know the kinetics of the reactions
 To study the surface phenonmena and solution characteristics

UNIT – I SPECTROSCOPY- I
Introduction - various types of molecular spectra - electronic, vibrational and
rotational energy levels - Born-Oppenheimer approximation.
Rotation spectra of diatomic molecules - determination of bond length and moment of inertia
from rotational spectra - numerical problems - selection rule, effect of isotopic substitution.
UV-visible spectroscopy: theory - types of transitions in molecules - selection rules for
electronic spectra - factors affecting absorption maximum and intensity – applications.
IR spectroscopy : theory - stretching and bending vibrations - factors affecting vibrational
frequencies - important spectral regions for the characterization of functional groups - finger
print region - determination of force constant - qualitative relation of force constant to bond
energies - selection rules - modes of vibrations in polyatomic molecules - vibrational modes of
H2O and CO2 – applications - numerical problems.

UNIT - II SPECTROSCOPY -II

Raman spectroscopy: Principle - Rayleigh and Raman scattering - Stokes and Anti-stokes
lines - differences between IR and Raman spectroscopy - mutual exclusion principle – selection
rule - applications.
NMR spectroscopy: Theory of NMR, modes of nuclear spin-relaxation process -
shielding effect, hyperfine splitting, coupling constants, - chemical shift - factors affecting
chemical shift - internal standard, δ and τ scale - applications of NMR and limitations of NMR.
 ESR spectroscopy: principle - energy level splitting - presentation of ESR spectrum for
methyl and benzene radicals, deuterium - applications-Zerofield splitting &Kramer’s
degeneracy –fine structure
UNIT III GROUP THEORY
Concept of symmetry in chemistry - symmetry operations and symmetry elements -
rotational axis of symmetry and types of rotational axes - planes of symmetry and types of planes
- improper rotational axis of symmetry - identity element - groups and their basic properties –
Abelian and cyclic groups - classification of molecules into point groups - the symmetry
operations of a molecule form a group – H2Oand NH3point groups - group multiplication tables.
UNIT IV CHEMICAL KINETICS
Rate of reaction-Measuring rates of reaction-expressing reaction rates- factors
influencing rate-rate constant-Rate laws, Stoichiometry, order and molecularity of reactions-
First order, second order, third order and zero order reactions and example. Characteristics of
I,II,III and Zero order reactions. Determination of order of reactions-expression for rate constant
of first and second order reaction-derivation. Effect of temperature on rate constant. The
activation energy - determination of Arrhenius frequency factor and energy of activation-The
collision theory of reaction rates and its limitation. Lindemann theory of unimolecular
reactions-The theory of Absolute reaction rates. Comparison of the collision theory with the
Absolute reaction rate theory.
UNIT V SURFACE CHEMISTRY AND SOLUTIONS
Surface Chemistry:Adsorption - physisorption and chemisorption - adsorption of
gases by solids - adsorption isotherms - Freundlich adsorption isotherm - derivation of Langmuir
adsorption isotherm, statement and explanation of BET isotherm - applications of adsorption -
determination of surface area – adsorption indicators.
Solution : Solutions of liquid in liquid– Binary liquid mixture - Ideal and non ideal
solutions – Raoult's law. - deviation from ideal behavior – pressure – composition and
temperature – Composition diagrams for completely miscible binary solutions-Fractional
distillation –Azeotropic distillation—nature of azeotropic mixtures-partially miscible liquids—
consolute temperature- critical solution temperature-system with upper CST, lower CST and
upper and lower CST –Liquid crystals, Nematic,Semetic and cholestic types and their
applications
Reference books :
1. Principles of Physical Chemistry - B.R. Puri and Sharma - Shobanlal Nagin Chand & Co.,
2. Text Book of Physical Chemistry - P.L. Soni - Sultan Chand.
3. Elements of PhysiCal chemistry - Glasstone and Lewis - Macmillan.
4. Physical chemistry - G.W. Castellan - Narosa publishing house.
5. Universal General Chemistry, C.N.R. Rao, Macmillan.
6. Group theory and its Chemical Applications - P.K.Bhattacharya - Himalaya publishing
House.
7. Chemical Kinetics-K. J. Laidler, Tata McGraw Hill Publishing Company, NewDelhi
 Model Question

