RD History Project ANSH - 1

CHANAKYA NATIONAL LAW UNIVERSITY,
PATNA
ROUGH PROJECT: HISTORY

TOPIC: “MESOLITHIC CULTURE”
AUGUST 2023
SUBMITTED TO: -
DR PRIYA DARSHINI
ASSOCIATE PROFESSOR OF HISTORY
THIS ROUGH DRAFT IS SUBMITTED IN THE PARTIAL FULFILMENT OF

THE(B.A. L.L.B) COURSE IN HISTORY.
SUBMITTED BY:
ANSH PRIY SRIVASTAVA
ROLL NO – 23112
BA LLB, 1 SEMESTER
ST
1.Introduction
Human history is divided into three

distinct eras: the Stone Age, the
Bronze Age, and
the Iron Age. These are not merely
technological stages, implying that
stone tools
and weapons were made during the
Stone Age, bronze tools and
weapons during the
Bronze Age, and iron tools and
weapons during the Iron Age.
These Ages imply far
more than technological
advancements. They imply
subsistence economies or
methods of food acquisition, social
organisation, including care for the
weak, sick,
and elderly, a mode of disposition
for the dead, and other facets of life.
The Stone Age is divided into three
distinct periods: the Palaeolithic or
Old Stone
Age, the Mesolithic or Middle
Stone Age, and the Neolithic or
New Stone Age. The
term lithic comes from the Greek
lithos, which means stone. The
terms Palaeolithic
and Mesolithic refer to the Old
Stone Age, Mesolithic to the
Middle Stone Age, and
Neolithic to the New Stone Age
Human history is divided into three
distinct eras: the Stone Age, the
Bronze Age, and
the Iron Age. These are not merely
technological stages, implying that
stone tools
and weapons were made during the
Stone Age, bronze tools and
weapons during the
Bronze Age, and iron tools and
weapons during the Iron Age.
These Ages imply far
more than technological
advancements. They imply
subsistence economies or
methods of food acquisition, social
organisation, including care for the
weak, sick,
and elderly, a mode of disposition
for the dead, and other facets of life.
The Stone Age is divided into three
distinct periods: the Palaeolithic or
Old Stone
Age, the Mesolithic or Middle
Stone Age, and the Neolithic or
New Stone Age. The
term lithic comes from the Greek
lithos, which means stone. The
terms Palaeolithic
and Mesolithic refer to the Old
Stone Age, Mesolithic to the
Middle Stone Age, and
Neolithic to the New Stone Age
Human history is divided into three distinct eras: the Stone Age, the Bronze Age, and the Iron Age. These
are not merely technological stages, implying that stone tools and weapons were made during the Stone Age,
bronze tools and weapons during the Bronze Age, and iron tools and weapons during the Iron Age. These
Ages imply far more than technological advancements. They imply subsistence economies or methods of
food acquisition, social organisation, including care for the weak, sick, and elderly, a mode of disposition for
the dead, and other facets of life. The Stone Age is divided into three distinct periods: the Palaeolithic or Old
Stone Age, the Mesolithic or Middle Stone Age, and the Neolithic or New Stone Age. The term lithic comes
from the Greek lithos, which means stone. The terms Palaeolithic and Mesolithic refer to the Old Stone Age,
Mesolithic to the Middle Stone Age, and Neolithic to the New Stone Age Mesolithic, also called Middle
Stone Age, is an ancient cultural stage that existed between the Paleolithic (Old Stone Age), with its chipped
stone tools, and the Neolithic (New Stone Age), with its polished stone tools. Mesolithic material culture is
characterized by greater innovation and diversity than is found in the Paleolithic. In India, this age spanned
from 9,000 B.C. to 4,000 B.C., and is characterized by the appearance of Microliths (small bladed stone
tools). Mesolithic period in human cultural history is defined as the earliest Holocene culture that occurs
before agriculture was started. According to Clark (1932) the term "Mesolithic" implies a particular group of
cultures included in point of time between Palaeolithic and Neolithic.
The Mesolithic like other basic archaeological divisions is borrowed from European prehistory.
Its applicability in the Indian context is well established both in terms of its meaning and culture
concept. Major characteristics of the Mesolithic cultures are as follows. They are Holocene in age in most
parts of the Old World, but there are situations in tropical Asia and Africa where the microlithic technology
extends back to Late Pleistocene. They are characterized by hunting and gathering, fishing and foraging
way of life. Mesolithic cultures are a continuation of the Palaeolithic economy but here the
emphasis shifts from big game to small game hunting and catching fish and exploitation of
marine food resources. This difference is reflected both in the ecology and technology of the
Mesolithic cultures. There is increasing emphasis on coastal adaptations. The technology is
distinguished by the use of composite tools and the production of microlithic tools on a large
scale. The preference for crypto-crystalline silica is distinct. They are generally pre-Neolithic
and continued to coexist with the later advanced food-producing cultures in a symbiotic
relationship.
The first discovery Mesolithic tools anywhere in the Old World was made by Carlleyle in the
previous century. Unfortunately, his finds were not adequately published. He reported a few
rock shelter and cave sites in the Kaimur range of hills in the Mirzapur Districts of Uttar
Pradesh and Rewa, Budelkhand and Baghelkhand areas of Madhya Pradesh. "Epipaleolithic" is sometimes
also used alongside "Mesolithic" for the final end of the Upper
Palaeolithic immediately followed by the Mesolithic. As "Mesolithic" suggests an intermediate
period, followed by the Neolithic, some authors prefer the term "Epipaleolithic" for huntergatherer
cultures who are not succeeded by agricultural traditions, reserving "Mesolithic" for
cultures who are clearly succeeded by the Neolithic Revolution, such as the Natufian culture.
Other authors use "Mesolithic" as a generic term for post-LGM hunter-gatherer cultures,
whether they are transitional towards agriculture or not. In addition, terminology appears to
differ between archaeological sub-disciplines, with "Mesolithic" being widely used in
European archaeology, while "Epipalaeolithic" is more common in Near Eastern archaeology.
Aims and Objectives:-

