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Salt Analysis - 02 GKT1

The document describes tests conducted on an inorganic salt to identify its acidic and basic radicals. The salt was found to be white, water soluble, and give off an ammonical odor. Tests showed the acidic radical was chloride (Cl-) based on gas evolution and precipitation reactions. The basic radical was identified as ammonium (NH4+) based on odor tests and color change reactions. Therefore, the salt was determined to be ammonium chloride (NH4Cl).

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25 views2 pages

Salt Analysis - 02 GKT1

The document describes tests conducted on an inorganic salt to identify its acidic and basic radicals. The salt was found to be white, water soluble, and give off an ammonical odor. Tests showed the acidic radical was chloride (Cl-) based on gas evolution and precipitation reactions. The basic radical was identified as ammonium (NH4+) based on odor tests and color change reactions. Therefore, the salt was determined to be ammonium chloride (NH4Cl).

Uploaded by

Rudra kanzariya
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Kokilaben Dhirubhai Ambani Reliance Foundation School, Reliance Greens, Jamnagar

Session – 2021-22

Aim: To identify one acidic radical (anion) and one basic radical (cation) in given inorganic salt.

Physical Test: 1. Colour - White 2. Odour - Ammonical odour 3. Solubility in H2O - water soluble 4. Colour - White

Chemical test for acidic radical:

S. No. Test Observation Inference


1. Take small quantity of salt in a dry test tube No relevant gas evolved Dilute acid group absent
+ dilute H2SO4 or observed.
2. Again take small amount of salt in a dry test Colourless gas with Concentrated acid group
tube + concentrated H2SO4. pungent, suffocating present and Cl― may be.
smell evolved.
3. Bring a glass rod wet with NH4OH near the Dense white fumes Cl― present
mouth of test tube. formed.
4. Prepare salt’s solution in water + AgNO3 White/curdy white Cl― present
solution. precipitate is formed.
5. Add NH4OH to above precipitate. Precipitate dissolved in Cl― confirm.
NH4OH.
6. Chromyl chloride test: Salt + K2Cr2O7 (Solid) Red colour vapours -
+ Conc. H2SO4 + Heat evolved.
7. Pass these vapours into NaOH solution in Yellow precipitate is Cl― again confirm.
another test tube + Acetic acid + lead obtained
acetate
Chemical Test for basic radical

S. No. Test Observation Inference


1. Take small quantity of salt in a dry test tube Ammonical odour Zero group present NH4+
+ NaOH solution observed may be.
2. Bring a glass rod wet with concentrated HCl Dense white fumes NH4+ present
near the mouth of test tube. formed at junction.
3. Again take small amount of salt in a test Orange brown precipitate NH4+ confirm
tube + Water + Shake it + Nessler’s Reagent. obtained.

Result: The given inorganic salt contains following radical:

Acidic: Chloride ion (Cl―) Basic: Ammonium ion (NH4+) Salt – NH4 Cl

Chemical Reactions/Equations:

For acidic radical:

NH4 Cl― + conc. H2SO4 (NH4)2SO4 + 2 HCl (Colourless and pungent fumes)
HCl + NH4OH NH4 Cl (Dense white fumes)

NH4Cl + AgNO3 NH4NO3 + AgCl (White precipitate)

AgCl + NH4OH [Ag (NH3)2]Cl + 2H2O

Chromyl Chloride Test:

4NH4Cl + K2Cr2O7 + conc. 3H2SO4 K2SO4 + 2(NH4)2SO4 + 2CrO2Cl2 + H2O

CrO2Cl2 + 4NaOH Na2CrO4 + NaCl + H2O

Na2CrO4 + (CH3COO)2Pb PbCrO4 (Yellow Precipitate) + 2CH3COONa

For Basic Radical:

(NH4)2CO3 + 2NaOH Na2CO3 + H2O + 2NH3

NH3 + HCl NH4Cl (Dense white fumes)

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