Physical Chemistry - III

PART-A

Answer all the Questions (10 × 1=10)

1. Which of the following molecule is / are micro wave active?

a) CO b) NO c) HCl d) All of these
2. UV-visible spectroscopy is also known as -------------spectroscopy

a) Vibrational b) Electronic c) Dipole d) Optical

3. Howmany lines for acetone in NMR spectra is -----------
a) 3 b) 0 c) 2 d) 1
4. Microwave radiation used in ------------- spectroscopy
a) Rotaional b) ESR c Vibrational d. Both a and b
5. The point group of H2O molecule is
a) D3h b) C2v c)C3v d) D2h
6. The principal axis of NH3 molecule is
a)C4 b) Ci c) C3 d)C2
7.Hydrolysis of methyl acetate in aqueous is an example for ------------reaction

a) First order b) Pseudo first order c)fractional order d) Third order

8.Decomposition of HI on gold surface is an example for -------reaction
a) First order b) Zero order c) fractional order d) Second order
9.Which of the following adsorption isotherm is applicable for multilayer formation?
a) Freundlich b) Langmuir c) BET d) None of these
10.The specied law for ideal solution is
a) Roault’s law b) Boyle’s law c) Henry’s law d) Faraday’s law

PART-B

Answer all the Questions (5 × 5=25)

11.a) Explain Frack-Condon Principle
Or
b.Write notes on stokes and anti stokes lines Fra
12.a) Discuss the factors affecting chemical shift.
 Or
b.Explain the ESR spectrum of methyl radical

13 a) Discuss briefly symmetry elements and symmetry operations.

Or
b)Explain Abelian group with example.
14.a) Derive Arrhenius equation. Write its significance.
Or
b) Write notes on Lindeman’s theory.
15a) Discuss the differences between physisorption and chemisorption
Or
b)What is CST? Explain the system with upper CST.

PART-C

Answer all the Questions (5 × 8=40)

16a) Explain the rotational spectrum of diatomic molecule.
Or
b)Discuss the vibrational spectrum of simple harmonic oscillator.

17a)Explain the applications of NMR spectra

Or
b) Discuss the principle of ESR spectra.Explain ESR spectra of 1,4-semibenzoquinone
radicals and Deutrium.

18a) Deduce the symmetry elements of BF3 and SO2

Or
b)Discuss the point group of H2O and NH3

19a) Derive the expression for rate constants of first and second order reaction.
Or
b)Discuss the absolute reaction rate theory

20a) Derive Langmuir adsorption isotherm and discuss its importance.

Or
b)Explain azeotropic distillation with suitable examples.
 SEMESTER-V PAPER-XII
ORGANIC CHEMISTRY-IV
L T P C
5 0 0 4
Objectives
 To learn about natural products
 To understand chemistry of aromatic compounds
 To study spectroscopy

UNIT-I CARBOHYDARATES
Classification-Monosaccharides- constitution of glucose and fructose. Reactions of
glucose and fructose – Osazone formation, Mutarotation and its mechanism, cyclic
structure, pyronose and furanose forms. Epimerisation-Chain lengthening and shortening
of aldoses. Interconversions of aldoses and ketoses.
Disaccharides- sucrose- reactions and structure.
Polysaccharides – starch and cellulose ( elucidation of structure not necessary).

UNIT-II PHENOLS, AROMATIC ALDEHYDES, KETONES AND ACIDS

Phenols:Acidic character of phenols- effect of substituents on acidity of phenols - Mechanisms

of Kolbe’s reaction and Riemer-Tiemen reaction. Preparation of cresols, catechol, resorcinol,
quinol and euginol. Aldehydes and ketones :Preparation and uses of cinnamaldehyde.
Coumarin, vanillin, Michler’s ketone, p-benzoquinone-Quinone mono oxime tautomerism.
Mechanism of Cannizaro reaction, benzoin condensation, Perkin reaction, Claisen reaction,
Knovenagel reaction,Gattermann aldehyde synthesis and Houben –Hoesch synthesis.
Aromatic acids: Ortho effect, preparation of mandelic acid, cinnamic acid and anthranilic acid.
Preparation and uses of benzene-1,2- dicarboxylic acid, benzene-1,3- dicarboxylic acid and 1,4-
dicarboxylic acid.
UNIT III REARRANGEMENTS

Rearrangement to electron-deficient carbon – 1,2 shift (Wagner-Meerwein

rearrangement, pinacol rearrangement,Wolff rearrangement in Arndt-Eistert synthesis, benzil-
benzilic acid rearrangement).
Aromatic rearrangements from oxygen to ring carbon (Fries rearrangement, Claisen
rearrangement and benzidine rearrangement).