 Explain the meaning of the term Mesolithic.
 Identify the tool technology associated with this culture.
 Discuss about the different sites of Indian Mesolithic.
Research Methodology: -
Mostly doctrinal method and primary method of research was adopted in the making of
this project. Few primary and secondary methods were used. Some literary works and
books and articles were referred and the internet through various websites was used
extensively for the collection of data which was required for the study needed for this
research.
Sources of data:-
For research work, researcher will be relying for upon secondary sources.
Secondary Sources-
 Books
 Websites
 Limitations:-
Since the researcher is a student of law, he has access to a limited area. The researcher
having read the content through various websites is able to understand the topic but its
practical implementation would have been clearer if some more cases were referred. The
researcher has limited time for the project. The historical need and background is also
necessary for having a bird’s eye view of the particular topic and it gets developed only by
effective and extended reading over a long period of time. But the required materials are not
available in our library. But still researcher with his hard work will manage to take out the best
possible work.
 Mode of citation:-
The researcher will follow Harvard Bluebook[20th edition]
 Review of Literature:-
1) Mesolithic Period - INSIGHTSIAS (insightsonindia.com)
Insight IAS emerges as an exceptional and dependable online resource for research. With its
well-curated literature, the platform consistently delivers accurate and authentic information.
Researchers can confidently rely on Insight IAS for credible insights, making it an invaluable
asset for academic pursuits
2) India’s Ancient Past by R.S. Sharma
. RS Sharma's 'Ancient India' stands as a cornerstone in historical literature, offering an authentic

and reliable account of India's past. Meticulously researched and well-documented, the book
provides a comprehensive understanding of the nation's ancient history. With its scholarly
approach and thorough analysis, it has earned a reputation as an indispensable resource for history
enthusiasts and scholars alike.
 Tentative Chapterisation:-
1.Introduction
 Aims and objective

 Research Methodology
 Sources of data collection
 Limitations of Study
2. Meaning and Significance of Mesolithic
3. Discovery of Mesolithic Tools
4. Microlith Definition and Types
5. Nature of Archaeological Sites
6.Brief Description of Major Mesolithic Sites of India
7. Mesolithic Age in India
8. Conclusion
Bibliography

RD History Project ANSH - 1

Uploaded by

Copyright:

Available Formats

RD History Project ANSH - 1

Uploaded by

Document Information

Original Title

Copyright

Available Formats

Share this document

Share or Embed Document

Sharing Options

Did you find this document useful?

Is this content inappropriate?

Copyright:

Available Formats

RD History Project ANSH - 1

Uploaded by

Copyright:

Available Formats

CHANAKYA NATIONAL LAW UNIVERSITY,

ROUGH PROJECT: HISTORY

THIS ROUGH DRAFT IS SUBMITTED IN THE PARTIAL FULFILMENT OF

Human history is divided into three

Aims and Objectives:-

The researcher will follow Harvard Bluebook[20th edition]

1) Mesolithic Period - INSIGHTSIAS (insightsonindia.com)

2) India’s Ancient Past by R.S. Sharma

. RS Sharma's 'Ancient India' stands as a cornerstone in historical literature, offering an authentic

 Aims and objective

2. Meaning and Significance of Mesolithic

3. Discovery of Mesolithic Tools

4. Microlith Definition and Types

5. Nature of Archaeological Sites

6.Brief Description of Major Mesolithic Sites of India

7. Mesolithic Age in India

You might also like

Pfad - The Proxy pFad of © 2024 Garber Painting. All rights reserved.