3 Modernism
3 Modernism
3 Modernism
•it means present, or current, implying as its opposite the notion of earlier, of what
is past.
• Population increase
•The cast plate glass process was invented in 1848, allowing the manufacture of
very large windows.
The Crystal Palace, 1851 (iron and plate glass construction & metal curtain wall)
EARLY MODERNISM IN EUROPE
•At the end of the 19th century, a few architects began to challenge the
traditional Neoclassical styles that dominated architecture in Europe and the
United States.
• flat, decorative
patterns;
• intertwined
organic forms
such as stems or
flowers;
• an emphasis on handcrafting as opposed to
machine manufacturing;
• the use of new materials;
• and the rejection of traditional styles
o CHARACTERISTICS:
• Asymmetrical shapes
• Extensive use of arches and curved forms
• Curved glass
• Curving, plant-like embellishments
• Mosaics
• Stained glass
CLASSIFICATION:
Pierre Francastel divides Art Nouveau into two main tendencies that could
broadly termed the organic and the rationalist.
Rationalist: Organic:
Mackintosh school
Gaudi, Barcelona, Spain1903
Glasglow, Scotland 1897-1909
-gives precedence to the curved line and floral
-dependent on the straight shapes
line
CLASSIFICATION:
3. The linear, flat approach, with a heavy 4. A structured, geometric style (Austria &
symbolic element Germany,usa)
(Glasglow group, Mackintosh) (Wagner, olbrich, hoffmann, loos ,sullivan)
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