Rearrangement to electron-deficient nitrogen (Beckmann rearrangement, Schmidt

rearrangement, Hofmann rearrangement, Curtius rearrangement).

Rearrangement to electron-deficient oxygen (Baeyer-Villiger oxidation, hydroperoxide

rearrangement,cumene hydroperoxide-phenol rearrangement), Dakin reaction.

UNIT IV TERPENOIDS AND ALKALOIDS

Terpenes and terpenoids - classification - isoprene rule.

Elucidation of structure and synthesis of citral , limonene, menthol, α-terpineol and

camphor.

Alkaloids: Introduction, classification and general methods for the determination of

structure.

Structural elucidation and synthesis of conine,piperine and nicotine

UNIT-V ORGANIC SPECTROSCOPY

UV spectroscopy - chromophore – auxochrome – blue shift, red shift –
hypochromic shift, hyperchromic shift – applications for studying functional groups,cis-
trans isomerism and nature of double bonds- Woodward-Fischer rules as applied to
conjugated enes and alpha and beta unsaturated ketones.
IR spectroscopy–characteristics of IR absorption frequencies – intermolecular and
intramolecular hydrogen bonding – functional group detection.
NMR Spectroscopy - interpretation of NMR spectra of simple organic compounds such
as acetone, anisole, benzaldehyde, isobutene, mesitylene, 1-chloropropane, ethyl methyl
ketone, benzyl alcohol, and propionic acid.
Reference Books

1. K.S. Tewari, N.K. Vishil, S.N. Mehotra – A text book of org. chem – 1st edition,
Vikas Publishing House Pvt Ltd., 2001, New Delhi.
2. P.L. Soni, Text Book of Organic chemistry, Sultans Chand, 1991, New Delhi,
3. Bahl and Arun Bahl, Organic Chemistry, S. Chand and Sons, New Delhi, 2005.
4. Gurdeep Chatwal, Reaction mechanisms and reagents in organic chemistry
5. O. P. Agarwal, Chemistry of Organic Natural Products, Vol 1 and 2, Goel Pub.
House,2002.
6. Gurdeep Chatwal, Chemistry of Organic Natural Products, Vol 1 and 2, Goel Pub.
House,2002
7. Y.R. Sharma, O.P. Vig, Elementary organic absorption spectroscopy – 1st edition,
Goel Pulishers, 1997, Meerut
8. R. T. Morrison and R. N. Boyd, Organic Chemistry, 6th Edition, PHI Limited, New
Delhi, 1992.
9. Jerry March, Advanced Organic Chemistry, 4th Edition, John Wiley and Sons, New
York,1992.
10. S. H. Pine, Organic Chemistry, 5th Edition, McGraw Hill International Edition,
Chemistry Series, New York, 1987.
 MODEL QUESTION PAPER

SEMESTER-VI ORGANIC CHEMISTRY – IV

Time : 3 hours Marks : 75

Part A - (10x1=10 marks)

Answer ALL questions

Choose the Correct Answer

1) Glucose on reduction with sodium and ethanol gives

a) Sorbitol b) Maninitol c) Gluconic acid d) Sorbitol and Mannitol

2) Sorbitol and Mannitol are

a) Meso forms b) Epimers c) Enantiomers d) Pentoses

3) Nitrophenols are…………………………than phenols

a) More basicb) More acidic C) Less acidic d) None

4) The Knovenagel reaction between benzaldehyde and malonic ester gives

a) Cinnamyl alcohol b) Cinnamic acid c) Benzoic acid d) Phthalic acid

5) Benzamide undergoes Hoffmann rearrangement to give

a) Benzoic acid b) Methyl amine c) Aniline d) N-Methyl aniline

6) Which among the following is intermolecular rearrangement

a) Fries rearrangement b) Benzidine rearrangement c) Hoffmann rearrangement d) None

