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The experiment aims to analyze a given salt for one anion (CO32-) and one cation (NH4+). Preliminary observations indicate the salt is white with an ammoniacal smell and produces a yellow flame. Confirmatory tests for CO32- and NH4+ were conducted using various reagents, leading to the conclusion that the salt contains both radicals.

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8 views2 pages

EXPERIMENT next

The experiment aims to analyze a given salt for one anion (CO32-) and one cation (NH4+). Preliminary observations indicate the salt is white with an ammoniacal smell and produces a yellow flame. Confirmatory tests for CO32- and NH4+ were conducted using various reagents, leading to the conclusion that the salt contains both radicals.

Uploaded by

abhigyan2206
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© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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EXPERIMENT No-…….

Aim: To analyse the given salt for one anion and one cation present in it.

Materials Required: Test tubes, Boiling tubes, Test tube holder, Test tube stand, Corks, Filter paper,
Delivery tube, Spatula, Reagents
Preliminary Observation: -
(I)Physical Examination:-

Experiment Observation
(a) Colour
White
(b) Odour
Ammonical smell
(c) Dry Heating Test
Heated a pinch of salt in Colourless and odourless gas turns lime water milky.
dry test tube.

(d) Flame Test Yellow flame

(e) Density Lighter than water

(II)Test for Acidic radical-

1. Dilute Sulphuric Acid Test Colourless odourless gas The gas evolved is CO2.
Treated pinch of salt with 1 mL with brisk CO32- may be present
dil H2SO4 and warmed. effervescence, turns
lime water milky.
2. Confirmatory Tests for CO32-
Magnesium sulphate test: Formation of white CO32- confirmed.
To a portion of the salt solution, add precipitate.
magnesium sulphate (MgSO4)
solution.

(III)Test for basic radical-

1.Heated a pinch of salt with Characteristic NH4+ may be present.


Conc. NaOH solution. ammoniacal smell.
2.Confirmatory Tests for NH4+
To a small amount of solid salt A gas with ammoniacal NH4+ may be present.
taken in a test tube, add some smell is evolved.
concentrated solution of sodium
hydroxide and heat the contents.
Bring a glass rod dipped in dil. White fumes are
HCl near the mouth of the test produced.
tube.
3. Nessler’s Reagent test: NH4+ is confirmed.
When the gas evolved in the Brown precipitate is
above test is passed through formed
Nessler's reagent taken in a test
tube.

Chemical equations:
Cation - NH4Cl +NaOH  NaCl +NH3( gas) + H2O
NH3 + HCl  NH4Cl (white fumes)
2K2[HgI4] + NH3 +3KOH  H2N.HgO.HgI ↓ + 7 KI + 2H2O
Nessler reagent Brown ppt.

Anion- CaCO3 (S) + 2HCl(aq) CaCl2 + H2O (l) + CO2 (g)


CO2 (g)+ Ca(OH)2 (aq)  CaCO3 (S) + H2O(l)
Milkiness

Result: Acidic radical present in the given salt = CO32-


Basic radical present in the given salt = NH4+

Precautions:
(i) Do not mix chemicals and reagents unnecessarily. Never taste any chemical.
(ii) Be careful in smelling chemicals or vapours.
(iii) Always pour acid into water for dilution. Never add water to acid.
(iv) Always wash your hands after the completion of the laboratory work.

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