7) Citral on oxidation gives
a) Citric acid b) Dipentene c) Geranic acid d) Gereneal
8) Ascorbic acid is usually known as

a) Vitamin-A b) Vitamin-C c) Vitamin-K d) Vitamin-E

9) In UV Spectroscopy increase in λmax is known as
a) Blue shift b) Red shift c) Hypsochromic shift d) Hyperchromic shift
10) The number of signals obtained in the NMR spectra of acetone is
a) 3 b) 6 c) 1 d) 2

Part B (5x5=25)

Answer all questions

11 a) Give any three tests to distinguish between Glucose and Fructose (OR)

b) Write a note on Starch

12 a) What happens when salicylaldehyde is subjected to Perkin’s Reaction? (OR)

b) What is Houben-Hoesch synthesis?

13 a) Give one thermal rearrangement. Mention its type (OR)

b) Give any one rearrangement in which 1:2 shift occurs

14 a) What are Terpenoids? How are they classified? (OR)

b) How will explain Hofmann Exhaustive Methylation by taking conine as an example

15 a) Write in detail the applications of UV spectroscopy (OR)

b) Explain how hydrogen bond is detected by IR spectroscopy

Part C (5x8=40)

Answer all questions

16 a) Discss the constitution of fructose (OR)

b) How are the following conversions effected?

i) glucose to fructose ii) fructose to glucose

17 a) Give the mechanism of the following

i) Benzoin condensation ii) Riemer-Timer reaction (OR)

b) How are the following prepared?

i) Cinnamaldehyde ii) Benzophenone iii) Anthranilic acid iv) Rescorcinol

18 a) Discuss the mechanism of the following

 i) Benzil-benzilic acid rearrangement ii) Pinacole-Pinacolone rearrangement (OR)

b) Explain the mechanism of the following

i) Hofmann rearrangement ii) Beckmann rearrangement

19 a) How will you elucidate the structure of Nicotine (OR)

b) Discuss the determination of structure of citral.

20 a) Write notes on

i) Chromophore ii) Auxochrome iii) Red shift iv) Blue shift (OR)

b) Draw and explain the NMR spectra of the following

i) Anisole ii) Benzaldehyde iii) Ethyl methyl ketone iv)

Propionic acid
 SEMESTER VI

MAJOR ELECTIVE-II

GREEN CHEMISTRY

L T P C
4 0 0 4
Objectives

 To introduce the basics and need for Green Chemistry

 To understand the principles and designing a green synthesis of selected compounds
 To make the students familiar with the usage of green solvents and green catalysts in
chemical reactions.
 To learn the principles of the microwave and ultrasound assisted reactions.
UNIT- I Introduction to green chemistry

Definition – need for green chemistry – scope of green chemistry.

Concept of atom economy – yield – mass intensity and atom economy.

Calculation of atom economy, mass intensity, mass productivity and carbon efficiency.

Different types of reactions and atom economy - addition, substitution, elimination and
rearrangements.

Concept of selectivity – enantioselectivity, chemoselectivity, regioselectivity and

diasterioselectivity.

UNIT- II Green solvent

Super critical fluids – Introduction – extraction of super critical fluids – solvents of super
critical fluid– advantages and applications.Carbondioxide as a super critical fluid – features of
technique for using super critical carbondioxide - advantages and applications.Chemical
reactions in supercritical water and Near – Critical Water (NCW)- Region. Extracting natural
products, dry cleaning, supercritical polymerization, hydrogenation and hydroformylationlonic
liquid as green solvent : Introduction – synthesis of ionic liquids - acidic ionic liquid and neutral
ionic liquids – applications in organic synthesis. Green reagents : Dimethyl carbonate and
Polymer supported reagents.
UNIT- III Green catalyst

Catalysis over view : acid catalyst - basic catalyst – oxidation catalyst – polymer supported
catalyst- photosensitized super acid catalyst and Tetra Amido Macrocylic Ligand (TAML)
catalyst.

Biocatalyst : microbial oxidation, microbial reduction, enzyme catalyzed hydrolytic process, per
fluorinated catalyst and modified biocatalyst.

Development of mesoporous supports by liquid crystal templating – neutral templating methods-

heterogeneous catalyst – solid supported catalyst.

UNIT- IV Green synthesis

Green synthesis of the following compounds -Adipic acid, Catechol, Benzoyl bromide,
Acetaldehyde, Citral, Ibruprofen and Paracetamol

Microwave assisted reactions in water – Hoffmann Elimination, Hydrolysis of benzyl chloride

and methyl benzoate – oxidation of toluene and alcohols

Microwave assisted reactions in organic solvents – Esterification, Fries rearrangement, Clasien

Rearrangement, Diels-Alder Reaction and Decarboxylation. Ultra sound assisted reactions –
Esterification, Saponification, alkylation , oxidation, reduction, coupling reactions and
Cannizaro reactions.

UNIT -V Green reactions invloving basic principle of green chemistry.

Twleve principle of green chemistry – choice of starting materials – biomimitic,

multifunctional reagents – materials reagents.

Combinatorial green chemistry – green chemistry in sustainable developments.

Importance of Green chemistry in day to day life, versatile bleaching agents and analgeric drugs.
References

1. V.K.Ahluwallia &M.R Kidwai “New Trends in Green Chemistry”, Anamalaya

Publishers (2005)

2. P.T.Anaster &J.K.Warnerr “ Oxford Green Chemistry,Theory and Practical”,University

Press(1998)

3. A.S. Matlack,’’ Introduction to Green Chemistry”-Marcel Deckkar (2001)

4. V.K.Ahhluwallia, “Green Chemistry Environnmentally Benign

Reaction”Ane Books Pvt.Ltd. New Delhi (2009)

5 Rashmi Sannghi &MM Srivastava, “Green Chemistry Environment Friendly

Alternatives.” Narosa Publishing House Pvt Ltd, New Delhi (2009)

 MODEL QUESTION PAPER

Major Elective –GREEN CHEMISTRY.

Maximum -75 marks

PART- A (10x1 =10 marks)

Time – Three hours
Answer ALL questions

Choose the correct answer

1. Find the term missing in Risk = Hazard x------------

(a) exposure (b) bengin (c) reactivity (d) rate
2. Division of the total mass of a chemical reaction by the mass of product gives
(a) mass intensity (b) mass productivity (c) carbon efficiency (d) yield
3. Solvent which do not pollute the environment is known as
(a) pure solvent (b) green solvent (c) good solvent (d) poor solvent
4. Select the coolant in refrigerator
(a) CFC (b) CCl4 (c) CHCl3 (d) HCHO
5. Select the greenest solvent
(a) formaldehyde (b) benzene (c) water (d) ethanol
6. Example of green chemistry
(a) carpet (b) bioplastics (c) sublimation (d) rubber
7. Production of fructose from glucose is catalysed by enzyme
(a) glucose isomerase (b) fructose isomerase (c) sucrose isomerase (d) invertase
8.Select the catalyst used in the synthesis of polymer from soyabean oil
(a)TAML (b) Al2O3 (c) Si2O3 (d) CaCo3
9. Hydrolysis of benzyl chloride gives
(a) benzyl alcohol (b) benzal alcohol (c) phenol (d) butyl alcohol
10.Oxidation of toluene with potassium permanganate gives
(a) phthalic acid (b) benzoic acid (c) tolueic acid (d) phenol
 PART- B (5x5=25 marks)

Answer all the questions choosing either (a) or (b)

11. (a) Define atom economy? Calculate the atom economy of the following reaction.
CH3CH2COOCH2CH3+CH3NH2 CH3CH2CONHCH3 + C2H5OH
(OR)
(b) What is yield? Find the yield of the following reaction.
C2H5OH +CH3COOH CH3COOC2H5 +H2O

12 (a) Draw the phase diagram of CO2 and explain its super critical state.
(OR)
(b) Discuss super critical polymerisation with examples.

13 (a) Discuss the role of biocatalyst in green chemistry.

(OR)
(b) Explain acid and basic green catalyst with examples.

14 (a) Complete the following reaction.

(OR)
(b) Explain saponication and esterification reactions carried out using ultrasound
technique.

15 (a) Discuss the role of green chemistry in sustainable developments.

(OR)
(b) Explain the term biomimitic in green chemistry.
 PART –C (5x8=40 marks)

Answer all questions choosing either (a) or (b)

16 (a) (i)Explain the term yield, mass intensity and mass productivity.
(ii) Calculate the atomic economy of an addition and elimination reaction.
(OR)
(b) Explain the following terms with suitable example.
(i) enantioselectivity (ii) chemoseletivity.

17 (a) Explain the various organic reactions in

(i)Super Critical Water (ii) Near Critical Water Region
(OR)
(b) Discuss the role of ionic liquid as green solvent in organic reaction.

18 (a) What is TAML? Give its structure, properties and applications.

(OR)
(b)(i) Explain the role of polymer supported catalyst.
(ii)Discuss neutral templating method of preparing mesoporous silica.

19 (a) Give the green synthesis of the following compound.

(i) Ibuprofen (ii) Paracetamol
(OR)
(b) Explain the following reaction assisted by microwaves.
(i) Hoffman elimination (ii) Claisen rearrangement

20 (a) Discuss the twelve principles of green chemistry with suitable example.
(OR)
(b) Explain the important role of green chemistry in day to day life.
 SEMESTER VI

MAJOR ELECTIVE-II

NANO CHEMISTRY

L T P C
4 0 0 4
Objectives

 To give an insight into the basics of nanochemistry.

 To understand the difference between bulk material and nanomaterial and learn the
synthesis, application and fabrication of nanostructure.
 To study the importance of nanocatalyst, nanocomposites and fibers.
 To make the students familiar with the characterization and applications of
nanomaterials.
UNIT- I Introduction to Nano chemistry.

Definition: nanoscience – nanotechnology – nanochemistry – significance of nanoscale -

factors responsible for special properties of nanomaterials.

Nanomaterials: Different types of nanomaterials and structures- quantum wells – quantum wires
– quantum dots – nanoclusters – nanocrystals – nanowires and nanotubes.
Feynman’s Prophecy– manufacturing of nanomateris - top-down and bottom-up approaches.
UNIT-II Synthesis of nano particles.

Introduction – orientation of nanoparticles – synthesis of nanoparticles.

Physical methods: laser ablation, physical vapour deposition (PVD) and solvated metal atom
dispersion (SMAD).

Chemical methods: thermolysis, sonochemical method, reduction methods, phase-transfer

processes and biosynthesis of nanoparticles.

Synthesis of nanosized semiconductors: precipitation methods and thermal decomposition of

complex precursors.

Synthesis of ceramics: physical methods, gas condensation method, laser method, chemical
methods and sol-gel synthesis.
UNIT –III Nanocatalyst and carbon based nanomaterials

Inroduction – fundamentals of catalysis – adsorption of a molecule on a catalyst surface,

adsorption theory- Langmuir adsorption isotherm.

Surface reactions – synthesis – synthesis requirements, example of a conventional synthetic

technique, non traditional methods for preparing nanocatalyst.

Characterization of nanocatalyst : overview - bulk characterization technique and surface

characterization technique

Carbon nanomaterials : structure and properties of graphite, diamond and fullerenes.

UNIT-IV Nanocomposites and fibers.

Introduction - Background - types of composite materials - The nano perspective.

Physical and chemical properties of materials – mechanical properties, thermal properties,

electronic properties and chemical properties.

Natural nanocomposities - Skin of the sea cucumber and hard natural nanocomposites.

Carbon fibers and nanotubes – Types of fibers, Whiskers and nanotubes – synthesis of fibers
and nanotubes - chemical modification and applications of carbon nanotube.

Metal and Ceramic nanocomposites - Metal nanocomposites, inorganic nanofibers and concrete.

Clay nanocomposite materials -polypropylene clay nanocomposite , mont morillonite clay

nanocomposite and halloysite nanotube claycomposites.

UNIT-V Characterization and applications of nanomaterials.

Types of characterization methods – Electron probe method- Scanning electron

microscopy – Transmission electron microscopy,

Spectroscopyic Methods, - UV – Visible adsorption and emission spectroscopy, Infra Red and
Raman spectroscopy and X-ray diffraction methods.

Current applications: sunscreens and cosmetics – nano medicine, drug delivery and cancer drugs
– food and drinks, textiles, chemical industry and electronic devices.

Short term applications - paints – fuel cells – displays – batteries – fuel additives and catalysts.

Long term applications- composites – lubricants – magnetic materials – medical implants –

machinable ceramics – water purification and military battle suits.
References

1. Geoffrey A. Ozin and Andre C. Arsenault, “Nanochemistry: A chemical approach to

nanomaterials”, RSC publishing, (2005), U.K.
2. Hari Singh Nalwa, “Nanostructured Materials and Nanotechnology”, Academic Press,
New York,(2002).
3. C.N.R. Rao, A. Muller and A.K. Cheetham, “The Chemistry of Nanomaterials, Volume I
& II”, Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim, (2004).
4. Kenneth J. Klabunde, “Nanoscale Materials in Chemistry”, Wiley-Interscience”, New
York,(2001).
5. Gabor L.Hornyak, Harry F. Tibbals, Joydeep Dutta and John J Moore . “Inroduction to
Nanoscience and Nanotechnology” CRC Press ,Taylor and Francis group London
Newyork.
 MODEL QUESTION PAPER
MAJOR ELECTIVE- NANO CHEMISTRY
Time - Three hours Maximum – 75
marks
PART-A (10x1 =10 marks)
Answer ALL questions
Choose the correct answer
1. Zeolite is an example of
(a) nanotube (b) nanowires (c) nanocrystals (d) nanoporous solid
2. Nanocluster is a collection of atoms or molecules of about ----------- units.
(a) 50 (b) 25 (c) 75 (d) 100
3. Gold nanoparticles are prepared by sonication of chloro auric acid in the presence of
(a) benzene (b) alcohol (c) ether (d) none
4. Platinum nanoparticles are mainly used in
(a) industries (b) biomedical (c) hydrogen storage (d) magnetic field
5. Heterogeneous material with superior properties in which one phase is dispersed within
another is
(a) nanocrystal (b) nanocomposite (c) nanoparticle (d) none
6. Spider silk is ------- times tougher than steel of the same mass
(a) 5 (b) 10 (c) 15 (d) 20
7. Nanoscale material within which the motion of electrons is confined in the x,y and z direction
is
(a) quantum wells (b) quantum dots (c) quantum wires (d) none
8. IR spectroscopy methods rely on -------vibrations
(a) asymmetrical (b) symmetrical (c) non symmetrical (d) none
9. Hydrogenation reaction requires the ---------form of catalyst
(a) oxide (b) metal (c) halide (d) nitride
10. Gold nano particle is -------charged
(a) positive (b) negative (c) neutral (d) none
 PART-B ( 5 x 5 = 25 marks )
Answer ALL questions choosing either (a) or (b)
11 . (a) Discuss the term quantum wells and quantum dots.
(OR)
(b) Explain the various factors responsible for special properties of nanomaterials.
12. (a) How will you synthesis nanoparticle by physical vapour deposition method.
(OR)
(b) Explain the synthesis of ceramics by sol-gel method.
13. (a) Explain surface reactions with suitable examples.
(OR)
(b) Discuss the synthesis and properties of fullerenes.
14. (a) Write notes on metal nanocomposites.
(OR)
(b) Explain the different types of clay nanocomposites.

15. (a) What is TEM? Explain the different types of images produced by TEM.
(OR)
(b) Write the applications of nanoparticles in medicine and cosmetics.

PART C (5x8=40 marks)

Answer ALL questions choosing either (a) or (b)

16. (a) (i) State Feynman’s Prophecy

(ii) Explain the top-down and bottom-up approach of manufacturing of nanomaterials
(OR)
(b) Explain the term (i) nanocrysatal (ii) nanoclusters
17. (a) (i) Discuss the biosynthesis of nanoparticles.
(ii) Explain the synthesis of nanomaterials by phase –transfer processes.
(OR)
 (b) Explain the precipitation method and thermal decomposition method of synthesis of nano
sized semiconductors.

18 (a).(i) State the important principles of adsorption theory.

(ii) Derive Langmuir adsorption isotherm and explain.
(OR)
(b). Discuss the different methods of Bulk characterization technique.
19 ( a). Discuss the physical and chemical properties of nanocomposite.
(OR)
(b) Explain the synthesis, properties and applications of carbon nanotube.
20 (a) Explain the various components and working of Scanning Electron Microscopy.
(OR)
(b). Write the applications of nanoparticles in fuel cells, fuel additives and batteries.
 MAJOR PRACTICAL PAPER VII
(VI SEMESTER)

PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY EXPERIMENTS

L T P C
0 0 4 2

Objectives

 To enable the students to understand the principles of physical chemistry

experiments

1. Determination of molar mass of the given substance by Rast macro method

2. Determination of molecular weight of the given substance by Transition temperature
method
3. Determination of solubility of a substance at different temperatures and calculation of
heat of solution
4. Study of adsorption of oxalic acid on charcoal and verification of Freundlich isotherm
5. Study of phase equilibrium – Simple eutectic
6. Estimation of HCl by conductometric method using standard oxalic acid (to be prepared)
and link NaOH
7. Estimation of MgSO4 by conductometric method using standard MgSO4 (to be prepared)
and link BaCl2
8. Estimation of Fe(II) by potentiometric method using standard ferrous ammonium
sulphate (to be prepared) and link KMnO4
9. Estimation of KMnO4 by potentiometric method using standard K2Cr2O7 (to be prepared)
and link ferrous ammonium sulphate
10. Determination of equivalent conductance of weak electrolyte and calculation of
dissociation constant
11. Comparison of the strengths of acids by studying the kinetics of ester hydrolysis
 12. Determination of CST of phenol-water system. Study of the effect of impurity on CST
and determination of the strength of unknown
Internal – 50 marks
25 marks - Regularity
25 marks – Average of best six experiments in regular class work
External -75 marks
10 marks – Record (atleast six experiments)*
10 marks – Procedure (5+5)
30 marks – Experiment
*Experiments done in the class alone should be recorded
(Students having a bonafide record only should be permitted to appear for the practical
examination)

Reference books:
1. J.N. Gurthu and R. Kapoor, Advanced Experimental Chemistry, S. Chand and Co., 1987.
2. Sundaram, Krishnan, Raghavan, Practical Chemistry (Part II), S. Viswanathan Co. Pvt.,
1996.
3. David P. Shoemaker, Carl W. Garland, Joseph W. Nibler, Experiments in Physical
Chemistry, 5th Edi., McGraw- Hill Book company, 1989.
4. Alexander Findlay and J.A. Kitcher. Practical Physical Chemistry, Longmans
5. Y.B. Yadav, Practical Physical Chemistry, Goel publishing house

Reference books:
1. Sundaram, Krishnan, Raghavan, Practical Chemistry (Part III), S. Viswanathan Co. Pvt.,
1996.
2. Vogel’s Text Book of Quantitative Chemical Analysis. 5th Edi., ELBS/Longman England,
1989.
3. O.P. Pandey, D.N Bajpai, S. Gini, Practical Chemistry, for I, II & III BSc.
Students. S.Chand & Company Ltd reprint 2009.
4. V.K.Ahluwalia, Sunitha Dhingra, Adarsh Gulate College Practical
Chemistry, Universities Press (India) Pvt Ltd 2008 (reprint)
5. N.S. Gnanapragasam and G. Ramamurthy, Organic Chemistry – Lab manual, S.
Viswanathan Co. Pvt., 1998.
6. J.N. Gurthu and R. Kapoor, Advanced Experimental Chemistry (Organic), S. Chand and
Co., 1987.
7. B.S. Furniss, A.J. Hannaford, P.W. G. Smith and A.R. Tatchell, Vogel’s Text Book of
Practical Organic Chemistry. 5th Edn., Pearson Education, 2005.
8. O.P. Pandey, D.N Bajpai, S. Gini, Practical Chemistry, for I, II & III BSc.
Students. S.Chand & Company Ltd reprint 2009.
9. P.R.Singh, D.C.Gupta, K.S.Bajpal Experimental Organic Chemistry Vol.I
and II, 1980.